525:
423:
considered as territories sufficient for statehood. The term "permanent population" defines the community that has the intention to inhabit the territory permanently and is capable to support the superstructure of the State, though there is no requirement of a minimum population. The government must be capable of exercising effective control over a territory and population (the requirement known in legal theory as "effective control test") and guarantee the protection of basic human rights by legal methods and policies. The "capacity to enter into relations with other states" reflects the entity's degree of independence.
485:
on which it operated, and it has not accepted the allegation that the "TRNC" courts as a whole lacked independence and/or impartiality". On 3 February 2017, The United
Kingdom's High Court stated "There was no duty in the United Kingdom law upon the Government to refrain from recognizing Northern Cyprus. The United Nations itself works with Northern Cyprus law enforcement agencies and facilitates co-operation between the two parts of the island". and revealed that the co-operation between the United Kingdom police and law agencies in Northern Cyprus is legal.
698:
which states do not have (though their territories have a spatial position, states are distinct from their territories), and abstract objects have a position in neither time nor space, which does not fit the supposed characteristics of states either, since states do have a temporal position (they can be created at certain times and then become extinct at a future time). Therefore, it has been argued that states belong to a third category, the quasi-abstract, that has recently begun to garner philosophical attention, especially in the area of
766:
752:
255:, and the charters of regional international organizations express the view that all states are juridically equal and enjoy the same rights and duties based upon the mere fact of their existence as persons under international law. The right of nations to determine their own political status and exercise permanent sovereignty within the limits of their territorial jurisdictions is widely recognized.
110:
1890:
702:, an ontological theory that seeks to understand the role of documents in understanding all of social reality. Quasi-abstract objects, such as states, can be brought into being through document acts, and can also be used to manipulate them, such as by binding them by treaty or surrendering them as the result of a war.
183:
the international system of special internal and external security and legitimization of the dilemma. Recently, the concept of the international community has been formed to refer to a group of States that have established rules, procedures and institutions for the implementation of relations. Thus, the foundation for
216:
Sovereignty is a term that is frequently misused. Up until the 19th century, the radicalised concept of a "standard of civilization" was routinely deployed to determine that certain people in the world were "uncivilized", and lacking organised societies. That position was reflected and constituted in
182:
includes more than 200 sovereign states, most of which are represented in the United
Nations. These states exist in a system of international relations, where each state takes into account the policies of other states by making its own calculations. From this point of view, States are integrated into
965:
on Rights and Duties of States, 1 lays down the most widely accepted formulation of the criteria of statehood in international law. It note that the state as an international person should possess the following qualifications: '(a) a permanent population; (b) a defined territory; (c) government; and
479:
decided that "notwithstanding the lack of international recognition of the regime in the northern area, a de facto recognition of its acts may be rendered necessary for practical purposes. Thus the adoption by the authorities of the "TRNC" of civil, administrative or criminal law measures, and their
453:
State practice relating to the recognition of states typically falls somewhere between the declaratory and constitutive approaches. International law does not require a state to recognise other states. Recognition is often withheld when a new state is seen as illegitimate or has come about in breach
414:
if it meets the following criteria: 1) a defined territory; 2) a permanent population; 3) a government and 4) a capacity to enter into relations with other states. According to declarative theory, an entity's statehood is independent of its recognition by other states, as long as the sovereignty was
484:
purportedly operates as a democratic republic with a president, prime minister, legislature and judiciary". On 2 September 2015, ECtHR decided that "...the court system set up in the "TRNC" was to be considered to have been "established by law" with reference to the "constitutional and legal basis"
378:
One of the major criticisms of this law is the confusion caused when some states recognise a new entity, but other states do not. Hersch
Lauterpacht, one of the theory's main proponents, suggested that a state must grant recognition as a possible solution. However, a state may use any criteria when
262:
Named after the 1648 Treaty of
Westphalia, the Westphalian System of state sovereignty, according to Bryan Turner, "made a more or less clear separation between religion and state, and recognized the right of princes "to confessionalize" the state, that is, to determine the religious affiliation of
705:
Scholars in international relations can be broken up into two different practices, realists and pluralists, of what they believe the ontological state of the state is. Realists believe that the world is one of only states and interstate relations and the identity of the state is defined before any
221:
said, "There exists perhaps no conception the meaning of which is more controversial than that of sovereignty. It is an indisputable fact that this conception, from the moment when it was introduced into political science until the present day, has never had a meaning, which was universally agreed
697:
It has been argued that one potential reason as to why the existence of states has been controversial is because states do not have a place in the traditional
Platonist duality of the concrete and the abstract. Characteristically, concrete objects are those that have a position in time and space,
676:
Generally speaking, states are durable entities, though they can become extinguished, either through voluntary means or outside forces, such as military conquest. Violent state abolition has virtually ceased since the end of World War II. Because states are non-physical juridical entities, it has
361:
of international law if, and only if, it is recognised as sovereign by at least one other state. This theory of recognition was developed in the 19th century. Under it, a state was sovereign if another sovereign state recognised it as such. Because of this, new states could not immediately become
328:
State recognition signifies the decision of a sovereign state to treat another entity as also being a sovereign state. Recognition can be either expressed or implied and is usually retroactive in its effects. It does not necessarily signify a desire to establish or maintain diplomatic relations.
422:
A "territory" in the international law context consists of land territory, internal waters, territorial sea, and air space above the territory. There is no requirement on strictly delimited borders or minimum size of the land, but artificial installations and uninhabitable territories cannot be
655:
due to having a political system in which the sovereignty of the state was subject to limitations both internal (West
Germany's federal system and the role of civil society) and external (membership in the European Community and reliance on its alliance with the United States and NATO for its
730:
Since the end of World War II, the number of sovereign states in the international system has surged. Some research suggests that the existence of international and regional organisations, the greater availability of economic aid, and greater acceptance of the norm of self-determination have
634:
Sovereignty is most commonly conceptualised as something categorical, which is either present or absent, and the coherence of any intermediate position in that binary has been questioned, especially in the context of international law. In spite of this, some authors admit the concept of a
304:
wrote that the "perfect equality and absolute independence of sovereigns" has created a class of cases where "every sovereign is understood to waive the exercise of a part of that complete exclusive territorial jurisdiction, which has been stated to be the attribute of every nation".
2128:"Opinion stating the reasons for the Court's Order of September 30, 2014 granting both the TRNC's and the HSBC defendants' motions to dismiss, denying the plaintiffs' motion for leave to amend, and dismissing this action with prejudice for Toumazou et al v. Republic of Turkey et al"
739:
that the increase in the number of states can partly be credited to a more peaceful world, greater free trade and international economic integration, democratisation, and the presence of international organisations that co-ordinate economic and political policies.
258:
In political science, sovereignty is usually defined as the most essential attribute of the state in the form of its complete self-sufficiency in the frames of a certain territory, that is its supremacy in the domestic policy and independence in the foreign one.
390:
International Law does not say that a State is not in existence as long as it is not recognised, but it takes no notice of it before its recognition. Through recognition only and exclusively a State becomes an
International Person and a subject of International
162:
Since the end of the 19th century, almost the entire globe has been divided into sections (countries) with more or less defined borders assigned to different states. Previously, quite large plots of land were either unclaimed or deserted, or inhabited by
337:
states in World War I and explained that "since recognition of statehood is a matter of discretion, it is open to any existing State to accept as a state any entity it wishes, regardless of the existence of territory or of an established government."
370:
recognised only 39 sovereign states in the
European diplomatic system, and as a result, it was firmly established that in the future new states would have to be recognised by other states, and that meant in practice recognition by one or more of the
474:
In the case of
Northern Cyprus, recognition was withheld from a state created in Northern Cyprus. International law contains no prohibition on declarations of independence, and the recognition of a country is a political issue. On 2 July 2013,
706:
international relations with other states. On the other hand, pluralists believe that the state is not the only actor in international relations and interactions between states and the state is competing against many other actors.
3271:
458:
and
Northern Cyprus are good examples of this, the former only having been recognized by South Africa, and the latter only recognized by Turkey. In the case of Rhodesia, recognition was widely withheld when the white minority
668:" is predicated upon that distinction. States are non-physical juridical entities, not organisations of any kind. However, ordinarily, only the government of a state can obligate or bind the state, for example by treaty.
332:
No definition is binding on all the members of the community of nations on the criteria for statehood. In practice, the criteria are mainly political, not legal. L.C. Green cited the recognition of the unborn Polish and
1376:
Wilde, Ralph (2009). "From Trusteeship to Self-Determination and Back Again: The Role of the Hague Regulations in the Evolution of International Trusteeship, and the Framework of Rights and Duties of Occupying Powers".
1078:
The Committee considers that the state is commonly defined as a community which consists of a territory and a population subject to an organized political authority; that such a state is characterized by sovereignty;
313:
by statute, which explicitly limits jurisdictional immunity to public acts, but not private or commercial ones, though there is no precise definition by which public acts can easily be distinguished from private ones.
677:
been argued that their extinction cannot be due to physical force alone. Instead, the physical actions of the military must be associated with the correct social or judiciary actions for a state to be abolished.
308:
Absolute sovereign immunity is no longer as widely accepted as it has been in the past, and some countries, including the United States, Canada, Singapore, Australia, Pakistan and South Africa, have introduced
825:
480:
application or enforcement within that territory, may be regarded as having a legal basis in domestic law for the purposes of the Convention". On 9 October 2014, the US's Federal Court stated that "the
643:
subjected to a more powerful neighbour; Belarus, in its relationship with Russia, has been proposed as a contemporary example of a semi-sovereign state. In a somewhat different sense, the term
5280:
3504:
2160:
664:
Although the terms "state" and "government" are often used interchangeably, international law distinguishes between a non-physical state and its government; and in fact, the concept of "
835:
2135:
5260:
1997:
362:
part of the international community or be bound by international law, and recognised nations did not have to respect international law in their dealings with them. In 1815, at the
1759:
689:
status of the state has been a subject of debate, especially, whether or not the state, being an object that no one can see, taste, touch, or otherwise detect, actually exists.
493:, and their representatives are elected in the Assembly of Northern Cyprus. As a country, Northern Cyprus became an observer member in various international organizations (the
460:
2795:
1002:
A sovereign state is generally defined to be any nation or people, whatever may be the form of its internal constitution, which governs itself independently of foreign powers.
426:
Article 3 of the Montevideo Convention declares that political statehood is independent of recognition by other states, and the state is not prohibited from defending itself.
290:
within territorial boundaries. Based on this, the jurisprudence has developed along the lines of affording immunity from prosecution to foreign states in domestic courts. In
175:(and some of them are still not in constant contact). Additionally, there are states where de facto control is contested or where it is not exercised over their whole area.
2683:
714:
Another theory of the ontology of the state is that the state is a spiritual, or "mystical entity" with its own being, distinct from the members of the state. The German
2699:"The Involuntary Extinction of States: An Examination of the Destruction of States though the Application of Military Force by Foreign Powers since the Second World War"
1438:
2357:
551:
490:
379:
judging if they should give recognition and they have no obligation to use such criteria. Many states may only recognise another state if it is to their advantage.
3497:
2330:
2932:
3918:
1729:
819:
2989:
2113:
731:
increased the desire of political units to secede and can be credited for the increase in the number of states in the international system. Harvard economist
2698:
2091:
1467:
2041:
The President of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) Hisashi Owada (2010): "International law contains no prohibition on declarations of independence."
5275:
3305:
609:
The hegemony of this system, at least until recent years, is what created the possibility of a de facto state as an anomaly existing outside of it - or in
3527:
217:
the notion that their "sovereignty" was either completely lacking or at least of an inferior character when compared to that of the "civilized" people".
4649:
3490:
1953:
International Law and Self-Determination: The Interplay of the Politics of Territorial Possession With Formulations of Post-Colonial National Identity
881:
2020:
2009:
3335:
205:
sovereignty based on territoriality and the absence of a role for external agents in domestic structures. It is an international system of states,
830:
639:, a state which is officially acknowledged as sovereign but whose theoretical sovereignty is significantly impaired in practice, such as by being
448:
323:
73:
3245:, "Part Three. The Philosophy of the State" (Milwaukee: The Bruce Publishing Company, 1954 ). 507 pgs. 23 cm. LOC classification: JA66 .S35
2260:
722:(1770â1831) was perhaps the greatest proponent of this theory. The Hegelian definition of the state is "the Divine Idea as it exists on Earth".
524:
439:, which found that a state was defined by having a territory, a population, government, and capacity to enter into relations with other states.
4555:
3235:
3175:
3105:
2912:
2605:
2530:
2491:
2417:
2243:
2203:
1965:
1834:
1789:
1677:
1641:
1414:
1325:
1300:
1047:
954:
578:
states only according to their own law and by states that recognise them. For example, Somaliland is commonly considered to be such a state.
2765:
4769:
3807:
2127:
546:
are sometimes recognised as being the legitimate government of a territory over which they have no actual control. For example, during the
292:
1867:
1810:
4774:
4202:
3706:
1132:
494:
367:
3261:
4701:
3868:
2304:
252:
4587:
4535:
4444:
3217:
3196:
3157:
3022:
2826:
1928:
1861:
1753:
1724:
1126:
875:
498:
149:
2384:
1553:
1060:
Pellet, Alain (1992). "The Opinions of the Badinter Arbitration Committee A Second Breath for the Self-Determination of Peoples".
4724:
4664:
4624:
4530:
4508:
4292:
3947:
3942:
3613:
1187:
Hoch, TomĂĄĆĄ (2018). "Legitimization of Statehood and its Impact on Foreign Policy in De Facto States: A Case Study of Abkhazia".
127:
979:
So far as States are concerned, the traditional definitions provided for in the Montevideo Convention remain generally accepted.
621:
resulted in the emergence of numerous such entities, several of which, including Abkhazia, Transdniester, South Ossetia and the
4789:
4550:
3714:
2106:"Michali Toumazou, Nicolas Kantzilaris and Maroulla Tompazou versus Republic of Turkey and Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus"
810:
614:
468:
1430:
1016:
5231:
4784:
4033:
3964:
1492:
1038:
476:
435:
131:
3070:
2536:
2497:
2423:
2361:
2175:
2053:
2034:
5083:
4158:
502:
3117:"States and their international relations since 1816: introducing version 2 of the International System(s) Dataset (ISD)"
3028:
2954:
Fazal, Tanisha M.; Griffiths, Ryan D. (March 2014). "Membership Has Its Privileges: The Changing Benefits of Statehood".
5306:
4901:
4708:
4520:
4498:
4058:
3935:
3774:
3328:
2334:
850:
595:
De facto states can be understood as a product of the very system that excludes the possibility of their existence: the
464:
4644:
4389:
2928:
2904:
1695:
430:
301:
2981:
1518:
Schwebel, Stephen M. (1963). "The Story of the U.N.'s Declaration on Permanent Sovereignty over Natural Resources".
5301:
4759:
4270:
3858:
2105:
1118:
2713:
2083:
1460:
187:, diplomacy between officially recognized sovereign states, their organizations and formal regimes has been laid.
120:
4959:
4931:
4749:
4513:
4265:
3878:
596:
268:
230:, "sovereignty is neither a question of fact, nor a question of law, but a question that does not arise at all".
206:
4964:
4729:
4070:
3747:
3143:
The International Law of Recognition, with Special Reference to Practice in Great Britain and the United States
815:
780:
411:
167:
that were not organized into states. However, even in modern states, there are large remote areas, such as the
2163:
Criminals fleeing British justice can no longer use Cyprus as a safe haven, judges rule, in landmark decision
1493:"General Assembly resolution 1803 (XVII) of 14 December 1962, "Permanent sovereignty over natural resources""
1257:
5011:
4572:
4432:
4410:
4175:
3767:
3514:
3321:
3280:
567:
227:
196:
179:
58:
610:
5088:
4924:
4919:
4449:
4287:
4187:
3923:
3843:
555:
310:
248:
69:
80:
with other sovereign states due to their lack of international recognition. When referring to a specific
5184:
4420:
4104:
4088:
4048:
4038:
3873:
3737:
3719:
3565:
2677:
962:
618:
416:
401:
279:
3291:
Legal opinion by the Negotiations Support Unit in the Palestinian Authority on transitional sovereignty
1757:
57:
as having a permanent population, defined territory, a government not under another, and the capacity
5311:
5151:
4043:
3603:
3421:
3356:
2621:
Robinson, Edward Heath (2010). "An ontological analysis of states: Organizations vs. legal persons".
2567:
2275:
1804:
845:
648:
3482:
1891:"The Status of Unrecognized Quasi-States and Their Responsibilities Under the Montevideo Convention"
429:
A similar opinion about "the conditions on which an entity constitutes a state" is expressed by the
5159:
4996:
4654:
4582:
4277:
4235:
4123:
4053:
4028:
3815:
3762:
3575:
3570:
2445:
Hancock, Kathleen J. (April 2006). "The Semi-Sovereign State: Belarus and the Russian Neo-Empire".
1984:
946:
790:
665:
622:
210:
93:
3287:
information on tracking, evaluating and managing sovereign risk for trade and permanent investment
2235:
1292:
5270:
4991:
4979:
4914:
4909:
4629:
4415:
4299:
4182:
4065:
3998:
3890:
3848:
3688:
3376:
2818:
2755:
2665:
2462:
1527:
1358:
1239:
1204:
916:
613:'s memorable phrase, as "temporary technical errors within the system of international law." The
383:
363:
234:
1545:
765:
5033:
5021:
4669:
4659:
4282:
4260:
4165:
4129:
4023:
3910:
3900:
3885:
3742:
3675:
3461:
3231:
3213:
3192:
3186:
3171:
3153:
3101:
3018:
2908:
2601:
2526:
2487:
2413:
2239:
2199:
2182:
The Foreign Policy of Counter Secession: Preventing the Recognition of Contested States, p.149
1961:
1857:
1851:
1830:
1824:
1785:
1749:
1720:
1673:
1637:
1410:
1321:
1296:
1122:
1043:
950:
855:
795:
342:
275:
244:
184:
172:
168:
50:
2193:
1957:
1727:
1112:
5078:
4876:
4439:
4345:
4098:
3982:
3853:
3833:
3797:
3670:
3580:
3361:
3258:
3128:
2963:
2810:
2747:
2657:
2630:
2575:
2454:
2231:
1665:
1629:
1606:
1350:
1288:
1231:
1196:
1167:
1069:
938:
785:
566:
control over a territory but lack international recognition; these may be considered by the
547:
486:
5265:
5126:
4754:
4457:
4360:
4304:
4212:
4197:
3977:
3972:
3930:
3895:
3695:
3660:
3635:
3284:
3265:
3062:
2179:
2057:
2038:
1763:
1733:
1699:
1222:
Fowler, Michael Ross; Bunck, Julie Marie (1996). "What constitutes the sovereign state?".
840:
805:
757:
732:
600:
218:
1920:
939:
625:, survived in the margins of international relations for decades despite non-recognition.
542:(i.e., they exist both according to law and in practice). However, states which are only
454:
of international law. Almost universal non-recognition by the international community of
345:, however, there are several theories of when a state should be recognised as sovereign.
2571:
2300:
1073:
1054:
adjective ... (of a nation or state) fully independent and determining its own affairs.
278:
from the judicial process, derived from the concepts of sovereignty and the Westphalian
5058:
4597:
4565:
4427:
4365:
4355:
4350:
4170:
4136:
4004:
3954:
3905:
3598:
3345:
1745:
870:
334:
164:
54:
32:
2558:
Robinson, Edward Heath (August 2013). "The Distinction Between State and Government".
751:
233:
Sovereignty has taken on a different meaning with the development of the principle of
5295:
4779:
4619:
4381:
4230:
4093:
3863:
3838:
3681:
3471:
3386:
3299:
2759:
2466:
2458:
1610:
1579:
1362:
1341:
NĂșñez, Jorge Emilio (2013). "About the Impossibility of Absolute State Sovereignty".
1243:
860:
699:
297:
2822:
1580:"Globalization and Sovereignty: Why do States Abandon their Sovereign Prerogatives?"
5179:
5171:
5166:
5131:
4639:
4634:
4545:
4015:
3665:
3641:
3627:
3560:
3441:
3431:
3416:
3381:
1626:
Great Powers and Outlaw States: Unequal Sovereigns in the International Legal Order
1008:
800:
771:
358:
202:
5073:
3133:
3116:
1597:
Turner, Bryan S. (July 2007). "Islam, Religious Revival and the Sovereign State".
1496:
5250:
Used by ten or more countries or having derived terms. Historical derivations in
3207:
3165:
3095:
3056:
2898:
2814:
2520:
2481:
2407:
2172:
2050:
2031:
1951:
1779:
1156:"Statehood and recognition in world politics: Towards a critical research agenda"
4986:
4799:
4744:
4607:
4602:
4592:
4327:
4322:
4220:
4192:
3757:
3752:
3619:
3426:
2751:
2522:
Rethinking Germany and Europe: Democracy and Diplomacy in a Semi-Sovereign State
2051:
Oshisanya, An Almanac of Contemporary and Comperative Judicial Restatement, 2016
865:
719:
559:
372:
223:
109:
65:
36:
3290:
2796:"A documentary theory of states and their existence as quasi-abstract entities"
4686:
4225:
4080:
3779:
3451:
3401:
3371:
3012:
2661:
2148:
2069:
1395:
Lassa Oppenheim, International Law 66 (Sir Arnold D. McNair ed., 4th ed. 1928)
1354:
1235:
1200:
1172:
1155:
747:
587:
415:
not gained by military force. The declarative model was expressed in the 1933
283:
239:
2326:
1633:
603:
system of sovereign and equal states covering every centimeter of the globe.
5105:
5063:
5038:
4896:
4851:
4739:
4681:
4503:
4252:
3066:
2385:"The Nagorno-Karabakh Republic: The life and death of an unrecognized state"
77:
44:
40:
5141:
5136:
1719:, UNESCO Series, Mohammed Bedjaoui(ed), Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1991,
1692:
907:
Philpott, Daniel (1995). "Sovereignty: An Introduction and Brief History".
3238:. p 29 (with reference to Oppenheim in International Law Vol. 1 1905 p110)
2060:
p.64: The ICJ maintained that ... the issue of recognition was apolitical.
1669:
998:
Elements of international law: with a sketch of the history of the science
653:
Policy and Politics in West Germany: The Growth of a Semi-sovereign State,
5201:
5095:
4946:
4891:
4861:
4691:
4614:
4525:
4337:
4115:
3825:
3446:
3436:
3366:
2634:
1405:
Akweenda, Sackey (1997). "Sovereignty in cases of Mandated Territories".
715:
686:
455:
2483:
Policy and Politics in West Germany: The Growth of a Semisovereign State
1531:
1208:
920:
5196:
5121:
4951:
4941:
4881:
4794:
4764:
4696:
4577:
3789:
3590:
3466:
3406:
2967:
2669:
2579:
1407:
International law and the protection of Namibia's territorial integrity
534:
134: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
89:
85:
5226:
5216:
5211:
5146:
5100:
5016:
4886:
4871:
4866:
4856:
4540:
4147:
3729:
3396:
2648:
Fazal, Tanisha M. (2004). "State Death in the International System".
506:
81:
4971:
2173:
James Ker-Lindsay (UN SG's Former Special Representative for Cyprus)
171:, that are either uninhabited or inhabited exclusively or mainly by
3167:
Sovereignty: The Origin and Future of a Political and Legal Concept
1546:"OHCHR | International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights"
1098:
The recognition of states: law and practice in debate and evolution
554:
of several states continued to enjoy diplomatic relations with the
5221:
5206:
5191:
5068:
5053:
5043:
5028:
5006:
5001:
4936:
4734:
4676:
4560:
3411:
3391:
523:
471:
described as the creation of an "illegal racist minority régime".
3313:
5048:
4314:
3652:
3277:
3246:
2851:
Ringmar, Erik (1996). "On the Ontological Status of the State".
2738:
Ringmar, Erik (1996). "On the ontological status of the state".
2519:
Padgett, Stephen; Jeffery, C.; Bulmer, Simon (14 January 2014).
2228:
The Reality of International LawEssays in Honour of Ian Brownlie
558:, notwithstanding that their countries were under occupation by
481:
4828:
4480:
3542:
3525:
3486:
3317:
1889:
Bachmann, Sascha Dov; Prazauskas, Martinas (19 December 2019).
826:
List of sovereign states and dependent territories by continent
4846:
878:, a rare example of a contemporary sovereign, non-state entity
103:
3278:
Links to the best political risk websites, ipoliticalrisk.com
3212:(Second ed.). Macmillan International Higher Education.
2409:
Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law
3298:
3097:
Imperialism, Sovereignty and the Making of International Law
2789:
2787:
647:
was famously applied to West Germany by political scientist
3115:
Butcher, Charles R.; Griffiths, Ryan D. (17 January 2020).
237:
and the prohibition against the threat or use of force as
1628:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 25â61.
735:
and Tufts economist Enrico Spolaore argue in their book,
2226:
Goodwin-Gill, Guy S.; Talmon, Stefan (14 October 1999).
1013:
The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
2779:
Sovereign Statehood: The Basis of International Society
2192:
CzapliĆski, W.; Kleczkowska, A.; Scholar, W.N. (2019).
1748:, Mala Tabory eds., Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1990,
1283:
Talmon, Stefan (2001). "Recognition and its Variants".
1042:(2nd ed.), Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005,
1029:
adj. 1. Self-governing; independent: a sovereign state.
966:(d) capacity to enter into relations with other states'
836:
List of historical unrecognized states and dependencies
68:. A sovereign state can exist without being officially
3011:
Alesina, Alberto; Spolaore, Enrico (7 November 2003).
1998:
Arbitration Commission of the Conference on Yugoslavia
1715:
See B. Broms, "IV Recognition of States", pp 47â48 in
1437:. Secretariat of The Organization of American States.
491:
Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE)
2301:"The List: Six Reasons You May Need A New Atlas Soon"
16:
State that has the highest authority over a territory
2591:
2589:
2261:"De facto Statehood? The Strange Case of Somaliland"
1431:"Chapter IV Fundamental Rights and Duties of States"
5114:
4839:
4717:
4491:
4400:
4374:
4336:
4313:
4251:
4211:
4146:
4114:
4079:
4014:
3991:
3963:
3824:
3806:
3788:
3728:
3705:
3651:
3626:
3612:
3589:
3553:
3061:(2nd printing ed.). Bruce Publishing Company.
2888:
2876:
2406:Grant, John P.; Barker, J. Craig (2 October 2009).
1662:
The State Immunity Controversy in International Law
386:said the following, regarding constitutive theory:
3268:With cases and commentary. Nathaniel Burney, 2007.
3055:Schmandt, Henry J.; Steinbicker, Paul G. (1956) .
2982:"The State of Secession in International Politics"
2084:"Property Spat Over Turk-|Controlled Cyprus Fails"
1461:"Draft Declaration on Rights and Duties of States"
88:" may also refer to a constituent country such as
3309:. Vol. 25 (11th ed.). pp. 799â801.
2872:
2870:
2868:
2866:
463:and attempted to form a state along the lines of
2360:. Les Nouvelles d'Addis Magazine. Archived from
1230:(4). Cambridge University Press (CUP): 381â404.
1015:(4th ed.), Houghton Mifflin Company, 2004,
507:Parliamentary Assembly of Turkic States (TURKPA)
253:Draft Declaration on Rights and Duties of States
1624:Simpson, Gerry (2004). "Sovereign Equalities".
1285:Recognition of Governments in International Law
593:
388:
286:, the powers of the state are considered to be
2682:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of August 2024 (
2331:Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization
2021:United Nations Security Council Resolution 541
2010:United Nations Security Council Resolution 216
1435:Charter of the Organization of American States
1343:International Journal for the Semiotics of Law
528:De facto map of control of the world, May 2019
3498:
3329:
3241:Schmandt, Henry J., and Paul G. Steinbicker.
1717:International law: achievements and prospects
263:their kingdoms on the pragmatic principle of
8:
3274:by Michael Ross Fowler and Julie Marie Bunck
5276:List of administrative divisions by country
3228:Statehood and the Law of Self-determination
3150:The Creation of States in International Law
2853:European Journal of International Relations
2740:European Journal of International Relations
2598:The Creation of States in International Law
1921:"Convention on Rights and Duties of States"
1856:. Cambridge University Press. p. 419.
1744:See Israel Yearbook on Human Rights, 1989,
1409:. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p. 40.
4836:
4825:
4488:
4477:
3550:
3539:
3535:
3522:
3505:
3491:
3483:
3336:
3322:
3314:
2195:Unrecognised Subjects in International Law
2151:The decision of 02.09.2015. paragraph 237.
1829:. The Lawbook Exchange, Ltd. p. 135.
1258:"Countries Not in the United Nations 2024"
1000:. Carey, Lea & Blanchard. p. 51.
477:The European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR)
201:Westphalian sovereignty is the concept of
3132:
2600:(2nd ed.). Oxford: Clarendon Press.
2236:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198268376.003.0023
1823:Lassa Oppenheim, Ronald Roxburgh (2005).
1655:
1653:
1293:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199248391.003.0003
1171:
882:Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations
660:Relationship between state and government
150:Learn how and when to remove this message
2897:Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich (2012) .
2412:. Oxford University Press. p. 552.
2198:. Scholar Publishing House. p. 26.
2072:The decision of 02.07.2013. paragraph 29
977:. Kluwer Law International. p. 20.
209:, and organizations that began with the
2931:. SAGE Publications. pp. 294â295.
2358:"France recognises de facto Somaliland"
1956:. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p.
1773:
1771:
1704:Encyclopedia of American Foreign Policy
1262:World Population by Country 2024 (Live)
899:
831:List of states with limited recognition
449:List of states with limited recognition
324:List of states with limited recognition
2675:
2303:. Foreign Policy Magazine. July 2007.
1781:Sourcebook on Public International Law
1096:Grant, Thomas D. (1999). "Chapter 1".
1091:
1089:
973:Jasentuliyana, Nandasiri, ed. (1995).
945:. Cambridge University Press. p.
591:in early 2024, Laurence Broers wrote:
274:Before 1900, sovereign states enjoyed
3272:What constitutes the sovereign state?
3230:. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2002.
3031:from the original on 17 November 2016
2992:from the original on 17 November 2016
2935:from the original on 17 November 2016
2268:Yale Journal of International Affairs
2138:from the original on 21 October 2023.
2116:from the original on 20 October 2023.
2094:from the original on 21 October 2023.
1062:European Journal of International Law
7:
3073:from the original on 15 January 2023
2539:from the original on 15 January 2023
2500:from the original on 15 January 2023
2426:from the original on 15 January 2023
2307:from the original on 13 January 2009
1980:
1870:from the original on 15 January 2023
1559:from the original on 4 December 2018
1473:from the original on 17 October 2013
1135:from the original on 15 January 2023
132:adding citations to reliable sources
70:recognized by other sovereign states
3259:A Brief Primer on International Law
2383:Broers, Laurence (2 January 2024).
1074:10.1093/oxfordjournals.ejil.a035802
1019:from the original on 7 October 2015
495:Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
1379:Loy. L.A. Int'l & Comp. L. Rev
76:often have difficulty engaging in
14:
3152:. Oxford University Press, 2005.
2706:The Journal of Military Geography
1441:from the original on 9 April 2012
1100:. Westport, Connecticut: Praeger.
975:Perspectives on international law
876:Sovereign Military Order of Malta
499:Economic Cooperation Organization
293:The Schooner Exchange v. M'Faddon
4293:Organized incorporated territory
3188:Recognition in International Law
2929:"The SAGE Handbook of Diplomacy"
2459:10.1111/j.1743-8594.2006.00023.x
2337:from the original on 3 June 2010
2082:Abbott, Ryan (13 October 2014).
1931:from the original on 29 May 2019
1853:Recognition in International Law
1611:10.1111/j.1478-1913.2007.00187.x
1520:American Bar Association Journal
1495:. United Nations. Archived from
1466:. UN Treaty Organization. 1949.
1318:Sovereignty: Organised Hypocrisy
1114:Recognition in International Law
909:Journal of International Affairs
764:
750:
489:gained "observer status" in the
355:constitutive theory of statehood
108:
66:a sovereign state is independent
5281:Slavic administrative divisions
3094:Angie, Antony (26 April 2007).
2903:. Courier Corporation. p.
2895:, trans. J. Sibree ); see also
2889:Schmandt & Steinbicker 1956
2877:Schmandt & Steinbicker 1956
2697:Robinson, Edward Heath (2011).
1224:Review of International Studies
811:List of former sovereign states
710:The state as "spiritual entity"
681:Ontological status of the state
532:Most sovereign states are both
469:United Nations Security Council
408:declarative theory of statehood
119:needs additional citations for
64:It is commonly understood that
4830:Non-English terms or loanwords
4034:Direct-controlled municipality
3191:. Cambridge University Press.
3164:Dieter Grimm (21 April 2015).
3100:. Cambridge University Press.
2480:Katzenstein, Peter J. (1987).
1320:. Princeton University Press.
1039:New Oxford American Dictionary
726:Trends in the number of states
436:Badinter Arbitration Committee
1:
4159:Special administrative region
3170:. Columbia University Press.
3134:10.1080/03050629.2020.1707199
2891:, p. 71 (citing Hegel's
2327:"Overview of De-facto States"
1826:International Law: A Treatise
1784:. Routledge. pp. 201â2.
937:Shaw, Malcolm Nathan (2003).
693:The state as "quasi-abstract"
503:Organization of Turkic States
59:to interact with other states
4059:Mountain resort municipality
3936:Intermediate school district
3919:Educational service district
3775:Regional county municipality
3185:Lauterpacht, Hersch (2012).
2956:International Studies Review
2815:10.1080/14650045.2014.913027
2794:Robinson, Edward H. (2014).
2356:Wiren, Robert (April 2008).
1316:Krasner, Stephen D. (1999).
1111:Lauterpacht, Hersch (2012).
851:Rule according to higher law
574:states. They are considered
4390:Autonomous territorial unit
2781:(London: Allen & Unwin)
2752:10.1177/1354066196002004002
2664:(inactive 27 August 2024).
2486:. Temple University Press.
2230:. Oxford University Press.
1950:Castellino, Joshua (2000).
1850:Hersch Lauterpacht (2012).
581:Outlining the concept of a
431:European Economic Community
412:person in international law
302:United States Supreme Court
5328:
4271:National capital territory
3992:Indian reserve/reservation
3859:Indian government district
3513:Designations for types of
3247:Fundamentals of government
3243:Fundamentals of Government
3209:Modern Political Geography
3121:International Interactions
3058:Fundamentals of Government
2650:International Organization
1660:Bankas, Ernest K. (2005).
1119:Cambridge University Press
562:. Other entities may have
446:
399:
321:
207:multinational corporations
194:
5261:Autonomous administration
5248:
4835:
4824:
4487:
4476:
4266:Federal capital territory
3879:Non-metropolitan district
3869:Local government district
3549:
3538:
3534:
3521:
3352:
2986:E-International Relations
2900:The Philosophy of History
2662:10.1017/S0020818304582048
2525:. Palgrave Macmillan UK.
1355:10.1007/s11196-013-9333-x
1236:10.1017/s0260210500118637
1201:10.1163/1573384X-20180406
1173:10.1177/00108367211007876
269:whose realm, his religion
222:upon." In the opinion of
169:Amazon's tropical forests
4071:Specialized municipality
3748:Consolidated city-county
3297:Barclay, Thomas (1911).
3264:10 November 2016 at the
2178:14 November 2022 at the
2161:The Telegraph 03.02.2017
2056:14 November 2022 at the
1895:The International Lawyer
1762:14 November 2022 at the
1732:14 November 2022 at the
1634:10.1017/CBO9780511494185
1160:Cooperation and Conflict
816:List of sovereign states
781:List of sovereign states
265:cuius regio eius religio
4433:Military exclusion zone
4411:Exclusive economic zone
4176:National capital region
3768:Non-metropolitan county
3515:administrative division
3306:EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica
2712:: 17â29. Archived from
2447:Foreign Policy Analysis
2274:: 60â79. Archived from
2259:Arieff, Alexis (2008).
2088:Courthouse News Service
1996:Opinion No. 10. of the
1189:Iran & the Caucasus
996:Wheaton, Henry (1836).
568:international community
282:. First articulated by
228:High Court of Australia
197:Westphalian sovereignty
191:Westphalian sovereignty
180:international community
4450:Self-administered zone
4288:Incorporated territory
4155:Administrative region
3924:Local service district
3844:Congressional district
3206:Muir, Richard (1981).
1154:Visoka, GĂ«zim (2022).
627:
529:
465:Apartheid South Africa
393:
249:United Nations Charter
4421:Special economic zone
4105:Praetorian prefecture
4089:Autonomous prefecture
4049:Regional municipality
4039:District municipality
3874:Metropolitan district
3738:Administrative county
3720:Residential community
3566:Local government area
3283:1 August 2012 at the
2988:. 23 September 2016.
2893:Philosophy of History
2596:Crawford, J. (2006).
1808:Taming the Sovereigns
1778:Hillier, Tim (1998).
1698:14 April 2019 at the
1670:10.1007/3-540-27883-4
1578:Grinin, L. E (2008).
1195:(4). Brill: 382â407.
963:Montevideo Convention
630:Semi-sovereign states
611:Alexander Iskandaryan
597:post-Second World War
527:
417:Montevideo Convention
410:defines a state as a
402:Montevideo Convention
357:defines a state as a
35:that has the highest
5012:Njësi administrative
4044:Neutral municipality
3983:Subdivision of India
3715:Autonomous community
3604:Metropolitan borough
3544:Common English terms
3422:Night-watchman state
3357:Administrative state
2635:10.3233/AO-2010-0077
1805:Kalevi Jaakko Holsti
1584:Age of Globalization
846:Non-Aligned Movement
656:national security).
637:semi-sovereign state
552:governments-in-exile
311:restrictive immunity
128:improve this article
78:diplomatic relations
72:such as Somaliland.
5307:Political geography
4655:Autonomous republic
4583:Enclave and exclave
4482:Other English terms
4278:Dependent territory
4124:Autonomous province
4054:Resort municipality
4029:County municipality
3816:Overseas department
3763:Metropolitan county
3576:Unincorporated area
3014:The Size of Nations
2719:on 19 February 2018
2572:2013GComp...7..556R
2281:on 13 December 2011
2037:22 May 2018 at the
1499:on 18 February 2011
1287:. pp. 44â112.
992:See the following:
933:See the following:
791:Dependent territory
666:government-in-exile
349:Constitutive theory
211:Peace of Westphalia
94:dependent territory
74:Unrecognized states
5271:Electoral district
4588:Federal dependency
4416:Free economic zone
4300:Overseas territory
4183:Development region
4066:Rural municipality
3999:Indian reservation
3891:Municipal district
3849:Electoral district
3689:Free imperial city
3377:Civilization state
2968:10.1111/misr.12099
2580:10.1111/gec3.12065
619:Yugoslav collapses
530:
467:, a move that the
396:Declarative theory
384:L. F. L. Oppenheim
364:Congress of Vienna
280:equality of states
235:self-determination
53:defines sovereign
5302:International law
5289:
5288:
5244:
5243:
5240:
5239:
4820:
4819:
4816:
4815:
4812:
4811:
4808:
4807:
4472:
4471:
4468:
4467:
4386:Territorial unit
4283:Federal territory
4261:Capital territory
4166:Autonomous region
4130:Overseas province
4024:City municipality
3915:Service district
3911:Sanitary district
3901:Regional district
3886:Military district
3743:Autonomous county
3676:Incorporated city
3480:
3479:
3462:Territorial state
3236:978-90-411-1890-5
3177:978-0-231-53930-2
3160:, pp. 15â24.
3148:Crawford, James.
3141:Chen, Ti-chiang.
3107:978-0-521-82892-5
2914:978-0-486-11900-7
2777:A. James (1986).
2607:978-0-19-826002-8
2560:Geography Compass
2532:978-1-349-58924-1
2493:978-0-87722-264-4
2419:978-0-19-987491-0
2364:on 25 August 2018
2245:978-0-19-826837-6
2205:978-83-7383-964-9
1967:978-90-411-1409-9
1909:– via SSRN.
1836:978-1-58477-609-3
1791:978-1-85941-050-9
1679:978-3-540-25695-3
1643:978-0-521-82761-4
1416:978-90-411-0412-0
1327:978-0-691-00711-3
1302:978-0-19-924839-1
1049:978-0-19-517077-1
961:Article 1 of the
956:978-0-5215-3183-2
941:International law
856:Stateless society
820:by formation date
796:Exclusive mandate
651:in his 1987 book
649:Peter Katzenstein
443:State recognition
406:By contrast, the
343:international law
276:absolute immunity
245:international law
185:international law
173:indigenous people
160:
159:
152:
51:International law
25:sovereign country
5319:
4877:Regierungsbezirk
4837:
4826:
4489:
4478:
4440:Free speech zone
4346:Charter township
4099:Super-prefecture
3943:Special district
3854:Federal district
3834:Capital district
3798:Overseas country
3671:Independent city
3642:Imperial capital
3581:Unorganized area
3551:
3540:
3536:
3523:
3507:
3500:
3493:
3484:
3362:Capitalist state
3338:
3331:
3324:
3315:
3310:
3302:
3223:
3202:
3181:
3138:
3136:
3111:
3082:
3080:
3078:
3041:
3040:
3038:
3036:
3008:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2997:
2978:
2972:
2971:
2951:
2945:
2944:
2942:
2940:
2925:
2919:
2918:
2886:
2880:
2874:
2861:
2860:
2848:
2842:
2841:
2839:
2837:
2831:
2825:. Archived from
2800:
2791:
2782:
2775:
2769:
2763:
2735:
2729:
2728:
2726:
2724:
2718:
2703:
2694:
2688:
2687:
2681:
2673:
2645:
2639:
2638:
2623:Applied Ontology
2618:
2612:
2611:
2593:
2584:
2583:
2555:
2549:
2548:
2546:
2544:
2516:
2510:
2509:
2507:
2505:
2477:
2471:
2470:
2442:
2436:
2435:
2433:
2431:
2403:
2397:
2396:
2394:
2392:
2380:
2374:
2373:
2371:
2369:
2353:
2347:
2346:
2344:
2342:
2323:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2312:
2297:
2291:
2290:
2288:
2286:
2280:
2265:
2256:
2250:
2249:
2223:
2217:
2216:
2214:
2212:
2189:
2183:
2170:
2164:
2158:
2152:
2146:
2140:
2139:
2124:
2118:
2117:
2102:
2096:
2095:
2079:
2073:
2067:
2061:
2048:
2042:
2029:
2023:
2018:
2012:
2007:
2001:
1994:
1988:
1978:
1972:
1971:
1947:
1941:
1940:
1938:
1936:
1917:
1911:
1910:
1908:
1906:
1886:
1880:
1879:
1877:
1875:
1847:
1841:
1840:
1820:
1814:
1802:
1796:
1795:
1775:
1766:
1742:
1736:
1713:
1707:
1690:
1684:
1683:
1657:
1648:
1647:
1621:
1615:
1614:
1599:The Muslim World
1594:
1588:
1587:
1575:
1569:
1568:
1566:
1564:
1558:
1542:
1536:
1535:
1515:
1509:
1508:
1506:
1504:
1489:
1483:
1482:
1480:
1478:
1472:
1465:
1457:
1451:
1450:
1448:
1446:
1427:
1421:
1420:
1402:
1396:
1393:
1387:
1386:
1373:
1367:
1366:
1338:
1332:
1331:
1313:
1307:
1306:
1280:
1274:
1273:
1271:
1269:
1254:
1248:
1247:
1219:
1213:
1212:
1184:
1178:
1177:
1175:
1151:
1145:
1144:
1142:
1140:
1108:
1102:
1101:
1093:
1084:
1081:
1056:
1031:
1026:
1024:
1004:
990:
984:
981:
968:
944:
931:
925:
924:
904:
786:Associated state
774:
769:
768:
760:
755:
754:
737:Size of Nations,
672:State extinction
548:Second World War
487:Turkish Cypriots
434:Opinions of the
296:, Chief Justice
288:suprema potestas
243:norms of modern
155:
148:
144:
141:
135:
112:
104:
5327:
5326:
5322:
5321:
5320:
5318:
5317:
5316:
5292:
5291:
5290:
5285:
5266:Census division
5236:
5110:
4831:
4804:
4755:Imperial Circle
4713:
4483:
4464:
4458:Free-trade zone
4396:
4370:
4361:Survey township
4332:
4309:
4305:Union territory
4247:
4242:Sovereign state
4207:
4198:Overseas region
4142:
4110:
4075:
4010:
4001:(United States)
3987:
3978:Police division
3973:Census division
3959:
3931:School district
3896:Police district
3820:
3802:
3784:
3724:
3701:
3696:Royal free city
3661:Autonomous city
3647:
3636:Federal capital
3622:
3608:
3585:
3545:
3530:
3517:
3511:
3481:
3476:
3457:Sovereign state
3348:
3342:
3296:
3285:Wayback Machine
3266:Wayback Machine
3255:
3220:
3205:
3199:
3184:
3178:
3163:
3145:. London, 1951.
3114:
3108:
3093:
3090:
3088:Further reading
3085:
3076:
3074:
3054:
3050:
3045:
3044:
3034:
3032:
3025:
3010:
3009:
3005:
2995:
2993:
2980:
2979:
2975:
2953:
2952:
2948:
2938:
2936:
2927:
2926:
2922:
2915:
2896:
2887:
2883:
2875:
2864:
2850:
2849:
2845:
2835:
2833:
2832:on 3 March 2016
2829:
2798:
2793:
2792:
2785:
2776:
2772:
2737:
2736:
2732:
2722:
2720:
2716:
2701:
2696:
2695:
2691:
2674:
2647:
2646:
2642:
2620:
2619:
2615:
2608:
2595:
2594:
2587:
2557:
2556:
2552:
2542:
2540:
2533:
2518:
2517:
2513:
2503:
2501:
2494:
2479:
2478:
2474:
2444:
2443:
2439:
2429:
2427:
2420:
2405:
2404:
2400:
2390:
2388:
2382:
2381:
2377:
2367:
2365:
2355:
2354:
2350:
2340:
2338:
2325:
2324:
2320:
2310:
2308:
2299:
2298:
2294:
2284:
2282:
2278:
2263:
2258:
2257:
2253:
2246:
2225:
2224:
2220:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2191:
2190:
2186:
2180:Wayback Machine
2171:
2167:
2159:
2155:
2147:
2143:
2126:
2125:
2121:
2104:
2103:
2099:
2081:
2080:
2076:
2068:
2064:
2058:Wayback Machine
2049:
2045:
2039:Wayback Machine
2030:
2026:
2019:
2015:
2008:
2004:
1995:
1991:
1979:
1975:
1968:
1949:
1948:
1944:
1934:
1932:
1919:
1918:
1914:
1904:
1902:
1888:
1887:
1883:
1873:
1871:
1864:
1849:
1848:
1844:
1837:
1822:
1821:
1817:
1803:
1799:
1792:
1777:
1776:
1769:
1764:Wayback Machine
1756:, page 135-136
1743:
1739:
1734:Wayback Machine
1714:
1710:
1700:Wayback Machine
1691:
1687:
1680:
1659:
1658:
1651:
1644:
1623:
1622:
1618:
1596:
1595:
1591:
1577:
1576:
1572:
1562:
1560:
1556:
1544:
1543:
1539:
1517:
1516:
1512:
1502:
1500:
1491:
1490:
1486:
1476:
1474:
1470:
1463:
1459:
1458:
1454:
1444:
1442:
1429:
1428:
1424:
1417:
1404:
1403:
1399:
1394:
1390:
1375:
1374:
1370:
1340:
1339:
1335:
1328:
1315:
1314:
1310:
1303:
1282:
1281:
1277:
1267:
1265:
1256:
1255:
1251:
1221:
1220:
1216:
1186:
1185:
1181:
1153:
1152:
1148:
1138:
1136:
1129:
1110:
1109:
1105:
1095:
1094:
1087:
1059:
1050:
1034:
1022:
1020:
1007:
995:
991:
987:
972:
957:
936:
932:
928:
906:
905:
901:
896:
891:
886:
841:Nation-building
806:Federated state
770:
763:
758:Politics portal
756:
749:
746:
733:Alberto Alesina
728:
712:
695:
683:
674:
662:
632:
606:
522:
451:
445:
404:
398:
351:
326:
320:
219:Lassa Oppenheim
199:
193:
178:Currently, the
165:nomadic peoples
156:
145:
139:
136:
125:
113:
102:
21:sovereign state
17:
12:
11:
5:
5325:
5323:
5315:
5314:
5309:
5304:
5294:
5293:
5287:
5286:
5284:
5283:
5278:
5273:
5268:
5263:
5258:
5249:
5246:
5245:
5242:
5241:
5238:
5237:
5235:
5234:
5229:
5224:
5219:
5214:
5209:
5204:
5199:
5194:
5189:
5188:
5187:
5182:
5174:
5169:
5164:
5163:
5162:
5154:
5149:
5144:
5139:
5134:
5129:
5124:
5118:
5116:
5112:
5111:
5109:
5108:
5103:
5098:
5093:
5092:
5091:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5025:
5024:
5014:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4994:
4989:
4984:
4983:
4982:
4974:
4969:
4968:
4967:
4962:
4954:
4949:
4944:
4939:
4934:
4929:
4928:
4927:
4922:
4917:
4912:
4904:
4899:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4843:
4841:
4833:
4832:
4829:
4822:
4821:
4818:
4817:
4814:
4813:
4810:
4809:
4806:
4805:
4803:
4802:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4777:
4772:
4767:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4727:
4721:
4719:
4715:
4714:
4712:
4711:
4706:
4705:
4704:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4673:
4672:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4611:
4610:
4600:
4595:
4590:
4585:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4569:
4568:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4517:
4516:
4506:
4501:
4495:
4493:
4485:
4484:
4481:
4474:
4473:
4470:
4469:
4466:
4465:
4463:
4462:
4461:
4460:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4436:
4435:
4428:Exclusion zone
4425:
4424:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4407:Economic zone
4404:
4402:
4398:
4397:
4395:
4394:
4393:
4392:
4384:
4378:
4376:
4372:
4371:
4369:
4368:
4366:Urban township
4363:
4358:
4356:Paper township
4353:
4351:Civil township
4348:
4342:
4340:
4334:
4333:
4331:
4330:
4325:
4319:
4317:
4311:
4310:
4308:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4296:
4295:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4274:
4273:
4268:
4257:
4255:
4249:
4248:
4246:
4245:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4217:
4215:
4209:
4208:
4206:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4179:
4178:
4171:Capital region
4168:
4163:
4162:
4161:
4152:
4150:
4144:
4143:
4141:
4140:
4137:Roman province
4133:
4126:
4120:
4118:
4112:
4111:
4109:
4108:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4085:
4083:
4077:
4076:
4074:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4062:
4061:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4020:
4018:
4012:
4011:
4009:
4008:
4005:Indian reserve
4002:
3995:
3993:
3989:
3988:
3986:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3969:
3967:
3961:
3960:
3958:
3957:
3955:Urban district
3952:
3951:
3950:
3940:
3939:
3938:
3928:
3927:
3926:
3921:
3913:
3908:
3906:Rural district
3903:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3882:
3881:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3830:
3828:
3822:
3821:
3819:
3818:
3812:
3810:
3804:
3803:
3801:
3800:
3794:
3792:
3786:
3785:
3783:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3771:
3770:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3734:
3732:
3726:
3725:
3723:
3722:
3717:
3711:
3709:
3703:
3702:
3700:
3699:
3692:
3685:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3657:
3655:
3649:
3648:
3646:
3645:
3638:
3632:
3630:
3624:
3623:
3618:
3616:
3610:
3609:
3607:
3606:
3601:
3599:County borough
3595:
3593:
3587:
3586:
3584:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3557:
3555:
3547:
3546:
3543:
3532:
3531:
3526:
3519:
3518:
3512:
3510:
3509:
3502:
3495:
3487:
3478:
3477:
3475:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3353:
3350:
3349:
3343:
3341:
3340:
3333:
3326:
3318:
3312:
3311:
3294:
3288:
3275:
3269:
3254:
3253:External links
3251:
3250:
3249:
3239:
3224:
3218:
3203:
3197:
3182:
3176:
3161:
3146:
3139:
3127:(2): 291â308.
3112:
3106:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3083:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3043:
3042:
3023:
3003:
2973:
2946:
2920:
2913:
2881:
2862:
2843:
2809:(3): 461â489.
2783:
2770:
2746:(4): 439â466.
2730:
2689:
2656:(2): 311â344.
2640:
2629:(2): 109â125.
2613:
2606:
2585:
2566:(8): 556â566.
2550:
2531:
2511:
2492:
2472:
2453:(2): 117â136.
2437:
2418:
2398:
2375:
2348:
2318:
2292:
2251:
2244:
2218:
2204:
2184:
2165:
2153:
2141:
2119:
2097:
2074:
2062:
2043:
2024:
2013:
2002:
1989:
1973:
1966:
1942:
1912:
1881:
1862:
1842:
1835:
1815:
1797:
1790:
1767:
1746:Yoram Dinstein
1737:
1708:
1685:
1678:
1649:
1642:
1616:
1605:(3): 405â418.
1589:
1570:
1537:
1526:(5): 463â469.
1510:
1484:
1452:
1422:
1415:
1397:
1388:
1368:
1349:(4): 645â664.
1333:
1326:
1308:
1301:
1275:
1264:. 26 June 1945
1249:
1214:
1179:
1166:(2): 133â151.
1146:
1127:
1121:. p. 64.
1103:
1085:
1083:
1082:
1068:(1): 178â185.
1057:
1048:
1032:
1005:
985:
983:
982:
970:
955:
926:
915:(2): 353â368.
898:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
884:
879:
873:
871:Princely state
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
777:
776:
775:
761:
745:
742:
727:
724:
711:
708:
694:
691:
682:
679:
673:
670:
661:
658:
645:semi-sovereign
631:
628:
521:
511:
444:
441:
400:Main article:
397:
394:
350:
347:
319:
316:
195:Main article:
192:
189:
158:
157:
116:
114:
107:
101:
98:
27:, or simply a
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5324:
5313:
5310:
5308:
5305:
5303:
5300:
5299:
5297:
5282:
5279:
5277:
5274:
5272:
5269:
5267:
5264:
5262:
5259:
5256:
5255:
5253:
5247:
5233:
5230:
5228:
5225:
5223:
5220:
5218:
5215:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5205:
5203:
5200:
5198:
5195:
5193:
5190:
5186:
5183:
5181:
5178:
5177:
5175:
5173:
5170:
5168:
5165:
5161:
5158:
5157:
5155:
5153:
5150:
5148:
5145:
5143:
5140:
5138:
5135:
5133:
5130:
5128:
5125:
5123:
5120:
5119:
5117:
5113:
5107:
5104:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5094:
5090:
5087:
5086:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5027:
5023:
5020:
5019:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4998:
4995:
4993:
4990:
4988:
4985:
4981:
4978:
4977:
4975:
4973:
4970:
4966:
4963:
4961:
4958:
4957:
4956:Kommun/Kunta
4955:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4930:
4926:
4923:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4911:
4908:
4907:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4844:
4842:
4838:
4834:
4827:
4823:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4780:Roman diocese
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4722:
4720:
4716:
4710:
4707:
4703:
4700:
4699:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4671:
4668:
4667:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4620:Neighbourhood
4618:
4616:
4613:
4609:
4606:
4605:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4571:
4567:
4564:
4563:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4515:
4512:
4511:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4499:Alpine resort
4497:
4496:
4494:
4490:
4486:
4479:
4475:
4459:
4456:
4455:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4434:
4431:
4430:
4429:
4426:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4408:
4406:
4405:
4403:
4399:
4391:
4388:
4387:
4385:
4383:
4382:Regional unit
4380:
4379:
4377:
4373:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4343:
4341:
4339:
4335:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4320:
4318:
4316:
4312:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4294:
4291:
4290:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4263:
4262:
4259:
4258:
4256:
4254:
4250:
4244:
4243:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4231:Federal state
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4218:
4216:
4214:
4210:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4177:
4174:
4173:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4160:
4157:
4156:
4154:
4153:
4151:
4149:
4145:
4139:
4138:
4134:
4132:
4131:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4121:
4119:
4117:
4113:
4107:
4106:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4094:Subprefecture
4092:
4090:
4087:
4086:
4084:
4082:
4078:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4060:
4057:
4056:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4021:
4019:
4017:
4013:
4006:
4003:
4000:
3997:
3996:
3994:
3990:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3970:
3968:
3966:
3962:
3956:
3953:
3949:
3946:
3945:
3944:
3941:
3937:
3934:
3933:
3932:
3929:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3916:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3880:
3877:
3876:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3864:Land district
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3839:City district
3837:
3835:
3832:
3831:
3829:
3827:
3823:
3817:
3814:
3813:
3811:
3809:
3805:
3799:
3796:
3795:
3793:
3791:
3787:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3769:
3766:
3765:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3735:
3733:
3731:
3727:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3712:
3710:
3708:
3704:
3698:
3697:
3693:
3691:
3690:
3686:
3684:
3683:
3682:Imperial city
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3658:
3656:
3654:
3650:
3644:
3643:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3633:
3631:
3629:
3625:
3621:
3617:
3615:
3611:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3596:
3594:
3592:
3588:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3558:
3556:
3552:
3548:
3541:
3537:
3533:
3529:
3528:English terms
3524:
3520:
3516:
3508:
3503:
3501:
3496:
3494:
3489:
3488:
3485:
3473:
3472:Welfare state
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3387:Confederation
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3354:
3351:
3347:
3339:
3334:
3332:
3327:
3325:
3320:
3319:
3316:
3308:
3307:
3301:
3300:"State"
3295:
3292:
3289:
3286:
3282:
3279:
3276:
3273:
3270:
3267:
3263:
3260:
3257:
3256:
3252:
3248:
3244:
3240:
3237:
3233:
3229:
3225:
3221:
3219:9781349860760
3215:
3211:
3210:
3204:
3200:
3198:9781107609433
3194:
3190:
3189:
3183:
3179:
3173:
3169:
3168:
3162:
3159:
3158:0-19-825402-4
3155:
3151:
3147:
3144:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3126:
3122:
3118:
3113:
3109:
3103:
3099:
3098:
3092:
3091:
3087:
3072:
3068:
3064:
3060:
3059:
3053:
3052:
3047:
3030:
3026:
3024:9780262012041
3020:
3017:. MIT Press.
3016:
3015:
3007:
3004:
2991:
2987:
2983:
2977:
2974:
2969:
2965:
2962:(1): 79â106.
2961:
2957:
2950:
2947:
2934:
2930:
2924:
2921:
2916:
2910:
2906:
2902:
2901:
2894:
2890:
2885:
2882:
2878:
2873:
2871:
2869:
2867:
2863:
2858:
2854:
2847:
2844:
2828:
2824:
2820:
2816:
2812:
2808:
2804:
2797:
2790:
2788:
2784:
2780:
2774:
2771:
2767:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2741:
2734:
2731:
2715:
2711:
2707:
2700:
2693:
2690:
2685:
2679:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2644:
2641:
2636:
2632:
2628:
2624:
2617:
2614:
2609:
2603:
2599:
2592:
2590:
2586:
2581:
2577:
2573:
2569:
2565:
2561:
2554:
2551:
2538:
2534:
2528:
2524:
2523:
2515:
2512:
2499:
2495:
2489:
2485:
2484:
2476:
2473:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2456:
2452:
2448:
2441:
2438:
2425:
2421:
2415:
2411:
2410:
2402:
2399:
2386:
2379:
2376:
2363:
2359:
2352:
2349:
2336:
2333:. July 2008.
2332:
2328:
2322:
2319:
2306:
2302:
2296:
2293:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2262:
2255:
2252:
2247:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2229:
2222:
2219:
2207:
2201:
2197:
2196:
2188:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2174:
2169:
2166:
2162:
2157:
2154:
2150:
2145:
2142:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2123:
2120:
2115:
2111:
2107:
2101:
2098:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2078:
2075:
2071:
2066:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2052:
2047:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2033:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2017:
2014:
2011:
2006:
2003:
1999:
1993:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1977:
1974:
1969:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1954:
1946:
1943:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1916:
1913:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1885:
1882:
1869:
1865:
1863:9781107609433
1859:
1855:
1854:
1846:
1843:
1838:
1832:
1828:
1827:
1819:
1816:
1812:
1809:
1806:
1801:
1798:
1793:
1787:
1783:
1782:
1774:
1772:
1768:
1765:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1754:0-7923-0450-0
1751:
1747:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1725:92-3-102716-6
1722:
1718:
1712:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1694:
1693:"Recognition"
1689:
1686:
1681:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1656:
1654:
1650:
1645:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1620:
1617:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1593:
1590:
1585:
1581:
1574:
1571:
1555:
1551:
1550:www.ohchr.org
1547:
1541:
1538:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1514:
1511:
1498:
1494:
1488:
1485:
1469:
1462:
1456:
1453:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1426:
1423:
1418:
1412:
1408:
1401:
1398:
1392:
1389:
1384:
1380:
1372:
1369:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1337:
1334:
1329:
1323:
1319:
1312:
1309:
1304:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1279:
1276:
1263:
1259:
1253:
1250:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1218:
1215:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1183:
1180:
1174:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1150:
1147:
1134:
1130:
1128:9781107609433
1124:
1120:
1116:
1115:
1107:
1104:
1099:
1092:
1090:
1086:
1080:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1058:
1055:
1051:
1045:
1041:
1040:
1035:"sovereign",
1033:
1030:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1003:
999:
994:
993:
989:
986:
980:
976:
971:
967:
964:
958:
952:
948:
943:
942:
935:
934:
930:
927:
922:
918:
914:
910:
903:
900:
893:
888:
883:
880:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
861:Unitary state
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
821:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
778:
773:
767:
762:
759:
753:
748:
743:
741:
738:
734:
725:
723:
721:
717:
709:
707:
703:
701:
700:Documentality
692:
690:
688:
680:
678:
671:
669:
667:
659:
657:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
629:
626:
624:
620:
616:
612:
607:
604:
602:
601:post-colonial
598:
592:
590:
589:
584:
579:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
536:
526:
519:
515:
512:
510:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
483:
478:
472:
470:
466:
462:
457:
450:
442:
440:
438:
437:
432:
427:
424:
420:
418:
413:
409:
403:
395:
392:
387:
385:
380:
376:
374:
369:
365:
360:
356:
348:
346:
344:
339:
336:
330:
325:
317:
315:
312:
306:
303:
299:
298:John Marshall
295:
294:
289:
285:
281:
277:
272:
270:
266:
260:
256:
254:
250:
246:
242:
241:
236:
231:
229:
225:
220:
214:
212:
208:
204:
198:
190:
188:
186:
181:
176:
174:
170:
166:
154:
151:
143:
133:
129:
123:
122:
117:This section
115:
111:
106:
105:
99:
97:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
62:
60:
56:
52:
48:
46:
42:
38:
34:
30:
26:
22:
5251:
5172:Maalaiskunta
5132:Heerlijkheid
4972:LĂ€n (Sweden)
4640:Protectorate
4635:Principality
4556:Constituency
4445:Neutral zone
4241:
4240:
4135:
4128:
4103:
4016:Municipality
3694:
3687:
3680:
3666:Charter city
3640:
3571:Special area
3561:Insular area
3456:
3442:Principality
3432:Pariah state
3417:Nation state
3382:Client state
3304:
3242:
3227:
3208:
3187:
3166:
3149:
3142:
3124:
3120:
3096:
3075:. Retrieved
3057:
3033:. Retrieved
3013:
3006:
2994:. Retrieved
2985:
2976:
2959:
2955:
2949:
2937:. Retrieved
2923:
2899:
2892:
2884:
2879:, p. 71
2856:
2852:
2846:
2836:16 September
2834:. Retrieved
2827:the original
2806:
2802:
2778:
2773:
2743:
2739:
2733:
2721:. Retrieved
2714:the original
2709:
2705:
2692:
2678:cite journal
2653:
2649:
2643:
2626:
2622:
2616:
2597:
2563:
2559:
2553:
2541:. Retrieved
2521:
2514:
2502:. Retrieved
2482:
2475:
2450:
2446:
2440:
2428:. Retrieved
2408:
2401:
2389:. Retrieved
2387:. EurasiaNet
2378:
2366:. Retrieved
2362:the original
2351:
2339:. Retrieved
2321:
2309:. Retrieved
2295:
2283:. Retrieved
2276:the original
2271:
2267:
2254:
2227:
2221:
2209:. Retrieved
2194:
2187:
2168:
2156:
2144:
2131:
2122:
2109:
2100:
2087:
2077:
2065:
2046:
2027:
2016:
2005:
1992:
1976:
1952:
1945:
1933:. Retrieved
1924:
1915:
1903:. Retrieved
1901:(3): 400â410
1898:
1894:
1884:
1872:. Retrieved
1852:
1845:
1825:
1818:
1807:
1800:
1780:
1740:
1716:
1711:
1703:
1688:
1661:
1625:
1619:
1602:
1598:
1592:
1583:
1573:
1561:. Retrieved
1549:
1540:
1523:
1519:
1513:
1501:. Retrieved
1497:the original
1487:
1475:. Retrieved
1455:
1443:. Retrieved
1434:
1425:
1406:
1400:
1391:
1382:
1378:
1371:
1346:
1342:
1336:
1317:
1311:
1284:
1278:
1266:. Retrieved
1261:
1252:
1227:
1223:
1217:
1192:
1188:
1182:
1163:
1159:
1149:
1137:. Retrieved
1113:
1106:
1097:
1077:
1065:
1061:
1053:
1036:
1028:
1021:, retrieved
1012:
1001:
997:
988:
978:
974:
960:
940:
929:
912:
908:
902:
801:Failed state
772:World portal
736:
729:
718:philosopher
713:
704:
696:
684:
675:
663:
652:
644:
640:
636:
633:
608:
605:
594:
586:
582:
580:
575:
571:
563:
543:
539:
533:
531:
517:
513:
473:
461:seized power
452:
433:
428:
425:
421:
407:
405:
389:
381:
377:
373:great powers
354:
352:
340:
335:Czechoslovak
331:
327:
307:
291:
287:
273:
264:
261:
257:
238:
232:
215:
203:nation-state
200:
177:
161:
146:
137:
126:Please help
121:verification
118:
84:, the term "
63:
49:
28:
24:
20:
18:
5312:Sovereignty
5167:Landskommun
5059:SavivaldybÄ
4925:Switzerland
4920:South Tyrol
4800:Viceroyalty
4593:Governorate
4551:Condominium
4454:Trade zone
4328:Market town
4323:Census town
4221:Proto-state
4193:Microregion
3758:County town
3753:County seat
3620:Half-canton
3427:Quasi-state
3077:17 November
3035:16 November
2996:16 November
2939:17 November
2803:Geopolitics
1925:www.oas.org
1503:21 November
1477:21 November
1445:21 November
1023:21 February
1009:"sovereign"
866:Quasi-state
720:Georg Hegel
687:ontological
570:to be only
560:Axis powers
505:(OTS), the
501:(ECO), the
497:(OIC), the
318:Recognition
224:H. V. Evatt
37:sovereignty
5296:Categories
5115:Historical
5079:ShahrestÄn
5022:Autonomous
4770:Presidency
4718:Historical
4687:Suzerainty
4670:Autonomous
4514:Autonomous
4236:Free state
4226:City-state
4188:Mesoregion
4081:Prefecture
3808:Department
3452:Rump state
3402:Federation
3372:City-state
2211:5 February
1983:, p.
1385:: 85â142 .
1139:19 January
889:References
588:EurasiaNet
585:state for
447:See also:
322:See also:
284:Jean Bodin
240:jus cogens
5156:Landskap
5152:LÀn/LÀÀni
5106:Vingtaine
5074:Seniƫnija
5064:Selsoviet
5039:Poblacion
4976:Landskap
4906:Gemeinde
4897:Freguesia
4852:Apskritis
4775:Residency
4740:Exarchate
4682:Sultanate
4573:Eldership
4504:Bailiwick
4253:Territory
4203:Subregion
3948:in the US
3780:Viscounty
3707:Community
3344:Types of
3226:RaiÄ, D.
3067:43450205M
2766:full text
2760:145248100
2467:153926665
2391:4 January
2368:4 January
2341:4 January
2311:4 January
2285:4 January
1981:Shaw 2003
1874:13 August
1363:150817547
1244:145809847
894:Citations
509:, etc.).
382:In 1912,
368:Final Act
213:in 1648.
45:territory
41:authority
5257:See also
4992:Maakunta
4987:LocalitĂ
4932:Gemeente
4892:Frazione
4862:Barangay
4692:Townland
4630:Precinct
4615:Muftiate
4566:District
4526:Cadastre
4338:Township
4116:Province
4007:(Canada)
3965:Division
3826:District
3447:Republic
3437:Politeia
3367:Chiefdom
3281:Archived
3262:Archived
3071:Archived
3029:Archived
2990:Archived
2933:Archived
2823:67844415
2537:Archived
2498:Archived
2424:Archived
2335:Archived
2305:Archived
2176:Archived
2136:Archived
2114:Archived
2092:Archived
2054:Archived
2035:Archived
1935:11 March
1929:Archived
1868:Archived
1760:Archived
1730:Archived
1696:Archived
1554:Archived
1532:25722375
1468:Archived
1439:Archived
1209:26626701
1133:Archived
1017:archived
921:24357595
744:See also
716:Idealist
641:de facto
583:de facto
572:de facto
564:de facto
540:de facto
514:De facto
456:Rhodesia
271:]."
140:May 2023
5252:italics
5212:Satrapy
5197:Pargana
5122:Commote
4980:Finland
4960:Finland
4952:Kampong
4942:Hromada
4915:Germany
4910:Austria
4882:Comarca
4840:Current
4795:Tithing
4765:Monthon
4750:Hundred
4697:Village
4650:Regency
4645:Quarter
4578:Emirate
4546:Commune
4536:Circuit
4492:Current
3790:Country
3628:Capital
3591:Borough
3467:Warlord
3412:Kingdom
3407:Khanate
3048:Sources
2670:3877860
2568:Bibcode
2543:7 March
2504:7 March
2430:7 March
1563:2 March
1268:2 March
576:de jure
544:de jure
535:de jure
518:de jure
300:of the
226:of the
100:History
92:, or a
90:England
86:country
43:over a
31:, is a
29:country
5227:Syssel
5217:Socken
5185:Greece
5160:Sweden
5147:Korale
5142:Köping
5137:Komunë
5101:Tehsil
5017:Oblast
4965:Sweden
4887:Comune
4872:Bezirk
4867:Bashki
4857:Bakhsh
4730:Barony
4725:Agency
4702:Summer
4665:Sector
4660:Riding
4625:Parish
4598:Hamlet
4541:Colony
4531:Circle
4509:Banner
4148:Region
3730:County
3614:Canton
3397:Empire
3234:
3216:
3195:
3174:
3156:
3104:
3065:
3021:
2911:
2821:
2758:
2723:6 June
2668:
2604:
2529:
2490:
2465:
2416:
2242:
2202:
2132:Justia
2110:Justia
1964:
1905:19 May
1860:
1833:
1811:p. 128
1788:
1752:
1723:
1676:
1640:
1530:
1413:
1361:
1324:
1299:
1242:
1207:
1125:
1046:
953:
919:
615:Soviet
556:Allies
520:states
366:, the
359:person
251:, the
247:. The
82:polity
55:states
5222:Subah
5207:Rreth
5202:PlasÄ
5192:Pagus
5180:Egypt
5176:Nome
5096:SĂœsla
5089:China
5069:Sitio
5054:Raion
5044:Purok
5034:OstÄn
5029:Okrug
5007:Mukim
5002:Muban
4997:Megye
4947:JudeÈ
4937:Gmina
4790:Tenth
4760:March
4735:Burgh
4677:Shire
4608:Royal
4603:Manor
4561:Duchy
4521:Block
4213:State
3392:Duchy
3346:state
3293:(PDF)
2830:(PDF)
2819:S2CID
2799:(PDF)
2756:S2CID
2717:(PDF)
2702:(PDF)
2666:JSTOR
2463:S2CID
2279:(PDF)
2264:(PDF)
2149:ECtHR
2070:ECtHR
1557:(PDF)
1528:JSTOR
1471:(PDF)
1464:(PDF)
1359:S2CID
1240:S2CID
1205:JSTOR
917:JSTOR
267:[
33:state
5232:Zhou
5049:Qark
4785:Seat
4745:Hide
4709:Ward
4401:Zone
4375:Unit
4315:Town
3653:City
3554:Area
3232:ISBN
3214:ISBN
3193:ISBN
3172:ISBN
3154:ISBN
3102:ISBN
3079:2017
3037:2016
3019:ISBN
2998:2016
2941:2016
2909:ISBN
2859:(2).
2838:2014
2725:2013
2684:link
2602:ISBN
2545:2022
2527:ISBN
2506:2022
2488:ISBN
2432:2022
2414:ISBN
2393:2024
2370:2010
2343:2010
2313:2010
2287:2010
2240:ISBN
2213:2024
2200:ISBN
1962:ISBN
1937:2015
1907:2020
1876:2015
1858:ISBN
1831:ISBN
1786:ISBN
1750:ISBN
1721:ISBN
1674:ISBN
1638:ISBN
1586:(1).
1565:2021
1505:2010
1479:2010
1447:2010
1411:ISBN
1322:ISBN
1297:ISBN
1270:2024
1141:2018
1123:ISBN
1044:ISBN
1037:The
1025:2010
951:ISBN
685:The
617:and
599:and
538:and
516:and
482:TRNC
391:Law.
353:The
23:, a
5127:Gau
5084:Sum
4847:Amt
3129:doi
2964:doi
2811:doi
2748:doi
2658:doi
2631:doi
2576:doi
2455:doi
2232:doi
2032:BBC
1985:369
1666:doi
1630:doi
1607:doi
1351:doi
1289:doi
1232:doi
1197:doi
1168:doi
1070:doi
947:178
623:NKR
341:In
130:by
39:or
5298::
5254:.
4902:Fu
3303:.
3125:46
3123:.
3119:.
3069:.
3063:OL
3027:.
2984:.
2960:16
2958:.
2907:.
2905:39
2865:^
2857:10
2855:.
2817:.
2807:19
2805:.
2801:.
2786:^
2754:.
2742:.
2708:.
2704:.
2680:}}
2676:{{
2654:58
2652:.
2625:.
2588:^
2574:.
2562:.
2535:.
2496:.
2461:.
2449:.
2422:.
2329:.
2270:.
2266:.
2238:.
2134:.
2130:.
2112:.
2108:.
2090:.
2086:.
1960:.
1958:77
1927:.
1923:.
1899:52
1897:.
1893:.
1866:.
1770:^
1702:,
1672:.
1664:.
1652:^
1636:.
1603:97
1601:.
1582:.
1552:.
1548:.
1524:49
1522:.
1433:.
1383:31
1381:.
1357:.
1347:27
1345:.
1295:.
1260:.
1238:.
1228:22
1226:.
1203:.
1193:22
1191:.
1164:57
1162:.
1158:.
1131:.
1117:.
1088:^
1076:.
1064:.
1052:,
1027:,
1011:,
959:.
949:.
913:48
911:.
550:,
419:.
375:.
96:.
61:.
47:.
19:A
3506:e
3499:t
3492:v
3337:e
3330:t
3323:v
3222:.
3201:.
3180:.
3137:.
3131::
3110:.
3081:.
3039:.
3000:.
2970:.
2966::
2943:.
2917:.
2840:.
2813::
2768:)
2764:(
2762:.
2750::
2744:2
2727:.
2710:1
2686:)
2672:.
2660::
2637:.
2633::
2627:5
2610:.
2582:.
2578::
2570::
2564:7
2547:.
2508:.
2469:.
2457::
2451:2
2434:.
2395:.
2372:.
2345:.
2315:.
2289:.
2272:3
2248:.
2234::
2215:.
2000:.
1987:.
1970:.
1939:.
1878:.
1839:.
1813:.
1794:.
1706:.
1682:.
1668::
1646:.
1632::
1613:.
1609::
1567:.
1534:.
1507:.
1481:.
1449:.
1419:.
1365:.
1353::
1330:.
1305:.
1291::
1272:.
1246:.
1234::
1211:.
1199::
1176:.
1170::
1143:.
1072::
1066:3
969:.
923:.
822:)
818:(
153:)
147:(
142:)
138:(
124:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
