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The astronomy department moved to the science campus north-west of the city centre in 1974. Although professional astronomical observations are no longer carried out from Leiden itself, the department still calls itself Leiden
Observatory. In much of astronomy, the data came from elsewhere and could
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More new buildings were constructed before the end of the 19th century including the
Western tower in 1878, one to the East in 1898, and another small building to house a gas engine in the same year (used for electricity until the observatory was connected to the city grid). In 1896 the observatory
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was appointed lecturer of astronomy and director of the observatory in 1837, and again renovated the observatory, providing the towers with rotatable roofs with full shutters, and reinforcing the north-western tower. Kaiser also acquired a number of new instruments and telescopes with which he made
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The old
Observatory building facilities (from 1860s) was restored in the 2010s. While not longer the base for the modern Leiden Observatory academically, it does have the astronomical historical items at the facility. Also, a solar telescope was crowd funded to provide live optically transmitted
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By 1860 the new observatory building was completed. The new building was constructed in a quiet side of the city inside the university's botanical gardens. It consisted of a number of offices, living quarters for astronomers, and a number of observing domes containing telescopes. In 1873 two new
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The observatory was initially located on the university building in the centre of Leiden before a new observatory building and dome were constructed in the university's botanical garden in 1860. It remained there until 1974 when the department moved to the science campus north-west of the city.
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which he purchased, and the rebuilding of the old turret. Both turrets had rotating roofs. Upon retiring in 1705, de Volder handed over a catalogue of instruments which showed that the observatory owned two other quadrants, a 12-inch telescope, two
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Einstein's Chair is an astronomical observing chair at the Leiden
Observatory. This chair, made in 1861, is the only piece of furniture in the observatory that dates from that time. The chair gets its name from the fact that it was used by
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488:. The chair can be found in the largest dome of the observatory, the so-called 10-inch dome (named after the 10-inch telescope that is placed inside). The chair is still used by observers and a popular attraction at the observatory.
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rooms were added to the building in order to house the tools required to verify nautical instruments; tools used to test compasses, sextants and other instruments. Two of the domes were rebuilt, one in 1875 and the other in 1889.
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be analyzed and studied on the campus; for example in modern times the instruments may even be located in space, with data transmitted back to Earth and then studied on a computer display. (An example of this was the
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on several occasions during his visits to the observatory. Einstein was a frequent visitor of the building during his professorship at Leiden university due to his good friendship with the director,
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became professor of mathematics at the university and thus took over responsibility for the observatory. During his tenure, the observatory was enlarged, including a second turret to house a brass
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As a result of the increased interest in astronomy brought about due to Kaiser's popular writings and teachings, a commission was founded in 1853 to fund a new observatory. From 1859 to 1909 the
323:. Though Golius used the observatory regularly, no publications came from its use by him. It is not known whether Golius had any instrumentation other than Snellius' quadrant at the observatory.
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became its director in 1793 for a year until he died in 1794. For a number of years the curators attempted to find a suitable astronomer to look after the observatory, eventually employing
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was appointed director. During his time at the observatory, Gravesande purchased a number of new instruments including new telescopes and tools, before his death in 1742.
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The second building to house the Leiden
Observatory (built in 1860). This building now houses part of the law faculty. Two of the optical
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The old
Observatory building of this period was restored from 2008 to 2012, and in the 2010s houses a visitor center and also has tours.
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The
Huygens Laboratory (left) and J.H. Oort Building (right) which currently house Leiden Observatory on the 4th, 5th and 11th floors.
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366:(in 1761). In November 1768 when Lulofs died, Dionysius van de Wijnpersse took over responsibility for the observatory until
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established the observatory in 1633; astronomy had been on the curriculum for a long time, and due to possession of a large
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Ten-inch
Repsold Refractor ( 26.6 cm/10.5 inch Alvin and Clark objective lens on Repsold und Söhne, since 1885)
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requested an observatory in which to use it. The observatory was one of the first purpose-built observatories in
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The 17th century (1600s), Quadrant instrument of
Professor Willem Snel van Royen, displayed in a modern exhibit.
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Zes-Duims Merz
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purchased their first photographic telescope, with a dome being built to house it between then and 1898.
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Leiden Observatory Papers Archives of the Leiden Observatory and its successive directors, 1829-1992
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The archives of the Leiden Observatory and its successive directors, 1829-1992 are held at
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On 21 October 2015, Einstein's Chair got a short segment on the Dutch astronomy program
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Pietrow, Alexander G.M. (2019). "Investigations into the origin of Einstein's Sink".
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was set according to the local civil time at the observatory; communicated using the
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images of the Sun to the Visitor center, which is also known to have offered tours.
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Over de grens: internationale contacten aan Nederlandse universiteiten sedert 1876
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1159:"Old Observatory Leiden - 2019 All You Need to Know BEFORE You Go (with Photos)"
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The second building to house the Leiden Observatory, during restoration (2010).
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to allow researchers use of both facilities. The first visitor from Leiden was
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Drawing of Leiden Observatory in 1670, seen on top of the university building.
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in 1708. Between then and 1717 the observatory went without a director until
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Gravesande's successor was Johan Lulofs who used the observatory to observe
1447:"Dutch honour for retired Irish-born astronomer who ran Leiden Observatory"
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Zunderman Reflector (46 cm diameter mirror (~18.1 inches), since 1947)
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Einstein is noted for his visits to Leiden Observatory during World War I.
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Notable astronomers that have worked or directed the observatory include
1429:"Leiden Observatory Archives, E.F. van de Sande Bakhuyzen Archive (EB)"
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Panoramic view of Leiden from the Observatory. Glass negative, ca. 1900
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Short History of the Observatory of the University at Leiden 1633–1933
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From attics to domes: Four centuries of history of Leiden Observatory
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Telescopes from Leiden Observatory and other collections. 1656 - 1859
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Royal Netherlands Institute of Southeast Asian and Caribbean Studies
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Timeline of telescopes, observatories, and observing technology
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In 1817 the observatory towers were pulled down and rebuilt.
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Delft, Dirk van (2007-01-12). "Albert Einstein in Leiden".
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Leiden Observatory in 1861 from the north-west direction.
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In 1923 the observatory formed a research agreement with
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List of largest optical telescopes in the 19th century
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The archive of the Leiden Observatory is available at
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and digitally accessible through Digital Collections
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observations including that of comets, planets, and
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1479:"ERC Advanced Grant for astronomer Huub Röttgering"
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1034:English Students at Leiden University, 1575–1650
568:Observatory and Hortus botanicus, ca. 1920–1940
251:. Established in 1633 to house the quadrant of
1302:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of August 2024 (
495:. During this segment the science populariser
1868:Astronomical observatories in the Netherlands
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1893:Science and technology in the Dutch Republic
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1693:The Netherlands Institute for the Near East
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936:A to Z of Scientists in Space and Astronomy
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1393:Leen Dorsman, Peter Jan Knegtmans (2009).
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1208:"Historical Telescopes in the Netherlands"
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892:Photographic Double Refractor (since 1897)
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1888:1633 establishments in the Dutch Republic
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1557:History of Leiden Observatory (in Dutch)
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933:Deborah Todd, Joseph A. Angelo (2009).
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440:. The collaboration lasted until 1972.
436:. In 1954 the telescopes were moved to
1295:
1071:"J.C. Kapteyn: His life and his works"
1069:Henriette Hertzsprung-Kapteyn (1928).
1575:The current observatory on GoogleMaps
467:Einstein's Chair in the Ten-inch dome
7:
1878:Astronomy institutes and departments
1838:
1678:Leiden University College The Hague
1668:Institute of Environmental Sciences
1399:. Uitgeverij Verloren. p. 55.
1012:. Joh. Enschede en Zonen, Haarlem.
27:Established 1633 in the Netherlands
1883:Buildings and structures in Leiden
1481:. 20 December 2012. Archived from
454:Astronomical Netherlands Satellite
243:) is an astronomical institute of
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1741:Parlementair Documentatie Centrum
1570:The old observatory on GoogleMaps
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1824:
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1683:Leiden University Medical Center
1642:List of Leiden University people
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1445:Cluskey, Peter (30 March 2012).
1362:Dictionary of Minor Planet Names
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1898:Astronomy in the Dutch Republic
1365:. Springer. pp. 129–130.
744:Jan Frederik van Beeck Calkoen
416:domes can be seen on the roof.
372:Jan Frederik van Beeck Calkoen
197:Location of Leiden Observatory
1:
1228:‘’Leiden Observatory Papers’’
793:E. F. van de Sande Bakhuyzen
694:Lotharius Zumbach de Coesfeld
527:and are digitally available.
1811:Japan Prizewinners Programme
1244:Heel Nederland Kijkt Sterren
1076:. p. 46. Archived from
784:H. G. van de Sande Bakhuyzen
493:Heel Nederland Kijkt Sterren
1806:Himalayan Languages Project
1565:Leiden University Libraries
1552:Leiden Observatory web site
724:Dionysius van de Wijnpersse
525:Leiden University Libraries
374:in 1799, who left in 1805.
1914:
1230:, in Digital Collections (
1127:The Legacy of J.C. Kapteyn
503:talked about its origins.
499:and the science historian
156:/oudesterrewacht,%20https:
1819:
1736:Leiden University Library
1232:Leiden University Library
1187:www.universiteitleiden.nl
1130:. Springer. p. 125.
1031:Prögler, Daniela (2014).
461:Leiden University Library
219:
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1651:Faculties and institutes
592:2013, after restoration.
214:Related media on Commons
1777:Leiden Jerusalem Talmud
1719:Leiden Bio Science Park
1714:Hortus Botanicus Leiden
1359:Schmadel, Lutz (2012).
1120:Piet C. van der Kruit,
878:The Zunderman reflector
704:Willem Jacob Gravesande
362:(in 1743 and 1753) and
1784:Psalter of Saint Louis
1658:African Studies Centre
1292:(inactive 2024-08-05).
1289:10.18352/studium.10183
1246:on a Dutch VOD website
879:
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1757:Homunculus loxodontus
1467:– via HighBeam.
1434:. Leiden Observatory.
1427:David Baneke (2010).
1008:W. de Sitter (1933).
877:
474:
456:, launched in 1974.)
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73:Observatory code
18:Einstein's Chair
1709:Bibliotheca Thysiana
1103:"Leiden Observatory"
684:Burchardus de Volder
631:adding missing items
345:Willem 's Gravesande
328:Burchardus de Volder
129:52.15486°N 4.48389°E
1801:Crayenborgh College
1280:2019Studi..11E...1P
1107:www.assa.saao.ac.za
1018:1933shou.book.....D
941:Infobase Publishing
257:Vatican Observatory
253:Willebrord Snellius
160:.universiteitleiden
152:.universiteitleiden
125: /
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1724:Leiden Observatory
1206:van Gent, Robert.
1039:Ashgate Publishing
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764:Pieter Uijlenbroek
629:; you can help by
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241:Sterrewacht Leiden
233:Leiden Observatory
34:Leiden Observatory
1873:Leiden University
1855:
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1673:Leiden Law School
1612:Leiden University
1331:10.1063/1.2207039
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812:Ejnar Hertzsprung
674:Christiaan Melder
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434:Ejnar Hertzsprung
430:Union Observatory
305:Leiden University
269:Ejnar Hertzsprung
245:Leiden University
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134:52.15486; 4.48389
55:Leiden University
16:(Redirected from
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1663:Campus The Hague
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265:Willem de Sitter
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1763:Leiden Aratea
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1541:Rijksmonument
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1319:Physics Today
1313:
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1199:
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1139:
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1129:
1128:
1123:
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1104:
1098:
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1079:
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1019:
1015:
1011:
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1002:
1000:
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992:
990:
988:
986:
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980:
978:
976:
974:
972:
970:
968:
964:
952:
946:
942:
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937:
929:
926:
919:
915:
912:
910:
907:
906:
902:
897:
894:
891:
888:
885:
884:
883:
876:
869:
863:
862:Ignas Snellen
860:
858:2022–Present
857:
856:
853:
850:
847:
846:
843:
840:
837:
836:
833:
830:
827:
826:
823:
820:
817:
816:
813:
810:
807:
806:
803:
800:
797:
796:
792:
789:
788:
785:
782:
779:
778:
775:
772:
769:
768:
765:
762:
759:
758:
755:
752:
749:
748:
745:
742:
739:
738:
735:
732:
729:
728:
725:
722:
719:
718:
715:
712:
709:
708:
705:
702:
699:
698:
695:
692:
689:
688:
685:
682:
679:
678:
675:
672:
669:
668:
665:
662:
659:
658:
654:
651:
650:
641:
632:
628:
625:This list is
623:
616:
615:
609:
600:
595:
588:
583:
576:
571:
564:
559:
552:
547:
540:
535:
530:
528:
526:
518:
516:
509:
507:
504:
502:
498:
494:
489:
487:
483:
473:
464:
462:
457:
455:
447:1974- Present
446:
444:
441:
439:
438:Hartbeespoort
435:
431:
426:
422:
415:
410:
403:
401:
399:
395:
392:
387:
385:
380:
375:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
348:
346:
342:
338:
333:
329:
324:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
298:
290:
283:
278:
276:
274:
270:
266:
260:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
224:
218:
215:
211:
205:
183:
174:
170:
165:
147:
143:
138:
110:
108:
104:
101:
97:
94:
90:
85:
79:
76:
74:
70:
62:
56:
53:
52:
50:
46:
42:
37:
19:
1842:
1828:
1782:
1775:
1768:
1761:
1723:
1635:predecessors
1626:
1497:"Telescopes"
1491:
1483:the original
1473:
1461:. Retrieved
1457:the original
1450:
1440:
1422:
1410:. Retrieved
1395:
1388:
1376:. Retrieved
1361:
1325:(4): 57–62.
1322:
1318:
1312:
1298:cite journal
1261:
1257:
1251:
1239:
1223:
1211:. Retrieved
1201:
1190:. Retrieved
1186:
1177:
1166:. Retrieved
1162:
1153:
1141:. Retrieved
1126:
1115:
1106:
1097:
1085:. Retrieved
1078:the original
1064:
1052:. Retrieved
1033:
1026:
1009:
954:. Retrieved
935:
928:
881:
842:Tim de Zeeuw
714:Johan Lulofs
635:
522:
513:
505:
501:David Baneke
492:
490:
478:
458:
450:
442:
427:
423:
419:
388:
384:binary stars
376:
354:in 1759 and
349:
325:
303:
261:
232:
231:
48:Organization
1750:Collections
1630:Hester Bijl
1163:TripAdvisor
870:Instruments
638:August 2014
510:Restoration
398:telegraphic
391:Netherlands
249:Netherlands
132: /
107:Coordinates
100:Netherlands
30:Observatory
1862:Categories
1702:Affiliates
1271:1905.09022
1192:2019-10-24
1168:2019-10-24
1137:1402003749
920:References
882:Examples:
848:2012–2022
838:2004–2012
828:1996–2003
818:1945–1970
808:1934–1945
798:1918–1934
790:1908–1918
780:1872–1908
770:1837–1872
760:1826–1837
750:1811–1826
740:1799–1805
730:1793–1794
720:1768–1793
710:1742–1768
700:1717–1742
690:1705–1708
680:1682–1705
670:1668–1681
660:1633–1667
627:incomplete
394:civil time
337:objectives
117:52°09′17″N
1339:0031-9228
1183:"History"
898:Heliostat
655:Director
610:Directors
414:telescope
404:1860–1974
400:network.
311:built by
284:1633–1860
247:, in the
120:4°29′02″E
1831:Category
1124:(2001).
903:See also
822:Jan Oort
326:In 1682
309:quadrant
273:Jan Oort
92:Location
1845:Commons
1794:Related
1276:Bibcode
1258:Studium
1213:10 June
1087:17 June
1014:Bibcode
531:Gallery
519:Archive
360:Mercury
332:sextant
279:History
145:Website
1627:Rector
1620:People
1539:Dutch
1516:(.pdf)
1463:4 June
1412:4 June
1403:
1378:4 June
1369:
1337:
1143:4 June
1134:
1054:4 June
1045:
956:4 June
947:
341:Kassel
321:Europe
207:
96:Leiden
80:
57:
1544:24978
1432:(PDF)
1266:arXiv
1081:(PDF)
1074:(PDF)
652:Term
364:Venus
237:Dutch
221:[
158://www
1465:2014
1414:2014
1401:ISBN
1380:2014
1367:ISBN
1335:ISSN
1304:link
1215:2014
1145:2014
1132:ISBN
1089:2014
1056:2014
1043:ISBN
958:2014
945:ISBN
271:and
1327:doi
1284:doi
633:.
358:of
162:.nl
154:.nl
150:www
78:013
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1347:^
1333:.
1323:59
1321:.
1300:}}
1296:{{
1282:.
1274:.
1262:11
1260:.
1185:.
1161:.
1105:.
1041:.
1037:.
966:^
939:.
386:.
315:,
275:.
267:,
259:.
239::
98:,
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1633:(
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1329::
1306:)
1286::
1278::
1268::
1234:)
1217:.
1195:.
1171:.
1147:.
1109:.
1091:.
1058:.
1020:.
1016::
960:.
640:)
636:(
235:(
225:]
20:)
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