43:
100:
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559:'s commission, as white commissioned officers were. Effendis had no authority over white troops. In the Schutztruppe this rank was used, together with other ranks of Ottoman origin like "Tschausch" (sergeant) and "Ombascha" (corporal). During the First World War askari NCOs were promoted to the rank of Effendi for exemplary service and leadership.
497:. These units entered East Africa with some officers who brought their title of effendi with them and, thus, it continued to be used for non-European officers of the two colonial forces. Up to the present the Swahili form
1164:
258:, and is commonplace in formal discourse, when answering the telephone, and can substitute for "excuse me" in some situations (e.g. asking someone to repeat something).
224:. It follows the personal name, when it is used, and is generally given to members of the learned professions and to government officials who have high ranks, such as
979:
See entry "Afande" in TUKI KAMUSI YA KISWAHILI-KIINGEREZA, by
Taasisi ya Uchunguzi wa Kiswahili, Chuo Kikuu cha Dar es Salaam; Toleo la 1 Edition (January 1, 2001),
763:
983:; "afande: respectful or formal address used by a soldier to his/her superior; respectful or formal answer of a soldier to his/her superior's call."
1049:
1002:
968:
680:
64:
758:
385:
1029:
529:
86:
533:
1019:
1144:
151:
1149:
814:
725:
830:
636:
255:
1114:
1109:
711:
281:), even though at least some if not most of these efendis had once been religious students, or even religious teachers.
275:. Such a title would have indicated an "educated gentleman", hence by implication a graduate of a secular state school (
847:
1154:
925:
910:
889:
544:), and he could not command white troops. The KAR rank came into disuse during the 1930s and was reintroduced in 1956.
57:
51:
1159:
842:
806:
167:
112:
68:
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532:
units until 1961 (from then, promotions to commissioned officers became possible). They were equivalent to the
486:
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493:
were built from a stock of
Sudanese soldiers of the Egyptian army, which was nominally under the
490:
1045:
1025:
998:
964:
818:
810:
721:
410:
789:
748:
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
717:
667:
659:
482:, a particularly polite way of saying, "Excuse me?", and can be used in answering the phone.
475:
431:) was also considered a title for a man of high education or social standing in an eastern (
341:
221:
135:
127:
980:
852:
366:
99:
685:
644:
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352:
262:
217:
172:
107:
1123:
838:
754:
749:
380:
555:. Similar to the practice, Effendis were promoted by a governor's warrant, not by a
470:(as well as some other former Ottoman states), and is the source of the word أفندم؟
777:
548:
313:" and which was one of two "merely conventional designations as indefinite as our '
944:
632:
606:
599:
436:
346:
198:
The title itself and its other forms are originally derived from
Medieval Greek
580:
397:
905:
625:
572:
406:
402:
884:
111:
Figurine of an effendi, circa 1770, hard-paste porcelain, height: 10.8 cm,
594:, "Effendi" is the surname of some families whose ancestors migrated from
1079:
767:. Vol. 9 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 9–10.
610:
587:
576:
506:
309:
320:
The
Republican Turkish authorities abolished the title circa the 1930s.
1044:
Armies in East Africa 1914-18, Osprey Men-at-Arms, Peter Abbott, 2002,
663:
614:
440:
314:
292:
961:
Langenscheidt's
Universal Dictionary, Turkish-English, English-Turkish
17:
595:
556:
541:
510:
467:
463:
296:
243:
635:
has one composition named "Effendi". It appears on his debut album,
265:
era, the most common title affixed to a personal name after that of
621:
591:
502:
459:
448:
232:
333:
524:) was the highest rank that African soldiers could reach in the
212:
It is a title of respect or courtesy, equivalent to the
English
184:
444:
226:
213:
178:
36:
831:
390:
383:
374:
360:
156:
1115:
A Nation of Empire: The
Ottoman Legacy of Turkish Modernity
1104:
Tang China And The
Collapse Of The Uighur Empire: A History
1021:
The 1964 Army
Mutinies And The Making Of Modern East Africa
617:
also use "Effendi" or a variant "Affandi" as their surname.
540:. An Effendi's authority was confined to other KAR troops (
405:
nobles as late as 1465, such as in the letters of
Cardinal
1095:
Baranovitch, Nimrod. "From the Margins to the Center."
307:, a title carrying "the same significance as the French
949:. Vol. 2. S. Low, Marston, Searle & Rivington.
1165:
Titles in Bosnia and Herzegovina during Ottoman period
547:
Effendi was also a non-European's officer rank in the
369:
355:
194:, especially in the Ottoman Empire and the Caucasus
395:, "master, author, doer, perpetrator" (from which
401:). The word was widely used as a Greek title for
455:dynasty, and was used a lot among the Egyptians.
803:History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey
501:is a way to address officers in the armies of
946:Conversations and Journals in Egypt and Malta
344:
276:
237:
236:. It may also indicate a definite office, as
30:"Efendi" redirects here. For other uses, see
8:
713:Ibn Al-Balad: A Concept of Egyptian Identity
1099:175: 726-750 . Cambridge Univ. Press, 2003.
1110:ReadLiterature.com - Definition of Efendi
458:Effendi is still used as an honorific in
87:Learn how and when to remove this message
106:
98:
50:This article includes a list of general
963:, Langenscheidt KG, Berlin and Leipzig
801:Shaw, Stanford J. and Ezel Kural Shaw.
702:
926:"Bessarion on the imperial hangers-on"
426:
681:Byzantine bureaucracy and aristocracy
171:
134:
7:
1024:. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers.
609:, some members of the former ruling
568:"Efendija" refers to Muslim clerics.
144:
1106:. Brill Academic Publishers, 2004.
624:, "Effendi" (阿凡提) often refers to
439:) country. It was an analogous to
56:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
530:British Colonial Auxiliary Forces
254:(my master) was formerly used by
176:) is a title of nobility meaning
782:Turkish Life in Town and Country
741:
291:that Ottoman Christians, women,
289:Turkish Life in Town and Country
41:
995:Armies in East Africa 1914-1918
943:Nassau, William Senior (1882).
534:Viceroy's Commissioned Officers
666:Turkish is a form of Effendi.
424:Egyptian Arabic pronunciation:
1:
959:Hans-Jürgen Kornrumpf (1979)
579:, "Effendi" can be used as a
1066:s400910952.websitehome.co.uk
1018:Parsons, Timothy H. (2003).
513:with the coming to power of
391:
375:
361:
157:
1082:accessed February 19, 2009.
997:. Men-at-Arms 379. Osprey.
911:Online Etymology Dictionary
890:Online Etymology Dictionary
710:El-Messiri, Sawsan (1997).
409:concerning the children of
1181:
1062:"German Colonial Uniforms"
832:
807:Cambridge University Press
651:, acquired the title from
384:
370:
356:
334:
166:
113:Metropolitan Museum of Art
29:
451:during the period of the
242:, chief physician to the
351:, is a borrowing of the
103:A Turkish Effendi (1862)
848:A Greek–English Lexicon
778:Garnett, Lucy Mary Jane
764:Encyclopædia Britannica
485:The colonial forces of
287:wrote in the 1904 work
71:more precise citations.
32:Efendi (disambiguation)
1145:Titles in North Africa
566:Bosnia and Herzegovina
479:
345:
285:Lucy Mary Jane Garnett
277:
238:
202:which is derived from
131:
116:
104:
1150:Titles in Middle East
993:Abbot, Peter (2002).
839:Liddell, Henry George
670:is nothing but master
662:” used among today's
526:King's African Rifles
299:, and princes of the
216:. It was used in the
110:
102:
817:, 9780521291668. p.
691:Mustafa Sabri Efendi
522:Commissioned Officer
520:Effendi (Governor's
317:' has come to be ".
301:Ottoman royal family
870:Oxford Dictionaries
538:British Indian Army
487:British East Africa
1155:Titles in Pakistan
786:G.P. Putnam's Sons
553:German East Africa
491:German East Africa
173:[aˈfendis]
161:; originally from
117:
105:
1160:Titles in Lebanon
1102:Drompp, Michael.
1050:978-1-84176-489-4
1004:978-1-84176-489-4
969:978-0-88729-167-8
930:Surprised by Time
904:Harper, Douglas.
883:Harper, Douglas.
428:[æˈfændi]
411:Thomas Paleologus
155:
136:[eˈfændi]
97:
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27:Title of nobility
16:(Redirected from
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645:Shoghi Effendi
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437:Middle Eastern
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218:Ottoman Empire
209:meaning lord.
163:Medieval Greek
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653:ʻAbdu'l-Bahá
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453:Muhammad Ali
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340:, in modern
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239:hekim efendi
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55:
981:online here
906:"authentic"
788:, 1904. p.
633:McCoy Tyner
607:Afghanistan
600:Afghanistan
69:introducing
1124:Categories
1090:References
815:0521291666
727:9004056645
658:The word “
581:first name
417:Other uses
248:possessive
77:April 2012
52:references
885:"effendi"
866:"effendi"
638:Inception
626:Nasreddin
573:Indonesia
422:Effendi (
407:Bessarion
403:Byzantine
398:authentic
392:authéntēs
324:Etymology
207:authentēs
152:romanized
833:αὐθέντης
675:See also
615:Durranis
613:clan of
611:Barakzai
588:Pakistan
577:Malaysia
507:Tanzania
472:afandim?
386:αὐθέντης
376:aphéntēs
310:Monsieur
200:aphentēs
851:at the
759:Effendi
752::
664:Uighurs
647:, born
542:askaris
536:in the
480:efendim
476:Turkish
441:esquire
379:, from
371:ἀφέντης
365:, from
362:aféndēs
357:αφέντης
342:Turkish
315:Esquire
305:effendi
293:mullahs
278:rüşdiye
263:Ottoman
261:In the
252:efendim
168:αφέντης
154::
128:Turkish
124:effendy
120:Effendi
65:improve
1048:
1028:
1001:
967:
813:
746:
724:
668:Apándi
660:apándi
596:Turkey
557:kaiser
511:Rwanda
499:afande
468:Turkey
466:, and
464:Jordan
347:efendi
297:sheiks
273:efendi
256:slaves
246:. The
244:sultan
191:master
158:afandi
132:efendi
54:, but
18:Efendi
697:Notes
622:China
592:India
503:Kenya
460:Egypt
449:Egypt
336:افندی
332:word
250:form
233:pasha
146:افندی
1046:ISBN
1026:ISBN
999:ISBN
965:ISBN
811:ISBN
722:ISBN
590:and
575:and
489:and
328:The
271:was
268:agha
220:and
185:lord
819:386
761:".
620:In
605:In
598:or
586:In
571:In
564:In
551:of
515:RPF
447:in
445:bey
435:or
230:or
227:bey
214:Sir
188:or
179:sir
122:or
1126::
1064:.
928:.
908:.
887:.
868:.
845:;
841:;
837:.
784:.
780:.
716:.
517:.
505:,
478::
474:,
462:,
413:.
295:,
182:,
165::
149:,
143::
139:;
130::
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1034:.
1007:.
914:.
893:.
872:.
855:.
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792:.
790:5
730:.
641:.
628:.
602:.
583:.
196:.
126:(
90:)
84:(
79:)
75:(
61:.
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
