381:
1849:
235:
565:
were well-educated, with 55 percent having completed a graduate degree. However, some researchers have noted that black scholars, teachers, and higher-education administrators are rarely, if ever, included on the list. The list exclusively focuses on entertainment figures, politicians, philanthropists, and entrepreneurs.
745:
The remaining writers settled their lawsuit with the company in
February 2018. The magazine owners were ordered to pay $ 80,000 Ebony Media Operations, Clear View Group and the National Writers Union agreed that all unpaid invoices would be paid over four quarterly installments by the end of 2018. In
737:
In 2017, 50 freelance writers created a social media campaign #EbonyOwes due to not being paid by the magazines' current owner, Clear View Group. In response to the campaign, Clear View Group made an effort to pay 11 of the 50 writers $ 18,000, ending with only three being paid in full. In late 2017,
728:
liquidation, it sold its historic photo archives including the prints and negatives to a consortium of foundations to be made available to the public. After suspending the print edition of the magazine in May 2019, Clear View Group and Ebony Media
Operations laid off the majority of the editing staff
564:
One of the most famous aspects of the magazine was its list of "100 Most
Influential Blacks". This list—which began in 1963, took a hiatus until 1971, and has continued on ever since—lists those who have made the greatest impact in the African-American community during the year. Most of those listed
462:
reached over 40% of the
African-American adults in the United States during the 1980s, a feat unmatched by any other general–interest magazine at the time. Beginning in the mid-1970s, advertisers created customized ads for the magazine which featured African-American models using their products. In
396:
We like to look at the zesty side of life. Sure, you can get all hot and bothered about the race question (and don't think we don't), but not enough is said about all the swell things we
Negroes can do and will accomplish. Ebony will try to mirror the happier side of Negro life – the positive,
405:. Articles were published about political events happening all over the U.S. where activists protested racial violence and advocated for increasing social mobility for African Americans across the diaspora. Also published was content about the
278:. He sought to address African-American issues, personalities and interests in a positive and self-affirming manner. Its cover photography typically showcases African-American public figures, including entertainers and politicians, such as
540:
s publishing schedule was changed from being published monthly to a double issue published once each month. On May 24, 2019, Clear View Group suspended the print edition of the magazine, with the Spring 2019 issue the last to be printed.
42:
432:'s design and content began to shift in the late–1960s and early–1970s. A new level of competition for subscribers and readers began during the 1970s. Due to the emergence of new African-American oriented magazines such as
3457:
746:
October 2018, the magazines' owner missed its third quarter payment and another lawsuit was filed in
November 2018. Clear View Group made the final payment to the writers in December 2018.
3462:
421:
also commemorated historical events that contributed to black citizenship and freedom such as the
September 1963 issue that honored the 100th anniversary of the Emancipation Proclamation.
3356:
362:
was founded by John H. Johnson in 1945. The magazine was named by
Johnson's wife, Eunice Walker Johnson, thinking of the dark wood. The magazine was patterned after the format of
377:'s earlier content focused on African-American sports and entertainment figures, but eventually began including black achievers and celebrities of many different professions.
1700:
797:
522:′s more conservative readers objected to the cover, stating it was inappropriate to feature an unwed, pregnant woman on the cover. The cover made national headlines in
1936:
610:
In August 2008, the magazine had published a special eight-cover edition featuring the "25 Coolest
Brothers of All Time". The lineup featured popular figures like
2648:
706:
to private equity firm Clear View Group. In May 2017, the editorial staff for the magazine moved from
Chicago to Los Angeles along with the editorial staff for
2998:
1666:
3482:
602:
In 2018, the magazine published a series highlighting Black families from across the United States with the intention of showcasing Black family dynamics.
1008:
1714:
3361:
3351:
1801:
952:
3245:
3026:
3472:
2978:
2747:
2733:
1637:
442:
began to cover more political activism and achievements in the 1970s. The magazine's February 1971 cover featured 13 black congressmen and women.
3447:
1896:
1860:
1267:
Pollay, Richard W.; Lee, Jung S.; Carter-Whitney, David (March 1992). "Separate, but Not Equal: Racial Segmentation in Cigarette Advertising".
845:
Barnett, Marlo; Flynn, Joseph E. (2014). "A Century of Celebration: Disrupting Stereotypes and Portrayals of African Americans in the Media".
2831:
1321:
1213:
Anderson, Mia L. (December 2015). "'I Dig You, Chocolate City': Ebony and Sepia Magazines' Coverage of Black Political Progress, 1971–1977".
3477:
2740:
1929:
1784:
3467:
3452:
1371:
3034:
1820:
975:
1357:
3377:
2684:
820:
805:
264:
community, and its coverage includes the lifestyles and accomplishments of influential black people, fashion, beauty, and politics.
2992:
499:
was redesigned to update its longtime brand. In the past, the magazine was persistently upbeat, much like its postwar contemporary
1573:
3411:
2048:
3069:
2579:
1922:
397:
everyday achievements from Harlem to Hollywood. But when we talk about race as the No. 1 problem of America, we'll talk turkey.
1341:
568:
The May 2001 "100+ Most Influential Black Americans" issue did not include a number of influential African Americans such as
3189:
2642:
899:
Krishnan, Satya P.; Durrah, Tracy; Winkler, Karen (July 1997). "Coverage of AIDS in Popular African American Magazines".
3182:
2803:
2409:
2023:
1152:
West, James (July 2, 2016). "Power is 100 years old: Lerone Bennett Jr., Ebony magazine and the roots of black power".
927:
3062:
2118:
1951:
1758:
1612:
1134:
783:
373:
published its first issue on November 1, 1945, with an initial press run of 25,000 copies that sold out completely.
2929:
2557:
2497:
2132:
1295:
488:
275:
161:
1881:
1598:
3418:
2490:
2202:
2167:
3168:
3097:
2789:
2621:
2139:
2016:
492:
338:, another Johnson publication, to a private equity firm called Clear View Group. The new publisher is known as
1683:
784:
Circulation of select African American magazines in the United States in 2nd half 2015, by type(in thousands)
487:. As of that date, all issues from November 1959 to December 2008 were made available for free. In 2010, the
2908:
2873:
2796:
2712:
2698:
2511:
2314:
2244:
2209:
2083:
2030:
2002:
380:
192:
1802:"Ebony and Jet magazines fire remainder of staff, may close, Legacy publications beset by financial issues"
3404:
3346:
3273:
3125:
3090:
3055:
2518:
2423:
2402:
2331:
2153:
1988:
739:
2726:
2388:
2360:
2237:
2188:
683:
402:
1645:
953:"From Negro Digest to Ebony, Jet and Em – Special Issue: 50 Years of JPC – Redefining the Black Image"
532:. More recent issues questioned whether President Obama was still right for black America and whether
3322:
3280:
2915:
2838:
2810:
2600:
2593:
2586:
2476:
2353:
2346:
2293:
2216:
2097:
1731:
1524:
1249:
1188:
980:
406:
183:
960:
3315:
3287:
3020:
2922:
2894:
2845:
2775:
2628:
2469:
2374:
2265:
2223:
2125:
2062:
1701:"This Millennial Bought Ebony and Jet For $ 14M, Plans to Bring the Magazines Into the Digital Era"
1547:
1027:
659:
298:
260:
is a monthly magazine that focuses on news, culture, and entertainment. Its target audience is the
3301:
3217:
3132:
3083:
3006:
2887:
2677:
2635:
2437:
2395:
2300:
2146:
2055:
1506:
1475:
1444:
1413:
1358:'Rebirth of an Icon': Ebony Magazine Set to Digitally Relaunch Today, No Plans for Print Just Yet
1230:
1169:
1062:
1045:
Click, J.W. (December 1975). "Comparison of Editorial Content of Ebony Magazine, 1967 and 1974".
870:
862:
756:
639:
581:
577:
484:
434:
414:
410:
99:
81:
3104:
247:
1493:"No Interest in Black Scholars: The Tweedledum and Tweedledee of African-American Publishing".
928:"Uncovering history: An examination of the impact of the Ebony Fashion Fair and Ebony magazine"
3210:
3048:
2880:
2866:
2817:
2754:
2614:
2455:
2367:
2286:
2258:
2160:
1981:
866:
655:
627:
623:
619:
279:
261:
242:
201:
47:
3425:
3161:
3013:
2971:
2936:
2670:
2483:
2307:
2279:
2195:
2181:
2174:
2104:
2069:
1995:
1974:
1498:
1467:
1436:
1405:
1276:
1222:
1161:
1054:
908:
854:
651:
343:
1715:"Ebony Magazine Purchased by Former NBA Player Ulysses 'Junior' Bridgeman for $ 14 Million"
1105:
985:
650:
In November 2010, the magazine featured a special 65th-anniversary edition cover featuring
3308:
3294:
3259:
3041:
2950:
2943:
2852:
2782:
2768:
2656:
2462:
2430:
2272:
2230:
2111:
2090:
679:
671:
585:
363:
291:
271:
127:
666:. The issue included eight cover recreations from historic and iconic previous covers of
342:. After the publication went bankrupt in July 2020, it was purchased for $ 14 million by
1848:
458:
The magazine reached unprecedented levels of popularity, with marketers estimating that
234:
3329:
3252:
3175:
3076:
2985:
2957:
2859:
2761:
2525:
2251:
2009:
1684:"EBONY magazine moves to Los Angeles, Ebony Heads West, Leaves Chicago for Los Angeles"
763:
712:
694:, of the Obama administration, had become the chief executive officer of the magazine.
691:
467:, a monthly men's magazine was created, printing the first issue in September 1985. By
413:
wrote a recurring column entitled "Black Power", which featured an in-depth profile of
334:
306:
1080:
3441:
3111:
2824:
2504:
2381:
2339:
2076:
1785:"Ebony magazine's digital staff abruptly laid off without pay as asset auction looms"
1234:
1173:
1066:
874:
663:
590:
573:
569:
518:
portrayed naked while pregnant on a major magazine cover two decades before. Some of
314:
1732:"Rare look inside the Ebony and Jet magazine photo archive that just sold for $ 30M"
3398:
3266:
3118:
2901:
2719:
2705:
2663:
2607:
2539:
1906:
1280:
878:
635:
615:
447:
295:
86:
1462:
Cross, Theodore (1995). "Ebony Magazine: Sometimes The Bell Curve's Best Friend".
1165:
1854:
3139:
2964:
2691:
2532:
724:
In July 2019, three months after Johnson Publishing Company filed for Chapter 7
631:
318:
76:
51:
1821:"Ebony to pay freelancers $ 80,000 to settle lawsuit after #EbonyOwes campaign"
1431:"Demeaning Stereotypes: Ebony's List of the Most Influential Black Americans".
1372:"EBONY RETURNS TO ITS CHICAGO ROOTS FOR A JUNETEENTH CELEBRATION AT SOHO HOUSE"
1058:
3382:
3196:
2416:
1874:
1226:
912:
725:
548:
515:
310:
287:
283:
55:
3224:
1396:
Henry, Charles P. (1981). "Ebony Elite: America's Most Influential Blacks".
675:
524:
41:
1322:"Ebony Magazine In Flux – Print Magazine Folds, Digital Seems To Continue"
858:
491:
sold its historic building at 820 S. Michigan Avenue in Chicago's loop to
471:
s 40th anniversary in November 1985, it had a circulation of 1.7 million.
1914:
533:
511:
302:
17:
3238:
1510:
1479:
1448:
1417:
882:
3231:
710:
magazine. In December 2020, the magazine and its sister publication
594:
described the exclusion of Justice Thomas from the list as spiteful.
480:
1502:
1471:
1440:
821:"Ebony cuts a third of its staff, moving editorial operations to LA"
1667:"Books, Ebony magazine's legendary photo archive is up for auction"
1409:
926:
Wormley, J. Carlyne; Heinzerling, Barbara; Gunn, Virginia (1998).
611:
379:
1009:"Pillars of Black Media, Once Vibrant, Now Fighting for Survival"
702:
In 2016, Johnson Publishing Company sold the magazine along with
742:
filed suit against Clear View Group and Ebony Media Operations.
686:
marked this anniversary edition as the beginning of redesign of
536:
Americans need more acknowledgment in today's society. In 2018,
1918:
1638:"Ebony and Jet magazines have been sold – Northstar News Today"
529:
1613:"Johnson Publishing sells Ebony, Jet magazines to Texas firm"
544:
In March 2021, the magazine relaunched in a digital format.
27:
African-American monthly magazine based in Chicago, Illinois
798:"65 Years Ago in News History: The Birth of Ebony Magazine"
328:
After 71 years, in June 2016, Johnson Publishing sold both
1842:
1548:"The Coolest Black Family in America No. 74: The Coopers"
225:
401:
During the 1960s, the magazine increasingly covered the
3357:
National Association of Black Journalists Hall of Fame
325:
selects the "100 Most Influential Blacks in America".
716:
were purchased for $ 14 million by Junior Bridgeman.
1574:"Ebony magazine honors the 'coolest' black men ever"
3391:
3370:
3339:
3153:
2571:
2549:
2447:
2324:
2040:
1966:
1959:
1950:
1759:"Foundations Unite to Save Ebony Magazine Archives"
241:
220:
212:
179:
171:
151:
133:
123:
113:
105:
95:
63:
3458:Lifestyle magazines published in the United States
1875:"John H. Johnson's oral history – video excerpts"
1721:, December 23, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
1296:"Search and find magazines on Google Book Search"
3463:Monthly magazines published in the United States
1028:"Eunice Johnson Dies at 93; Gave Ebony Its Name"
1007:Ember, Sydney; Fandos, Nicholas (July 2, 2016).
483:announced that it was scanning back issues for
446:highlighted the black professionals serving in
1827:, February 27, 2018. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
1682:Erick Johnson (Chicago Crusader/NNPA Member),
1930:
1713:Cedric "Big Ced" Thorton (Black Enterprise),
1599:"'Ebony,' 'Jet' Parent Takes A Bold New Tack"
547:In June 2024, it returned to Chicago for its
514:, reminiscent of the iconic image of actress
8:
1877:, The National Visionary Leadership Project.
510:The November 2011 cover featured a pregnant
32:
1525:"Lexington: The school of very hard knocks"
1342:Eden Bridgeman Talks EBONY and JET relaunch
1135:"Ebony, 40, Viewed as More Than a Magazine"
738:the remaining writers with the help of The
450:'s administration in the March 1977 issue.
1963:
1956:
1937:
1923:
1915:
1847:
1791:, June 21, 2019. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
1673:, July 19, 2019. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
233:
40:
31:
3362:National Newspaper Publishers Association
3352:National Association of Black Journalists
1808:, July 7, 2019. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
1690:, May 31, 2017. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
1495:The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education
1464:The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education
1433:The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education
1328:, July 8, 2019. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
1250:"The Radical Blackness of Ebony Magazine"
584:and, most notably, Supreme Court Justice
1871:, November 1965 (20th Anniversary Issue)
503:magazine. However, in the 21st century,
384:Blanche J. Lawrence, "Atom Scientists",
2748:The Colored American (Washington, D.C.)
2734:The Colored American (Augusta, Georgia)
1897:"Ebony Jet Sells Headquarters Building"
1128:
1126:
776:
1816:
1814:
1316:
1314:
1312:
1081:"John H. Johnson | American publisher"
690:. Former White House social secretary
1546:Dingle, Joycelyn (December 7, 2016).
1187:Glasrud, Bruce (September 18, 2007).
894:
892:
507:featured more controversial content.
7:
2741:The Colored American (New York City)
1215:Journal of African American Studies
392:Editors stated in the first issue:
46:60th anniversary cover with actors
3483:Magazines published in Los Angeles
1248:Staples, Brent (August 11, 2019).
1026:Hevesi, Dennis (January 9, 2010).
796:Sharon Shahid (October 29, 2010).
25:
3378:Perry Publishing and Broadcasting
2685:Charlottesville-Albemarle Tribune
1855:Back issues on Google Book Search
1294:Dave Foulser (December 9, 2008).
1133:Shipp, E. R. (December 6, 1985).
3412:Genius of Universal Emancipation
2049:African-American News and Issues
1757:Noyes, Chandra (July 29, 2019).
1527:. The Economist. October 4, 2007
528:and in a five-minute segment on
270:magazine was founded in 1945 by
3070:Southwestern Christian Advocate
1644:. June 15, 2016. Archived from
974:EL'Zabar, Kai (June 16, 2016).
959:. November 1992. Archived from
819:Robert Channick (May 5, 2017).
606:25 Coolest Brothers of All Time
598:Coolest Black Family in America
3473:Magazines published in Chicago
1281:10.1080/00913367.1992.10673359
867:10.5323/blachistbull.77.2.0028
720:Ensuing financial difficulties
1:
3448:Magazines established in 1945
3190:The Colored American Magazine
1890:Parent Takes A Bold New Tack"
1166:10.1080/17541328.2016.1241601
3000:The Philadelphia Independent
2410:Minnesota Spokesman-Recorder
2024:The Washington Afro-American
1572:Sewing, Joy (July 9, 2008).
1189:"Ebony Magazine • BlackPast"
409:. In 1965, executive editor
155:Ebony Media Operations, LLC
3478:Photojournalistic magazines
2119:The Burning Spear Newspaper
1106:"Ebony | American magazine"
560:100 Most Influential Blacks
551:celebration at Soho House.
3499:
3468:Johnson Publishing Company
3453:African-American magazines
2930:The Mississippi Enterprise
1892:, NPR, September 22, 2011.
1601:, NPR, September 22, 2011.
1344:, Interview, March 8, 2021
1059:10.1177/107769907505200416
786:.Retrieved April 21, 2020.
489:Johnson Publishing Company
276:Johnson Publishing Company
162:Johnson Publishing Company
3399:Abolitionist publications
2203:The Jacksonville Advocate
2168:Florida Sentinel Bulletin
1227:10.1007/s12111-015-9309-x
935:Consumer Interests Annual
913:10.1207/s15327027hc0903_5
39:
3169:Black Issues Book Review
3098:The Winter Park Advocate
2140:The Charleston Chronicle
2017:The Philadelphia Tribune
646:65th anniversary edition
493:Columbia College Chicago
388:magazine, September 1949
2909:Metro Herald (Virginia)
2699:The Chicago Conservator
2512:The Sacramento Observer
2315:Winston-Salem Chronicle
2245:The New Orleans Tribune
2210:Jacksonville Free Press
2084:Baltimore Afro-American
2031:The Washington Informer
2003:New York Amsterdam News
1861:"Publishing history of
1688:New York Amsterdam News
1110:Encyclopedia Britannica
1085:Encyclopedia Britannica
340:Ebony Media Corporation
193:Los Angeles, California
3405:The Anti-Slavery Bugle
3347:Associated Negro Press
3274:Our Women and Children
3126:Afro-American Sentinel
3056:The Seattle Republican
2519:San Francisco Bay View
2424:The St. Louis American
2403:The Michigan FrontPage
2154:The Christian Recorder
1989:New Pittsburgh Courier
1945:African American press
1269:Journal of Advertising
847:Black History Bulletin
740:National Writers Union
399:
389:
139:; 78 years ago
2727:The Cleveland Gazette
2389:Indianapolis Recorder
2361:The Cincinnati Herald
2238:New Journal and Guide
2189:Houston Forward Times
859:10.1353/bhb.2014.0005
684:National Public Radio
674:posed inside, as did
403:civil rights movement
394:
383:
137:November 1, 1945
3323:Visions Metro Weekly
2916:The Michigan Citizen
2839:Indianapolis Freeman
2601:Arkansas State Press
2594:The Aliened American
2587:The Alaska Spotlight
2477:Los Angeles Sentinel
2354:The Chicago Defender
2347:The Chicago Crusader
2294:The Triangle Tribune
2217:The Louisiana Weekly
2098:The Baptist Vanguard
1903:, November 17, 2010.
1783:N'dea Yancey-Bragg,
1648:on November 22, 2017
1642:Northstar News Today
1370:Taylor, Savannah M.
1047:Journalism Quarterly
981:The Chicago Defender
901:Health Communication
808:on January 27, 2013.
407:Black Power movement
184:Louisville, Kentucky
3316:Transition Magazine
3021:The Progressive Era
2923:Mirror of the Times
2895:Memphis Free Speech
2846:Indianapolis Leader
2776:Detroit Plaindealer
2629:Atlanta Independent
2375:Fort Wayne Ink Spot
2266:Richmond Free Press
2224:Louisville Defender
2126:Carolina Peacemaker
2063:Atlanta Daily World
1765:. Journalistic, Inc
1497:(37): 53–54. 2002.
1435:(17): 46–47. 1997.
299:Carol Moseley Braun
36:
3084:The Washington Sun
3077:The Washington Bee
3007:Pittsburgh Courier
2993:The People's Voice
2888:The McDowell Times
2678:The Carolina Times
2636:The Black Dispatch
2438:St. Louis Sentinel
2396:Michigan Chronicle
2301:Tri-State Defender
2147:The Charlotte Post
2056:Atlanta Black Star
1806:The Charlotte Post
1703:. August 11, 2021.
1617:chicagotribune.com
1611:Channick, Robert.
1254:The New York Times
1139:The New York Times
1032:The New York Times
1013:The New York Times
963:on March 28, 2007.
825:Chicagotribune.com
640:Billy Dee Williams
578:Armstrong Williams
485:Google Book Search
479:In December 2008,
415:Stokely Carmichael
411:Lerone Bennett Jr.
390:
346:in December 2020.
305:, U.S. first lady
100:Lifestyle magazine
82:Amy DuBois Barnett
3435:
3434:
3149:
3148:
3049:The Rights of All
2881:Louisville Leader
2867:Jackson Eagle Eye
2818:Frost Illustrated
2811:Freedom's Journal
2755:Daily Negro Times
2643:The Black Panther
2615:Athens Republique
2567:
2566:
2498:Portland Observer
2456:Arizona Informant
2368:The Columbus Post
2287:Tennessee Tribune
2259:The Orlando Times
2161:The Dallas Weekly
1982:Buffalo Criterion
1859:Langston Hughes,
1578:Houston Chronicle
1320:Yvonne de Salle,
976:"EBONY JET SOLD!"
879:Project MUSE
656:Samuel L. Jackson
628:Denzel Washington
624:Samuel L. Jackson
495:. The same year,
280:Dorothy Dandridge
253:
252:
208:
202:Chicago, Illinois
199:
190:
167:
159:
114:Total circulation
48:Denzel Washington
16:(Redirected from
3490:
3426:The National Era
3162:Black Enterprise
3063:The Shining Star
3014:Portland New Age
2972:New National Era
2671:California Eagle
2484:Los Angeles Wave
2308:The Village Beat
2280:Savannah Tribune
2196:Jackson Advocate
2182:Houston Defender
2175:The Florida Star
2105:Birmingham Times
2070:Atlanta Inquirer
1996:The New York Age
1975:Bay State Banner
1964:
1957:
1939:
1932:
1925:
1916:
1851:
1846:
1845:
1843:Official website
1828:
1818:
1809:
1798:
1792:
1781:
1775:
1774:
1772:
1770:
1763:artandobject.com
1754:
1748:
1747:
1745:
1743:
1728:
1722:
1719:Black Enterprise
1711:
1705:
1704:
1697:
1691:
1680:
1674:
1664:
1658:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1634:
1628:
1627:
1625:
1623:
1608:
1602:
1595:
1589:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1569:
1563:
1562:
1560:
1558:
1543:
1537:
1536:
1534:
1532:
1521:
1515:
1514:
1490:
1484:
1483:
1459:
1453:
1452:
1428:
1422:
1421:
1393:
1387:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1367:
1361:
1351:
1345:
1338:Business Insider
1335:
1329:
1318:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1291:
1285:
1284:
1264:
1258:
1257:
1245:
1239:
1238:
1210:
1204:
1203:
1201:
1199:
1184:
1178:
1177:
1149:
1143:
1142:
1130:
1121:
1120:
1118:
1116:
1102:
1096:
1095:
1093:
1091:
1077:
1071:
1070:
1042:
1036:
1035:
1023:
1017:
1016:
1004:
998:
997:
995:
993:
988:on June 17, 2016
984:. Archived from
971:
965:
964:
949:
943:
942:
932:
923:
917:
916:
896:
887:
886:
842:
836:
835:
833:
831:
816:
810:
809:
804:. Archived from
793:
787:
781:
652:Taraji P. Henson
555:Notable coverage
344:Junior Bridgeman
262:African-American
237:
232:
229:
227:
206:
197:
188:
165:
157:
147:
145:
140:
44:
37:
21:
3498:
3497:
3493:
3492:
3491:
3489:
3488:
3487:
3438:
3437:
3436:
3431:
3387:
3366:
3335:
3295:Sister 2 Sister
3145:
3105:The Woman's Era
3042:Richmond Planet
3028:Ravenswood Post
2951:Nashville Globe
2944:Muhammad Speaks
2783:Detroit Tribune
2769:The Denver Star
2657:Boston Guardian
2563:
2545:
2463:Black Lens News
2443:
2431:St. Louis Argus
2320:
2273:Roanoke Tribune
2231:The Miami Times
2112:Black Chronicle
2091:Baltimore Times
2036:
1946:
1943:
1895:Nsenga Burton,
1880:Cheryl Corley,
1841:
1840:
1837:
1832:
1831:
1825:Chicago Tribune
1819:
1812:
1799:
1795:
1782:
1778:
1768:
1766:
1756:
1755:
1751:
1741:
1739:
1738:. July 26, 2019
1730:
1729:
1725:
1712:
1708:
1699:
1698:
1694:
1681:
1677:
1665:
1661:
1651:
1649:
1636:
1635:
1631:
1621:
1619:
1610:
1609:
1605:
1597:Cheryl Corley,
1596:
1592:
1582:
1580:
1571:
1570:
1566:
1556:
1554:
1545:
1544:
1540:
1530:
1528:
1523:
1522:
1518:
1503:10.2307/3134282
1492:
1491:
1487:
1472:10.2307/2962770
1461:
1460:
1456:
1441:10.2307/2963216
1430:
1429:
1425:
1395:
1394:
1390:
1380:
1378:
1369:
1368:
1364:
1360:, March 1, 2021
1352:
1348:
1336:
1332:
1319:
1310:
1300:
1298:
1293:
1292:
1288:
1266:
1265:
1261:
1247:
1246:
1242:
1212:
1211:
1207:
1197:
1195:
1186:
1185:
1181:
1151:
1150:
1146:
1132:
1131:
1124:
1114:
1112:
1104:
1103:
1099:
1089:
1087:
1079:
1078:
1074:
1044:
1043:
1039:
1025:
1024:
1020:
1006:
1005:
1001:
991:
989:
973:
972:
968:
951:
950:
946:
930:
925:
924:
920:
898:
897:
890:
844:
843:
839:
829:
827:
818:
817:
813:
795:
794:
790:
782:
778:
773:
752:
735:
722:
700:
680:Jurnee Smollett
672:Blair Underwood
648:
608:
600:
586:Clarence Thomas
582:Walter Williams
562:
557:
477:
456:
427:
357:
352:
292:Michael Jackson
272:John H. Johnson
224:
205:
200:
196:
191:
187:
164:
160:
156:
143:
141:
138:
128:John H. Johnson
115:
91:
70:Tracey Ferguson
59:
58:, November 2005
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3496:
3494:
3486:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3440:
3439:
3433:
3432:
3430:
3429:
3422:
3415:
3408:
3401:
3395:
3393:
3389:
3388:
3386:
3385:
3380:
3374:
3372:
3368:
3367:
3365:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3343:
3341:
3337:
3336:
3334:
3333:
3326:
3319:
3312:
3305:
3298:
3291:
3284:
3277:
3270:
3263:
3256:
3249:
3242:
3235:
3228:
3221:
3214:
3207:
3200:
3193:
3186:
3179:
3172:
3165:
3157:
3155:
3151:
3150:
3147:
3146:
3144:
3143:
3136:
3133:The Enterprise
3129:
3122:
3115:
3108:
3101:
3094:
3087:
3080:
3073:
3066:
3059:
3052:
3045:
3038:
3031:
3024:
3017:
3010:
3003:
2996:
2989:
2986:Pacific Appeal
2982:
2979:The North Star
2975:
2968:
2961:
2958:The Negro Star
2954:
2947:
2940:
2933:
2926:
2919:
2912:
2905:
2898:
2891:
2884:
2877:
2870:
2863:
2860:Iowa Bystander
2856:
2849:
2842:
2835:
2828:
2821:
2814:
2807:
2800:
2793:
2786:
2779:
2772:
2765:
2762:Dallas Express
2758:
2751:
2744:
2737:
2730:
2723:
2716:
2709:
2702:
2695:
2688:
2681:
2674:
2667:
2660:
2653:
2646:
2639:
2632:
2625:
2618:
2611:
2604:
2597:
2590:
2583:
2575:
2573:
2569:
2568:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2561:
2558:The Final Call
2553:
2551:
2547:
2546:
2544:
2543:
2536:
2529:
2526:Seattle Medium
2522:
2515:
2508:
2501:
2494:
2487:
2480:
2473:
2466:
2459:
2451:
2449:
2445:
2444:
2442:
2441:
2434:
2427:
2420:
2413:
2406:
2399:
2392:
2385:
2378:
2371:
2364:
2357:
2350:
2343:
2336:
2328:
2326:
2322:
2321:
2319:
2318:
2311:
2304:
2297:
2290:
2283:
2276:
2269:
2262:
2255:
2252:Oklahoma Eagle
2248:
2241:
2234:
2227:
2220:
2213:
2206:
2199:
2192:
2185:
2178:
2171:
2164:
2157:
2150:
2143:
2136:
2133:The Carolinian
2129:
2122:
2115:
2108:
2101:
2094:
2087:
2080:
2073:
2066:
2059:
2052:
2044:
2042:
2038:
2037:
2035:
2034:
2027:
2020:
2013:
2010:Our Time Press
2006:
1999:
1992:
1985:
1978:
1970:
1968:
1961:
1954:
1948:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1941:
1934:
1927:
1919:
1913:
1912:
1904:
1893:
1878:
1872:
1857:
1852:
1836:
1835:External links
1833:
1830:
1829:
1810:
1800:Miana Massey,
1793:
1776:
1749:
1723:
1706:
1692:
1675:
1659:
1629:
1603:
1590:
1564:
1538:
1516:
1485:
1454:
1423:
1410:10.2307/274717
1404:(2): 120–132.
1388:
1362:
1346:
1330:
1308:
1286:
1259:
1240:
1221:(4): 398–409.
1205:
1179:
1160:(2): 165–188.
1144:
1122:
1097:
1072:
1053:(4): 716–720.
1037:
1018:
999:
966:
944:
918:
907:(3): 273–288.
888:
837:
811:
788:
775:
774:
772:
769:
768:
767:
760:
751:
748:
734:
731:
729:in June 2019.
721:
718:
699:
696:
692:Desiree Rogers
647:
644:
607:
604:
599:
596:
561:
558:
556:
553:
476:
473:
455:
452:
426:
423:
356:
353:
351:
348:
307:Michelle Obama
251:
250:
245:
239:
238:
222:
218:
217:
214:
210:
209:
189:(2020-Present)
181:
177:
176:
173:
169:
168:
158:(2016–present)
153:
149:
148:
135:
131:
130:
125:
121:
120:
117:
111:
110:
107:
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102:
97:
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84:
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71:
67:
65:
64:Former editors
61:
60:
45:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3495:
3484:
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3479:
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3471:
3469:
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3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3445:
3443:
3428:
3427:
3423:
3421:
3420:
3419:The Liberator
3416:
3414:
3413:
3409:
3407:
3406:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3396:
3394:
3390:
3384:
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3373:
3369:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3344:
3342:
3340:Organizations
3338:
3332:
3331:
3327:
3325:
3324:
3320:
3318:
3317:
3313:
3311:
3310:
3306:
3304:
3303:
3299:
3297:
3296:
3292:
3290:
3289:
3285:
3283:
3282:
3278:
3276:
3275:
3271:
3269:
3268:
3264:
3262:
3261:
3257:
3255:
3254:
3250:
3248:
3247:
3243:
3241:
3240:
3236:
3234:
3233:
3229:
3227:
3226:
3222:
3220:
3219:
3215:
3213:
3212:
3208:
3206:
3205:
3201:
3199:
3198:
3194:
3192:
3191:
3187:
3185:
3184:
3180:
3178:
3177:
3173:
3171:
3170:
3166:
3164:
3163:
3159:
3158:
3156:
3152:
3142:
3141:
3137:
3135:
3134:
3130:
3128:
3127:
3123:
3121:
3120:
3116:
3114:
3113:
3112:Omaha Monitor
3109:
3107:
3106:
3102:
3100:
3099:
3095:
3093:
3092:
3088:
3086:
3085:
3081:
3079:
3078:
3074:
3072:
3071:
3067:
3065:
3064:
3060:
3058:
3057:
3053:
3051:
3050:
3046:
3044:
3043:
3039:
3037:
3036:
3035:The Reflector
3032:
3030:
3029:
3025:
3023:
3022:
3018:
3016:
3015:
3011:
3009:
3008:
3004:
3002:
3001:
2997:
2995:
2994:
2990:
2988:
2987:
2983:
2981:
2980:
2976:
2974:
2973:
2969:
2967:
2966:
2962:
2960:
2959:
2955:
2953:
2952:
2948:
2946:
2945:
2941:
2939:
2938:
2934:
2932:
2931:
2927:
2925:
2924:
2920:
2918:
2917:
2913:
2911:
2910:
2906:
2904:
2903:
2899:
2897:
2896:
2892:
2890:
2889:
2885:
2883:
2882:
2878:
2876:
2875:
2871:
2869:
2868:
2864:
2862:
2861:
2857:
2855:
2854:
2850:
2848:
2847:
2843:
2841:
2840:
2836:
2834:
2833:
2829:
2827:
2826:
2825:Gary American
2822:
2820:
2819:
2815:
2813:
2812:
2808:
2806:
2805:
2801:
2799:
2798:
2794:
2792:
2791:
2787:
2785:
2784:
2780:
2778:
2777:
2773:
2771:
2770:
2766:
2764:
2763:
2759:
2757:
2756:
2752:
2750:
2749:
2745:
2743:
2742:
2738:
2736:
2735:
2731:
2729:
2728:
2724:
2722:
2721:
2717:
2715:
2714:
2710:
2708:
2707:
2703:
2701:
2700:
2696:
2694:
2693:
2689:
2687:
2686:
2682:
2680:
2679:
2675:
2673:
2672:
2668:
2666:
2665:
2661:
2659:
2658:
2654:
2652:
2651:
2647:
2645:
2644:
2640:
2638:
2637:
2633:
2631:
2630:
2626:
2624:
2623:
2619:
2617:
2616:
2612:
2610:
2609:
2605:
2603:
2602:
2598:
2596:
2595:
2591:
2589:
2588:
2584:
2582:
2581:
2577:
2576:
2574:
2570:
2560:
2559:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2548:
2542:
2541:
2537:
2535:
2534:
2530:
2528:
2527:
2523:
2521:
2520:
2516:
2514:
2513:
2509:
2507:
2506:
2505:Richmond Post
2502:
2500:
2499:
2495:
2493:
2492:
2488:
2486:
2485:
2481:
2479:
2478:
2474:
2472:
2471:
2467:
2465:
2464:
2460:
2458:
2457:
2453:
2452:
2450:
2446:
2440:
2439:
2435:
2433:
2432:
2428:
2426:
2425:
2421:
2419:
2418:
2414:
2412:
2411:
2407:
2405:
2404:
2400:
2398:
2397:
2393:
2391:
2390:
2386:
2384:
2383:
2382:Gary Crusader
2379:
2377:
2376:
2372:
2370:
2369:
2365:
2363:
2362:
2358:
2356:
2355:
2351:
2349:
2348:
2344:
2342:
2341:
2340:Call and Post
2337:
2335:
2334:
2330:
2329:
2327:
2323:
2317:
2316:
2312:
2310:
2309:
2305:
2303:
2302:
2298:
2296:
2295:
2291:
2289:
2288:
2284:
2282:
2281:
2277:
2275:
2274:
2270:
2268:
2267:
2263:
2261:
2260:
2256:
2254:
2253:
2249:
2247:
2246:
2242:
2240:
2239:
2235:
2233:
2232:
2228:
2226:
2225:
2221:
2219:
2218:
2214:
2212:
2211:
2207:
2205:
2204:
2200:
2198:
2197:
2193:
2191:
2190:
2186:
2184:
2183:
2179:
2177:
2176:
2172:
2170:
2169:
2165:
2163:
2162:
2158:
2156:
2155:
2151:
2149:
2148:
2144:
2142:
2141:
2137:
2135:
2134:
2130:
2128:
2127:
2123:
2121:
2120:
2116:
2114:
2113:
2109:
2107:
2106:
2102:
2100:
2099:
2095:
2093:
2092:
2088:
2086:
2085:
2081:
2079:
2078:
2077:Atlanta Voice
2074:
2072:
2071:
2067:
2065:
2064:
2060:
2058:
2057:
2053:
2051:
2050:
2046:
2045:
2043:
2039:
2033:
2032:
2028:
2026:
2025:
2021:
2019:
2018:
2014:
2012:
2011:
2007:
2005:
2004:
2000:
1998:
1997:
1993:
1991:
1990:
1986:
1984:
1983:
1979:
1977:
1976:
1972:
1971:
1969:
1965:
1962:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1949:
1940:
1935:
1933:
1928:
1926:
1921:
1920:
1917:
1911:
1910:
1905:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1885:
1879:
1876:
1873:
1870:
1866:
1864:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1850:
1844:
1839:
1838:
1834:
1826:
1822:
1817:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1797:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1780:
1777:
1764:
1760:
1753:
1750:
1737:
1733:
1727:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1710:
1707:
1702:
1696:
1693:
1689:
1685:
1679:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1663:
1660:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1633:
1630:
1618:
1614:
1607:
1604:
1600:
1594:
1591:
1579:
1575:
1568:
1565:
1553:
1549:
1542:
1539:
1526:
1520:
1517:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1489:
1486:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1466:(10): 75–76.
1465:
1458:
1455:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1427:
1424:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1392:
1389:
1377:
1373:
1366:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1350:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1334:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1317:
1315:
1313:
1309:
1297:
1290:
1287:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1263:
1260:
1255:
1251:
1244:
1241:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1209:
1206:
1194:
1190:
1183:
1180:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1148:
1145:
1140:
1136:
1129:
1127:
1123:
1111:
1107:
1101:
1098:
1086:
1082:
1076:
1073:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1041:
1038:
1033:
1029:
1022:
1019:
1014:
1010:
1003:
1000:
987:
983:
982:
977:
970:
967:
962:
958:
954:
948:
945:
940:
936:
929:
922:
919:
914:
910:
906:
902:
895:
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1583:December 19,
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636:Muhammad Ali
616:Barack Obama
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296:U.S. Senator
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87:Bryan Monroe
33:
29:
3246:The Horizon
3140:Omaha Guide
2965:Negro World
2874:Louisianian
2797:The Equator
2713:The Circuit
2692:Chicago Bee
2650:Black Times
2533:The Skanner
1652:January 27,
1622:January 27,
1557:December 7,
1326:Tin Shingle
1198:December 9,
1154:The Sixties
1115:December 9,
1090:December 9,
802:Newseum.org
632:Marvin Gaye
319:Tyler Perry
207:(1945–2017)
198:(2017–2020)
166:(1945–2016)
134:First issue
77:Kierna Mayo
52:Halle Berry
3442:Categories
3383:Real Times
3197:The Crisis
3091:The Appeal
2417:Omaha Star
1952:Newspapers
1301:January 3,
941:: 148–150.
771:References
726:Bankruptcy
549:Juneteenth
516:Demi Moore
288:Diana Ross
284:Lena Horne
274:, for his
144:1945-11-01
96:Categories
73:Kyra Kyles
56:Jamie Foxx
3281:Right On!
3225:The Fader
3154:Magazines
2470:The Facts
1967:Northeast
1789:USA Today
1769:August 3,
1235:152126803
1193:BlackPast
1174:151966947
1067:145071337
875:245659860
698:Ownership
676:Omar Epps
525:US Weekly
465:Ebony Man
454:1985–2005
425:1969–1985
417:in 1966.
355:1945–1969
294:, former
248:0012-9011
119:1,333,421
106:Frequency
18:Ebony.com
3288:The Root
2832:Harambee
2550:National
2333:The Call
1901:The Root
1742:July 27,
1736:CBS News
1671:LA Times
1381:June 25,
1354:The Root
992:July 21,
750:See also
733:Lawsuits
534:biracial
512:Nia Long
367:magazine
303:Illinois
213:Language
180:Based in
3392:Related
3239:theGrio
3218:Essence
2804:Freedom
2572:Defunct
2325:Midwest
1531:May 17,
1511:3134282
1480:2962770
1449:2963216
830:June 8,
757:Essence
435:Essence
350:History
311:Beyoncé
221:Website
216:English
186:, U.S.
172:Country
152:Company
142: (
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3211:Emerge
3183:Clutch
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538:Ebony'
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317:, and
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2041:South
1909:Ebony
1884:Ebony
1869:Ebony
1863:Ebony
1552:Ebony
1507:JSTOR
1476:JSTOR
1445:JSTOR
1414:JSTOR
1376:Ebony
1231:S2CID
1170:S2CID
1063:S2CID
957:Ebony
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871:S2CID
863:JSTOR
688:Ebony
668:Ebony
660:Usher
612:Jay-Z
520:Ebony
505:Ebony
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