Knowledge (XXG)

Eastern Indo-Aryan languages

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181: 1225: 1007:, while western Indo-Aryan languages do not. It is suggested that "pre-Munda" ("proto-" in regular terminology) languages may have once dominated the eastern 1079:
South Asian folklore: an encyclopedia : Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, By Peter J. Claus, Sarah Diamond, Margaret Ann Mills, Routledge, 2003, p. 203
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The exact scope of the Eastern branch of the Indo-Aryan languages is controversial. All scholars agree about a kernel that includes the
1218: 1142:"Indo-Aryan – a house divided? Evidence for the east–west Indo-Aryan divide and its significance for the study of northern South Asia" 2754: 1065: 329:
When the Bihari languages are included, the Eastern Indo-Aryan languages fall into four language groups in two broader categories:
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Reconstructing linguistic history in a dialect continuum: The Kamta, Rajbanshi, and Northern Deshi Bangla subgroup of Indo-Aryan
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Cardona, George; Jain, Dhanesh, eds. (2003), "The historical context and development of Indo-Aryan",
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By August Friedrich Rudolf Hoernle, Sir George Abraham Grierson (1885)
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Ivani, Jessica K.; Paudyal, Netra; Peterson, John (2020-09-01).
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display many morphosyntactic features similar to those of
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Grammatical features of the Eastern Indo-Aryan languages:
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A Comparative dictionary of the Bihārī language, Volume 1
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The prehistorical spread of Austro-Asiatic in South Asia
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The widest scope was proposed by 25: 464:Central Kochila (Saptariya Tharu) 2932:(unknown further classification) 3070:History of the Bengali language 284:, which descends from Magadhan 314:, while many also include the 272:are the official languages of 1: 27:Language family of South Asia 3065:Eastern Indo-Aryan languages 1193:Toulmin, Mathew W S (2006). 204:, are spoken throughout the 198:Eastern Indo-Aryan languages 18:Eastern Indo-Aryan language 3086: 312:Bengali–Assamese languages 299: 3009: 163:(Indo-Aryan Eastern zone) 65:Linguistic classification 37: 2810:Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit 1119:Peterson, John (2017). " 1094:The Indo-Aryan Languages 1058:The Indo-Aryan Languages 1036:The Indo-Aryan Languages 1032:"Chapter Eleven: "Oriya" 415:Kurmali (Panchpargania) 244:is official language of 3055:Languages of Bangladesh 1159:10.1515/jsall-2021-2029 913:-u, -ru, -ʈʰaru, -ʈʰiru 635:(North-Central Bengali) 608:(South-Central Bengali) 518:Kochariya-East Danuwar 3018:Indo-Iranian languages 1030:Ray, Tapas S. (2007). 602:(Southeastern Bengali) 320:Suniti Kumar Chatterji 193: 2688:Maharashtrian Konkani 1126:11 April 2018 at the 1038:. Routledge. p. 445. 300:Further information: 183: 2976:Andaman Creole Hindi 2407:Bishnupriya Manipuri 2227:Caribbean Hindustani 1235:Indo-Aryan languages 1001:Indo-Aryan languages 847:-e, -er-e, di, -e-di 706:(Southern Jharkhand) 579:Bishnupriya Manipuri 350:Caribbean Hindustani 288:and ultimately from 186:Indo-Aryan languages 3023:Nuristani languages 2755:Mitanni superstrate 1361:Wotapuri-Katarqalai 1009:Indo-Gangetic Plain 730:(Southwestern Odia) 724:(Northwestern Odia) 507:Dewas Done Danuwar 422:Unclassified Bihari 382:(Southern Maithili) 210:Indian subcontinent 3060:Languages of Nepal 3050:Languages of India 2909:Proto-Indo-Iranian 2790:Early Ardhamagadhi 660:(Western Assamese) 654:(Western Assamese) 619:(Southern Bengali) 376:(Western Maithili) 202:Māgadhan languages 194: 85:Eastern Indo-Aryan 33:Eastern Indo-Aryan 3037: 3036: 3028:Iranian languages 2895: 2894: 2815:Dramatic Prakrits 2726: 2725: 2701: 2700: 2602: 2601: 2519: 2518: 2475:Rajbanshi (Nepal) 2372: 2371: 2192: 2191: 2038: 2037: 2028:list of languages 1725: 1724: 1678: 1677: 1594: 1593: 1436: 1435: 1044:978-1-135-79711-9 997: 996: 596:(Western Bengali) 575:(Eastern Bengali) 322:who included the 248:and the state of 212:, which includes 178: 177: 16:(Redirected from 3077: 2914:Proto-Indo-Aryan 2770: 2693:Canarese Konkani 2622: 2611: 2385: 2212: 2203: 2049: 1734: 1610: 1603: 1447: 1248: 1228: 1221: 1214: 1205: 1200: 1172: 1171: 1161: 1137: 1131: 1117: 1111: 1104: 1098: 1097: 1086: 1080: 1077: 1071: 1070: 1053: 1047: 1028: 922:-sə˜, -k -karəne 859:-e,e˜, sə˜, d̪ea 806: 736:(Koraputia Odia) 647:Eastern Assamese 561:Bengali–Assamese 553:Eastern Magadhan 410:Sadri (Nagpuri) 388:Eastern Maithili 385:Central Maithili 333:Western Magadhan 316:Bihari languages 200:, also known as 174: 170: 164: 160: 125:Bengali–Assamese 30: 21: 3085: 3084: 3080: 3079: 3078: 3076: 3075: 3074: 3040: 3039: 3038: 3033: 3032: 3005: 2968: 2962: 2918: 2901: 2891: 2851: 2794: 2780:Ashokan Prakrit 2759: 2722: 2697: 2671: 2616: 2598: 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948: 945: 942: 939: 936: 932: 931: 928: 925: 923: 920: 917: 916:-hat̪ɛ, t̪ʰaki 914: 911: 908: 905: 901: 900: 897: 894: 891: 888: 885: 882: 879: 876: 873: 869: 868: 865: 862: 860: 857: 854: 851: 850:-e, -re, -d̪ei 848: 845: 844:-t̪e, -ke d̪ie 842: 838: 837: 834: 831: 828: 825: 822: 819: 816: 813: 810: 800: 797: 795: 794: 793: 792: 767: 766: 765: 760: 755: 750: 745: 744: 743: 737: 731: 725: 719: 718:(Western Odia) 713: 712:(Central Odia) 707: 701: 688:Odia languages 685: 684: 683: 682: 681: 676: 671: 666: 661: 655: 649: 638: 637: 636: 630: 625: 620: 614: 609: 603: 597: 591: 586: 581: 576: 556: 554: 551: 549: 548: 547: 546: 545: 544: 543: 542: 541: 540: 537: 529: 528: 527: 526: 525: 522: 516: 515: 514: 511: 497: 492: 487: 486: 485: 480: 475: 470: 469: 468: 465: 462: 454: 449: 444: 443: 442: 437:Dangaura Tharu 434: 419: 418: 417: 412: 402: 401: 400: 397: 394: 389: 386: 383: 377: 366: 365: 364: 354: 353: 352: 336: 334: 331: 297: 296:Classification 294: 206:eastern region 176: 175: 154: 148: 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1775: 1772: 1770: 1767: 1765: 1762: 1761: 1759: 1757: 1754: 1752: 1749: 1747: 1744: 1743: 1741: 1739: 1735: 1732: 1728: 1718: 1715: 1713: 1710: 1708: 1705: 1703: 1700: 1698: 1695: 1693: 1690: 1689: 1687: 1685: 1681: 1671: 1668: 1666: 1663: 1661: 1658: 1656: 1653: 1651: 1648: 1647: 1645: 1643: 1639: 1633: 1630: 1626: 1623: 1622: 1621: 1618: 1617: 1615: 1611: 1608: 1604: 1601: 1597: 1587: 1584: 1582: 1579: 1577: 1574: 1572: 1569: 1567: 1564: 1562: 1559: 1557: 1556:Mahasu Pahari 1554: 1552: 1549: 1547: 1544: 1542: 1539: 1537: 1534: 1532: 1529: 1527: 1524: 1522: 1519: 1517: 1514: 1512: 1509: 1507: 1504: 1503: 1501: 1499: 1495: 1489: 1486: 1484: 1481: 1480: 1478: 1474: 1468: 1465: 1463: 1460: 1458: 1455: 1454: 1452: 1448: 1445: 1443: 1439: 1429: 1426: 1424: 1421: 1419: 1416: 1414: 1411: 1409: 1406: 1404: 1401: 1399: 1396: 1395: 1393: 1389: 1383: 1380: 1378: 1375: 1374: 1372: 1368: 1362: 1359: 1357: 1354: 1352: 1349: 1347: 1344: 1342: 1339: 1338: 1336: 1332: 1326: 1323: 1322: 1320: 1316: 1310: 1307: 1305: 1302: 1300: 1297: 1295: 1292: 1290: 1287: 1285: 1282: 1280: 1277: 1276: 1274: 1270: 1264: 1261: 1259: 1256: 1255: 1253: 1249: 1246: 1244: 1240: 1236: 1229: 1224: 1222: 1217: 1215: 1210: 1209: 1206: 1198: 1197: 1191: 1189: 1187: 1183: 1182: 1178: 1169: 1165: 1160: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1143: 1136: 1133: 1129: 1125: 1122: 1116: 1113: 1109: 1103: 1100: 1095: 1091: 1090:Masica, Colin 1085: 1082: 1076: 1073: 1069: 1067:0-7007-1130-9 1063: 1059: 1052: 1049: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1033: 1027: 1025: 1021: 1014: 1012: 1010: 1006: 1002: 992: 989: 987: 984: 981: 978: 975: 972: 969: 966: 965: 961: 958: 955: 952: 949: 946: 943: 940: 937: 934: 933: 930:-lagi, -tône 929: 926: 924: 921: 918: 915: 912: 909: 906: 903: 902: 898: 895: 892: 889: 886: 883: 880: 877: 874: 871: 870: 866: 863: 861: 858: 855: 852: 849: 846: 843: 840: 839: 835: 832: 829: 826: 823: 820: 817: 814: 811: 808: 807: 804: 798: 791: 787: 783: 779: 776: 775: 773: 772: 768: 764: 761: 759: 756: 754: 751: 749: 746: 741: 738: 735: 732: 729: 726: 723: 720: 717: 714: 711: 708: 705: 702: 699: 696: 695: 694: 691: 690: 689: 686: 680: 677: 675: 672: 670: 667: 665: 662: 659: 656: 653: 650: 648: 645: 644: 642: 639: 634: 631: 629: 626: 624: 621: 618: 615: 613: 610: 607: 604: 601: 598: 595: 592: 590: 587: 585: 582: 580: 577: 574: 571: 570: 569: 566: 565: 563: 562: 558: 557: 552: 538: 535: 534: 533: 530: 523: 520: 519: 517: 512: 509: 508: 506: 505: 504: 501: 500: 498: 496: 493: 491: 488: 484: 481: 479: 476: 474: 471: 466: 463: 460: 459: 458: 457:Kochila Tharu 455: 453: 450: 448: 445: 440: 439: 438: 435: 432: 431: 430: 428: 425: 424: 423: 420: 416: 413: 411: 408: 407: 406: 403: 398: 395: 393: 390: 387: 384: 381: 378: 375: 372: 371: 370: 367: 363: 360: 359: 358: 355: 351: 348: 347: 346: 343: 342: 341: 338: 337: 332: 330: 327: 325: 324:Eastern Hindi 321: 317: 313: 309: 303: 295: 293: 291: 287: 283: 279: 275: 271: 267: 263: 259: 255: 251: 247: 243: 239: 235: 231: 227: 226:Bengal region 223: 219: 218:Uttar Pradesh 215: 211: 207: 203: 199: 191: 187: 182: 169: 159: 155: 153: 149: 143: 142: 138: 136: 133: 131: 128: 126: 123: 122: 120: 110: 107: 106: 105: 101: 95: 86: 83: 82: 81: 78: 77: 76: 73: 72: 71: 70:Indo-European 68: 66: 62: 59: 55: 51: 47: 41: 36: 31: 19: 2981:Bombay Hindi 2923:Unclassified 2820:Ardhamagadhi 2647:Berar Deccan 2501:Chittagonian 2494:Chittagonian 2197: 1987:Vaagri Booli 1952:Pauri Bareli 1947:Palya Bareli 1912:Dhodia–Kukna 1786:Parkari Koli 1599:Northwestern 1289:Kundal Shahi 1195: 1185: 1149: 1145: 1135: 1115: 1108:Toulmin 2006 1102: 1093: 1084: 1075: 1057: 1051: 1035: 998: 841:Instrumental 802: 769: 687: 589:Chittagonian 559: 521:East Danuwar 513:Done Danuwar 429: 421: 339: 328: 308:Odia cluster 305: 258:Barak valley 201: 197: 195: 139: 118:Subdivisions 84: 75:Indo-Iranian 45:distribution 2969:and creoles 2951:Lahul Lohar 2830:Maharashtri 2427:Mal Paharia 2417:Kharia Thar 2059:Braj Bhasha 693:Odia Family 250:West Bengal 98:Early forms 56:, southern 3044:Categories 2872:Apabhraṃśa 2858:Apabhraṃśa 2835:Shauraseni 2551:Bodo Parja 2536:Sambalpuri 2468:Goalpariya 2442:Tanchangya 2432:Noakhailla 2357:Bote-Darai 2168:Fiji Hindi 2137:Sadhukkadi 2108:Judeo-Urdu 2074:Hindustani 1864:Shekhawati 1806:Rajasthani 1791:Saurashtra 1516:Bhadarwahi 1346:Gawar-Bati 1015:References 899:-gu, -gur 821:Rajbangshi 748:Bodo Parja 728:Kalahandia 722:Sundargadi 716:Sambalpuri 704:Singhbhumi 658:Goalpariya 628:Tanchangya 617:Sundarbani 600:Noakhailla 532:Bote-Darai 473:Rana Tharu 286:Apabhraṃśa 246:Bangladesh 190:South Asia 80:Indo-Aryan 54:Bangladesh 43:Geographic 2958:Sheikhgal 2902:languages 2867:Abahattha 2847:Paishachi 2748:Classical 2713:Maldivian 2485:Surjapuri 2451:Kamarupic 2353:Kuswaric 2215:Bhojpuric 2003:Khandeshi 1536:Chambeali 1531:Bilaspuri 1428:Mankiyali 1356:Shumashti 1351:Nangalami 1263:Kishtwari 1168:2196-078X 982:-t̪, -ɔt̪ 979:-t̪, -ɔt̪ 953:-ker (-k) 824:Surjapuri 698:Baleswari 674:Rajbanshi 669:Surjapuri 641:Kamarupic 524:Kochariya 510:Dewas Rai 499:Kuswaric 282:Abahattha 222:Jharkhand 152:Glottolog 3014:See also 2996:Nefamese 2991:Nagamese 2882:Kamarupi 2842:Gāndhārī 2799:Middle ( 2738:Sanskrit 2676:Konkanic 2625:Marathic 2615:Marathi– 2607:Southern 2511:Rohingya 2480:Rangpuri 2458:Assamese 2422:Kurmukar 2400:dialects 2380:Kamarupa 2264:Maithili 2257:Maithili 2222:Bhojpuri 2127:Kannauji 2089:Hinglish 2069:Haryanvi 1834:Dhundari 1774:Wadiyara 1756:Jandavra 1751:Gujarati 1738:Gujarati 1660:Khetrani 1625:dialects 1581:Sirmauri 1561:Jaunsari 1551:Mandeali 1546:Pangwali 1526:Bhateali 1483:Garhwali 1442:Northern 1408:Chilisso 1284:Brokskat 1258:Kashmiri 1251:Kashmiri 1124:Archived 1092:(1991). 999:Eastern 970:-e, -t̪e 967:Locative 962:-r, -ôr 935:Genitive 904:Ablative 875:-ke, -re 867:-re, di 864:le, leka 836:Sylheti 830:Bhojpuri 827:Maithili 815:Assamese 799:Features 664:Rangpuri 633:Varendri 612:Rohingya 594:Manbhumi 369:Maithili 345:Bhojpuri 310:and the 266:Assamese 256:and the 173:(Bihari) 168:biha1245 158:indo1323 48:Eastern 38:Magadhan 2967:Pidgins 2946:Chinali 2936:Bazigar 2930:Badeshi 2825:Magadhi 2801:Prakrit 2718:Sinhala 2706:Insular 2683:Konkani 2662:Katkari 2657:Phudagi 2637:Varhadi 2632:Marathi 2617:Konkani 2589:Bhunjia 2463:Kamrupi 2437:Sylheti 2395:Bengali 2388:Bengali 2349:Kumhali 2316:Kochila 2304:Tharuic 2295:Kurmali 2283:Sadanic 2274:Bajjika 2248:Khortha 2198:Eastern 2158:Bagheli 2146:Eastern 2103:Deccani 2079:Kauravi 2064:Bundeli 2052:Western 2044:Central 2013:Dawoodi 2008:Lambadi 1932:Bhilori 1902:Bhilali 1849:Marwari 1839:Harauti 1769:Parkari 1730:Western 1697:Kholosi 1692:Jadgali 1670:Saraiki 1620:Punjabi 1613:Eastern 1606:Punjabi 1576:Hinduri 1521:Churahi 1498:Western 1488:Kumaoni 1476:Central 1450:Eastern 1377:Kalasha 1370:Chitral 1325:Pashayi 1318:Pashayi 1294:Kalkoti 993:-t, -ô 973:-t, -ɒt 950:-r, -ɛr 947:-r, -ɛr 941:-r, -ɒr 938:-r, -er 907:-t̪ʰeke 887:-k, -ɔk 884:-k, -ɔk 878:-k, -ɒk 812:Bengali 786:Bhunjia 740:Ganjami 652:Kamrupi 623:Sylheti 573:Bangali 495:Kumhali 441:Dangaha 427:Tharuic 405:Sadanic 374:Bajjika 362:Khortha 254:Tripura 242:Bengali 230:Tripura 208:of the 171:  161:  104:Prakrit 2900:Proto- 2856:Late ( 2765:Middle 2667:Kadodi 2594:Nahari 2571:Halbic 2546:Bhatri 2506:Chakma 2412:Hajong 2378:Gauda– 2362:Danwar 2342:Others 2333:Musasa 2269:Angika 2243:Magahi 2236:Magahi 2207:Bihari 2177:Others 2153:Awadhi 2118:Rekhta 2093:Urdish 2023:Romani 2018:Domari 1996:Others 1977:Vasavi 1962:Pardhi 1942:Magari 1937:Mawchi 1927:Bauria 1917:Dhanki 1907:Chodri 1879:Nimadi 1869:Dhatki 1859:Mewari 1854:Mewati 1829:Gujari 1824:Loarki 1819:Goaria 1796:Vaghri 1717:Sindhi 1712:Memoni 1707:Luwati 1702:Kutchi 1684:Sindhi 1650:Hindko 1642:Lahnda 1586:Sarazi 1566:Kullui 1511:Kangri 1467:Nepali 1457:Doteli 1423:Tirahi 1418:Kalami 1403:Bateri 1382:Khowar 1341:Dameli 1304:Palula 1299:Ushoji 1243:Dardic 1166:  1064:  1042:  872:Dative 790:Nahari 771:Halbic 753:Bhatri 710:Kataki 679:Hajong 584:Chakma 568:Gaudic 503:Danwar 483:Musasa 396:Jolaha 392:Thēthi 380:Angika 357:Magahi 340:Bihari 278:Odisha 264:while 238:Odisha 236:, and 184:Major 135:Halbic 130:Bihari 3001:Vedda 2773:Early 2743:Vedic 2652:Varli 2584:Kamar 2579:Halbi 2561:Kupia 2541:Desia 2328:Majhi 2321:Buksa 2311:Tharu 2290:Sadri 2184:Parya 2132:Sansi 2084:Hindi 1982:Wagdi 1972:Kalto 1967:Gamit 1922:Dubli 1897:Bhili 1844:Malvi 1814:Bagri 1764:Kachi 1760:Koli 1632:Sansi 1541:Gaddi 1506:Dogri 1462:Jumli 1413:Gowro 1334:Kunar 1279:Shina 1272:Shina 1110::148) 910:-pɒra 896:-hənə 833:Tharu 782:Kamar 778:Halbi 763:Kupia 734:Desia 606:Rarhi 539:Darai 490:Majhi 478:Buksa 447:Sonha 399:Kisan 274:Assam 262:Assam 234:Assam 214:Bihar 58:Nepal 50:India 2785:Pāli 2642:Andh 2556:Reli 2531:Odia 2524:Odia 2098:Urdu 1889:Bhil 1655:Inku 1309:Sawi 1164:ISSN 1062:ISBN 1040:ISBN 890:-ke˜ 853:-d̪i 818:Odia 809:Case 758:Reli 536:Bote 276:and 270:Odia 268:and 196:The 141:Odia 2877:Elu 2731:Old 1746:Aer 1154:doi 990:-mə 976:-re 959:-ək 956:-kæ 944:-rɔ 919:-sɛ 893:-ke 881:-ku 260:of 188:of 3046:: 1874:Od 1162:. 1148:. 1144:. 1023:^ 927:se 856:sɛ 788:, 784:, 780:, 774:: 643:: 564:: 292:. 252:, 232:, 228:, 224:, 220:, 216:, 52:, 2860:) 2803:) 2091:/ 1227:e 1220:t 1213:v 1170:. 1156:: 1150:7 1106:( 1046:. 20:)

Index

Eastern Indo-Aryan language
India
Bangladesh
Nepal
Linguistic classification
Indo-European
Indo-Iranian
Indo-Aryan
Prakrit
Magadhi Prakrit
Bengali–Assamese
Bihari
Halbic
Odia
Glottolog
indo1323
biha1245

Indo-Aryan languages
South Asia
eastern region
Indian subcontinent
Bihar
Uttar Pradesh
Jharkhand
Bengal region
Tripura
Assam
Odisha
Bengali

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