176:
74:
33:
291:, which have particular structural and functional properties, and it differs from ecological integrity, which refers to environments with minimal human impact, although the term ecological health has also been used loosely in reference to a range of environmental issues. Human health, in its broadest sense, is recognized as having ecological foundations.
330:
refers not only to recognition of a level of health, integrity or potential damage, but also, to a decision to do nothing (more) to harm that ecosystem or its dependents. An ecosystem has a good health if it is capable of self-restoration after suffering external disturbances. This is termed
468:
is thought to be important to maintaining ecological health, as it is far faster and simpler to destroy an ecosystem than protect it—thus wars on behalf of ecosystem integrity may simply lead to more rapid despoliation and loss due to
278:
With respect to broader environmental issues, ecological health has been defined as "the goal for the condition at a site that is cultivated for crops, managed for tree harvest, stocked for fish, urbanized, or otherwise intensively
264:
The term has also been used in medicine with respect to management of environmental factors (taxes, health insurance surcharges) that may reduce the risk of unhealthy behavior such as smoking.
358:. Dependencies between species vary so much as to be difficult to express abstractly. However, there are a few universal symptoms of poor health or damage to system integrity:
583:
Sorensen, Gloria et al. (2013). "Intention to quit smoking and concerns about household environmental risks: findings from the Health in Common Study in low-income housing."
464:
is another tactic thought to be effective by some in protecting the health of ecosystems, but this is hotly disputed. In general, low confrontation and much attention to
446:, are thought to improve or at least not to degrade ecological health, while still keeping land usable for human purposes. This is difficult to investigate as part of
682:
650:
695:
197:
355:
91:
46:
237:
219:
157:
60:
487:
are two issues that prompt deep investigation of what makes for ecological health, and fuels a great many debates. The role of
138:
691:
504:
110:
668:
261:, which results from exposure to synthetic chemicals (pesticides, smoke, etc.) in the environment, hence the term ecological.
95:
596:
Teodorescu, Gabriela (2010). "Climate change impact on urban ecosystems and sustainable development of cities in
Romania."
711:
258:
117:
612:
KARR, J. R., (1996). "Ecological integrity and ecological health are not the same." Pp. 97-109, In: Schulz, P. (ed.)
354:
are valid indicators of ecological health as stability and productivity (good indicators of ecological health) are two
190:
184:
318:
While the term integrity or damage seems to take no position on this, it does assume that there is a definition of
124:
84:
688:
201:
106:
443:
451:
52:
625:
Belaoussoff, Svenja and Peter G. Kevan (2003). "Are There
Ecological Foundations for Ecosystem Health?"
439:
407:
The migration of whole species into or out of a region, contrary to established or historical patterns;
374:) that thrive on it - but no consequent population growth in those species that normally prey on them;
546:
427:
332:
295:
17:
253:
is a term that has been used in relation to both human health and the condition of the environment.
480:
496:
455:
131:
678:
646:
531:
465:
327:
541:
516:
378:
284:
272:
21:
664:
536:
526:
313:
551:
268:
705:
476:
338:
Measures of broad ecological health, like measures of the more specific principle of
674:
488:
423:
351:
339:
640:
470:
431:
415:
73:
694:. It is one of four environmental research centers established in 1991 by the
492:
484:
411:
288:
499:
nets is often portrayed as negative in the extreme, held akin to the role of
521:
435:
390:
386:
347:
343:
323:
319:
382:
367:
299:
461:
447:
401:
397:
307:
303:
500:
371:
363:
169:
67:
26:
310:, that term assumes that ecosystems can be said to be alive
298:
concerns, which are often closely related (but as a part of
639:
White, Franklin; Stallones, Lorann; Last, John M. (2013).
418:
where previously a more biodiverse species range existed.
257:
In medicine, ecological health has been used to refer to
670:
Ecosystem health: new goals for environmental management
275:, meaning composting, recycling, and energy efficiency.
366:
material and the proliferation of simpler life forms (
598:
CWSEAS Transactions on environment and development,
574:
New
Harbinger Publications Incorporated, 375 Pages.
98:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
572:Multiple chemical sensitivity: a survival guide.
8:
642:Global Public Health: Ecological Foundations
616:s Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press.
450:, but is increasingly part of discourse on
294:The term health is intended to evoke human
61:Learn how and when to remove these messages
608:
606:
396:A higher rate of species mortality due to
389:to proliferate, very often overstressing
238:Learn how and when to remove this message
220:Learn how and when to remove this message
158:Learn how and when to remove this message
614:Engineering Within Ecological Constraint
183:This article includes a list of general
563:
271:term, ecological health refers to the
689:Center for Ecological Health Research
7:
696:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
96:adding citations to reliable sources
667:, Norton BG and Haskell BD (1992)
356:ecological effects of biodiversity
189:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
42:This article has multiple issues.
174:
72:
31:
692:University of California, Davis
505:Human impact on the environment
283:Ecological health differs from
83:needs additional citations for
50:or discuss these issues on the
1:
322:that can be said to apply to
259:multiple chemical sensitivity
585:Cancer Causes & Control,
570:Gibson, Pamela Reed (2000).
342:, tend to be specific to an
645:. Oxford University Press.
350:. Measures that depend on
326:. The more political term
730:
442:, sometimes combined into
15:
16:Not to be confused with
698:(R819658 & R825433)
444:sustainable agriculture
422:Some practices such as
410:The proliferation of a
400:rather than predation,
204:more precise citations.
452:agricultural economics
627:The Environmentalist,
503:on human life. (See
440:precision agriculture
273:"greenness" of cities
712:Environmental health
547:Resilience (ecology)
428:sustainable forestry
296:environmental health
92:improve this article
18:Environmental health
481:habitat destruction
404:, or food scarcity;
287:, the condition of
107:"Ecological health"
385:, causing smaller
683:978-1-55963-140-2
652:978-0-19-975190-7
532:Normative science
466:political virtues
328:ecological wisdom
251:Ecological health
248:
247:
240:
230:
229:
222:
168:
167:
160:
142:
65:
719:
657:
656:
636:
630:
623:
617:
610:
601:
594:
588:
581:
575:
568:
542:Overexploitation
517:Ecosystem health
379:keystone species
285:ecosystem health
243:
236:
225:
218:
214:
211:
205:
200:this article by
191:inline citations
178:
177:
170:
163:
156:
152:
149:
143:
141:
100:
76:
68:
57:
35:
34:
27:
22:Ecosystem health
729:
728:
722:
721:
720:
718:
717:
716:
702:
701:
661:
660:
653:
638:
637:
633:
624:
620:
611:
604:
595:
591:
582:
578:
569:
565:
560:
537:Overconsumption
527:Natural capital
513:
424:organic farming
362:The buildup of
316:on this issue).
314:Gaia philosophy
244:
233:
232:
231:
226:
215:
209:
206:
196:Please help to
195:
179:
175:
164:
153:
147:
144:
101:
99:
89:
77:
36:
32:
25:
12:
11:
5:
727:
726:
723:
715:
714:
704:
703:
700:
699:
686:
659:
658:
651:
631:
618:
602:
589:
576:
562:
561:
559:
556:
555:
554:
552:Scorched earth
549:
544:
539:
534:
529:
524:
519:
512:
509:
420:
419:
408:
405:
394:
381:, often a top
375:
346:or even to an
281:
280:
276:
269:urban planning
265:
262:
246:
245:
228:
227:
182:
180:
173:
166:
165:
80:
78:
71:
66:
40:
39:
37:
30:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
725:
724:
713:
710:
709:
707:
697:
693:
690:
687:
684:
680:
676:
672:
671:
666:
663:
662:
654:
648:
644:
643:
635:
632:
628:
622:
619:
615:
609:
607:
603:
599:
593:
590:
586:
580:
577:
573:
567:
564:
557:
553:
550:
548:
545:
543:
540:
538:
535:
533:
530:
528:
525:
523:
520:
518:
515:
514:
510:
508:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
477:Deforestation
474:
472:
467:
463:
459:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
417:
413:
409:
406:
403:
399:
395:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
373:
369:
365:
361:
360:
359:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
336:
334:
329:
325:
321:
317:
315:
309:
305:
301:
297:
292:
290:
286:
277:
274:
270:
266:
263:
260:
256:
255:
254:
252:
242:
239:
224:
221:
213:
203:
199:
193:
192:
186:
181:
172:
171:
162:
159:
151:
140:
137:
133:
130:
126:
123:
119:
116:
112:
109: –
108:
104:
103:Find sources:
97:
93:
87:
86:
81:This article
79:
75:
70:
69:
64:
62:
55:
54:
49:
48:
43:
38:
29:
28:
23:
19:
675:Island Press
669:
641:
634:
626:
621:
613:
597:
592:
587:24:805-811.
584:
579:
571:
566:
483:of deep-sea
475:
460:
456:conservation
421:
393:populations;
377:The loss of
352:biodiversity
340:biodiversity
337:
311:
293:
282:
250:
249:
234:
216:
207:
188:
154:
145:
135:
128:
121:
114:
102:
90:Please help
85:verification
82:
58:
51:
45:
44:Please help
41:
629:23:255–263.
493:plantations
471:competition
432:landscaping
416:monoculture
306:). As with
202:introducing
665:Costanza R
600:6:103-112.
558:References
485:coral reef
430:, natural
414:or even a
412:bioinvader
387:carnivores
333:resilience
324:ecosystems
312:(see also
289:ecosystems
185:references
118:newspapers
47:improve it
522:EcoHealth
489:clearcuts
436:gardening
391:herbivore
348:ecosystem
344:ecoregion
320:integrity
210:July 2019
148:June 2007
53:talk page
706:Category
511:See also
479:and the
383:predator
368:bacteria
300:medicine
501:weapons
497:trawler
462:Ecotage
448:ecology
434:, wild
402:climate
398:disease
372:insects
308:ecocide
304:ecology
198:improve
132:scholar
681:
649:
495:, and
279:used."
267:As an
187:, but
134:
127:
120:
113:
105:
364:waste
139:JSTOR
125:books
679:ISBN
647:ISBN
454:and
302:not
111:news
507:.)
438:or
94:by
20:or
708::
677:,
673:,
605:^
491:,
473:.
458:.
426:,
370:,
335:.
56:.
685:.
655:.
241:)
235:(
223:)
217:(
212:)
208:(
194:.
161:)
155:(
150:)
146:(
136:·
129:·
122:·
115:·
88:.
63:)
59:(
24:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.