1625:- the first of over a dozen political prisoners on death row - despite an international campaign calling for his release. Authorities accused Fattahian of carrying arms for an "illegal organization" and sentenced him to several years in prison. Fattahian never confessed to carrying arms and was not given a fair trial, nor was he permitted access to his lawyer, and the Komala - the illegal organization he was accused of associating with - claimed that he had left the group a long time ago. Fattahian attempted to appeal, and when he did so, he was sentenced to death for "enmity against God". His execution was condemned by human rights groups and activists internationally.
1487:
sixth parliament led to expectations that some of the voters' demands would be met. After the first round, in which 18 Kurds were elected, one candidate said that he expected there would be more
Kurdish instruction at the university in Sanandaj, and he called on the Khatami government to have more Kurdish officials. Subsequently, a 40-member parliamentary faction representing the predominantly Kurdish provinces of Kurdistan and Kermanshah was formed. However, there were many other civilian Kurdish activists who did not join the reform movement.
2405:
1637:, a teacher who received a lot of attention internationally following his arrest - in Iran on May 9, 2010. The four political prisoners suffered severe torture at the hands of Iranian authorities and were also forced to confess their memberships in an illegal organization - namely PJAK. None of the activists were given fair trials nor did they have access to their lawyers. Amnesty International described the executions as "a blatant attempt to intimidate members of the Kurdish minority."
2429:
2381:
1452:
178:
1610:
authorities' violations of human rights against the
Kurdish minority. However, according to Amnesty International, those activists who do "link their human rights work – drawing attention to the government's failure to observe international human rights standards - to their Kurdish identity they risk further violations of their rights."
2882:
1463:
1593:, a well-known Iranian human rights lawyer who is Mr. Qaderi's lawyer, announced that Qaderi's murderer was a member of the police who shot the victim illegally. He also added that the murderer and the one who ordered the act are under investigation and the judiciary system has been cooperative up to now.
1425:
has seeped into the Shia
Kurdish area partly due to outrage against government's violent suppression of Kurds farther north, but David Romano reject such claims noting that there's no evidence of an active guerrilla insurgency in the area. Although, there is a new rise of Kurdish identity movement in
1609:
said that Kurds have been a particular target of the
Islamic Republic of Iran, and the Kurds' "social, political and cultural rights have been repressed, as have their economic aspirations." As a result, many human rights activists in Iran often shift their focus to specifically identify the Iranian
1486:
to be the first
Kurdish governor of the Iranian province of Kurdistan. He also appointed several Sunni and Shia Kurds as his own or cabinet members' advisors. In his second term, Khatami had two Kurdish cabinet members; both of them were Shia. The increased presence of Kurdish representatives in the
98:
In totality, Kurds are about 10% of Iran's total population. According to the last census conducted in 2006, the four main
Kurdish-inhabited provinces in Iran – West Azerbaijan, Kermanshah Province, Kurdistan Province and Ilam Province – had a total population of 6,730,000. Kurds generally consider
1613:
At the beginning of the 21st century, a number of
Kurdish activists, writers, and teachers have been arrested for their work and were sentenced to death. The increase is likely due to the government's crackdown following the nationwide protests after Iran's presidential elections. Even before the
1059:
and northwest Iran. Kurds resisted this policy and tried to keep some form of self-rule. This led to a series of bloody confrontations between the
Safavids and the Kurds. The Kurds were finally defeated, and as a result the Safavids decided to punish rebellious Kurds by forced relocation and
1655:
or PJAK. Feb 4, 2009, Stuart Levey, U.S. Treasury undersecretary for terrorism and financial intelligence stated "With today's action, we are exposing PJAK's (Free Life Party of
Kurdistan) terrorist ties to the PKK and supporting Turkey's efforts to protect its citizens from attack."
1640:
Despite repeated international calls demanding the release or retrial of these four political prisoners, all were executed without any prior notice or warning. Following the executions, Iranian authorities refused to return the bodies of those executed to their families.
1426:
the southern parts of
Iranian Kurdistan, which has risen up from the first decade of 21st century that shows itself in the way of formation of an armed group called the Partisans of Southern Kurdistan and some other organizations specially about
1628:
In January 2010, Iran executed a second Kurdish political prisoner, Fasih Yasamani, for "enmity against God". Like Fattahian, Yasamani was tortured and authorities tried to force him to confess, but he refused. He was also denied a fair trial.
1396:
in line with a series of anti-revolutionary revolts across the country. In early 1979 armed conflict broke out between armed Kurdish factions and the Iranian revolutionary government's security forces. The Kurdish forces included primarily the
2325:
1086:
The Safavid era played a substantial role in the integration of Iranian Kurdistan into the political structure of Iran. The Kurdish local elites were strongly aware of their affiliation with Iran, which helped shape Iran's western border.
1253:
monarch), took action against Kurdish leaders. Simko was forced to abandon his region in the fall of 1922, and spent eight years in hiding. When the Iranian government persuaded him to submit, he was ambushed and killed around Ushno
1442:
led to violent clashes between Sunni Kurds and the security forces. Mulla Rabiei was the prayer leader in the Al-Shafe'i mosque in Kermanshah. The protests continued for three days and spread to neighboring towns in the region.
1632:
Without notifying the families or lawyers of the political prisoners, Iranian authorities ordered the execution of four more Kurdish political prisoners - Ali Heydarian, Farhad Vakili, Mehdi Eslamian, Shirin Alam Hooli, and
1113:
in northwestern Iran. In 1609, the ruined structure was rebuilt by Emîr Xan Lepzêrîn ("Golden Hand Khan"), ruler of Beradost, who sought to maintain the independence of his expanding principality in the face of both
1408:
In a speech in December 1979, Ayatollah Khomeini called the concept of ethnic minorities contrary to Islamic doctrines. He also accused those "who do not wish Muslim countries to be united" in creating the issue of
1122:), rallied around Amir Khan. After a long and bloody siege led by the Safavid grand vizier Hatem Beg, which lasted from November 1609 to the summer of 1610, Dimdim was captured. All the defenders were massacred.
1353:, as it is often called, lasted less than a year, as the end of the war and the withdrawal of the occupying Soviet forces allowed the central government to defeat the separatists and return Kurdistan to Iran.
1274:
troops entered Iran in September 1941, the Persian Army was quickly dissolved and their ammunition was seized by the Kurds. Sons of the Kurdish chiefs seized the opportunity and escaped from their exile in
1519:. This was viewed as "trans-nationalization" of the Kurdish movement. These protests were violently suppressed by the government forces. According to human rights groups, at least 20 people were killed.
1474:
In 1997, Sunni Kurds like many other Iranians took part in the presidential election. Both civilian and military Kurdish opposition groups requested Kurds "not to be indifferent" toward the election.
1118:
and Safavid penetration into the region. Rebuilding Dimdim was considered a move toward independence that could threaten Safavid power in the northwest. Many Kurds, including the rulers of Mukriyan (
2329:
1378:
The Kurds, with their different language and traditions and their cross-border alliances, were seen as vulnerable to exploitation by foreign powers who wished to destabilize the young republic.
3185:
1182:
sought to suppress a Kurdish rebellion in 1747, but he was assassinated before completing the expedition. After Nadir's death, Kurdish tribes exploited the power vacuum and captured parts of
1067:
Between 1534 and 1535, Tahmasp I began the systematic destruction of the old Kurdish cities and the countryside. Large numbers of Kurds from these areas found themselves deported to the
130:
Outside the traditional Kurdistan region, a sizable isolated community of Kurds live in north-eastern Iran, about 1000 km away from Iranian Kurdistan. They are referred to as the
2392:"They were housed in refugee camps at Sanghour, near the Persian Gulf, and at Kamiaran, near the Kurdish city of Kermanshah", Kerim Yildiz, Kurdish Human Rights Project, Pluto, 2007,
3190:
1198:
kings, and this was one of Iran's few victories during the Qajar period. In the early 20th century, Ismail Agha Simko took advantage of the chaotic situation in the aftermath of
3158:
2564:
1262:
pursued a crude but effective policy against the Kurds. Hundreds of Kurdish chiefs were deported and forced into exile. Their lands were also confiscated by the government.
2416:"Kermanshah (formerly Bakhtaran) historically has been the largest Kurdish city", Glenn Eldon Curtis, Eric James Hooglund, Library of Congress. Federal Research Division,
1375:
to power in February 1979. The Shah had shown himself to be no friend of Kurdish aspirations for greater autonomy and a loosening of Tehran's control over their affairs.
2792:
1840:
3163:
2600:
2582:
1194:
In 1880, Shaykh Ubaydullah, a Kurdish leader, engaged in a series of revolts against the Iranian government. These revolts were successfully suppressed by the
1043:
rule, the government tried to extend its control over Kurdish-inhabited areas in western Iran. At that time, there were a number of semi-independent Kurdish
1976:
1138:. Although Persian historians (like Eskandar Beg) depicted the first battle of Dimdim as a result of Kurdish mutiny or treason, in Kurdish oral traditions (
3805:
1644:
As of May 2010, there were at least 16 other Kurdish political prisoners on death row. Not one case has been reported as having received a fair trial.
1142:), literary works (Dzhalilov, pp. 67–72), and histories, it was treated as a struggle of the Kurdish people against foreign domination. In fact,
3271:
3497:
1005:. This province included Hamadan, Dinawar, Kermanshah, Sanandaj and Sharazur. It was ruled by Sulayman, the nephew of Sanjar. In 1217, Kurds of
3419:
3104:
2425:
2397:
2377:
2274:
2176:
2104:
2069:
2032:
1398:
1381:
The crisis deepened after Kurds were denied seats in the "Assembly of Experts" gathering in 1979, which were responsible for writing the new
611:
2654:
2522:
3779:
3205:
1310:
1958:
1931:
3654:
3634:
3480:
2561:
1083:) tribe of central Kurdistan was removed from the heartland of Kurdistan and deported to Khorasan, where they are still found today.
3530:
2443:
2300:
1755:
1402:
2007:
731:
2618:
3624:
2991:
1583:
903:
2486:
2353:
3619:
3450:
3233:
2986:
2782:
1907:
1362:
2636:
1790:
2678:
2220:
3722:
3629:
813:
716:
449:
3649:
3639:
3614:
3492:
2504:
756:
1543:(also known as Shwane Qadri or Sayed Kamal Asfaram), and two other Kurdish men were shot by Iranian security forces in
1126:
ordered a general massacre in Beradost and Mukriyan (reported by Eskandar Beg Turkoman, Safavid historian, in the book
3644:
3175:
2597:
1550:
For the next six weeks, riots and protests erupted in Kurdish towns and villages throughout Eastern Kurdistan such as
838:
424:
2579:
3846:
3763:
3313:
2292:
656:
641:
31:
3705:
3097:
1973:
1652:
1563:
1488:
1284:
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praised the glory of Kurdish culture and history. From the Kurdish side, the demands were mainly related to the
3851:
3399:
2961:
1887:
369:
72:
2723:
1816:
1349:
in Iran, not even all of Iranian Kurdistan supported the experiment, let alone the Kurds in other states. The
2755:
2720:, by R. Farzanfar, PhD Dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Political Science, 1992
2474:, Released by the Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, U.S. Department of State, February 23, 2000.
1010:
3739:
3434:
3195:
3069:
2911:
2750:
2177:
https://web.archive.org/web/20071010090831/http://www.kurdishrightsconference.org/presentations/gunter.pdf
1389:, the elected representative of the region, from participating in the assembly of experts' first meeting.
1326:
1271:
1027:
568:
543:
344:
3542:
3509:
3460:
3377:
3223:
2906:
1606:
1483:
826:
409:
2460:
Manufacturing Identity and Managing Kurds in Iraq, Turkey and Iran: A Study in Evolution of Nationalism
1710:(Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization): "Iranian Kurdistan, also known as eastern Kurdistan."
3809:
3593:
3404:
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3142:
3090:
2734:
636:
621:
442:
163:
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3387:
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1422:
1350:
1304:
1220:
1014:
896:
646:
616:
359:
299:
80:
2745:
2651:
2180:
1295:
in western Iran. He was finally driven out of the region by the Persian Army in the fall of 1944.
1101:
There is a well documented historical account of a long battle in 1609–1610 between Kurds and the
3856:
3789:
3784:
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3341:
3303:
3127:
2896:
2775:
2519:
2145:
1680:
1372:
982:
746:
606:
379:
207:
124:
108:
76:
2483:
1955:
1891:
1586:
in eastern Iran) with scores killed and injured, and an untold number arrested without charge.
921:
From the 10th century to 12th century A.D., two Kurdish dynasties were ruling this region, the
3677:
3586:
3394:
3293:
3261:
3254:
2956:
2702:
Yamaguchi, Akihiko (2021). "The Kurdish frontier under the Safavids". In Matthee, Rudi (ed.).
2421:
2393:
2373:
2306:
2296:
2270:
2191:
2137:
2100:
2065:
2028:
1935:
1913:
1903:
1751:
1475:
1203:
1123:
777:
769:
741:
736:
726:
676:
651:
429:
384:
286:
232:
131:
116:
100:
92:
3564:
3266:
3200:
3048:
2941:
2921:
2861:
2129:
1899:
1479:
1314:
1135:
1096:
1072:
798:
706:
681:
665:
631:
626:
419:
364:
324:
314:
309:
303:
295:
281:
272:
262:
88:
47:
2471:
1367:
Kurdish political organizations were enthusiastic supporters of the revolution against the
3813:
3717:
3695:
3672:
3547:
3525:
3504:
3475:
3465:
3455:
3137:
3132:
2946:
2901:
2658:
2640:
2622:
2604:
2586:
2568:
2541:
2526:
2508:
2490:
2447:
2357:
2224:
2204:
2011:
1980:
1962:
1634:
1622:
1516:
1456:
1393:
1250:
1076:
1060:
deportation in the 15-16th century. This policy began under the reign of the Safavid King
970:
711:
701:
694:
661:
558:
528:
508:
414:
404:
389:
374:
354:
329:
319:
291:
252:
167:
2440:
1614:
elections, Kurdish rebel groups - specifically the Party for a Free Life in Kurdistan or
1438:
On December 2, 1996, the death of a prominent Sunni clergyman, Mulla Mohammed Rabiei, in
2248:
Ayatollah Khomeini's Speech, Radio Tehran, December 17, 1979. Quoted in David McDowall,
3753:
3569:
3537:
3308:
3298:
3278:
3249:
3022:
2966:
2916:
1602:
1590:
1115:
889:
875:
490:
399:
349:
155:
68:
2004:
949:
state, established in the early 14th century, controlled the territories of Zardiawa (
3840:
3734:
3414:
3351:
3346:
3325:
2866:
2768:
2615:
1720:
1665:
1540:
1503:
In February 1999, Kurdish nationalists took to the streets in several cities such as
1330:
1195:
1183:
994:
978:
808:
803:
751:
721:
583:
393:
339:
334:
194:
84:
2729:
2350:
2049:
Kurdski geroicheski epos "Zlatoruki Khan" (The Kurdish heroic epic "Gold-hand Khan")
1249:
and remained independent until 1925. In 1922, Reza Khan (who later became the first
977:) (in present-day Iran). The Ardalan Dynasty continued to rule the region until the
3700:
3356:
2926:
2841:
2580:
Iran Executes Kurdish Political Activist - Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty © 2010
2083:
Pivot of the Universe: Nasir al-Din Shah Qajar and the Iranian Monarchy, 1831-1896.
1776:
1492:
1382:
1318:
1230:
1131:
922:
850:
845:
563:
533:
2633:
865:
17:
3552:
3429:
3424:
3409:
3318:
3288:
3113:
2811:
2739:
2670:
2462:, PhD Dissertation in Political Science, University of Pennsylvania, 2000, p.238
2253:
2217:
1670:
1410:
1226:
1199:
1167:
1155:
1151:
998:
553:
2368:"the ethnically Kurdish city of Kermanshah", Tamar Mayer, Suleiman Ali Mourad,
3825:
3821:
3817:
3744:
3710:
3180:
2936:
2856:
2806:
2562:
Kurdish man at imminent risk of execution in Iran | Amnesty International
2520:
Iran Focus-Iran sends in troops to crush border unrest - Iran (General) - News
1555:
1439:
1386:
1346:
1342:
1234:
1179:
1110:
1056:
1032:
938:
930:
523:
2717:
2501:
2141:
1917:
1531:, many of them Kurds, no Sunni mosque exists to serve their religious needs.
3727:
3283:
3017:
2441:
Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East - Sign In Page
2310:
1675:
1567:
1451:
1427:
1413:
among minorities. His views were shared by many in the clerical leadership.
1259:
1255:
1061:
860:
855:
548:
513:
503:
473:
223:
1233:, chief of the Shikak tribe, established his authority in the area west of
1229:
encouraged some Kurdish chiefs to take advantage of the chaotic situation.
1333:. Since the minuscule entity extended no further than the small cities of
3012:
3007:
2871:
1559:
1508:
1467:
1392:
The wave of nationalism engulfed eastern Kurdistan after the fall of the
1238:
1080:
974:
966:
954:
950:
942:
926:
870:
788:
578:
538:
478:
468:
135:
2634:
Iran executes five political prisoners - Amnesty International Australia
2289:
The Kurdish Nationalist Movement: Opportunity, Mobilization and Identity
1202:
and rebelled against the Iranian government. He was finally defeated by
3027:
2951:
2851:
2831:
2826:
2616:
After Ehsan Fatahiyan another Activist Fasih Yasamani has been Executed
2149:
1551:
1544:
1504:
1334:
1322:
1292:
1246:
1242:
1175:
1171:
1170:
invasion of the Safavid realm in the early 18th century, and conquered
1119:
1102:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1002:
946:
934:
588:
573:
483:
177:
99:
northwestern Iran (Eastern Kurdistan) to be one of the four parts of a
969:. The capital city of the state was first in Sharazour in present-day
3557:
2981:
2846:
2836:
2821:
2816:
1528:
1276:
1068:
1031:, the Safavid family came from Iranian Kurdistan, and later moved to
1006:
958:
793:
518:
228:
104:
2133:
1812:
3032:
2971:
2239:, 1996, Chapter 13, "Subjects of the Shi'i Republic," pp. 261-287.
1579:
1575:
1571:
1515:
and staged mass protests against the government and in support of
1512:
1338:
1288:
1280:
962:
833:
593:
258:
187:
112:
103:, which under that conception are joined by parts of southeastern
1417:
Kurdish movement between Shia Kurds in southern Iranian Kurdistan
3064:
2976:
1836:
1707:
1703:
1615:
1368:
1079:. At this time the last remnant of the ancient royal Hadhabâni (
248:
238:
120:
64:
3086:
2881:
2764:
1462:
3082:
2291:. Cambridge Middle East studies, 22. Cambridge, UK; New York:
1482:
and top-level officials. In his first term, Khatami appointed
2718:
Ethnic groups and the state: Azaris, Kurds and Baluch of Iran
1843:(UNPO). “Iranian Kurdistan, also known as eastern Kurdistan.”
1721:"Bazar û cihên giştî li Rojhilatê Kurdistanê qerebalix dibin"
1154:. The first literary account of Dimdim battle was written by
2472:
Iran : Country Reports on Human Rights Practices - 1999
2652:
Iran Denies Families Bodies of Executed Kurds - NYTimes.com
1855:
Kurdish Awakening: Nation Building in a Fragmented Homeland
1527:
Despite the fact that more than one million Sunnis live in
1317:, it was occupied by Allied forces. With support from the
1582:(and even inspiring protests in southwestern Iran and in
2542:"Iran: Human rights abuses against the Kurdish minority"
2128:(1). Royal Institute of International Affairs: 91–103 .
1748:
The Kurds: An Encyclopedia of Life, Culture, and Society
1495:
association to defend the rights of the Kurdish people.
1105:
Empire. The battle took place around a fortress called
2598:
Iran executes Kurdish man | Amnesty International
63:) is an unofficial name for the parts of northwestern
1134:
in the region while deporting many Kurdish tribes to
58:
3772:
3688:
3665:
3602:
3518:
3443:
3370:
3334:
3242:
3216:
3151:
3120:
3057:
3041:
3000:
2889:
2799:
2724:
PJAK Intensifies Its Struggle for Iranian Kurdistan
1035:. They finally settled in the 11th century C.E. at
2120:Elphinston, W. G. (1946). "The Kurdish Question".
1075:(Khurasan), as well as the heights in the central
997:created a province called "Kurdistan" centered at
1405:(Revolutionary Organization of Kurdish Toilers).
2218:Ali Reza Nourizadeh (Persian - Arabic - English)
1539:On July 9, 2005, a Kurdish opposition activist,
1491:was among the latter who started an independent
67:with either a majority or sizable population of
2671:"U.S. brands anti-Iran Kurdish group terrorist"
2402:The Kurds in Iraq: The Past, Present and Future
2023:Munshī, Iskandar; Beg, Munshī Iskandar (1978).
1421:David McDowall has argued that since the 1990s
2793:Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization
2730:Human Rights Watch report on ethnic minorities
2536:
2534:
1841:Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization
1470:, the second-largest city in Iranian Kurdistan
1225:The weakness of the Persian government during
3098:
2776:
1321:, a Kurdish state was created in the city of
1146:is considered a national epic second only to
897:
8:
2326:"A Rise in Nationalism in Eastern Kurdistan"
1983:, under the title "Khurasani Kurdish Dances"
1648:Kurdish militant group operating inside Iran
3105:
3091:
3083:
2783:
2769:
2761:
2162:
1750:. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. p. 236.
1241:region took control of the region between
904:
890:
145:
1992:
2735:Status of the Kurds in Iranian Kurdistan
2085:London: I. B. Tauris, 1997, p. 408)
1857:. University of Texas Press. p. 2.
1618:- have taken up arms against the state.
1461:
1450:
3049:District of Columbia (Washington, D.C.)
2751:Kurdistanica, Encyclopedia of Kurdistan
2095:Gunter, Michael M. (November 4, 2010).
1696:
1605:in Iran. In a report released in 2008,
148:
2200:
2189:
1601:Kurds have suffered a long history of
985:(1848–1896) ended their rule in 1867.
138:dialect unlike Kurds in western Iran.
2420:, Government Printing Office, 2008,
2099:. Scarecrow Press. pp. 274–276.
2051:, Moscow, 1967, pp. 5-26, 37-39, 206.
1399:Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan
612:Kurdish rebellions during World War I
7:
2025:The History of Shah ʻAbbas the Great
1523:Discrimination against Sunni Muslims
1279:. Hama Rashid, a Kurdish chief from
1237:from 1918 to 1922. Jaafar Sultan of
1385:. Ayatollah Khomeini prevented Dr.
51:
30:For other uses of "Kurdistan", see
2097:Historical Dictionary of the Kurds
1597:Political prisoners and executions
1109:located in Beradost region around
1055:(Sinne), and Shikak tribes around
1017:king, who were sent from Hamadan.
71:. Geographically, it includes the
25:
2756:Kurdish Academy of Language (KAL)
2740:The tragedy of being Kurd in Iran
2880:
2122:Journal of International Affairs
1773:Les dialectes kurdes méridionaux
1771:Fattah, Ismaïl Kamandâr (2000).
1621:In November 2009, Iran executed
1357:Islamic Revolution and the Kurds
1325:in 1946 by the Kurdish Movement
1299:Republic of Kurdistan in Mahabad
1174:and penetrated to the area near
973:, but was later moved to Sinne (
176:
2681:from the original on 2016-11-11
2235:D. and in khorasan . McDowall,
2175:Gunter.pdf (10 October 2007).
1819:from the original on 2016-10-22
1309:Although Iran had declared its
1215:Simko revolts against Reza Shah
2706:. Routledge. pp. 556–571.
2372:, Taylor & Francis, 2008,
1932:"-AFAWIDS [VIII:765b]"
1898:. Vol. 4 (1st ed.).
1363:1979 Kurdish rebellion in Iran
1001:, located to the northeast of
989:Seljukid and Khwarazmid period
27:Kurdish inhabited area of Iran
1:
3371:Eastern and Southeastern Asia
2267:A Modern History of the Kurds
2250:A Modern History of the Kurds
2237:A Modern History of the Kurds
2062:A Modern History of the Kurds
1653:The Kurdistan Free Life Party
450:Timeline of Kurdish uprisings
1430:of that parts of Kurdistan.
1166:Kurds took advantage of the
1130:) and resettled the Turkish
2370:Jerusalem: Idea and Reality
1727:(in Kurdish). 10 April 2020
59:
3873:
3444:Central and Eastern Europe
2293:Cambridge University Press
2269:, I.B. Tauris Publishers,
2064:, I.B. Tauris Publishers,
1535:The Shivan Qaderi incident
1360:
1302:
1218:
1094:
657:Kurdish Republic of Lachin
642:Kurdish Republic of Ararat
32:Kurdistan (disambiguation)
29:
3806:Border changes since 1914
3798:
2878:
2328:. Kurdnas. Archived from
1888:Houtsma, Martijn Theodoor
1746:Sebastian Mastel (2018).
1489:Mohammad Sadiq Kaboudvand
3481:unification with Moldova
3164:Turks and Caicos Islands
2746:Photography of Kurdistan
2742:, by Ali Reza Nourizadeh
1329:under the leadership of
993:In the 12th century CE,
73:West Azerbaijan Province
3531:unification with Kosovo
1791:"The Time of the Kurds"
1401:(KDPI) and the leftist
1258:) in 1930. After this,
1009:defeated the troops of
3740:Greater Germanic Reich
3538:Bosnia and Herzegovina
2912:Chittagong Hill Tracts
2287:Romano, David (2006).
1896:Encyclopaedia of Islam
1471:
1459:
1327:Komeley Jiyanewey Kurd
1047:such as the Mukriyan (
1028:Encyclopaedia of Islam
1011:Ala ad-Din Muhammad II
3728:Annexation of Austria
2418:Iran: A Country Study
1871:(north, Turkey), and
1853:Bengio, Ofra (2014).
1607:Amnesty International
1484:Abdollah Ramezanzadeh
1465:
1454:
3388:annexation of Taiwan
2324:Abdullazada, Sakar.
1210:Kurds in modern Iran
757:Kurdish philosophers
637:Kingdom of Kurdistan
463:Karduchian dynasties
60:Rojhilatê Kurdistanê
2957:Southern Azerbaijan
2186:on 10 October 2007.
2047:O. Dzh. Dzhalilov,
1890:, ed. (1913–1936).
1499:1999 demonstrations
1434:1996 demonstrations
1423:Kurdish nationalism
1351:Republic of Mahabad
1305:Republic of Mahabad
1221:Simko Shikak revolt
925:(959–1015) and the
647:Republic of Mahabad
617:Simko Shikak revolt
81:Kermanshah Province
3272:Western Azerbaijan
3206:Dominican Republic
2657:2010-05-16 at the
2639:2011-04-05 at the
2621:2010-01-06 at the
2603:2015-02-18 at the
2585:2010-10-24 at the
2567:2015-02-18 at the
2525:2008-03-12 at the
2507:2011-05-26 at the
2489:2013-03-13 at the
2446:2009-02-15 at the
2356:2013-03-13 at the
2223:2012-03-04 at the
2027:. Westview Press.
2010:2008-10-11 at the
1979:2008-04-03 at the
1961:2008-05-01 at the
1681:Kurdistan Province
1589:On 13 March 2006,
1472:
1460:
1373:Ayatollah Khomeini
1283:, took control of
1128:Alam Aray-e Abbasi
983:Nasser-al-Din Shah
607:Kurdistansky Uyezd
253:Southern Kurdistan
233:Northern Kurdistan
125:Southern Kurdistan
109:Northern Kurdistan
77:Kurdistan Province
52:ڕۆژھەڵاتی کوردستان
3847:Iranian Kurdistan
3834:
3833:
3801:Related concepts:
3078:
3077:
2967:Southern Mongolia
2932:Iranian Kurdistan
2726:by Chris Zambelis
2704:The Safavid World
2426:978-0-8444-1187-3
2398:978-0-7453-2663-4
2378:978-0-415-42128-7
2275:978-1-85043-416-0
2199:Missing or empty
2165:, pp. 97–98)
2106:978-0-8108-7507-4
2070:978-1-85043-416-0
2034:978-0-89158-296-0
1859:Hence the terms:
1837:Iranian Kurdistan
1704:Iranian Kurdistan
1476:President Khatami
1204:Reza Shah Pahlavi
1025:According to the
917:Kurdish dynasties
914:
913:
778:Kurdish languages
677:Turkish Kurdistan
672:Iranian Kurdistan
652:Al-Anfal campaign
622:Koçgiri Rebellion
263:Western Kurdistan
243:Eastern Kurdistan
132:Kurds of Khorasan
117:Western Kurdistan
101:Greater Kurdistan
93:Lorestan Province
57:
44:Eastern Kurdistan
40:Iranian Kurdistan
18:Eastern Kurdistan
16:(Redirected from
3864:
3785:Papua New Guinea
3107:
3100:
3093:
3084:
2992:West Balochistan
2922:Gilgit Baltistan
2884:
2862:Western Togoland
2852:Rehoboth Basters
2785:
2778:
2771:
2762:
2707:
2690:
2689:
2687:
2686:
2667:
2661:
2649:
2643:
2631:
2625:
2613:
2607:
2595:
2589:
2577:
2571:
2559:
2553:
2552:
2550:
2549:
2538:
2529:
2517:
2511:
2499:
2493:
2481:
2475:
2469:
2463:
2456:
2450:
2438:
2432:
2414:
2408:
2390:
2384:
2366:
2360:
2348:
2342:
2341:
2339:
2337:
2321:
2315:
2314:
2284:
2278:
2263:
2257:
2246:
2240:
2233:
2227:
2215:
2209:
2208:
2202:
2197:
2195:
2187:
2185:
2179:. Archived from
2172:
2166:
2163:Elphinston (1946
2160:
2154:
2153:
2117:
2111:
2110:
2092:
2086:
2079:
2073:
2058:
2052:
2045:
2039:
2038:
2020:
2014:
2002:
1996:
1990:
1984:
1971:
1965:
1953:
1947:
1946:
1944:
1943:
1934:. Archived from
1928:
1922:
1921:
1902:. p. 1140.
1884:
1878:
1877:
1850:
1844:
1834:
1828:
1827:
1825:
1824:
1813:"Iran Provinces"
1809:
1803:
1802:
1800:
1798:
1787:
1781:
1780:
1768:
1762:
1761:
1743:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1717:
1711:
1701:
1480:Kurdish language
1371:, which brought
1315:Second World War
1097:Battle of DimDim
1091:Battle of DimDim
1064:(r. 1514–1576).
906:
899:
892:
780:
732:Historical sites
682:Syrian Kurdistan
666:Kurdistan Region
632:Dersim Rebellion
627:Ararat rebellion
464:
180:
170:
159:
151:
146:
119:), and northern
89:Hamadan Province
62:
56:romanized:
55:
53:
21:
3872:
3871:
3867:
3866:
3865:
3863:
3862:
3861:
3852:Regions of Iran
3837:
3836:
3835:
3830:
3794:
3768:
3684:
3666:Northern Europe
3661:
3635:Italian Grisons
3598:
3565:North Macedonia
3519:Southern Europe
3514:
3439:
3366:
3330:
3238:
3212:
3147:
3116:
3111:
3079:
3074:
3053:
3037:
2996:
2885:
2876:
2795:
2791:Members of the
2789:
2714:
2701:
2698:
2693:
2684:
2682:
2669:
2668:
2664:
2659:Wayback Machine
2650:
2646:
2641:Wayback Machine
2632:
2628:
2623:Wayback Machine
2614:
2610:
2605:Wayback Machine
2596:
2592:
2587:Wayback Machine
2578:
2574:
2569:Wayback Machine
2560:
2556:
2547:
2545:
2540:
2539:
2532:
2527:Wayback Machine
2518:
2514:
2509:Wayback Machine
2500:
2496:
2491:Wayback Machine
2482:
2478:
2470:
2466:
2457:
2453:
2448:Wayback Machine
2439:
2435:
2415:
2411:
2391:
2387:
2367:
2363:
2358:Wayback Machine
2349:
2345:
2335:
2333:
2323:
2322:
2318:
2303:
2295:. p. 240.
2286:
2285:
2281:
2264:
2260:
2247:
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2234:
2230:
2225:Wayback Machine
2216:
2212:
2198:
2188:
2183:
2174:
2173:
2169:
2161:
2157:
2134:10.2307/3017874
2119:
2118:
2114:
2107:
2094:
2093:
2089:
2081:Amanat, Abbas.
2080:
2076:
2059:
2055:
2046:
2042:
2035:
2022:
2021:
2017:
2012:Wayback Machine
2003:
1999:
1991:
1987:
1981:Wayback Machine
1972:
1968:
1963:Wayback Machine
1954:
1950:
1941:
1939:
1930:
1929:
1925:
1910:
1886:
1885:
1881:
1867:(south, Iraq),
1852:
1851:
1847:
1835:
1831:
1822:
1820:
1811:
1810:
1806:
1796:
1794:
1789:
1788:
1784:
1770:
1769:
1765:
1758:
1745:
1744:
1740:
1730:
1728:
1719:
1718:
1714:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1689:
1662:
1650:
1635:Farzad Kamangar
1623:Ehsan Fattahian
1599:
1537:
1525:
1517:Abdullah Öcalan
1501:
1457:West Azerbaijan
1449:
1436:
1419:
1394:Pahlavi dynasty
1365:
1359:
1307:
1301:
1268:
1223:
1217:
1212:
1192:
1164:
1099:
1093:
1077:Iranian Plateau
1023:
991:
971:Iraqi Kurdistan
929:(990–1117) (in
919:
910:
881:
880:
829:
819:
818:
783:
776:
772:
762:
761:
702:Kurdish culture
697:
687:
686:
662:Iraqi Kurdistan
602:
509:Mir Jafar Dasni
499:
467:
462:
458:
445:
435:
434:
210:
200:
199:
190:
171:
168:Kurdish culture
164:Kurdish history
162:
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149:
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35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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3769:
3767:
3766:
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3751:
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3749:
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3747:
3742:
3732:
3731:
3730:
3715:
3714:
3713:
3703:
3698:
3692:
3690:
3689:Western Europe
3686:
3685:
3683:
3682:
3681:
3680:
3669:
3667:
3663:
3662:
3660:
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3658:
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3516:
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3513:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3501:
3500:
3495:
3485:
3484:
3483:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3456:Czechoslovakia
3453:
3447:
3445:
3441:
3440:
3438:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
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3397:
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3329:
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3274:
3264:
3259:
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3257:
3246:
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3236:
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3226:
3220:
3218:
3214:
3213:
3211:
3210:
3209:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3167:
3166:
3155:
3153:
3149:
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3146:
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3140:
3135:
3130:
3124:
3122:
3118:
3117:
3112:
3110:
3109:
3102:
3095:
3087:
3076:
3075:
3073:
3072:
3067:
3061:
3059:
3055:
3054:
3052:
3051:
3045:
3043:
3039:
3038:
3036:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3023:Crimean Tatars
3020:
3015:
3010:
3004:
3002:
2998:
2997:
2995:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2962:South Moluccas
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2917:East Turkestan
2914:
2909:
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2887:
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2879:
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2765:
2759:
2758:
2753:
2748:
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2737:
2732:
2727:
2721:
2713:
2712:External links
2710:
2709:
2708:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2691:
2677:. 2017-02-04.
2662:
2644:
2626:
2608:
2590:
2572:
2554:
2544:. 30 July 2008
2530:
2512:
2494:
2476:
2464:
2451:
2433:
2409:
2385:
2361:
2343:
2316:
2301:
2279:
2258:
2256:, 1996, p. 271
2241:
2228:
2210:
2167:
2155:
2112:
2105:
2087:
2074:
2053:
2040:
2033:
2015:
1997:
1995:, p. 568.
1993:Yamaguchi 2021
1985:
1966:
1948:
1923:
1908:
1879:
1875:(west, Syria).
1863:(east, Iran),
1845:
1839:entry for the
1829:
1804:
1782:
1779:37. p. 5.
1763:
1756:
1738:
1712:
1706:entry for the
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1684:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1661:
1658:
1649:
1646:
1603:discrimination
1598:
1595:
1591:Saleh Nikbakht
1536:
1533:
1524:
1521:
1500:
1497:
1455:Piranshahr in
1448:
1447:Khatami period
1445:
1435:
1432:
1428:Yarsani people
1418:
1415:
1361:Main article:
1358:
1355:
1303:Main article:
1300:
1297:
1267:
1264:
1219:Main article:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1191:
1188:
1163:
1160:
1095:Main article:
1092:
1089:
1071:mountains and
1022:
1021:Safavid period
1019:
990:
987:
918:
915:
912:
911:
909:
908:
901:
894:
886:
883:
882:
879:
878:
876:Zoroastrianism
873:
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863:
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853:
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425:United Kingdom
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172:
152:
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140:
134:and speak the
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3869:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3844:
3842:
3829:
3828:
3827:
3823:
3819:
3815:
3814:Reunification
3811:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3777:
3775:
3771:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3737:
3736:
3735:Pan-Germanism
3733:
3729:
3726:
3725:
3724:
3721:
3720:
3719:
3716:
3712:
3709:
3708:
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3355:
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3348:
3345:
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3340:
3339:
3337:
3335:Southern Asia
3333:
3327:
3324:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3311:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
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3282:
3280:
3277:
3273:
3270:
3269:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3256:
3253:
3252:
3251:
3248:
3247:
3245:
3241:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3221:
3219:
3217:South America
3215:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3183:
3182:
3181:United States
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3165:
3162:
3161:
3160:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3152:North America
3150:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3125:
3123:
3119:
3115:
3108:
3103:
3101:
3096:
3094:
3089:
3088:
3085:
3081:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3062:
3060:
3056:
3050:
3047:
3046:
3044:
3042:North America
3040:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3005:
3003:
2999:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
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2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
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2953:
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2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
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2910:
2908:
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2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2894:
2892:
2888:
2883:
2873:
2870:
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2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2817:Bellah people
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2804:
2802:
2798:
2794:
2786:
2781:
2779:
2774:
2772:
2767:
2766:
2763:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2725:
2722:
2719:
2716:
2715:
2711:
2705:
2700:
2699:
2695:
2680:
2676:
2672:
2666:
2663:
2660:
2656:
2653:
2648:
2645:
2642:
2638:
2635:
2630:
2627:
2624:
2620:
2617:
2612:
2609:
2606:
2602:
2599:
2594:
2591:
2588:
2584:
2581:
2576:
2573:
2570:
2566:
2563:
2558:
2555:
2543:
2537:
2535:
2531:
2528:
2524:
2521:
2516:
2513:
2510:
2506:
2503:
2498:
2495:
2492:
2488:
2485:
2480:
2477:
2473:
2468:
2465:
2461:
2455:
2452:
2449:
2445:
2442:
2437:
2434:
2431:
2427:
2423:
2419:
2413:
2410:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2395:
2389:
2386:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2371:
2365:
2362:
2359:
2355:
2352:
2347:
2344:
2332:on 2 May 2015
2331:
2327:
2320:
2317:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2302:9780521850414
2298:
2294:
2290:
2283:
2280:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2265:D. McDowall,
2262:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2245:
2242:
2238:
2232:
2229:
2226:
2222:
2219:
2214:
2211:
2206:
2193:
2182:
2178:
2171:
2168:
2164:
2159:
2156:
2151:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2116:
2113:
2108:
2102:
2098:
2091:
2088:
2084:
2078:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2060:D. McDowall,
2057:
2054:
2050:
2044:
2041:
2036:
2030:
2026:
2019:
2016:
2013:
2009:
2006:
2001:
1998:
1994:
1989:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1975:
1970:
1967:
1964:
1960:
1957:
1956:Keo - History
1952:
1949:
1938:on 2005-12-16
1937:
1933:
1927:
1924:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1883:
1880:
1876:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1856:
1849:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1833:
1830:
1818:
1814:
1808:
1805:
1792:
1786:
1783:
1778:
1774:
1767:
1764:
1759:
1757:9781440842573
1753:
1749:
1742:
1739:
1726:
1722:
1716:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1700:
1697:
1691:
1686:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1666:Kurds in Iran
1664:
1663:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1638:
1636:
1630:
1626:
1624:
1619:
1617:
1611:
1608:
1604:
1596:
1594:
1592:
1587:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1548:
1546:
1542:
1541:Shivan Qaderi
1534:
1532:
1530:
1522:
1520:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1498:
1496:
1494:
1490:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1469:
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1458:
1453:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1433:
1431:
1429:
1424:
1416:
1414:
1412:
1406:
1404:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1388:
1384:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1370:
1364:
1356:
1354:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1331:Qazi Muhammad
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1306:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1273:
1265:
1263:
1261:
1257:
1252:
1248:
1245:and north of
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1222:
1214:
1209:
1207:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1189:
1187:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1162:Afshar period
1161:
1159:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1098:
1090:
1088:
1084:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1065:
1063:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1029:
1020:
1018:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
995:Sultan Sanjar
988:
986:
984:
980:
976:
972:
968:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
916:
907:
902:
900:
895:
893:
888:
887:
885:
884:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
840:
837:
836:
835:
832:
831:
828:
823:
822:
815:
812:
810:
807:
805:
802:
800:
797:
795:
792:
790:
787:
786:
782:
779:
775:
774:
771:
766:
765:
758:
755:
753:
750:
748:
745:
743:
740:
738:
735:
733:
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
699:
696:
691:
690:
683:
680:
678:
675:
673:
670:
667:
663:
660:
658:
655:
653:
650:
648:
645:
643:
640:
638:
635:
633:
630:
628:
625:
623:
620:
618:
615:
613:
610:
608:
605:
604:
603:
601:
595:
592:
590:
587:
585:
582:
580:
577:
575:
572:
570:
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
547:
545:
542:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
501:
500:
498:
492:
489:
488:
485:
482:
480:
477:
475:
472:
470:
466:
461:
460:
459:
457:
451:
448:
447:
444:
439:
438:
431:
430:United States
428:
426:
423:
421:
418:
416:
413:
411:
408:
406:
403:
401:
398:
395:
391:
388:
386:
383:
381:
378:
376:
373:
371:
368:
366:
363:
361:
358:
356:
353:
351:
348:
346:
343:
341:
338:
336:
333:
331:
328:
326:
323:
321:
318:
316:
313:
311:
308:
305:
301:
297:
293:
290:
288:
285:
283:
280:
279:
276:
275:
274:
269:
268:
264:
260:
257:
254:
250:
247:
244:
240:
237:
234:
230:
227:
225:
222:
221:
218:
217:
213:
212:
209:
204:
203:
196:
195:List of Kurds
193:
192:
189:
184:
183:
179:
175:
174:
169:
165:
157:
147:
141:
139:
137:
133:
128:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
96:
94:
90:
87:and parts of
86:
85:Ilam Province
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
61:
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
3810:Partitionism
3804:
3803:
3800:
3357:Pashtunistan
3243:Western Asia
3176:Saint Martin
3143:South Africa
3080:
3070:West Papuans
2931:
2703:
2683:. Retrieved
2674:
2665:
2647:
2629:
2611:
2593:
2575:
2557:
2546:. Retrieved
2515:
2497:
2479:
2467:
2459:
2458:Natali, D.,
2454:
2436:
2417:
2412:
2401:
2388:
2369:
2364:
2346:
2334:. Retrieved
2330:the original
2319:
2288:
2282:
2266:
2261:
2249:
2244:
2236:
2231:
2213:
2201:|title=
2181:the original
2170:
2158:
2125:
2121:
2115:
2096:
2090:
2082:
2077:
2061:
2056:
2048:
2043:
2024:
2018:
2000:
1988:
1969:
1951:
1940:. Retrieved
1936:the original
1926:
1895:
1882:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1858:
1854:
1848:
1832:
1821:. Retrieved
1807:
1795:. Retrieved
1785:
1777:Acta Iranica
1772:
1766:
1747:
1741:
1729:. Retrieved
1724:
1715:
1699:
1651:
1643:
1639:
1631:
1627:
1620:
1612:
1600:
1588:
1549:
1538:
1526:
1502:
1493:human rights
1473:
1437:
1420:
1407:
1391:
1383:constitution
1380:
1377:
1366:
1319:Soviet Union
1308:
1269:
1266:World War II
1224:
1193:
1190:Qajar period
1165:
1147:
1144:Beytî dimdim
1143:
1140:Beytî dimdim
1139:
1132:Afshar tribe
1127:
1106:
1100:
1085:
1066:
1026:
1024:
992:
923:Hasanwayhids
920:
846:Christianity
717:Celebrations
671:
599:
598:
534:Hasanwayhids
496:
495:
455:
454:
410:Turkmenistan
271:
270:
242:
215:
214:
129:
111:), northern
97:
43:
39:
38:
36:
3822:Revisionism
3764:Switzerland
3759:Netherlands
3420:Philippines
3319:Pan-Turkism
3114:Irredentism
2907:Balochistan
2812:Barotseland
2254:I.B. Tauris
1671:Gawirkayeti
1584:Baluchistan
1411:nationalism
1227:World War I
1200:World War I
1156:Faqi Tayran
1152:Ahmad Khani
1057:Lake Urmiye
554:Hazaraspids
370:Netherlands
3841:Categories
3826:Rump state
3818:Revanchism
3745:Lebensraum
3594:Yugoslavia
3362:Tamil Nadu
3342:Bangladesh
3267:Azerbaijan
3128:Mauritania
2942:Khuzestani
2937:Khmer Krom
2857:Somaliland
2807:Afrikaners
2685:2017-05-21
2548:2010-05-12
2336:15 January
1942:2010-05-18
1909:9004097902
1823:2017-03-07
1692:References
1556:Piranshahr
1466:A view of
1440:Kermanshah
1387:Ghassemlou
1347:Oshnaviyeh
1343:Piranshahr
1311:neutrality
1235:Lake Urmia
1180:Nader Shah
1124:Shah Abbas
1111:Lake Urmia
1033:Azarbaijan
1015:Khwarazmid
931:Kermanshah
747:Literature
524:Shaddadids
360:Kazakhstan
300:Azerbaijan
208:Population
3857:Kurdistan
3780:Australia
3395:Indonesia
3284:Kurdistan
3224:Argentina
3191:Greenland
3018:Catalonia
2252:(London:
2142:0020-5850
1918:258059134
1676:Kurdistan
1568:Oshnavieh
1558:. Sinne (
1260:Reza Shah
1256:Oshnavieh
1148:Mem û Zîn
1062:Tahmasp I
1039:. During
866:Yazdânism
861:Yarsanism
856:Shabakism
770:Languages
549:Hadhabani
544:Marwanids
514:Aishanids
504:Shahrizor
474:Zabdicene
380:Palestine
224:Kurdistan
3711:Wallonia
3625:Dalmatia
3543:Bulgaria
3505:Slovenia
3425:Thailand
3415:Mongolia
3410:Malaysia
3378:Cambodia
3234:Colombia
3013:Brittany
3008:Abkhazia
2872:Zambesia
2679:Archived
2655:Archived
2637:Archived
2619:Archived
2601:Archived
2583:Archived
2565:Archived
2523:Archived
2505:Archived
2487:Archived
2444:Archived
2354:Archived
2311:61425259
2277:, p. 278
2221:Archived
2192:cite web
2008:Archived
1977:Archived
1959:Archived
1861:rojhalat
1817:Archived
1797:22 April
1731:23 April
1660:See also
1570:(Şino),
1564:Sardasht
1560:Sanandaj
1509:Sanandaj
1468:Sanandaj
1285:Sardasht
1239:Hewraman
1136:Khorasan
1081:Adiabene
1073:Khorasan
1045:emirates
981:monarch
975:Sanandaj
967:Hawraman
955:Khanaqin
951:Karadagh
943:Khanaqin
927:Ayyarids
871:Yazidism
827:Religion
789:Kurmanji
742:Folklore
737:Language
707:Clothing
559:Ayyubids
539:Annazids
529:Rawadids
497:Medieval
491:Kayusids
479:Cyrtians
469:Corduene
394:Chechnya
385:Pakistan
292:Caucasia
273:Diaspora
216:Homeland
156:a series
154:Part of
136:Kurmanji
3773:Oceania
3754:Ireland
3723:Austria
3718:Germany
3701:Celtics
3696:Belgium
3678:Karelia
3673:Finland
3620:Corsica
3587:Galicia
3548:Croatia
3526:Albania
3510:Ukraine
3498:Ukraine
3476:Romania
3466:Moldova
3461:Hungary
3451:Belarus
3435:Vietnam
3262:Assyria
3255:Artsakh
3250:Armenia
3138:Somalia
3133:Morocco
3058:Oceania
3028:Lezghin
2952:Nagalim
2947:Madhesh
2902:Assyria
2832:Kabylia
2827:Haratin
2696:Sources
2675:Reuters
2382:p. 171.
2150:3017874
2072:, p. 67
1892:"Kurds"
1552:Mahabad
1545:Mahabad
1505:Mahabad
1403:Komalah
1335:Mahabad
1323:Mahabad
1313:in the
1293:Mariwan
1251:Pahlavi
1247:Halabja
1243:Marivan
1176:Isfahan
1172:Hamadan
1120:Mahabad
1116:Ottoman
1103:Safavid
1053:Ardalan
1049:Mahabad
1041:Safavid
1037:Ardabil
1003:Hamadan
947:Ardalan
945:). The
935:Dinawar
851:Judaism
712:Cuisine
695:Culture
589:Mokryan
579:Badinan
574:Ardalan
484:Moxoene
456:Ancient
443:History
420:Ukraine
365:Lebanon
325:Germany
315:Finland
310:Denmark
304:Georgia
296:Armenia
282:Belgium
142:History
48:Kurdish
3706:France
3655:Ticino
3630:Istria
3575:Kosovo
3570:Serbia
3558:Enosis
3553:Greece
3493:Crimea
3488:Russia
3471:Poland
3314:Cyprus
3309:Turkey
3299:Israel
3279:Cyprus
3196:Mexico
3186:Canada
3171:Mexico
3159:Canada
3121:Africa
3001:Europe
2982:Taiwan
2867:Yoruba
2837:Ogaden
2822:Biafra
2800:Africa
2430:p. 94.
2424:
2406:p. 28.
2396:
2376:
2309:
2299:
2273:
2148:
2140:
2103:
2068:
2031:
2005:DIMDIM
1916:
1906:
1873:rojava
1865:bashur
1754:
1529:Tehran
1345:, and
1277:Tehran
1272:Allied
1168:Afghan
1107:Dimdim
1069:Alborz
1013:, the
1007:Zagros
965:, and
959:Kirkuk
839:Spread
814:Gorani
799:Xwarin
794:Sorani
600:Modern
569:Badlis
519:Daisam
415:Turkey
405:Sweden
390:Russia
375:Norway
355:Jordan
345:Israel
330:Greece
320:France
287:Canada
229:Turkey
188:People
150:
105:Turkey
3790:Samoa
3650:Savoy
3640:Malta
3615:Corfu
3610:Italy
3603:Italy
3582:Spain
3430:Timor
3405:Korea
3400:Japan
3383:China
3352:Nepal
3347:India
3326:Yemen
3304:Syria
3229:Chile
3033:Savoy
2987:Tibet
2972:Sindh
2927:Hmong
2847:Oromo
2842:Ogoni
2184:(PDF)
2146:JSTOR
1900:Brill
1869:bakur
1793:. CFR
1725:Rûdaw
1687:Notes
1580:Saqiz
1576:Bokan
1572:Baneh
1513:Urmia
1339:Bukan
1289:Baneh
1281:Baneh
1270:When
1231:Simko
1196:Qajar
999:Bahar
979:Qajar
963:Kifri
834:Islam
752:Music
722:Dance
594:Baban
584:Soran
564:Zands
400:Syria
350:Japan
259:Syria
113:Syria
69:Kurds
3645:Nice
3294:Iraq
3289:Iran
3201:Cuba
3065:Guam
2977:Sulu
2897:Aceh
2890:Asia
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