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260:, to a German father and a Hungarian mother. As an anti-communist, her father survived a five-year prison sentence for treason. Her father drank and she developed a close relationship with her mother. She sang in a school choir and in the children's choir of the broadcaster. The pastor of the parish where she prepared for
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New, and a brilliant addition to the ensemble, was Edita
Gruberova as Zerbinetta, The Slovak soprano is everything one could hope for in this soaring, most demanding role, for she acts enchantingly, sings with great skill and musicality and possesses a voice that not only sails easily to the top, but
545:
in 2001. The same year, she withdrew from all her performances at the Zürich Opera, after
Alexander Pereira, then intendant, claimed that her dancer daughter's injury, which forced her to quit dancing, was not an occupational accident. In 2012, she appeared there again in a recital, stepping in for
358:. In 1971, Gruberová decided to emigrate to the West. She became a member of the Vienna State Opera in 1972, where she was only given secondary and supporting roles in her early years. She was invited to perform at many of the most important opera houses in the world, especially in
629:, allegorized her convincing portrayal of the aging Elizabeth I who leaves her throne and drew parallels to her retiring. She then focused on concerts and giving masterclasses. She officially retired from the stage in September 2020, in part due to delays related to the
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Gruberová was married to Štefan Klimo, a Czech composer and musicologist. They divorced in 1983 and Klimo died by suicide soon afterwards. Beginning in the 1980s, she had a long professional and personal relationship with
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in a dramatic portrayal of the Queen, without losing her distinctive coloratura. She always performed coloratura ornamentation with dramatic expressiveness, with humour as
Zerbinetta, and in rapture with a high
733:, a pianist and conductor. They separated in 2007. She is the mother of two daughters, including the dancer and choreographer Barbara Klimo. She moved her residence to Zürich in the mid-1980s for tax reasons.
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that she was capable. The premiere won her international recognition, and Böhm said he wished that the composer could have heard that performance. Gruberová first appeared at the
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716:, and an honorary member of the Vienna State Opera from 1988. She was known as the "Slowakische Nachtigall" (Slovak Nightingale). Kesting recognized Gruberová as the last
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Gruberová made many recordings, most notably in full-length opera, and extended selections from
Donizetti's Tudor Queens' trilogy and other bel canto operas. She recorded
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accompanied her when she sang solos at church, and prepared her in piano playing to pass the exam to enter the conservatory. Gruberová began her musical studies at the
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is filled out with sweetness and quality; she had a triumph, predictably, not only in her big aria, but in the touching duet with the
Composer in the prologue as well.
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in the summer of 1969. She was immediately engaged, and made her breakthrough the following year when she appeared as the Queen of the Night in Mozart's
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In Vienna, she studied with
Ruthilde Boesch, whom she described as a wonderful, tough, diligent teacher, the demanding role of Zerbinetta in
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at the
Bavarian State Opera. She concluded her stage career after 51 years of singing leading roles, and received ovations for 58 minutes.
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348:, during which the borders to non-communist countries were closed, Medvecká surreptitiously arranged for an audition for Gruberová at the
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the following year, which became her base. She received international recognition for roles such as Mozart's Queen of the Night in
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by
Richard Strauss. Although a guest was planned to sing the role in a new production in 1976, Gruberová convinced conductor
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287:(VŠMU). While studying there, she was a singer of the Lúčnica folk ensemble and appeared several times in the
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in Vienna in 1990. The latter became one of her signature roles; in a new production in Munich directed by
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1983:
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2576:"Tickets und Infos Kongresszentrum Garmisch-Partenkirchen Eröffnung Richard-Strauss-Festival 2016"
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1805:"Ariadne auf Naxos {32} Matinee Broadcast ed. Metropolitan Opera House: 03/10/1979., Broadcast"
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on 20 December 2019. Her two planned farewell performances in
November 2020, in a semi-staged
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2461:(in German). Munich: Bayerisches Staatsministerium für Wissenschaft und Kunst. 24 July 2015.
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2407:"Helmut Winschermann & Deutsche Bachsolisten / Bach Cantatas & Other Vocal Works"
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Edita
Gruberova as Zerbinetta Live at the MET (17 February 1979) [InHouse Recording]
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Gruberová died of an accidental head injury in Zürich on 18 October 2021 at age 74.
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which made planning further performances difficult. Her last performance was in
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1958:"Star-Sopranistin Edita Gruberová beendet Karriere: Zum Jahresende ist Schluss"
17:
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1401:"Vo veku 74 rokov zomrela v Zürichu slovenská operná speváčka Edita Gruberová"
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in 1973 as the Queen of the Night. She became an Austrian citizen in 1974.
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1927:"Edita Gruberova Gives Final Performances At The Bayerische Staatsoper"
106:
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2155:"Zugabe – Namen, Nachrichten, Nettigkeiten: Neues von der Hinterbühne"
615:
She gave her last opera performance on 27 March 2019 as Elisabetta in
2538:""Goldener Schikaneder": Edita Gruberova wird fürs Lebenswerk geehrt"
2282:
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1200:""Königin der Koloratur": Starsopranistin Edita Gruberová gestorben"
976:"Edita Gruberova, Dazzling Soprano With Emotional Power, Dies at 74"
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2344:"Starsopranistin Edita Gruberova: Die Königin in der ewigen Nacht"
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in 1984. Other important roles include the title roles of Verdi's
657:
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2690:"The Vienna State Opera mourns the death of KS Edita Gruberova"
2443:(booklet). Deutsche Grammophon. 2002. p. 6. DGG 471 451-2.
216:
In her later career, she explored heavier roles in the Italian
2786:
Recordings of rehearsals and performances with Edita Gruberová
521:
in 1992. She performed there in the title role of Donizetti's
515:
in 1984, as Lucia in 1990, and in the title role of Rossini's
391:. She appeared as Zerbinetta in a live broadcast conducted by
187:. She made her stage debut in Bratislava in 1968 as Rosina in
1285:""Einfach Rauf und Runter" – Die Sopranistin Edita Gruberová"
2565:(in German) Richard-Strauss-Festival, retrieved 6 April 2018
2719:
1778:"Die Zauberflöte {211} Metropolitan Opera House: 01/5/1977"
2078:"Slowakische Nachtigall" / Edita Gruberova ausgezeichnet.
440:
as the Duke, and in his 1988 film adaptation of Mozart's
1057:"Edita Gruberova, dazzling operatic soprano, dies at 74"
2015:"Operná diva Edita Gruberová definitívne končí kariéru"
422:. In opera films, she performed as Gilda in Ponnelle's
387:
in 1977, again as the Queen of the Night, conducted by
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and Strauss. In 1980, they performed a recital at the
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2666:(in German). Kassel, Leipzig: Bärenreiter, Henschel.
2563:
Eröffnungsprogramm der Richard-Strauss-Festivals 2016
1656:"Ein Sonnenstrahl, durch einen Diamanten gebrochen"
1586:"Edita Gruberová: Großmächtige Koloraturprinzessin"
1428:
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845:, in 1979, with Helmut Winschermann conducting the
330:, Slovakia, from 1968 to 1970. Among her roles was
232:. In 2019, she portrayed Elisabetta in Donizetti's
183:; 23 December 1946 – 18 October 2021) was a Slovak
140:
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112:
101:
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36:
2508:"Edita Gruberova erhält Herbert von Karajan-Preis"
1549:
1547:
308:In 1968, Gruberová made her operatic debut at the
220:repertoire, such as the title role in Donizetti's
2455:"Christian Gerhaher ist Bayerischer Kammersänger"
602:. In 2006, she added the title role in Bellini's
2072:
2070:
256:Edita Gruberová was born on 23 December 1946 in
2185:"Sopranistin Gruberová verlässt die Opernbühne"
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1647:
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401:
853:. She also appeared as the soprano soloist in
2943:
2817:
2771:(video of Queen of the Night) 1 December 2016
1893:"Die triumphale Rückkehr von Edita Gruberova"
893:Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art
559:Gruberová appeared as Donna Anna in Mozart's
505:Gruberová appeared as a regular guest at the
8:
2602:"The ICMA winners 2021 are published – ICMA"
1323:Kutsch, K.J.; Riemens, L.; Rost, H. (2012).
900:Ehrenzeichen für Verdienste um das Land Wien
539:in 2000, and in the title role of Bellini's
239:
2311:"Starsopranistin Edita Gruberová gestorben"
2278:"Starsopranistin Edita Gruberova gestorben"
1746:"Reviews/Music; Edita Gruberova in Recital"
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1920:
1918:
1371:"Edita Gruberová: Aj diamant treba brúsiť"
1243:(in German). Hamburg. dpa. 27 March 2019.
1235:"Die Gruberova beendet ihre Opernkarriere"
533:in 1999, in the title role of Donizetti's
44:
33:
2833:Herbert von Karajan Music Prize Laureates
1984:"Clap de fin pour Edita Gruberová ?"
1508:, profile at Vienna State Opera (Archive)
1501:
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1434:"Starsopranistin Edita Gruberova ist tot"
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684:partner with whom she performed songs by
482:. She performed as Konstanze in Mozart's
322:. After winning a singing competition in
1463:
1461:
285:Academy of Performing Arts in Bratislava
3129:21st-century Slovak women opera singers
3124:20th-century Slovak women opera singers
3119:Herbert von Karajan Music Prize winners
3051:
1470:"Edita Gruberova: Die Königin dankt ab"
966:
712:Gruberová was an Austrian and Bavarian
2441: Sinopoli: The Complete Recordings
2342:Korentschnig, Gert (18 October 2021).
1994:from the original on 30 September 2020
1692:from the original on 30 September 2020
1229:
1227:
1225:
1223:
1221:
974:Tommasini, Anthony (22 October 2021).
645:, were cancelled due to the pandemic.
2639:(in German). Zürich Mainz: Atlantis.
2246:"Sopranistin Edita Gruberová ist tot"
2101:
1758:from the original on 1 September 2020
1622:Spielplanarchiv der Wiener Staatsoper
1555:"Edita Gruberova hat Grund zu feiern"
197:, and successfully auditioned at the
178:
7:
2960:International Classical Music Awards
2518:from the original on 19 October 2021
2465:from the original on 19 October 2021
2417:from the original on 21 October 2021
2387:from the original on 19 October 2021
2354:from the original on 18 October 2021
2323:from the original on 19 October 2021
2290:from the original on 18 October 2021
2258:from the original on 18 October 2021
2216:Madlener, Bernhard (25 March 2006).
2197:from the original on 5 December 2020
2055:from the original on 19 October 2021
2025:from the original on 5 December 2020
1956:Dörfner, Antje (14 September 2020).
1925:Salazar, Francisco (20 March 2019).
1891:Schneider, Oliver (1 October 2012).
1628:from the original on 27 January 2021
1598:from the original on 18 October 2021
1565:from the original on 19 October 2021
1446:from the original on 18 October 2021
1411:from the original on 18 October 2021
1381:from the original on 4 December 2020
1351:from the original on 19 October 2021
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1180:from the original on 19 October 2021
1117:from the original on 19 October 2021
1069:from the original on 20 October 2021
994:from the original on 23 October 2021
954:International Classical Music Awards
161:International Classical Music Awards
2637:Edita Gruberova : ein Portrait
2135:from the original on 9 October 2021
1654:Kesting, Jürgen (20 October 2021).
1618:"Vorstellungen mit Edita Gruberova"
1283:Hanning, Ilona (19 December 2016).
408:In 1977, she first appeared at the
362:roles. Gruberová made her debut at
2612:from the original on 10 April 2021
2309:Tošić, Ljubiša (18 October 2021).
2165:from the original on 11 April 2021
2125:"Edita Gruberova – Theaterlexikon"
2013:Bejda, Róbert (18 November 2020).
1937:from the original on 22 March 2020
1168:Spinola, Julia (19 October 2021).
1036:from the original on 8 August 2020
920:Österreichischer Musiktheaterpreis
157:Österreichischer Musiktheaterpreis
25:
3134:Slovak expatriates in Switzerland
3109:Czechoslovak emigrants to Austria
1964:from the original on 8 March 2021
1903:from the original on 19 July 2020
1872:from the original on 30 July 2020
1744:Kozinn, Allan (7 November 1989).
1532:from the original on 30 July 2020
1482:from the original on 30 July 2020
1291:from the original on 19 July 2020
1247:from the original on 31 July 2020
1055:Langer, Emily (19 October 2021).
1022:Kesting, Jürgen (30 March 2019).
3066:
3054:
1713:"From Prague Spring to Salzburg"
1584:Brug, Manuel (18 October 2021).
1506:"Kammersängerin Edita Gruberova"
527:in 1995, as Elvira in Bellini's
458:debut as Giulietta in Bellini's
2123:Suter, Paul (18 October 2021).
1520:"OPER: Die bescheidene Königin"
1468:Thiel, Markus (29 March 2019).
1024:"Ich regiere nicht mehr. Geht!"
914:Herbert von Karajan Music Prize
244:" (Slovak Nightingale), and as
153:Herbert von Karajan Music Prize
2286:(in German). 18 October 2021.
2254:(in German). 18 October 2021.
1860:"Comeback von Edita Gruberova"
1711:Pick, Hella (20 August 1979).
1561:(in German). 18 October 2021.
1518:App, Rolf (23 December 2016).
1442:(in German). 18 October 2021.
1407:(in Slovak). 18 October 2021.
857:'s 1991 recording of Mahler's
272:), where she was a student of
1:
3114:Österreichischer Kammersänger
2788:in the online-archive of the
2484:Edita Gruberova ausgezeichnet
1137:"Discography Edita Gruberová"
882:1989: Bavarian Kammersängerin
876:1988: Honorary member of the
834:Jauchzet Gott in allen Landen
792:Die Entführung aus dem Serail
776:Die Entführung aus dem Serail
485:Die Entführung aus dem Serail
291:. She would later study with
2218:"Eine Aschenputtel-Karriere"
2193:(in German). 20 March 2019.
1206:(in German). 18 October 2021
655:Gruberová was introduced to
395:in 1979. Robert Jacobson of
283:. She then continued at the
2514:(in German). 7 March 2013.
2377:"Edita Gruberová (Soprano)"
935:2016: Ehrenplakette of the
841:Mein Herze schwimmt im Blut
746:Edita Gruberová discography
270:Konzervatórium v Bratislave
180:[ˈeditaˈɡruberoʋaː]
3150:
1170:"Edita Gruberová: Nachruf"
887:Bayerischer Verdienstorden
743:
608:to her repertoire, at the
509:, as Marie in Donizetti's
226:, and Elvira in Bellini's
148:Bayerischer Verdienstorden
29:Slovak soprano (1946–2021)
3104:Musicians from Bratislava
2968:
2839:
2790:Österreichische Mediathek
2049:Salzburg Festival Archive
1803:Jacobson, Robert (2021).
1528:(in German). St. Gallen.
412:, as Thibault in Verdi's
240:
43:
3099:Slovak operatic sopranos
2489:30 November 2020 at the
1032:(in German). Frankfurt.
937:Richard-Strauss-Festival
704:, Schubert and Strauss.
592:as the dying Antonia in
569:in Milan in 1987 and as
461:I Capuleti e i Montecchi
342:communist Czechoslovakia
252:Early life and education
2760:19 October 2021 at the
2365:(subscription required)
643:National Theatre Košice
488:, and Oscar in Verdi's
399:, in his review noted:
319:Il barbiere di Siviglia
316:as Rosina in Rossini's
289:Slovak National Theatre
266:Bratislava Conservatory
194:Il barbiere di Siviglia
2962:: Lifetime Achievement
2662:Thiel, Markus (2012).
1688:. Glyndebourne. 2013.
1662:(in German). Frankfurt
1439:Salzburger Nachrichten
956:, Lifetime Achievement
948:Garmisch-Partenkirchen
581:, she made peace with
502:
436:in the title role and
406:
241:Slowakische Nachtigall
2795:registration required
2635:Rishoi, Niel (1996).
2411:Bach Cantatas Website
2381:Bach Cantatas Website
1990:. 14 September 2020.
1686:Glyndebourne Festival
1478:(in German). Munich.
895:(in the field of art)
847:Deutsche Bachsolisten
831:for soprano, such as
700:, featuring songs by
672:, a professor at the
599:Les contes d'Hoffmann
500:
454:. Gruberová made her
2979:Krzysztof Penderecki
2764:(management) Hilbert
2495:Rathauskorrespondenz
2090:Rathauskorrespondenz
2084:10 July 2021 at the
1865:Neue Zürcher Zeitung
1331:Großes Sängerlexikon
930:Goldener Schikaneder
829:Bach's solo cantatas
764:Nikolaus Harnoncourt
718:prima donna assoluta
674:Vienna Music Academy
610:Bavarian State Opera
512:La fille du régiment
491:Un ballo in maschera
452:Ferruccio Furlanetto
424:1982 film adaptation
246:prima donna assoluta
213:by Richard Strauss.
3027:Elisabeth Leonskaja
2910:Vienna Philharmonic
2850:Berlin Philharmonic
1721:. London. p. 6
1682:"The Opera Archive"
1525:St. Galler Tagblatt
1062:The Washington Post
932:for her life's work
473:Lucia di Lammermoor
420:Herbert von Karajan
334:in Loewe's musical
223:Lucia di Lammermoor
2916:Thomas Hengelbrock
2844:Anne-Sophie Mutter
1751:The New York Times
980:The New York Times
878:Vienna State Opera
818:Linda di Chamounix
810:, and Donizetti's
623:, writing for the
524:Linda di Chamounix
503:
381:Metropolitan Opera
350:Vienna State Opera
344:was going through
207:and Zerbinetta in
199:Vienna State Opera
185:coloratura soprano
125:Vienna State Opera
3042:
3041:
2925:
2924:
2698:. 18 October 2021
2695:Wiener Staatsoper
2673:978-3-89487-915-0
2045:"Edita Gruberová"
1754:. New York City.
1344:978-3-598-44088-5
1105:"Elena Gruberová"
855:Giuseppe Sinopoli
822:Ariadne auf Naxos
808:Beatrice di Tenda
768:Ariadne auf Naxos
696:with clarinetist
694:Salzburg Festival
631:COVID-19 pandemic
542:Beatrice di Tenda
501:Gruberová in 2008
476:, and Massenet's
456:Royal Opera House
438:Luciano Pavarotti
410:Salzburg Festival
372:Ariadne auf Naxos
210:Ariadne auf Naxos
169:
168:
113:Years active
50:Gruberová in 2013
16:(Redirected from
3141:
3071:
3070:
3059:
3058:
3057:
3050:
2997:Dmitri Kitayenko
2973:Menahem Pressler
2952:
2945:
2938:
2929:
2886:Daniel Barenboim
2880:Thomas Quasthoff
2826:
2819:
2812:
2803:
2798:
2777:
2751:
2728:
2723:
2722:
2720:Official website
2707:
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2170:
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2099:
2093:
2088:(in German) In:
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2064:
2062:
2060:
2041:
2035:
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2010:
2004:
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2001:
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1980:
1974:
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1397:
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1358:
1356:
1337:. p. 1858.
1326:Gruberová, Edita
1320:
1301:
1300:
1298:
1296:
1280:
1257:
1256:
1254:
1252:
1231:
1216:
1215:
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1196:
1190:
1189:
1187:
1185:
1165:
1159:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1149:on 9 August 2017
1145:. Archived from
1133:
1127:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1103:Patmore, David.
1100:
1079:
1078:
1076:
1074:
1052:
1046:
1045:
1043:
1041:
1019:
1004:
1003:
1001:
999:
971:
945:
928:
908:
754:with conductors
731:Friedrich Haider
671:
639:Roberto Devereux
617:Roberto Devereux
575:Roberto Devereux
553:Roberto Devereux
310:National Theatre
282:
258:Rača, Bratislava
243:
242:
235:Roberto Devereux
182:
177:
89:
77:
71:Rača, Bratislava
66:23 December 1946
65:
63:
48:
34:
21:
3149:
3148:
3144:
3143:
3142:
3140:
3139:
3138:
3079:
3078:
3077:
3065:
3055:
3053:
3045:
3043:
3038:
3033:Edita Gruberová
2964:
2963:
2956:
2926:
2921:
2904:Edita Gruberová
2898:Cecilia Bartoli
2892:Helmuth Rilling
2835:
2830:
2792:
2775:
2769:Edita Gruberová
2767:Trevor Gillis:
2762:Wayback Machine
2755:Edita Gruberová
2743:discography at
2741:Edita Gruberová
2732:Edita Gruberová
2718:
2717:
2714:
2701:
2699:
2688:
2674:
2664:Edita Gruberova
2661:
2647:
2634:
2631:
2629:Further reading
2626:
2625:
2615:
2613:
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2506:
2505:
2501:
2491:Wayback Machine
2482:
2478:
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2459:stmwk.bayern.de
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2215:
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2210:
2200:
2198:
2183:
2182:
2178:
2168:
2166:
2159:Rondo (magazin)
2153:
2152:
2148:
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2136:
2122:
2121:
2108:
2100:
2096:
2086:Wayback Machine
2075:
2068:
2058:
2056:
2043:
2042:
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2026:
2012:
2011:
2007:
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1981:
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1897:DrehPunktKultur
1890:
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1858:
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997:
995:
973:
972:
968:
963:
939:
922:
902:
870:1980: Austrian
867:
859:Fourth Symphony
813:Lucrezia Borgia
784:Die Zauberflöte
760:Bernard Haitink
752:Die Zauberflöte
748:
742:
726:
710:
665:
653:
573:in Donizetti's
448:Delores Ziegler
418:, conducted by
355:Die Zauberflöte
332:Eliza Doolittle
328:Banská Bystrica
306:
301:
293:Ruthilde Boesch
276:
254:
204:Die Zauberflöte
175:
172:Edita Gruberová
165:
97:
91:
87:
86:18 October 2021
78:
69:
67:
61:
59:
51:
39:
38:Edita Gruberová
30:
23:
22:
18:Edita Gruberova
15:
12:
11:
5:
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3037:
3036:
3030:
3024:
3018:
3012:
3009:Matti Salminen
3006:
3000:
2994:
2991:Charles Dutoit
2988:
2985:Aldo Ciccolini
2982:
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2969:
2966:
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2913:
2907:
2901:
2895:
2889:
2883:
2877:
2874:Alfred Brendel
2871:
2865:
2862:Valery Gergiev
2859:
2853:
2847:
2840:
2837:
2836:
2831:
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2814:
2806:
2800:
2799:
2783:
2772:
2765:
2752:
2738:
2729:
2713:
2712:External links
2710:
2709:
2708:
2686:
2672:
2659:
2645:
2630:
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2624:
2623:
2593:
2567:
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2542:Kleine Zeitung
2529:
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2428:
2398:
2368:
2334:
2301:
2269:
2237:
2208:
2176:
2146:
2129:Theaterlexikon
2106:
2104:, p. 222.
2094:
2066:
2036:
2005:
1988:Forumopera.com
1975:
1960:. BR-Klassik.
1948:
1914:
1883:
1868:. 9 May 2012.
1851:
1836:
1821:
1795:
1769:
1736:
1731:Newspapers.com
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1287:. BR-Klassik.
1258:
1217:
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1174:Süddeutsche.de
1160:
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874:
872:Kammersängerin
866:
863:
851:Wolfgang Basch
849:and trumpeter
788:Così fan tutte
780:Heinz Wallberg
744:Main article:
741:
738:
725:
722:
714:Kammersängerin
709:
706:
686:Franz Schubert
661:repertoire by
652:
647:
621:Jürgen Kesting
548:Jonas Kaufmann
470:, Donizetti's
443:Così fan tutte
305:
302:
300:
297:
274:Mária Medvecká
253:
250:
167:
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135:Kammersängerin
132:
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92:
90:(aged 74)
84:
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75:Czechoslovakia
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3007:
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2092:, 27 May 2009
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1110:Naxos Records
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837:
835:
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827:She recorded
825:
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814:
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805:
801:
797:
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777:
773:
769:
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756:Alain Lombard
753:
747:
739:
737:
734:
732:
724:Personal life
723:
721:
719:
715:
707:
705:
703:
699:
698:Peter Schmidl
695:
691:
690:Gustav Mahler
687:
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663:Harald Goertz
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434:Ingvar Wixell
431:
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386:
385:New York City
382:
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346:normalisation
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96:, Switzerland
95:
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47:
42:
35:
32:
27:
19:
3032:
3015:José van Dam
2903:
2700:. Retrieved
2693:
2663:
2636:
2614:. Retrieved
2605:
2596:
2584:. Retrieved
2579:
2570:
2558:
2546:. Retrieved
2544:. 9 May 2014
2541:
2532:
2520:. Retrieved
2511:
2502:
2494:
2493:(image) In:
2479:
2467:. Retrieved
2458:
2449:
2438:
2437:Mahler
2436:
2431:
2419:. Retrieved
2410:
2401:
2389:. Retrieved
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3094:2021 deaths
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1375:Kultúra SME
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680:became her
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536:Anna Bolena
467:La traviata
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277: [
3083:Categories
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102:Occupation
62:1946-12-23
3061:Biography
2682:796975150
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1931:OperaWire
1833:978004560
988:0362-4331
843:, BWV 199
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218:bel canto
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2469:31 March
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2415:Archived
2413:. 2013.
2385:Archived
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2352:Archived
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2163:Archived
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2051:. 2021.
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1992:Archived
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1962:Archived
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