1221:. Though most accounts agree Wilson respected Washington, he would not allow for him to be housed on campus with a member of the faculty (such arrangements had been made for all of the white guests coming from out of town to attend the ceremony) nor did Wilson invite Washington to either of the two dinner parties hosted by him and his wife following the event. Under Wilson, campus facilities remained segregated, and no African-Americans were hired as faculty or admitted as undergraduate students during his tenure. In 1909, Wilson received a letter from a young African-American man interested in applying to attend Princeton, Wilson had his assistant write back promptly that "it is altogether inadvisable for a colored man to enter Princeton." Princeton would not receive a single black student until 1947. In 1903, while speaking before a Princeton alumni group in Baltimore, Wilson made a joke at the expense of
1133:, Wilson wrote that governments could legitimately promote the general welfare "by forbidding child labor, by supervising the sanitary conditions of factories, by limiting the employment of women in occupations hurtful to their health, by instituting official tests of the purity or the quality of goods sold, by limiting the hours of labor in certain trades, by a hundred and one limitations of the power of unscrupulous or heartless men to out-do the scrupulous and merciful in trade or industry." He also wrote that charity efforts should be removed from the private domain and "made the imperative legal duty of the whole," a position which, according to historian Robert M. Saunders, seemed to indicate that Wilson "was laying the groundwork for the modern welfare state."
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1064:. Dixon says in his memoirs that "we became intimate friends.... I spent many hours with him in ." Dixon stayed at Johns Hopkins for only one semester before dropping out to pursue career on the stage. Wilson objected to Dixon's decision but the two remained friends. Though Dixon found great popular and financial success as both a writer and evangelical preaching, he is now known primarily as one of the time's most prolific promoters of white supremacy, being described as a "professional racist". In 1888, Dixon was asked to give
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822:. He proposed marriage in September 1883; she accepted, but they agreed to postpone marriage while Wilson attended graduate school. Wilson's marriage to Ellen was complicated by traumatic developments in her family; in late 1883, Ellen's father Edward, suffering from depression, was admitted to the Georgia State Mental Hospital where, in 1884, he committed suicide. After recovering from the initial shock, Ellen gained admission to the
826:. After graduation, she pursued portrait art and received a medal for one of her works from the Paris International Exposition. She happily agreed to sacrifice further independent artistic pursuits in order to keep her marriage commitment, and in 1885 she and Wilson married. She strongly supported his career and learned German so that she could help translate works of political science that were relevant to Wilson's research.
889:, Wilson's friendship with Peck became the topic of frank discussion between Wilson and his wife. Wilson historians have not conclusively established there was an affair; but Wilson did on one occasion write a musing in shorthand—on the reverse side of a draft for an editorial: "my precious one, my beloved Mary." Wilson also sent very personal letters to her which would later be used against him by his adversaries.
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1278:, Wilson dropped hints to some influential players in the Democratic Party of his interest in the ticket. While he had no real expectations of being placed on the ticket, he left instructions that he should not be offered the vice presidential nomination. Party regulars considered his ideas politically as well as geographically detached and fanciful, but the seeds had been sown.
1244:. He proposed moving the students into colleges, also known as quadrangles, but Wilson's Quad Plan was met with fierce opposition from Princeton's alumni. In October 1907, due to the intensity of alumni opposition, the Board of Trustees instructed Wilson to withdraw the Quad Plan. Late in his tenure, Wilson had a confrontation with
718:. Political scientist George W. Ruiz writes that Wilson's "admiration for the parliamentary style of government, and the desire to adapt some of its features to the American system, remained an enduring element of Woodrow Wilson's political thought." Wilson's essay on governmental reform was published in the
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extensively. At times Wilson referenced German sources, both as an academic and during the lead up to
America's entry into World War I; though he noted doing so took considerable time and effort as he was not fully fluent. Wilson hoped to become a professor, writing that "a professorship was the only
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Wilson's efforts to reform
Princeton earned him national notoriety, but they also took a toll on his health. In 1906, Wilson awoke to find himself blind in the left eye, the result of a blood clot and hypertension. Modern medical opinion surmises Wilson had suffered a stroke—he later was diagnosed,
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In June 1902, Princeton trustees promoted
Professor Wilson to president, replacing Patton, whom the trustees perceived to be an inefficient administrator. Wilson aspired, as he told alumni, "to transform thoughtless boys performing tasks into thinking men." He tried to raise admission standards and
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In
February 1890, with the help of friends, Wilson was elected by the Princeton University Board of Trustees to the Chair of Jurisprudence and Political Economy, at an annual salary of $ 3,000 (equivalent to $ 101,733 in 2023). He quickly gained a reputation as a compelling speaker; one student
1252:, who was a trustee. Wilson wanted to integrate a proposed graduate school building into the campus core, while West preferred a more distant campus site. In 1909, Princeton's board accepted a gift made to the graduate school campaign subject to the graduate school being located off campus.
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is the court-baron and its chairman lord-proprietor. These petty barons, some of them not a little powerful, but none of them within reach the full powers of rule, may at will exercise an almost despotic sway within their own shires, and may sometimes threaten to convulse even the realm
1082:, Dixon asked Wilson to screen the film at the White House, a request Wilson was happy to oblige for his old friend. The extremely racist nature of the film sparked great controversy as did Wilson's personal ties to Dixon; eventually Wilson reluctantly renounced the message of
1298:. Having lost the last five gubernatorial elections, New Jersey Democratic leaders decided to throw their support behind Wilson, an untested and unconventional candidate. Party leaders believed that Wilson's academic reputation made him the ideal spokesman against
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to replace the "gentleman's C" with serious study. To emphasize the development of expertise, Wilson instituted academic departments and a system of core requirements. Students were to meet in groups of six under the guidance of teaching assistants known as
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history, American history, political science, and other subjects. He sought to inspire "genuine living interest in the subjects of study" and asked students to "look into ancient times as if they were our own times." In 1888, Wilson left Bryn Mawr for
1072:. Dixon, replied by politely turning down the offer, recommending Wilson be chosen instead. Dixon, spoke in incredibly high terms of the then generally obscure Wilson. A reporter at Wake Forest who heard Dixon's praises of Wilson put a story on the
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feasible place for me, the only place that would afford leisure for reading and for original work, the only strictly literary berth with an income attached." During his time at Johns
Hopkins, Wilson took courses by eminent scholars such as
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in 1882. Though he found legal history and substantive jurisprudence interesting, he abhorred the day-to-day procedural aspects. After less than a year, he abandoned his legal practice to pursue the study of political science and history.
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in 1906, he met a socialite, Mary
Hulbert Peck. Their visits together became a regular occurrence on his return. Wilson in his letters home to Ellen openly related these gatherings as well his other social events. According to biographer
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announced that
Princeton would henceforth officially be known as Princeton University instead of the College of New Jersey, and he unveiled an ambitious program of expansion that included the establishment of a graduate school. In the
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and corruption, but they also hoped his inexperience in governing would make him easy to influence. Wilson agreed to accept the nomination if "it came to me unsought, unanimously, and without pledges to anybody about anything."
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in 1956 described Wilson's contribution to
Princeton: "Wilson was right in his conviction that Princeton must be more than a wonderfully pleasant and decent home for nice young men; it has been more ever since his time".
605:, a house of the Staunton First Presbyterian Church where Joseph served. Wilson's parents gave him the nickname "Tommy", which he used through his undergraduate college years. Before he was two, the family moved to
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to the
Princeton faculty, and is credited with helping to liberate the board from domination by conservative Presbyterians. However, Wilson also worked to keep African Americans out of the school, even as other
1108:. Wilson believed the Constitution had a "radical defect" because it did not establish a branch of government that could "decide at once and with conclusive authority what shall be done." He singled out the
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Wilson's earliest memory was of playing in his yard and standing near the front gate of the
Augusta parsonage at the age of three, when he heard a passerby announce in disgust that Abraham Lincoln had
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Having reorganized the school's curriculum and established the preceptorial system, Wilson next attempted to curtail the influence of social elites at Princeton by abolishing the upper-class
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Though a handful of elite, Northern schools did admit African-American students, at the time, most colleges refused to accept black students. Most African-American college students attended
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in the late 1830s. Joseph met Jessie while she was attending a girl's academy in Steubenville, and the two married on June 7, 1849. Soon after the wedding, Joseph was ordained as a
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Raymond A. Cook, "The Man behind The Birth of a Nation", North Carolina Historical Review, 39 (Oct. 1962), 519–40; Corliss, "D. W. Griffiths The Birth of a Nation 100 Years Later."
1140:, was published in 1893. It became a standard university textbook for teaching mid- and late-19th century U.S. history. In 1897, Houghton Mifflin published Wilson's biography on
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described him as "the greatest class-room lecturer I ever have heard." During his time as a professor at Princeton, he also delivered a series of lectures at Johns Hopkins,
961:, which grew out of a series of essays in which he examined the workings of the federal government. He received a Ph.D. in history of government from Johns Hopkins in 1886.
431:. The early life of Woodrow Wilson covers the time period from his birth in late 1856 through his entry into electoral politics in 1910. Wilson spent his early years in the
714:, as well as the declining power of the presidency in the aftermath of the Civil War, Wilson developed a plan to reform American government along the lines of the British
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Bimes, Terry; Skowronek, Stephen (1996). "Woodrow Wilson's Critique of Popular Leadership: Reassessing the Modern-Traditional Divide in Presidential History".
647:. Though Wilson's parents placed a high value on education, he struggled with reading and writing until the age of thirteen, possibly because of developmental
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schools were accepting small numbers of blacks. Wilson invited only one African-American guest (out of an estimated 150) to attend his installation ceremony,
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Dixon Jr., Thomas (1984). Crowe, Karen (ed.). Southern Horizons: The Autobiography of Thomas Dixon. Alexandria, Virginia: IWV Publishing. OCLC 11398740.
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741:. After poor health forced his withdrawal from the University of Virginia, Wilson continued to study law on his own while living with his parents in
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Wilson became disenchanted with his job due to the resistance to his recommendations, and he began considering a run for office. Prior to the
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1229:. Like many white Southerners, Wilson opposed Crum's appointment and in the course of his address referred to him as a "coon."
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During his academic career, Wilson authored several works of history and political science and became a regular contributor to
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After the end of the Civil War, Wilson began attending a nearby school, where classmates included future Supreme Court Justice
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1237:. He began to exhibit his father's traits of impatience and intolerance, which would on occasion lead to errors of judgment.
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It was during his early years as a student at Johns Hopkins that Wilson met and befriended classmate and fellow Southerner,
1197:. To fund these new programs, Wilson undertook an ambitious and successful fundraising campaign, convincing alumni such as
1144:; Berg describes it as "Wilson's poorest literary effort." Wilson's fourth major publication, a five-volume work entitled
1048:. Wilson's academic reputation continued to grow throughout the 1890s, and he turned down positions at Johns Hopkins, the
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551:(1822–1903) and Jessie Janet Woodrow (1826–1888). Wilson's paternal grandparents had immigrated to the United States from
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literary and debating society, and organized the Liberal Debating Society. He was also elected secretary of the school's
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1104:(1885), critically described the U.S. system of government and advocated adopting reforms to move the U.S. closer to a
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427:(December 28, 1856 – February 3, 1924) was an American politician and academic who served as the 28th
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from 1911 to 1913, a major progressive reformer and then finally, President of the United States from 1913 to 1921.
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1076:, giving Wilson his first national exposure. In 1915, when one of Dixon's books was made into a feature film,
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in North Carolina for the 1873–74 school year, but transferred as a freshman to the College of New Jersey (now
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Ray Stannard Baker and William E. Dodd (eds.) In six volumes. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1925–27.
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The Great Tax Wars: Lincoln to Wilson – The Fierce Battles over Money That Transformed the Nation
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and that a war was coming. By 1861, both of Wilson's parents had come to fully identify with the
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Ruiz, George W. (1989). "The Ideological Convergence of Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson".
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Arthur S. Link (ed.) In 69 volumes. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1967–1994.
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1294:, two leaders of New Jersey's Democratic Party, as a potential candidate in the upcoming
632:(PCUS) after it split from the Northern Presbyterians in 1861. He became minister of the
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3037:
The Birth of a Nation: A History of "The Most Controversial Motion Picture of All Time"
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1154:, and was published in 1902. In 1908, Wilson published his last major scholarly work,
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1129:, that was used widely in college courses throughout the country until the 1920s. In
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The New Freedom: A Call for the Emancipation of the Energies of a Generous People.
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team, founded a debate team, and taught graduate courses in political economy and
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association, and managing editor of the student newspaper. In the hotly contested
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2177:"Dixon's Play Is Not Indorsed by Wilson". Washington Times. April 30, 1915. p. 6.
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A Rage for Order: Black-White Relations in the American South Since Emancipation
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Reconsidering Woodrow Wilson: Progressivism, Internationalism, War, and Peace
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Following the death of his first wife, Wilson met and began a courtship with
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929:
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841:, was born in October 1889. Wilson and his family lived in a seven bedroom
2776:
The Politics of Woodrow Wilson: Selections from his Speeches and Writings
1116:"divided up, as it were, into forty-seven seignories, in each of which a
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585:. Wilson's maternal grandfather, Reverend Thomas Woodrow, migrated from
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A Crossroads of Freedom: The 1912 Campaign Speeches of Woodrow Wilson.
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O'Reilly, Kenneth (1997). "The Jim Crow Policies of Woodrow Wilson".
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John Wells Davidson (ed.) New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1956.
990:. Wilson taught at Bryn Mawr College from 1885 until 1888. He taught
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451:, Wilson taught at various schools before becoming the president of
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1225:, the recently appointed African-American customs officer for the
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20:
2719:
The Warrior and the Priest: Woodrow Wilson and Theodore Roosevelt
1248:, dean of the graduate school, and also West's ally ex-President
1052:, and other schools because he wanted to remain at Princeton.
729:
After graduating from Princeton in 1879, Wilson attended the
601:
pastor and assigned to serve in Staunton. Thomas was born in
1363:
In five volumes. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1901–02.
609:. Wilson grew up in a home where slave labor was utilized.
1148:, was the culmination of a series of articles written for
978:." That same year, Wilson accepted a teaching position at
628:. Wilson's father was one of the founders of the Southern
1322:
The State: Elements of Historical and Practical Politics.
957:. Wilson spent much of his time at Johns Hopkins writing
547:. He was the third of four children and the first son of
896:
in August 1914, the second year of Wilson's presidency.
837:, was born in August 1887. Their third and final child,
1560:
Testimony of classmate E.P. Davis in Josephus Daniels,
1314:
Congressional Government: A Study in American Politics.
3119:
Congressional Government, A Study in American Politics
1100:, an academic journal. Wilson's first political work,
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Congressional Government: A Study in American Politics
84:
1168:
History of Princeton University § Woodrow Wilson
1125:
Wilson's second publication was a textbook, entitled
659:. In 1873, Wilson became a communicant member of the
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universities. In order to successfully complete his
358:
Princeton School of Public and International Affairs
2865:, vol. 5 volumes, Princeton University Press,
1286:By January 1910, Wilson had drawn the attention of
655:, where his father was a theology professor at the
636:in Augusta, and the family lived there until 1870.
3151:Early lives of the presidents of the United States
2957:The Moralist: Woodrow Wilson and the World He Made
2878:
2627:
1579:The Moralist: Woodrow Wilson and the World He Made
833:, was born in April 1886, and their second child,
447:. After earning a Ph.D. in political science from
3016:In Search of Woodrow Wilson: Beliefs and Behavior
2976:Woodrow Wilson and the Roots of Modern Liberalism
2757:Woodrow Wilson: Ruling Elder, Spiritual President
1333:New York, London, Longmans, Green, and Co., 1893.
3099:Woodrow Wilson – The Man, His Times and His Task
1389:Constitutional Government in the United States.
1114:
853:on Princeton's campus. In 1913, Jessie married
818:, the daughter of a Presbyterian minister from
25:Woodrow Wilson, photograph by Pach Bros c. 1875
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2384:
2088:
2086:
2084:
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1156:Constitutional Government of the United States
539:Thomas Woodrow Wilson was born to a family of
1208:Wilson appointed the first Jew and the first
903:; the two married in a quiet ceremony at the
405:
8:
2121:
2119:
1400:New York: Thomas Y. Crowell & Co., 1908.
663:; he remained a member throughout his life.
2608:Woodrow Wilson and the Politics of Morality
1708:
1706:
1408:New York: Doubleday, Page & Co., 1913.
752:and made a brief attempt at establishing a
2294:Bragdon (1967); Walworth v. 1; Link (1947)
1564:Chicago: John C. Winston Co., 1924; p. 50.
1392:New York: Columbia University Press, 1908.
814:In 1883, Wilson met and fell in love with
412:
398:
28:
2834:Edith and Woodrow: The Wilson White House
2324:The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education
1338:An Old Master and Other Political Essays.
16:Early life of US president Woodrow Wilson
2935:Woodrow Wilson: The Years of Preparation
2045:
2043:
1341:New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1893.
630:Presbyterian Church in the United States
1517:
1489:
1397:The Free Life: A Baccalaureate Address.
739:Jefferson Literary and Debating Society
694:association, president of the school's
212:Louis Brandeis Supreme Court nomination
31:
1562:The Life of Woodrow Wilson, 1856–1924.
1357:New York: Harper & Brothers, 1897.
1110:United States House of Representatives
849:from 1896 to 1902, when they moved to
702:, Wilson declared his support for the
1419:Boston: Atlantic Monthly Press, 1923.
1036:, Wilson rejected Democratic nominee
722:after winning the approval of editor
651:. From 1870 to 1874, Wilson lived in
643:and future ambassador to Switzerland
7:
2740:. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group.
1572:
1570:
1423:The Public Papers of Woodrow Wilson.
859:High Commissioner to the Philippines
731:University of Virginia School of Law
187:United States occupation of Veracruz
3060:Woodrow Wilson, Volume I, Volume II
2911:The Presidents: A Reference History
2881:Wilson: The Road to the White House
2849:- Knowledge (XXG) article on book:
2276:Bimes & Skowronek (1996), p. 28
2204:Bimes & Skowronek (1996), p. 29
1361:The History of the American People.
1276:1908 Democratic National Convention
1270:Electoral history of Woodrow Wilson
1112:for particular criticism, writing,
869:under Wilson and later represented
96:28th President of the United States
2630:Woodrow Wilson: the Academic Years
661:Columbia First Presbyterian Church
532:, where he lived from 1859 to 1870
14:
3122:. Houghton, Mifflin and Company.
1346:Mere Literature and Other Essays.
1184:Prospect House, Wilson's home on
1162:President of Princeton University
880:When Wilson began vacationing in
90:New Jersey gubernatorial election
85:President of Princeton University
2831:Levin, Phyllis Lee (2001).
2736:Cooper, John Milton Jr. (2009).
2673:The Presidency of Woodrow Wilson
1330:Division and Reunion, 1829–1889.
1317:Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, 1885.
1040:and supported the conservative "
798:
784:
521:
504:
480:
471:
455:. Wilson later went onto become
385:
379:
36:
2774:Heckscher, August, ed. (1956).
2698:. Woodrow Wilson Center Press.
2444:Walworth (1958, vol. 1), p. 109
2195:Heckscher (1991), pp. 75–76, 83
1498:black colleges and universities
1349:Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1896.
1292:George Brinton McClellan Harvey
1056:Friendship with Thomas Dixon Jr
824:Art Students League of New York
776:, Wilson's future wife, in 1883
737:and served as president of the
733:, where he was involved in the
490:Woodrow Wilson's parents, Rev.
3097:White, William Allen (2007) .
2995:Presidential Studies Quarterly
2937:. Princeton University Press.
2812:Kennedy, Ross A., ed. (2013).
2676:. University Press of Kansas.
2670:Clements, Kendrick A. (1992).
2521:Bibliography of Woodrow Wilson
1682:Berg (2013), pp. 58–60, 64, 78
1655:Walworth (1958, vol. 1), ch. 4
1429:Study of public administration
1416:The Road Away from Revolution.
1146:History of the American People
686:fraternity, was active in the
582:The Western Herald and Gazette
429:president of the United States
1:
3130:– via Internet Archive.
2974:Pestritto, Ronald J. (2005).
2894:. Princeton University Press.
2890:Link, Arthur Stanley (1956).
2885:. Princeton University Press.
2877:Link, Arthur Stanley (1947).
2814:A Companion to Woodrow Wilson
1886:. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
1829:Berg (2013), pp. 123–124, 137
1533:Walworth (1958, vol. 1), p. 4
1445:The Papers of Woodrow Wilson.
1233:as his father had been, with
1007:. At Wesleyan he coached the
920:In late 1883, Wilson entered
792:Daughters Jessie and Margaret
700:presidential election of 1876
657:Columbia Theological Seminary
3014:Saunders, Robert M. (1998).
2978:. Rowman & Littlefield.
2908:. In Graff, Henry F. (ed.).
2453:Bragdon (1967), pp. 326–327.
2001:Heckscher (1991), pp. 93–94.
1983:Heckscher (1991), pp. 77–82.
1793:Heckscher (1991), pp. 71–73.
1775:Heckscher (1991), pp. 62–65.
1766:Heckscher (1991), pp. 58–59.
1458:Presidency of Woodrow Wilson
1201:and philanthropists such as
710:. Influenced by the work of
593:, England, before moving to
3076:Weisman, Steven R. (2002).
3039:. Oxford University Press.
2759:. Oxford University Press.
2528:Auchincloss, Louis (2000).
1897:"Edith Bolling Galt Wilson"
1884:National First Lady Library
1097:Political Science Quarterly
861:. In 1914, Eleanor married
748:Wilson was admitted to the
3172:
2791:Heckscher, August (1991).
2626:Bragdon, Henry W. (1967).
2518:
1577:O'Toole, Patricia (2018).
1267:
1256:Entry into politics (1910)
1165:
1034:1896 presidential election
743:Wilmington, North Carolina
223:1916 presidential election
119:1912 presidential election
3057:Walworth, Arthur (1958).
2816:. John Wiley & Sons.
2489:Heckscher (1991), p. 208.
2480:Heckscher (1991), p. 203.
2471:Heckscher (1991), p. 176.
2462:Heckscher (1991), p. 183.
2426:Heckscher (1991), p. 156.
2399:PWW, Vol. 15 at page 462.
2312:Heckscher (1991), p. 155.
2285:Heckscher (1991), p. 110.
2267:Heckscher (1991), p. 142.
2249:Heckscher (1991), p. 103.
2222:Heckscher (1991), p. 101.
2168:Berg (2013), pp. 349–350.
2126:Cook, Raymond A. (1974).
2028:Heckscher (1991), p. 104.
1865:Cooper (2009) pp. 99–101.
1856:Heckscher (1991), p. 174.
1325:Boston: D.C. Heath, 1889.
1235:hardening of the arteries
1205:to donate to the school.
1136:His third book, entitled
867:Secretary of the Treasury
634:First Presbyterian Church
543:and Scottish descent, in
528:Wilson's boyhood home in
348:Wilson and race relations
155:Woman Suffrage Procession
3116:Wilson, Woodrow (1885).
3082:. Simon & Schuster.
2959:. Simon & Schuster.
2933:Mulder, John H. (1978).
2553:. Simon & Schuster.
2507:Berg (2013), pp. 192–193
2498:Berg (2013), pp. 181–182
2435:Berg (2013), pp. 154–155
2417:Berg (2013), pp. 151–153
2303:Berg (2013), pp. 140–144
2258:Berg (2013), pp. 133–134
2186:Heckscher (1991), p. 83.
2049:Berg (2013), pp. 121–122
2037:Berg (2013), pp. 117–118
2019:Berg (2013), pp. 109–110
2010:Heckscher (1991), p. 96.
1992:Berg (2013), pp. 102–105
1920:Mulder (1978), pp. 71–72
1879:October 9, 2018, at the
1811:Heckscher (1991), p. 85.
1739:Heckscher (1991), p. 53.
1700:Heckscher (1991), p. 35.
1664:Heckscher (1991), p. 23.
1610:Auchinloss (2000), ch. 1
1581:. Simon & Schuster.
1102:Congressional Government
1066:the commencement address
970:Congressional Government
922:Johns Hopkins University
653:Columbia, South Carolina
449:Johns Hopkins University
261:Foreign policy 1917-1921
182:Federal Trade Commission
45:This article is part of
3033:Stokes, Melvyn (2007).
2892:Wilson: The New Freedom
2755:Hankins, Barry (2016).
2714:Cooper, John Milton Jr.
2692:Cooper, John Milton Jr.
2549:Berg, A. Scott (2013).
1974:Berg (2013), pp. 98–100
1965:Pestritto (2005), p. 34
1646:O'Toole (2018), pp. 1–2
1468:Woodrow Wilson and race
1005:Middletown, Connecticut
855:Francis Bowes Sayre Sr.
620:and they supported the
511:Wilson's birth home in
281:Against Austria-Hungary
192:Pancho Villa Expedition
2649:Brands, H. W. (2003).
2240:Saunders (1998), p. 13
1956:Berg (2013), pp. 95–98
1947:Berg (2013), pp. 93–95
1784:Berg (2013), pp. 89–92
1757:Berg (2013), pp. 84–86
1748:Berg (2013), pp. 82–83
1730:Berg (2013), pp. 72–73
1712:Berg (2013), pp. 70–72
1691:Berg (2013), pp. 64–66
1673:Berg (2013), pp. 45–49
1637:Berg (2013), pp. 38–39
1551:Berg (2013), pp. 28–29
1542:Berg (2013), pp. 27–28
1524:Heckscher (1991), p. 4
1478:William Jennings Bryan
1463:Joseph Patrick Tumulty
1296:gubernatorial election
1265:
1189:
1177:
1123:
1070:Wake Forest University
1050:University of Virginia
1038:William Jennings Bryan
988:Philadelphia Main Line
982:, a newly established
857:, who later served as
777:
618:Southern United States
457:governor of New Jersey
311:Paris Peace Conference
26:
3156:Careers by individual
2914:. Scribner. pp.
2213:Wilson (1885), p. 76.
1929:Pestritto (2005), 34.
1264:Governor Wilson, 1911
1263:
1183:
1175:
1084:The Birth of a Nation
1079:The Birth of a Nation
1029:Francis Landey Patton
940:, Wilson studied the
847:Princeton, New Jersey
772:
563:in 1807, settling in
549:Joseph Ruggles Wilson
425:Thomas Woodrow Wilson
336:Judicial appointments
177:Clayton Antitrust Act
24:
2902:Link, Arthur Stanley
2859:Link, Arthur Stanley
1619:Cooper (2009), p. 17
1601:Cooper (2008), p. 95
1433:Public Affairs Press
1219:Booker T. Washington
1138:Division and Reunion
1106:parliamentary system
947:Herbert Baxter Adams
875:United States Senate
865:, who served as the
863:William Gibbs McAdoo
720:International Review
716:parliamentary system
676:political philosophy
672:Princeton University
453:Princeton University
368:Presidential Library
321:Treaty of Versailles
202:Daylight saving time
3063:. Longmans, Green.
3018:. Greenwood Press.
2605:Blum, John (1956).
2360:Berg (2013), p. 155
2134:Lexington, Kentucky
2076:Berg (2013), p. 132
2067:Berg (2013), p. 130
2058:Berg (2013), p. 128
1847:Berg (2013), p. 328
1838:Berg (2013), p. 317
1820:Berg (2013), p. 112
1802:Berg (2013), p. 107
1721:Ruiz (1989), p. 166
1628:White (1925), ch. 2
1246:Andrew Fleming West
1021:New York Law School
1001:Wesleyan University
955:J. Franklin Jameson
829:Their first child,
645:Pleasant A. Stovall
641:Joseph Rucker Lamar
291:American home front
266:Zimmermann telegram
172:Federal Reserve Act
80:South Carolina home
1938:Berg (2013), p. 92
1354:George Washington.
1266:
1227:port of Charleston
1190:
1178:
1118:standing committee
907:in December 1915.
901:Edith Bolling Galt
816:Ellen Louise Axson
778:
735:Virginia Glee Club
626:American Civil War
567:. His grandfather
565:Steubenville, Ohio
545:Staunton, Virginia
513:Staunton, Virginia
27:
3108:978-1-4067-7685-0
3089:978-0-684-85068-9
3046:978-0-19-533679-5
3035:D. W. Griffith's
3025:978-0-313-30520-7
2985:978-0-7425-1517-8
2966:978-0-7432-9809-4
2953:O'Toole, Patricia
2944:978-0-691-04647-1
2925:978-0-684-31226-2
2852:Edith and Woodrow
2844:978-0-7432-1158-1
2823:978-1-118-44540-2
2804:978-0-684-19312-0
2766:978-0-19-102818-2
2729:978-0-674-94750-4
2722:, Belknap Press,
2705:978-0-8018-9074-1
2683:978-0-7006-0523-1
2662:978-0-8050-6955-6
2641:978-0-674-73395-4
2634:. Belknap Press.
2618:978-0-316-10021-2
2611:. Little, Brown.
2560:978-0-7432-0675-4
2541:978-0-670-88904-4
2378:Gerstle, 106-107.
1588:978-0-7432-9809-4
1502:Howard University
1411:
1384:
1199:Moses Taylor Pyne
1142:George Washington
980:Bryn Mawr College
975:Federalist Papers
820:Savannah, Georgia
724:Henry Cabot Lodge
706:and its nominee,
595:Chillicothe, Ohio
494:and Jessie Wilson
422:
421:
326:League of Nations
306:Wilsonian Armenia
271:Thrasher incident
62:
61:
3163:
3131:
3112:
3093:
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3029:
3010:
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2970:
2948:
2929:
2906:"Woodrow Wilson"
2895:
2886:
2884:
2873:
2848:
2827:
2808:
2797:. Easton Press.
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1025:Colorado College
966:Houghton Mifflin
894:Bright's disease
892:Ellen died from
887:August Heckscher
806:Daughter Eleanor
802:
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708:Samuel J. Tilden
704:Democratic Party
668:Davidson College
666:Wilson attended
607:Augusta, Georgia
530:Augusta, Georgia
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437:Augusta, Georgia
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167:Silent Sentinels
150:Women's suffrage
138:1st inauguration
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2655:. Times Books.
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2326:(17): 117–121.
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1058:
1013:Western history
984:women's college
964:In early 1885,
942:German language
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911:Academic career
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286:Against Germany
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3101:. Read Books.
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3001:(1): 159–177.
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2694:, ed. (2008).
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951:Richard T. Ely
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2369:Gerstle, 106.
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2031:
2025:
2022:
2016:
2013:
2007:
2004:
1998:
1995:
1989:
1986:
1980:
1977:
1971:
1968:
1962:
1959:
1953:
1950:
1944:
1941:
1935:
1932:
1926:
1923:
1917:
1914:
1906:September 14,
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1067:
1063:
1055:
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1042:Gold Democrat
1039:
1035:
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1016:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
997:
993:
992:ancient Greek
989:
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840:
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832:
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825:
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817:
801:
787:
775:
771:
765:Personal life
764:
762:
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736:
732:
727:
725:
721:
717:
713:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
684:Phi Kappa Psi
682:, joined the
681:
677:
673:
669:
664:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
637:
635:
631:
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604:
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596:
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588:
584:
583:
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531:
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351:
349:
346:
342:
341:Supreme Court
339:
338:
337:
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333:
327:
324:
322:
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317:
314:
312:
309:
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302:
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296:Espionage Act
294:
292:
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279:
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203:
200:
198:
197:Coalfield War
195:
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188:
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180:
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175:
173:
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168:
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99:
98:
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2837:. Scribner.
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2576:(1): 27–63.
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2281:
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2263:
2254:
2245:
2236:
2227:
2218:
2209:
2200:
2191:
2182:
2173:
2164:
2129:Thomas Dixon
2128:
2109:
2102:
2101:Williamson,
2097:
2072:
2063:
2054:
2033:
2024:
2015:
2006:
1997:
1988:
1979:
1970:
1961:
1952:
1943:
1934:
1925:
1916:
1904:. Retrieved
1900:
1891:
1883:
1870:
1861:
1852:
1843:
1834:
1825:
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1789:
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1396:
1388:
1360:
1353:
1345:
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1273:
1242:eating clubs
1239:
1231:
1223:William Crum
1207:
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1126:
1124:
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614:been elected
611:
599:Presbyterian
581:
577:anti-slavery
571:published a
569:James Wilson
538:
435:, mainly in
423:
373:Wilsonianism
353:Wilson House
75:Boyhood home
18:
2515:Works cited
2408:Gerty, 105.
2390:Gestle, 107
1186:Princeton's
1074:nation wire
1044:" nominee,
1027:. In 1896,
905:White House
845:house near
774:Ellen Axson
750:Georgia bar
624:during the
622:Confederacy
579:newspaper,
541:Scots-Irish
256:World War I
218:Second term
207:Banana Wars
3140:Categories
3069:1031728326
2778:. Harper.
2534:. Viking.
1215:Ivy League
1195:preceptors
1166:See also:
968:published
871:California
573:pro-tariff
463:Early life
228:Convention
133:Transition
124:Convention
114:First term
101:Presidency
70:Early life
3128:504641398
2784:564752499
2598:147062744
2340:1077-3711
2156:878907961
1512:Citations
1410:—Speeches
1131:The State
1127:The State
930:Baltimore
916:Professor
603:The Manse
441:Civil War
3007:40574572
2955:(2018).
2904:(2002).
2716:(1983),
1877:Archived
1500:such as
1452:See also
1151:Harper's
1121:itself."
1009:football
926:graduate
924:, a new
831:Margaret
696:baseball
692:football
649:dyslexia
591:Carlisle
553:Strabane
316:Big Four
106:Timeline
2916:365–388
2871:3660132
2590:3235274
2348:2963252
1435:, 1955)
986:on the
882:Bermuda
873:in the
839:Eleanor
758:Atlanta
680:history
587:Paisley
561:Ireland
3126:
3105:
3086:
3067:
3043:
3022:
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2869:
2863:Wilson
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2570:Polity
2557:
2551:Wilson
2538:
2346:
2338:
2154:
2144:
2138:Twayne
1585:
1382:Vol. 5
1378:Vol. 4
1374:Vol. 3
1370:Vol. 2
1366:Vol. 1
1300:trusts
1188:campus
1090:Author
1023:, and
953:, and
934:German
835:Jessie
492:Joseph
3003:JSTOR
2594:S2CID
2586:JSTOR
2344:JSTOR
1484:Notes
1307:Works
996:Roman
938:Ph.D.
3124:OCLC
3103:ISBN
3084:ISBN
3065:OCLC
3041:ISBN
3020:ISBN
2980:ISBN
2961:ISBN
2939:ISBN
2920:ISBN
2867:OCLC
2839:ISBN
2818:ISBN
2799:ISBN
2780:OCLC
2761:ISBN
2742:ISBN
2724:ISBN
2700:ISBN
2678:ISBN
2657:ISBN
2636:ISBN
2613:ISBN
2555:ISBN
2536:ISBN
2336:ISSN
2152:OCLC
2142:ISBN
1908:2021
1583:ISBN
1290:and
994:and
688:Whig
678:and
575:and
443:and
2578:doi
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756:in
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2544:.
2350:.
2330::
2158:.
1910:.
1591:.
1504:.
413:e
406:t
399:v
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