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prospect of exchange or collaboration with the visitors. During the Forum "it was proposed to establish an
International Platform for exchanges and experience sharing", and "decided to create a permanent international Working Group to keep watch and make proposals on the theme territory-heritage-landscape." In the early 2017 on the basis of ideas, issues and debates raised by participants during the Forum a common vision was drawn and a provisional
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characteristics. As many more ecomuseums are established across the world the idea has been growing and the changes in the approach towards the philosophy are reflected in the reactions of the communities involved. In recent time particular significance is the rise in ecomuseology in India, China, Taiwan, Japan, Thailand, Vietnam and
Cambodia, with significant increase in Italy, Poland, the Czech Republic and Turkey.
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277:), Rivard and Mayrand hosted the first international gathering of ecomuseologists. More than fifty ecomuseum curators and field-staff from France, Germany, Mexico, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United States participated in the conference. The meeting resulted in the founding of the International Movement for New Museology or MINOM
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In 2016 inside the 24th ICOM General
Conference "Museums and cultural landscape" of Milan, the first Forum of ecomuseums and community museums took place. The goals of the forum were to share experiences, questions and difficulties that ecomuseums face; to share their future projects; to envisage any
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is a central issue for ecomuseums and it implies also to increase the value of a place instead of diminishing it. Evidence from best practices identifies in this process two key elements: place-based development, as previously described, and the improvement of local networks, where ecomuseums have to
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First by creating a new sense of place. An ecomuseum consists of a specific geographic area, either rural or urban. It is not just a building that displays valued items even though communities often have a facility or defined space that serves as an information and activities center. For example, the
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Collections include intangible heritage such as traditional lifestyles, local skills and oral history, shared experiences and values, as well as tangible heritage such as important sites and buildings and archival materials. Usually collections are not gathered together inside a museum building but
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In 1985, the entire issue of Museum
International Quarterly, the UNESCO periodical, was devoted to the ecomuseum concept. Titled “Images of the Ecomuseum,” the journal opened with Georges Henri Rivière’s article, “Evolutive definition of the ecomuseum,” followed by Hugues de Varine’s editorial,
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In the 1960s and ‘70s, a new kind of museum, known as ecomuseums, emerged throughout Europe, predominately in France. Based on belief that museums and communities should be related to the whole of life, ecomuseums focused on integrating the family home with other aspects of a community. Similar
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aims at “connecting all national
Ecomuseums and Community Museums and their networks, existing or to be established, and all other heritage and landscape NGOs, in a virtual and interactive space” and at the “production of a multilingual documentary and a bibliographic pool of resources on
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The ecomuseum phenomenon has grown dramatically over the years, with no one ecomuseum model but rather an entire philosophy that has been adapted and molded for use in a variety of situations. Many museologists have sought to define the distinctive features of ecomuseums, listing their
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The second way ecomuseums differed from traditional museums is in the role of the people who live in the area and share a common culture. Residents define the community’s collections, not outside experts, and take responsibility for their care.
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In 1991, following a five-year educational program guided by the
Smithsonian Institution’s Center for Museum Studies, along with René Rivard, Shayne del Cohen and other consultants, the first ecomuseum in the United States opened at the
297:(translated from O’odham as ‘Our Way’), the museum became a community education center that prompted the study of Ak-Chin prehistoric presence in the Sonora Desert and of their endeavors to develop in this arid environment.
199:, an ecomuseum's overarching purpose was to develop a strong sense of common identity. Thus ecomuseums established a new role for museums as mediator in the process of cultural transition and the development of communities.
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involvement does not mean that local administrations, a unique historical heritage of
European democracy, are irrelevant. On the contrary their role, to be effective, must involve people, going beyond the narrow circle of
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means to go beyond the formal aspect of an ecomuseum, beyond a simple set course, designed on paper; it is about designing real actions, able to change our society and improve our landscape. Community means a group with:
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214:, coined the name “ecomuseums” (“ecomusée” in French). By adding "eco," meaning "home" in Greek, de Varine’s term eco-museum reflected the emerging concept of a “home-museum” or a “territory-museum.”
263:. Community members learn the proper ways of taking care of objects and ways for developing schematic exhibitions and activities through various workshops and internship opportunities.
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Ecomuseums are an important medium through which a community can take control of its heritage and enable new approaches to make meaning out of conserving its local distinctiveness.
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See Andrea
Hauenschild, 1998, Claims and Reality of New Museology: Case Studies in Canada, the United States and Mexico. Center for Museum Studies, Smithsonian Institution, 1990;
270:, a professor at the University of Quebec in Montreal who helped the people of 12 villages located in a remote area of south-eastern Quebec to create the Haute-Beauce Ecomuseum.
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An
Ecomuseum is a dynamic way in which communities preserve, interpret, and manage their heritage for a sustainable development. An Ecomuseum is based on a community agreement.
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means a mutual consent, implying reciprocal commitments between local players. The Polish national meeting, once more, put forward the idea of “voluntary meeting of people”.
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means that reading and communicating heritage values, providing new interpretations of it and raising its profile, are part of the day-to-day activity for ecomuseums.
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is very close to Place as a notion, including history of inhabitants and things, what is visible and what it is not, tangibles and intangibles, memories and future.
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in
Montreal’s Centre-Sud has converted a large former public bath to hold its exhibitions and other cultural or community activities and to house ecomuseum offices.
145:, who coined the term ‘ecomusée’ in 1971. The term "éco" is a shortened form for "écologie", but it refers especially to a new idea of holistic interpretation of
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Nancy J. Fuller, “The Museum as a Vehicle for Community Empowerment,” in Museums and Communities, The Politics of Public Culture (SI Press 1992), pp. 327-365.
544:"The museum in the service of man: Today and tomorrow. The museum's educational and cultural role : The papers from the Ninth General Conference of ICOM"
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in Washington, D.C., and the Casa del Museo in suburban Mexico City which served as the prototype for hundreds of ‘museos comunitarios’ throughout Mexico.
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For a synthetic view on ecomuseum definitions, see: Gerard Corsane, Peter Davis, Sarah Elliott, Maurizio Maggi, Donatella Murtas & Sally Rogers,
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In the early 2017 the world platform for exchange and experience sharing between ecomuseums and community museums was published. The platform called
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Santo, R. D., Baldi, N., Duca, A. D. and Rossi, A. (2017), The Strategic Manifesto of Italian Ecomuseums. Museum, 69: 86–95. doi:10.1111/muse.12153
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Santo, R. D., Baldi, N., Duca, A. D. and Rossi, A. (2017), The Strategic Manifesto of Italian Ecomuseums. Museum, 69: 86–95. doi:10.1111/muse.12153
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See René Rivard, “Opening up the Museum,” The Sourcebook (American Association of Museums Annual Meeting, Chicago, IL, 11 May 1990), pp. 27-47.
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René Rivard, “Opening up the Museum,” The Sourcebook (American Association of Museums Annual Meeting, Chicago, IL, 11 May 1990), pp. 27-47.
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192:, the French museologist who felt museums should reflect the natural heritage as well as the local culture and distinctiveness of place.
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Interchangeable roles: public officers, representatives, volunteers and other local actors are all playing a vital role in an ecomuseum.
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focused on the identity of a place, largely based on local participation and aiming to enhance the welfare and development of
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beliefs during this period helped generate neighborhood museums in the United States and Mexico. Examples include the
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Often created in response to external forces that held the potential for bringing radical change to an area, such as
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The ecomuseum concept was promoted in North America through the efforts of René Rivard, a Canadian museologist, and
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Ecomuseums: A study of how agents gain socio-cultural capital through participation within Flodden 1513 Ecomuseum
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Ecomuseums: A study of how agents gain socio-cultural capital through participation within Flodden 1513 Ecomuseum
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Although organized independently of each other, many of these museums were influenced by the philosophy of
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Raymond de la Rocha Mille, Museums without Walls: The Museology of Georges Henri Rivière, available at
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Shayne del Cohen, Our story Inc., Northern Nevada African American Firefighter Museum. 2022;
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This means that the three essential dimensions of a museum are radically transformed so that
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Museum = building + collections + visitors and Ecomuseums = territory + heritage + community.
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645:, International Journal of Heritage Studies, Vol. 13, No. 2, March 2007, pp. 101–116.
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There are presently about 300 operating ecomuseums in the world; about 200 are in
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https://www.ourstoryinc.com/northern-nevada-african-american-firefighter-museum
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Hugues de Varine compared museums and ecomuseums in the following equations:
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Marie-Odile de Bary, André Desvalles, Françoise Wasserman (editors), 1994,
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Ecomuseums and cultural landscapes. State of the art and future prospects
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Thus, ecomuseums differ from mainstream museums in significant ways:
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Ecomuseum Evaluation: Experiences in Piemonte and Liguria, Italy
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What does "ecomuseum" mean for the contemporary museology (PDF)
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play a key role as catalysts of social capital development.
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Ecomuseums.com (Ecomuseum Studies & Discussions)
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without Walls the Museology of Georges Henri Riviere.
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In 1971, during the 9th triennial Conference of the
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World platform for ecomuseums and community museums
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509:https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000016103
308:Definition from the European Network of Ecomuseums
449:Vagues: une anthologie de la nouvelle muséologie
319:Declaration of Intent of the Long Net Workshop
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696:. Santarcangelo di Romagna, Italy: Maggioli.
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354:Preservation, interpretation and management
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476:"WEB LINKS and BIBLIOGRAPHY on ECOMUSEUMS"
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
16:Museum focused on the identity of a place
744:Strategic document of Italian ecomuseums
604:https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/8/12/1310
522:https://www.academia.edu/7555749/Museums
474:Perrier-Latour, Clémence (2005-12-08).
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399:ecomuseology and its best practices”.
833:Melbourne's Living Museum of the West
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47:adding citations to reliable sources
937:Ecomuseo del Paesaggio di Parabiago
786:FEMS (Fédération écomusées, France)
377:The 2016 Milan Cooperation Charter
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912:Kuća o batani - Casa della batana
218:“The word Ecomuseum and beyond."
190:Georges Henri Rivière (1897–1985)
137:, the concept being developed by
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1127:Traditional ecological knowledge
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480:International Council of Museums
430:Ecomuseums and Community Museums
204:International Council of Museums
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1425:Science, technology and society
670:Porter, Hilary (July 3, 2017).
34:needs additional citations for
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1266:Religion and environmentalism
815:Ceumannan – Staffin Ecomuseum
556:Museum Vol 37. No. 148, 1985.
464:, Leicester University Press.
426:, Francophile and visionnaire
293:in Maricopa, Arizona. Called
1329:Environmental interpretation
858:Suojia Miao people ecomuseum
810:Cateran Ecomuseum (Scotland)
462:Ecomuseums: a sense of place
1302:Environmental communication
906:Karaganda Ecological Museum
384:“Milan Cooperation Charter”
321:, Trento (Italy), May 2004
133:. Ecomuseums originated in
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1117:Environmental anthropology
894:Ecomuseo dei Terrazzamenti
776:IOL (Interactions On Line)
608:http://www.minom-icom.net/
584:Ecomuseum Official website
273:In 1984, in Haute-Beauce (
183:Anacostia Community Museum
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943:Ecomuseo Adda di Leonardo
870:Ecomusée Creusot-Montceau
1532:Sustainable architecture
1470:Arts and Crafts movement
1334:Environmental journalism
1228:Environmental philosophy
987:Environmental humanities
933:(German website, France)
690:Riva, Raffaella (2017).
335:Shared responsibilities;
291:Ak-Chin Indian Community
1354:Thematic interpretation
1307:Environmental education
1107:Ecological anthropology
1013:Environmental sculpture
845:Ecomusée du Bois-du-Luc
364:Sustainable development
1505:Landscape architecture
1452:Sustainability studies
1261:Environmental theology
900:Søhøjlandets Økomuseum
888:Ecomuseo del Casentino
821:Ecoamgueddfa Ecomuseum
804:Flodden 1513 Ecomuseum
567:"Culture & Musées"
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247:Écomusée du fier monde
1324:Environmental history
1223:Environmental justice
839:Ecomuseu do Matadouro
734:Declaration of Intent
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139:Georges Henri Rivière
1500:Environmental design
1380:Biophilia hypothesis
1218:Environmental ethics
1188:Aesthetics of nature
876:Ekomuseum Bergslagen
571:Culture & Musées
348:authorized personnel
332:General involvement;
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1542:Sustainable fashion
460:Peter Davis, 1999,
1616:1971 introductions
1565:Environment portal
1537:Sustainable design
1170:Outdoor literature
1097:Cultural landscape
1023:Landscape painting
923:2010-05-07 at the
850:2001-07-18 at the
419:List of ecomuseums
409:Cultural landscape
390:The DROPS Platform
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1485:Ecological design
1344:Outdoor education
1339:Environmental law
1271:Spiritual ecology
1233:Predation problem
1060:Site-specific art
1008:Environmental art
952:(Greece, Albania)
931:Ecomusée d'Alsace
918:Ecomusée d'Alsace
864:Ak-Chin ecomuseum
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60: –
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54:Find sources:
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32:This article
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1527:New Urbanism
1489:
1198:Deep ecology
1160:Geocriticism
1150:Ecocriticism
1122:Ethnoecology
1112:Ecosemiotics
1033:conservation
908:(Kazakhstan)
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488:. Retrieved
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99:October 2007
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41:Please help
36:verification
33:
1547:Themed walk
1276:Stewardship
1256:Ecotheology
1203:Ecofeminism
1028:Photography
835:(Australia)
325:Dynamic way
176:Development
58:"Ecomuseum"
1626:Ecomuseums
1610:Categories
1510:assessment
1480:Biomimicry
1420:Sexecology
1317:arts-based
1180:Philosophy
1137:Literature
817:(Scotland)
490:2023-03-23
436:References
414:Ecotourism
281:(See also
69:newspapers
1621:Community
1490:Ecomuseum
1442:Slow food
1375:Bioethics
1155:Ecopoetry
1038:landscape
914:(Croatia)
902:(Denmark)
854:(Belgium)
371:Agreement
343:Community
123:ecomuseum
1590:Journals
1575:Category
1515:planning
1248:Religion
1213:Ecosophy
1048:wildlife
1018:Land art
1003:Crop art
927:(France)
921:Archived
884:(Norway)
878:(Sweden)
872:(France)
848:Archived
841:(Brazil)
829:(Canada)
792:Examples
403:See also
358:Heritage
212:(UNESCO)
1595:Degrees
1585:Commons
1462:Applied
1399:museums
1363:Related
1084:Culture
948:Vjosa/
945:(Italy)
939:(Italy)
896:(Italy)
890:(Italy)
860:(China)
823:(Wales)
295:Him Dak
260:in situ
83:scholar
1043:nature
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170:Poland
168:, and
158:France
154:Europe
135:France
127:museum
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1389:ethic
1312:adult
1285:Other
866:(USA)
677:(PDF)
396:DROPS
257:held
166:Spain
162:Italy
125:is a
90:JSTOR
76:books
806:(UK)
698:ISBN
141:and
62:news
995:Art
350:”.
121:An
45:by
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