222:), traveled to 30 cities over its 51-year run providing exclusive fashion to “hundreds of thousands attendees across the United States, Canada and the Caribbean” (Bivins.11). The show was held in 187 venues with audiences as large as 5,000 attendees. The Ebony Fashion Fair not only helped to boost the Johnson Publishing Company's brand identity, it also raised $ 55 million in funds for African American charities. The show featured male and female models of mostly
2782:
266:
When Eunice
Johnson noticed that the models at the Ebony Fashion Fair "were mixing foundations to create the right blend to match their hues", she initially approached existing cosmetics companies and asked them to develop make-up lines which would suit the specific needs of women of color. However,
198:
located on
Dillard University's New Orleans campus. Reluctant to use the models featured in the magazines published by his company, Johnson instead offered to provide the clothing. Johnson and Dent then came to an agreement: Johnson Publishing Company would supply the garments for the fundraiser,
275:, Fashion Fair Cosmetics was once the largest black-owned cosmetics company in the world. In April 2019, a United Kingdom creditor petitioned a judge to force the company to sell its Fashion Fair Cosmetics UK assets. In November 2019, the brand was acquired by Cheryl Mayberry McKissack and
271:, created the Capsule Collection, a small make-up compact in a mail-order package. Due to high-demand, the product led to the creation of a full cosmetic line named Fashion Fair Cosmetics, after the fashion show in 1973. According to
2154:
2149:
2161:
1902:
2166:
1837:
295:. The exhibition featured several ensembles featured in Fashion Fair shows during its half-century history. The exhibition traveled nationally beginning in fall 2014, with stops including the
2687:
2682:
2231:
963:
820:
2494:
951:
2366:
1061:
1650:
785:
2144:
2692:
1932:
2761:
2736:
170:. The show ran across the United States and other countries from 1958 until 2009. In addition to the fashion fair, the company also created a cosmetic line named
2812:
2746:
2741:
1673:
1121:
2807:
2462:
2298:
2007:
1997:
1655:
1645:
2817:
2504:
2276:
2724:
1668:
1663:
2383:
1887:
996:
2731:
2361:
1882:
1104:
936:
2697:
2657:
2499:
2403:
2332:
1937:
2756:
2751:
2719:
2489:
2393:
2356:
2137:
898:
893:
2714:
2672:
2484:
1032:
778:
343:
2662:
2647:
2511:
2420:
2415:
2349:
810:
24:
2637:
2474:
2444:
2226:
1805:
1017:
718:
552:
2627:
2521:
2437:
2281:
2062:
1862:
1013:
991:
2774:
1164:
815:
502:
526:
417:
2702:
2667:
2652:
2410:
2012:
1256:
1226:
1042:
771:
2709:
2632:
2427:
2303:
2271:
2002:
1867:
1572:
1211:
2479:
2373:
2288:
1892:
689:
2516:
2449:
2432:
2378:
2327:
2266:
2171:
2132:
2072:
1872:
1261:
1241:
1048:
1027:
644:
2339:
2315:
2310:
2293:
2261:
2204:
1317:
1266:
1099:
2604:
2596:
2539:
2454:
1942:
1847:
1703:
1685:
1587:
1246:
1216:
941:
861:
840:
671:
2622:
2559:
2549:
2099:
1857:
1817:
1174:
868:
227:
211:
187:
167:
88:
2531:
2344:
2176:
1737:
1236:
1074:
881:
2221:
1785:
1698:
1342:
1131:
946:
886:
876:
802:
758:
296:
195:
605:
467:
2554:
2104:
1758:
1727:
1507:
1447:
1312:
1055:
2469:
2199:
1437:
1231:
1221:
1159:
969:
908:
288:
2544:
2057:
1922:
1877:
1693:
1412:
1377:
1196:
1179:
986:
903:
631:
2786:
2194:
1957:
1768:
1720:
1592:
1482:
1387:
1154:
1144:
1116:
981:
835:
300:
2574:
2569:
1927:
1842:
1322:
1111:
1001:
931:
571:
2642:
2579:
2322:
1780:
1547:
1527:
1432:
1357:
1184:
1089:
1079:
1067:
958:
855:
830:
610:
272:
251:
247:
191:
2089:
1810:
1472:
1442:
1037:
794:
579:
508:
498:
399:
381:
276:
258:. The Fashion Fair held its last show in 2009, due to Eunice Walkers' death in January, 2010.
231:
215:
163:
93:
443:
2245:
2216:
2211:
2109:
2077:
2050:
1775:
1392:
1362:
1352:
1347:
914:
649:
389:
223:
2240:
2067:
1977:
1972:
1753:
1708:
1562:
1552:
1532:
1517:
1417:
1292:
1282:
921:
268:
183:
730:
319:
23:
2677:
2082:
2045:
2035:
1795:
1790:
1732:
1567:
1497:
1427:
1422:
926:
850:
394:
369:
267:
as she was met with resistance from the companies she approached, she and her husband,
255:
159:
2801:
1635:
1617:
1607:
1577:
1522:
1477:
1462:
1407:
1397:
1382:
1332:
1327:
1297:
1094:
1022:
845:
672:"Chicago History Museum Ebony Fashion Fair 'Inspiring Beauty' Exhibit Opens Saturday"
235:
645:"Can the New Owners of Fashion Fair Give the Once-Iconic Brand a Business Makeover?"
218:; the director and producer of the show. The Ebony Fashion Fair (also known as the
1947:
1715:
1640:
1612:
1597:
1582:
1537:
1512:
1492:
1402:
1372:
1367:
1337:
1287:
1139:
825:
753:
239:
34:
1903:
Universal Negro
Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL)
174:, in 1973. As of 2017, Fashion Fair Cosmetics are still available for purchase.
1967:
1952:
1800:
1763:
1602:
1557:
1542:
1307:
1302:
1149:
1502:
1487:
1457:
1452:
1201:
1169:
1008:
976:
194:), who asked Johnson to supply models for a charity fundraiser benefiting the
697:
583:
512:
385:
2116:
1962:
1467:
1251:
1189:
1084:
118:
403:
199:
and, each ticket to enter the show would include a subscription to either
2589:
2584:
2094:
632:
Chicago
Crusader (Johnson Publishing files for bankruptcy) April 11, 2019
243:
1206:
493:
Bivins, Joy L; Adams, Rosemary K; Chicago
History Museum (2013-01-01).
155:
1838:
Association for the Study of
African American Life and History (ASALH)
2040:
132:
763:
1853:
National
Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
1852:
1897:
767:
370:"The history of Flint-Goodridge Hospital of Dillard University"
226:
descent modeling fashions from top
European designers such as:
190:, was approached by Jessie Dent (the wife of the president of
527:"The Ebony Fashion Fair: Changing History On The Catwalk"
418:"The Ebony Fashion Fair: Changing History On The Catwalk"
2615:
2530:
2254:
2187:
2125:
2025:
1986:
1911:
1826:
1746:
1684:
1626:
1275:
1130:
801:
210:The Ebony Fashion Fair was launched in 1958 by the
127:
114:
100:
84:
66:
48:
40:
30:
690:"Inspiring Beauty: 50 Years of Ebony Fashion Fair"
1888:Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)
572:"Eunice Johnson Dies at 93; Gave Ebony Its Name"
495:Inspiring beauty: 50 years of Ebony Fashion Fair
293:Inspiring Beauty: 50 Years Of Ebony Fashion Fair
1933:Black players in professional American football
1883:Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)
444:"Eunice Walker Johnson | American entrepreneur"
779:
606:"Can Fashion Fair Cosmetics Make a Comeback?"
497:. Chicago, Ill.: Chicago Historical Society.
348:Amistad Research Center | Independent Archive
214:and repeated annually for five decades under
8:
1646:Historically black colleges and universities
16:
374:Journal of the National Medical Association
1915:
786:
772:
764:
22:
15:
1863:National Black Chamber of Commerce (NBCC)
393:
643:Clarke, Caroline V. (14 November 2019).
468:"Ebony Fashion Fair and Eunice Johnson"
311:
2762:Topics related to the African diaspora
1868:National Council of Negro Women (NCNW)
2742:Landmark African-American legislation
604:Larson, Kristin (17 September 2019).
553:"The Haute Couture of Eunice Johnson"
344:"Movers and Shakers: The Dent Family"
207:both published by Johnson's company.
7:
2813:Recurring events established in 1958
1873:National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC)
2808:Fashion events in the United States
2227:African-American Vernacular English
287:From March 2013 thru May 2014, the
2818:Annual events in the United States
2145:U.S. cities with large populations
1848:Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)
570:Hevesi, Dennis (January 9, 2010).
14:
1018:Inauguration of Barack Obama 2013
1014:Inauguration of Barack Obama 2009
821:African American founding fathers
2780:
1898:United Negro College Fund (UNCF)
1043:Nadir of American race relations
380:(6): 533–536. November 1, 1969.
44:Clothing and fashion exhibitions
904:Civil rights movement 1954–1968
894:Civil rights movement 1865–1896
291:displayed an exhibition titled
1893:Thurgood Marshall College Fund
899:Civil right movement 1896–1954
1:
2073:Cherokee freedmen controversy
1049:The Negro Motorist Green Book
220:Ebony Travelling Fashion Fair
152:Ebony Traveling Fashion Fair
1943:Black players in ice hockey
1878:National Urban League (NUL)
1704:American Society of Muslims
942:Selma to Montgomery marches
862:Brown v. Board of Education
72:; 15 years ago
54:; 66 years ago
2834:
2100:Great Dismal Swamp maroons
1858:Nashville Student Movement
869:Children of the plantation
212:Johnson Publishing company
188:Johnson Publishing Company
168:Johnson Publishing Company
89:Johnson Publishing Company
2770:
2737:Index of related articles
1918:
1738:Doctrine of Father Divine
1122:Women's suffrage movement
1075:Reconstruction Amendments
882:Voting Rights Act of 1965
21:
2787:United States portal
2222:African-American English
1651:Inventors and scientists
1343:George Washington Carver
947:Chicago Freedom Movement
759:Gallery Int Fashion Fair
297:Museum of Design Atlanta
196:Flint-Goodridge Hospital
2710:African-American firsts
1759:Back-to-Africa movement
1728:Black Hebrew Israelites
1508:Adam Clayton Powell Jr.
1056:Partus sequitur ventrem
448:Encyclopedia Britannica
2678:Spingarn Medal winners
2167:States and territories
1938:Black NFL quarterbacks
1438:Martin Luther King Jr.
970:Dred Scott v. Sandford
909:Montgomery bus boycott
727:Chicago History Museum
694:Chicago History Museum
289:Chicago History Museum
262:Fashion Fair Cosmetics
172:Fashion Fair Cosmetics
1988:Athletic associations
1923:Negro league baseball
1694:African-American Jews
1413:Ketanji Brown Jackson
1378:Henry Highland Garnet
1237:Negro National Anthem
987:George Floyd protests
952:Post–civil rights era
216:Eunice Walker Johnson
106:Eunice Walker–Johnson
2195:Afro-Seminole Creole
1721:Azusa Street Revival
1593:Booker T. Washington
1117:Underground Railroad
982:Free people of color
836:Atlantic slave trade
301:Milwaukee Art Museum
162:, co–founder of the
2590:Trinidad and Tobago
2205:Black American Sign
2032:By African descent
2026:Ethnic subdivisions
2013:Southwestern (SWAC)
1928:Baseball color line
1843:Black Panther Party
1747:Political movements
1664:in computer science
1323:Carol Moseley Braun
1112:Tulsa race massacre
1105:Treatment of slaves
937:March on Washington
932:Birmingham movement
533:. February 15, 2014
472:America Comes Alive
424:. February 15, 2014
150:(also known as the
18:
2688:US representatives
2683:US cabinet members
2575:Dominican Republic
2162:Metropolitan areas
2003:Mid-Eastern (MEAC)
1828:Civic and economic
1806:Self-determination
1627:Education, science
1548:Fred Shuttlesworth
1528:A. Philip Randolph
1433:Coretta Scott King
1358:Frederick Douglass
1185:Harlem Renaissance
1090:Separate but equal
1080:Reconstruction era
1068:Plessy v. Ferguson
959:Cornerstone Speech
873:Civil Rights Acts
856:Black Lives Matter
831:American Civil War
576:The New York Times
474:. February 9, 2015
248:Jean Paul Gaultier
192:Dillard University
148:Ebony Fashion Fair
17:Ebony Fashion Fair
2795:
2794:
2623:African Americans
2495:Dallas–Fort Worth
2090:Black Southerners
2021:
2020:
1473:Thurgood Marshall
1443:Bernard Lafayette
1038:Million Man March
795:African Americans
678:. March 15, 2013.
320:"John H. Johnson"
232:Oscar de la Renta
186:, founder of the
164:Chicago, Illinois
158:event created by
145:
144:
123:
110:
96:
94:Chicago, Illinois
2825:
2785:
2784:
2783:
2747:Lynching victims
2246:Louisiana Creole
2217:American English
2105:Louisiana Creole
2078:Choctaw freedmen
1916:
1453:Huddie Ledbetter
1393:Fannie Lou Hamer
1363:W. E. B. Du Bois
1353:Claudette Colvin
1348:Shirley Chisholm
1165:Family structure
1033:Military history
915:Browder v. Gayle
788:
781:
774:
765:
742:
741:
739:
738:
729:. Archived from
721:Inspiring Beauty
715:
709:
708:
706:
705:
696:. Archived from
686:
680:
679:
668:
662:
661:
659:
657:
650:Black Enterprise
640:
634:
629:
623:
622:
620:
618:
601:
595:
594:
592:
590:
567:
561:
560:
549:
543:
542:
540:
538:
523:
517:
516:
490:
484:
483:
481:
479:
464:
458:
457:
455:
454:
440:
434:
433:
431:
429:
414:
408:
407:
397:
366:
360:
359:
357:
355:
340:
334:
333:
331:
330:
316:
224:African-American
154:) was an annual
141:
138:
136:
134:
121:
108:
92:
80:
78:
73:
62:
60:
55:
26:
19:
2833:
2832:
2828:
2827:
2826:
2824:
2823:
2822:
2798:
2797:
2796:
2791:
2781:
2779:
2766:
2732:Historic places
2725:US state firsts
2611:
2526:
2250:
2183:
2155:2010 majorities
2150:2000 majorities
2121:
2068:Black Seminoles
2017:
2008:Southern (SIAC)
1991:
1990:and conferences
1989:
1982:
1978:Serena Williams
1973:Jackie Robinson
1907:
1831:
1829:
1822:
1742:
1709:Nation of Islam
1680:
1628:
1622:
1563:Sojourner Truth
1553:Clarence Thomas
1518:Gabriel Prosser
1418:Michael Jackson
1293:Crispus Attucks
1283:Ralph Abernathy
1271:
1227:Musical theater
1126:
992:Great Migration
964:COVID-19 impact
922:Sit-in movement
797:
792:
750:
745:
736:
734:
717:
716:
712:
703:
701:
688:
687:
683:
676:Huffington Post
670:
669:
665:
655:
653:
642:
641:
637:
630:
626:
616:
614:
603:
602:
598:
588:
586:
569:
568:
564:
557:Huffington Post
551:
550:
546:
536:
534:
525:
524:
520:
505:
492:
491:
487:
477:
475:
466:
465:
461:
452:
450:
442:
441:
437:
427:
425:
416:
415:
411:
368:
367:
363:
353:
351:
350:. 21 March 2016
342:
341:
337:
328:
326:
318:
317:
313:
309:
285:
269:John H. Johnson
264:
228:Yves St Laurent
184:John H. Johnson
180:
131:
107:
103:
91:
76:
74:
71:
58:
56:
53:
12:
11:
5:
2831:
2829:
2821:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2800:
2799:
2793:
2792:
2790:
2789:
2777:
2771:
2768:
2767:
2765:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2728:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2707:
2706:
2705:
2700:
2698:Visual artists
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2658:Mathematicians
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2619:
2617:
2613:
2612:
2610:
2609:
2608:
2607:
2599:
2594:
2593:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2564:
2563:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2536:
2534:
2528:
2527:
2525:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2508:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2482:
2477:
2475:South Carolina
2472:
2467:
2466:
2465:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2445:North Carolina
2442:
2441:
2440:
2430:
2425:
2424:
2423:
2413:
2408:
2407:
2406:
2398:
2397:
2396:
2390:Massachusetts
2388:
2387:
2386:
2376:
2371:
2370:
2369:
2359:
2354:
2353:
2352:
2342:
2337:
2336:
2335:
2325:
2320:
2319:
2318:
2308:
2307:
2306:
2301:
2291:
2286:
2285:
2284:
2279:
2269:
2264:
2258:
2256:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2237:
2236:
2235:
2234:
2232:social context
2229:
2219:
2209:
2208:
2207:
2197:
2191:
2189:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2181:
2180:
2179:
2174:
2164:
2159:
2158:
2157:
2152:
2142:
2141:
2140:
2129:
2127:
2123:
2122:
2120:
2119:
2114:
2113:
2112:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2086:
2085:
2083:Creek Freedmen
2080:
2075:
2070:
2060:
2058:Alabama Creole
2055:
2054:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2029:
2027:
2023:
2022:
2019:
2018:
2016:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1998:Central (CIAA)
1994:
1992:
1987:
1984:
1983:
1981:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1919:
1913:
1909:
1908:
1906:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1834:
1832:
1827:
1824:
1823:
1821:
1820:
1815:
1814:
1813:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1791:Pan-Africanism
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1772:
1771:
1761:
1756:
1750:
1748:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1740:
1735:
1733:Black theology
1730:
1725:
1724:
1723:
1713:
1712:
1711:
1706:
1696:
1690:
1688:
1682:
1681:
1679:
1678:
1677:
1676:
1674:in STEM fields
1671:
1666:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1632:
1630:
1629:and technology
1624:
1623:
1621:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1568:Harriet Tubman
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1498:Michelle Obama
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1428:Barbara Jordan
1425:
1423:Harriet Jacobs
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1313:Amelia Boynton
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1279:
1277:
1276:Notable people
1273:
1272:
1270:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1212:LGBT community
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1193:
1192:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1136:
1134:
1128:
1127:
1125:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1108:
1107:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1064:
1059:
1052:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1011:
1006:
1005:
1004:
999:
989:
984:
979:
974:
966:
961:
956:
955:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
927:Freedom Riders
924:
919:
911:
901:
896:
891:
890:
889:
884:
879:
871:
866:
858:
853:
851:Black genocide
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
807:
805:
799:
798:
793:
791:
790:
783:
776:
768:
762:
761:
756:
749:
746:
744:
743:
710:
681:
663:
635:
624:
596:
562:
544:
518:
503:
485:
459:
435:
409:
361:
335:
310:
308:
305:
284:
281:
277:Desirée Rogers
263:
260:
256:Emanuel Ungaro
179:
176:
160:Eunice Johnson
143:
142:
129:
125:
124:
116:
112:
111:
104:
101:
98:
97:
86:
82:
81:
68:
64:
63:
50:
46:
45:
42:
38:
37:
32:
28:
27:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2830:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2805:
2803:
2788:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2772:
2769:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2757:Neighborhoods
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2720:Sports firsts
2718:
2716:
2713:
2712:
2711:
2708:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2625:
2624:
2621:
2620:
2618:
2614:
2606:
2603:
2602:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2567:
2565:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2541:
2538:
2537:
2535:
2533:
2529:
2523:
2522:West Virginia
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2487:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2464:
2461:
2460:
2459:Pennsylvania
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2439:
2438:New York City
2436:
2435:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2422:
2419:
2418:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2405:
2402:
2401:
2399:
2395:
2392:
2391:
2389:
2385:
2382:
2381:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2368:
2365:
2364:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2351:
2348:
2347:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2334:
2331:
2330:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2317:
2314:
2313:
2312:
2309:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2296:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2283:
2282:San Francisco
2280:
2278:
2275:
2274:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2259:
2257:
2255:By state/city
2253:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2224:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2214:
2213:
2210:
2206:
2203:
2202:
2201:
2200:American Sign
2198:
2196:
2193:
2192:
2190:
2186:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2147:
2146:
2143:
2139:
2136:
2135:
2134:
2133:Neighborhoods
2131:
2130:
2128:
2124:
2118:
2115:
2111:
2108:
2107:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2065:
2064:
2063:Black Indians
2061:
2059:
2056:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2024:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1985:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1920:
1917:
1914:
1910:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1835:
1833:
1825:
1819:
1816:
1812:
1809:
1808:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1770:
1767:
1766:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1751:
1749:
1745:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1722:
1719:
1718:
1717:
1714:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1701:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1691:
1689:
1687:
1683:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1641:Black schools
1639:
1637:
1636:Black studies
1634:
1633:
1631:
1625:
1619:
1618:Whitney Young
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1608:Oprah Winfrey
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1578:Denmark Vesey
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1523:Joseph Rainey
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1478:Toni Morrison
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1463:Joseph Lowery
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1408:Jesse Jackson
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1398:Kamala Harris
1396:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1383:Marcus Garvey
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1333:Blanche Bruce
1331:
1329:
1328:Edward Brooke
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1318:James Bradley
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1298:James Baldwin
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1280:
1278:
1274:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1242:Neighborhoods
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1191:
1188:
1187:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1137:
1135:
1133:
1129:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1106:
1103:
1102:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1095:Silent Parade
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1069:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1057:
1053:
1051:
1050:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1023:Jim Crow laws
1021:
1019:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
994:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
972:
971:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
917:
916:
912:
910:
907:
906:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
874:
872:
870:
867:
864:
863:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
846:Black cowboys
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
808:
806:
804:
800:
796:
789:
784:
782:
777:
775:
770:
769:
766:
760:
757:
755:
752:
751:
747:
733:on 2015-03-28
732:
728:
724:
722:
714:
711:
700:on 2014-04-19
699:
695:
691:
685:
682:
677:
673:
667:
664:
652:
651:
646:
639:
636:
633:
628:
625:
613:
612:
607:
600:
597:
585:
581:
577:
573:
566:
563:
558:
554:
548:
545:
532:
528:
522:
519:
514:
510:
506:
504:9780913820377
500:
496:
489:
486:
473:
469:
463:
460:
449:
445:
439:
436:
423:
419:
413:
410:
405:
401:
396:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
365:
362:
349:
345:
339:
336:
325:
321:
315:
312:
306:
304:
302:
298:
294:
290:
282:
280:
278:
274:
270:
261:
259:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
236:Pierre Cardin
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
208:
206:
205:Jet Magazine—
202:
197:
193:
189:
185:
177:
175:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
140:
130:
126:
120:
117:
113:
105:
99:
95:
90:
87:
83:
69:
65:
51:
47:
43:
39:
36:
33:
29:
25:
20:
2673:Sportspeople
2643:Billionaires
2560:Sierra Leone
2463:Philadelphia
2299:Jacksonville
2126:Demographics
1958:Jack Johnson
1948:Muhammad Ali
1781:Conservatism
1716:Black church
1613:Andrew Young
1598:Ida B. Wells
1588:David Walker
1583:C. T. Vivian
1538:Paul Robeson
1533:Hiram Revels
1513:Colin Powell
1493:Barack Obama
1448:James Lawson
1403:Jimi Hendrix
1373:James Farmer
1368:Medgar Evers
1338:Ralph Bunche
1288:Maya Angelou
1262:Middle class
1140:Afrofuturism
1066:
1054:
1047:
968:
913:
860:
826:Afrocentrism
816:Abolitionism
754:Fashion Fair
735:. Retrieved
731:the original
726:
720:
713:
702:. Retrieved
698:the original
693:
684:
675:
666:
654:. Retrieved
648:
638:
627:
615:. Retrieved
609:
599:
587:. Retrieved
575:
565:
556:
547:
535:. Retrieved
530:
521:
494:
488:
476:. Retrieved
471:
462:
451:. Retrieved
447:
438:
426:. Retrieved
421:
412:
377:
373:
364:
352:. Retrieved
347:
338:
327:. Retrieved
323:
314:
292:
286:
265:
240:Paco Rabanne
219:
209:
204:
200:
181:
171:
151:
147:
146:
85:Headquarters
35:Fashion Show
31:Company type
2693:US senators
2663:Republicans
2648:Journalists
2505:San Antonio
2470:Puerto Rico
2411:Mississippi
2304:Tallahassee
2277:Los Angeles
1968:Jesse Owens
1953:Arthur Ashe
1811:Nationalism
1801:Raised fist
1764:Black power
1669:in medicine
1603:Roy Wilkins
1558:Emmett Till
1543:Al Sharpton
1308:Julian Bond
1303:James Bevel
1267:Upper class
1257:Stereotypes
1150:Black mecca
1062:Plantations
841:Black Codes
133:fashionfair
2802:Categories
2638:Astronauts
2428:New Jersey
2272:California
1776:Capitalism
1573:Nat Turner
1503:Rosa Parks
1488:Diane Nash
1458:John Lewis
1247:Newspapers
1217:Literature
1202:Juneteenth
1155:Businesses
1009:Exodusters
977:Free Negro
737:2015-04-04
704:2014-04-27
656:14 January
617:14 January
453:2017-03-08
329:2017-03-08
307:References
102:Key people
2752:Monuments
2628:Activists
2480:Tennessee
2400:Michigan
2384:Baltimore
2374:Louisiana
2367:Lexington
2350:Davenport
2289:Cleveland
2188:Languages
2117:Melungeon
2095:Blaxicans
1963:Joe Louis
1818:Socialism
1754:Anarchism
1483:Bob Moses
1468:Malcolm X
1388:Fred Gray
1252:Soul food
1190:New Negro
1175:Folktales
1085:Redlining
584:0362-4331
513:834525766
386:0027-9684
324:Biography
252:Valentino
182:In 1956,
119:Cosmetics
109:(founder)
2775:Category
2566:America
2532:Diaspora
2517:Virginia
2450:Oklahoma
2433:New York
2416:Nebraska
2379:Maryland
2362:Kentucky
2328:Illinois
2267:Arkansas
2172:Illinois
2110:of color
1796:Populism
1769:Movement
1686:Religion
1028:Lynching
811:Timeline
748:See also
589:March 8,
537:March 8,
478:March 8,
428:March 8,
354:March 8,
299:and the
244:Givenchy
137:/aboutus
115:Products
2703:Writers
2668:Singers
2653:Jurists
2601:Europe
2555:Liberia
2500:Houston
2404:Detroit
2340:Indiana
2333:Chicago
2316:Atlanta
2311:Georgia
2294:Florida
2262:Alabama
2212:English
1786:Leftism
1656:Museums
1207:Kwanzaa
1132:Culture
1100:Slavery
803:History
723:venues"
611:Fortune
531:NPR.org
422:NPR.org
404:4902313
395:2611800
273:Fortune
178:History
166:–based
156:fashion
128:Website
75: (
67:Defunct
57: (
49:Founded
2715:Mayors
2633:Actors
2605:France
2597:Israel
2585:Mexico
2570:Canada
2545:Gambia
2540:Africa
2490:Austin
2455:Oregon
2394:Boston
2357:Kansas
2323:Hawaii
2241:Gullah
2051:Yoruba
2041:Gullah
1912:Sports
1830:groups
1660:Women
1197:Hoodoo
1071:(1896)
997:Second
973:(1857)
918:(1956)
865:(1954)
582:
511:
501:
402:
392:
384:
283:Legacy
254:, and
122:(1973)
2616:Lists
2580:Haiti
2550:Ghana
2485:Texas
2421:Omaha
1699:Islam
1232:Names
1222:Music
1160:Dance
201:Ebony
41:Genre
2512:Utah
2345:Iowa
2177:Ohio
2138:list
2046:Igbo
2036:Fula
1180:Hair
1170:Film
887:1968
877:1964
658:2020
619:2020
591:2017
580:ISSN
539:2017
509:OCLC
499:ISBN
480:2017
430:2017
400:PMID
382:ISSN
356:2017
139:.php
135:.com
77:2009
70:2009
59:1958
52:1958
1145:Art
1002:New
390:PMC
203:or
2804::
1016:/
725:.
692:.
674:.
647:.
608:.
578:.
574:.
555:.
529:.
507:.
470:.
446:.
420:.
398:.
388:.
378:61
376:.
372:.
346:.
322:.
303:.
279:.
250:,
246:,
242:,
238:,
234:,
230:,
787:e
780:t
773:v
740:.
719:"
707:.
660:.
621:.
593:.
559:.
541:.
515:.
482:.
456:.
432:.
406:.
358:.
332:.
79:)
61:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.