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189:. He had been writing poetry since he was young, but initially opted to attend law school; however, when he published his first book of poems, he left it to pursue writing full-time. As a poet, he published regularly from the 1930s to the 1980s, and as a journalist collaborated with over twenty newspapers and journals, under his own name and using pseudonyms. He was also active politically, a communist and
428:. He is part of the Taller generation in Mexico, along with Octavio Paz, Rafael Solana, Salvador Toscano and others, which rejected lyricism subjectively and aesthetically, opting instead to promote an idea of universal solidarity. This generation was also known for its political and poetic militancy. His work continues the
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Huerta's interest in drawing prompted him to move to Mexico City at age 16 and live with family members while he tried to get into the
Academy of San Carlos, but was not accepted. Nonetheless, Huerta would remain in this city for the rest of his life, living in various neighborhoods in the center and
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Several themes are recurrent in Huerta's work. One of these is the concept of dawn (alba), with the idea of faint light bringing clarity. Political and social themes are another, marked both by his militancy and the occurrence of major wars and other conflicts which occurred during his lifetime. Two
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supporter through his life with his social and political ideas finding their way into his writing. Poetically, he is part of the Taller generation of
Mexican poets, although his development was a bit different from others in this group. Near the end of his career, his work had developed a colloquial
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and expanding the format to include short stories, essays, critiques and other article. This revamped magazine ran until 1940. His association with Taller was formative for Huerta and others in part because Paz brought in the work of
Spanish writers as well. However, there was a falling out between
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His years at law school influenced the logic and diction of his work, especially his early work, although over time, Huerta would abandon the formats of his youth entirely. Huerta differed from others in his generation in that instead of moving towards romanticism and symbolism, his poetry evolved
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In 1941, Huerta married his first wife, Mireya Bravo Munguía, who he had known for a decade prior, with
Ocatvio Paz as best man. She appears in his poetry as “Andrea de Plata. The couple had three children Andrea Huerta Bravo (1943), Eugenia Huerta Bravo (1945) and David Huerta Bravo (1949-2022).
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in 1933, but stayed for only two years. At this time, he changed his name to Efraín, at the suggestion of Rafael Solana, with the idea that it sounded better. For a short time he also used the Hebrew version Ephraím. During his time in law school, Huerta had continued to write poetry, and when the
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and forming friendships with Rafael Solana and Carmen
Toscano. Huerta also met Octavio Paz at the institution, who was one year ahead of him. Paz and Huerta formed a close relationship in their youth, sharing social, literary and political interests. However, in later life, these two would become
590:' incarceration for “antisocial activities”, and later were vocal together about the Spanish Civil War. His time in the Communist Party was his most militant, but it was short-lived because in the 1940s, the Party went into crisis, with membership divided into those who supported
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vs. those in support of Stalin. One fallout from this was the expulsion of Efraín Huerta along with a number of other artists and intellectuals. Huerta remained communist and a Stalin loyalist through the rest of his life, despite being aware of the atrocities of the regime.
603:, he traveled to Cuba twice, in 1967 and 1968, in support of the new regime. This also had consequences. He was denied a US visa in 1966 for being a member of a communist sympathizing organization. In 1978 his work was censored in Brazil, and his support for the
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to watch a bullfight or a match involving the
Atlante team. He was an involved father, especially with his two daughters, taking them to the movies, to the Zaplana bookstore, Super Leche (known for its hamburgers and bottles of milk) and El Moro for
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Huerta's political activities included writing poetry and travel. In 1951, he was named the secretary general of the
Consejo Nacional de Partidarios de la Paz. Under this charge he traveled to the Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia and Hungary. After the
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In Huerta's last phase of production, from 1969 to his death, he develops a new format of poetry called poemínimo, short playful verses, where he explored topics with humor, irony and cynicism. These first appear in 1969 in a magazine called
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and hot chocolate, all along San Juan de Letran. However, according to one of these daughters, he was not faithful to their mother. Son David would grow up to also be a poet and critic, but in a style very different from his father’s.
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which would have a profound impact on his life and Mexico in the 20th century. He was the seventh of eight children born to José Mercedes Huerta, a lawyer and judge and Sara Roma, with two of his siblings dying in childhood.
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Huerta's political activities began early, joining the Great
Socialist Party of Central Querétaro in 1929. He then joined the Federation of Revolutionary Students in 1936, where he met José Revueltas, officially joining the
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Interest in Huerta's work waned after his death but has resurged in the 2010s, becoming one of the most-read poets by the generations after him in Mexico. His work has been republished in volumes such as
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In the 1970s, Huerta received a number of awards in Mexico for his life's work including the Xavier
Villarrutia Prize (1975), the National Poetry Prize (1976) and the National Journalism Prize (1978) .
354:(Absolute love), published in 1935, but very few copies remain. This success convinced Huerta to dedicate himself full-time to poetry, politics and journalism. Huerta's first important publication is
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Huerta began his journalism career in 1936, and during the following decades collaborated with over twenty newspapers and journals, with some exceptions, all in Mexico City. He began with
358:(Men of the dawn), published in 1944, and is considered a classic of 20th century Mexican poetry. In this volume his first works using Mexico City as a subject appears. It was followed by
464:(1947). The last important theme is that of Mexico City, especially in his later work. In his verses, the Mexican capital becomes a collective which he aims to portray.
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and World War II respectively. He generally condemned imperialism and capitalism in favor of socialism and supported the Soviet regime, especially with the poems
523:, a poetry magazine from had its first run from 1936 to 1938. Rafael was originally the director but in 1938, Octavio Paz took over, shorting the name to
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570:(Notebooks of the Crocodile), doing the illustrations. They were not published until much later, and when they were, they became popular with children.
282:). Late nights he was a regular customer at Sidralí, a hot dog and cider establishment, a favorite among journalists, and every Sunday was spent at the
440:) and less academic, more colloquial style, an “anti-poem.” His work has been described as “…bringing a loose-jointed exuberance into Mexican poetry.”
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Efraín Huerta died almost ten years later in Mexico City at the age of 67 due to kidney failure after battling a return of cancer. He is buried in
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and
Eastern Europe and his observation of social and political issues. It also contains poems about his new son, David, written while he was in
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618:. According to his daughter Raquel Huerta Nava, it was because it pained him too much and because some of his children were involved.
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tradition of rebellious non-conformity and vitality, but he eliminates Whitman’s base idealism and employs anti-rhetorical lyricism.
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Much of his day-to-day life during this period revolved about the historic center of Mexico City, especially the area around the
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The origin of Huerta’s nickname El Cocodrilismo “The Crocodilism” is in late 1949, during funding drive for a school in
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The 100th anniversary of the poet's birth was celebrated in Mexico in 2014 with tributes at the Mexican Senate, the
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After his death, his library and personal archives were acquired by the government and placed at the home of poet
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Huerta's crocodile stories, initially done verbally, became the inspiration for the creation of a work called the
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Huerta is best known for his poetry, which he began writing as a student. His first publication was a poem called
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to provide public and research access, and in 1988 the Fondo de Cultura Económica published the first edition of
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Paz and Huerta, and Huerta left suddenly for unknown reasons. In 1947, Huerta established the weekly magazine
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270:(which he dedicated to Adela María Salinas) was published in 1935, he left to dedicate himself to writing.
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in 1946, with similar themes, a compilation of poems previously published in magazines such as Taller.
669:(2007, a collection of one hundred pieces by Huerta as poet and journalist between 1936 and 1939) and
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style, including work focusing on Mexico City and creating a new form called a “poemínimo.”
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by the French government for his work as a writer and journalist. In 1956 he received the
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in 1917, where the parents separated, with Huerta moving with his mother and siblings to
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1076:. Vol. 7. Mexico City: Sabeca International Investment Corporation. p. 342.
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Silvia Isabel Gamez (June 15, 2014). "Efraín Huerta: Retrato del padre y el poeta".
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National Preparatory School, National Autonomous University of Mexico (2 years)
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1140:"Con recopilación de 'poemínimos' culmina homenaje nacional a Efraín Huerta"
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in Nicaragua resulted in his ban from the country, under penalty of death.
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Aurora roja (crónicas juveniles en tiempos de Lázaro Cárdenas, 1936-1939)
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921:"Centenario del natalicio de Efraín Huerta, cocodrilo con piel de poeta"
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Huerta married for the second time in 1958 with poet and fellow radical
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1250:"Con poesía rinden tributo a Efraín Huerta en la FIL de Guadalajara".
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404:(1980), an anthology of previously published and unpublished work,
642:(1952), which has since disappeared, with its whereabouts unknown.
142:(1949-2022),Thelma Huerta Nava (1959) and Raquel Huerta Nava (1963)
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1235:"FCE cierra homenaje a Efraín Huerta en el Festival Cervantino".
1044:(6 ed.). Mexico City: Editorial Porrúa. 1995. p. 1739.
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In 1970, he was president of the Cinema Journalists of Mexico.
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towards the use of analogy, colloquial realism (influence from
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Twentieth-Century Latin American Poetry: A Bilingual Anthology
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Diccionario Porrúa: Historia, biografía, y geografía de México
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cultural magazine, of the Mexican-Russian Exchange Institute.
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Ordre des Palmes académiques, National Poetry Prize (Mexico)
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In 1950 he published a small volume with six poems called
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424:, the Generation of ’27, the Contemporáneos and those by
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and Querétaro, along with small towns, often looking for
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Andrea Huerta Bravo (1943), Eugenia Huerta Bravo (1945),
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One event about which he was relatively silent was the
165:(June 18, 1914 – February 3, 1982) was a Mexican
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Efraín Huerta en la página de la Red Escolar de México
1116:. University of Texas, El Paso: Revista Iberoamericana
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and the main street called San Juan de Letrán (today
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1207:. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press. p.
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586:in 1936. In 1934, Huerta and Paz fought against
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1142:. Mexico City: Proceso magazine. Archived from
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1138:Judith Amador Tello (December 10, 2014).
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671:El Gran Cocodrilo en treinta poemínimos
919:Juan Carlos Talavera (June 18, 2014).
612:student uprising in Tlatelolco in 1968
1114:"Efraín Huerta en la poesía mexicana"
261:Huerta entered the law school of the
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1173:"Centenario Efraín Huerta 1914-2014"
1072:Alvarez, José Rogelio, ed. (2001).
1112:Ricardo Aguilar-Melantzon (1990).
827:Guillermo Sheridan (March 2007).
640:Pesadilla de guerra y sueño de paz
555:In 1951 he became director of the
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1324:20th-century Mexican male writers
678:Festival Internacional Cervantino
389:. In the same year, he published
230:team, never missing a home game.
130:Mireya Bravo Munguía, Thelma Nava
1254:. Mexico City. December 3, 2014.
737:Estrella en alto y nuevos poemas
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1239:. Mexico City. October 7, 2014.
1199:Tapscott, Stephen, ed. (1996).
829:"Las crónicas de Efraín Huerta"
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1299:People from Silao, Guanajuato
1274:Efraín Huerta: Selected Poems
831:. Mexico City: Letras Libres
755:Elegía de la policía montada
713:Poemas de guerra y esperanza
628:Ordre des Palmes académiques
446:Poemas de guerra y esperanza
785:Los eróticos y otros poemas
779:Poemas prohibidos y de amor
538:Revista Mexicana de Cultura
478:Poemas prohibidos y de amor
398:Poemas prohibidos y de amor
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564:Manifesto of the Crocodile
276:Monument to the Revolution
893:. Mexico City. p. 8.
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534:Close up de nuestro cine
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396:His later works include
377:. In 1956, he published
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803:Estampida de Poemínimos
791:Estampida de poemínimos
584:Mexican Communist Party
568:Cuadernos del Cocodrilo
488:(1977), culminating in
452:(1944), related to the
406:Estampida de poemínimos
316:San Felipe Torresmochas
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1074:Enciclopedia de México
653:and in the library of
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284:Ciudad de los Deportes
255:Agustín Loera y Chávez
749:¡Mi país, oh mi país!
373:(1953), named after t
350:. His first book was
175:Academy of San Carlos
707:Los hombres del alba
577:Political activities
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474:La Cultura en México
450:Los hombres del alba
356:Los hombres del alba
214:The family moved to
1175:. Mexico: CONACULTa
651:Ramón López Velarde
438:José Emilio Pacheco
379:Los poemas de viaje
82:poet and journalist
1289:Mexican male poets
632:Stalin Peace Prize
616:Gustavo Díaz Ordaz
458:Stalingrado en pie
422:Juan Ramón Jiménez
309:Mexican handcrafts
208:Mexican Revolution
140:David Huerta Bravo
743:Para gozar tu paz
719:La rosa primitiva
486:Circuito interior
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367:La rosa primitiva
348:Tarde provinciana
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187:Octavio Paz
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66:Mexico City
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87:Language
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127:Spouses
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90:Spanish
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525:Taller
333:Poetry
320:larynx
191:Stalin
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266:book
204:Silao
1213:ISBN
1181:2015
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548:and
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