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759:. Alternatively, the traveler may choose a longer route that more closely follows the original route. This route crosses the Tinajas Altas Mountains and continues in a northwest direction, passing west of Raven Butte and Cipriano Pass. It then follows the western border of the Gila Mountains, passing by the abandoned Fortuna Mine, before finally reaching the small community of
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may hold up to 20,000 U.S. gallons (76,000 L), but due to the lack of rainfall and arid atmosphere, one or more are frequently empty. In the days before motor vehicle transport, some travelers perished after finding one or more pools dry. During the 1891–1896 U.S. Boundary Survey expedition, the
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Many of these migrants, not used to travel in the desert, would die from thirst and heat exhaustion en route. As a later traveler noted, "frequent graves and bleaching skulls of animals are painful reminders of unfortunate travelers who died from thirst on the road." The most difficult stretch of the
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and transient visitors continued to visit the area, El Camino del Diablo never regained its status as a major migration route. Occasionally the route was used by cartographers and boundary survey parties, who documented numerous remains of both humans and domesticated animals.
511:, Commander Juan Matheo Mange, and Father Adamo Gilig, who – along with attendants and Native American guides who knew the location of vital water sources needed along the route – first made the crossing in February 1699. The trail offered a shorter route than sailing around
582:. In summer, temperatures here soar to 120 °F (50 °C), and people require 2 US gallons (8 litres) of water a day just to survive. Most of the graves line the last 30 miles (50 km) of the trail to Yuma; by one count, there are 65 graves near Tinajas Altas.
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surveying party related the story of three dead prospectors found just above the empty first tank. The men's fingers were worn raw from climbing the rock to the second tank, which held water, and it was apparent the men had died just yards from their salvation.
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The trail follows the Mexico–United States border very closely for most of its length. To transit the entire trail, a permit is required from the Cabeza Prieta
National Wildlife Refuge office in Ajo.
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managed to rescue captured
Spanish survivors of the uprising in December of that year, El Camino del Diablo largely fell into disuse until 1848–1849, when the
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El Camino del Diablo is believed to follow Native
American footpaths dating to thousands of years ago. In 1540, accompanied by native guides, Captain
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vehicles carrying extra water and emergency equipment. No emergency or tow services are available, and visitors use the trail at their own risk.
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tribe at Yuma
Crossing on the Colorado River prevented travelers from reaching the Californias via the trail. Although Lieutenant Colonel
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Between 400 and 2,000 people died of thirst along the trail, making the Camino the deadliest immigrant trail in North
America.
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as it passes through the Pinta Sand Dunes and then the
Pinacate Volcanic Field. From there, the road passes through the
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338:, is a historic 250-mile (400 km) road that passes through some of the most remote and inhospitable terrain of the
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645:) perched one above the other on a steep granite slope, that are replenished solely by rainwater. When full, these
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Broyles, Bill; Hartmann, Gayle
Harrison; Sheridan, Thomas E.; Nabhan, Gary Paul; Thurtle, Mary Charlotte (2011).
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739:. At Tinajas Altas, the road forks, and the traveler can take a shorter route which heads north through the
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365:, explorers, missionaries, settlers, miners, and cartographers. Use of the trail declined sharply after the
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In use for thousands of years, El Camino del Diablo began as a series of footpaths used by desert-dwelling
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566:. An estimated 400 – 2000 travelers have lost their lives on the trail, primarily from
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1128:. Ajo, Arizona: United States Fish and Wildlife Service, United States Department of the Interior
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542:, especially from Sonora to the goldfields of California. Afterward, the trail was used by both
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455:. From there, the route continued to the northwest, following the western border of the
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1908 map of the
Arizona/Mexico border, 1908, through which the Camino del Diablo passes
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to reach Papago Well. From there, the road passes Camp Grip, then runs south of the
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In recognition of its historic significance, El Camino del Diablo was listed on the
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In recognition of its historic significance, El Camino del Diablo was listed on the
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University and college buildings listed on the
National Register of Historic Places
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Sykes, Godfrey (1927). "The Camino Del Diablo: With Notes on a
Journey in 1925".
923:. Washington, DC: National Park Service, United States Department of the Interior
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605:, established in 1939 to protect desert wildlife. With the exception of one
503:. The next Europeans known to have transited the route were in the party of
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361:. From the 16th to the 19th centuries, the road was used extensively by
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1061:"Desert Duty: On the Line With the U.S. Border Patrol – Texas Monthly"
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Cabeza Prieta National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan
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List of jails and prisons on the National Register of Historic Places
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National Register of Historic Places listings in Yuma County, Arizona
792:
National Register of Historic Places listings in Pima County, Arizona
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354:. The name refers to the harsh, unforgiving conditions on the trail.
550:. A second wave of Sonoran miners used the trail in the 1860s, when
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839:
Broyles, Bill; Hartmann, Gayle Harrison; Sheridan, Thomas (2014).
692:, which roughly parallels the border for 120 miles (190 km).
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515:, while avoiding most of the more hostile Native American tribes.
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NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM
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889:. New York, New York: Smithmark Publishers, Inc. p. 51.
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teams, mapping and cataloging the land purchased in the 1853
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National Register of Historic Places in Yuma County, Arizona
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Roads on the National Register of Historic Places in Arizona
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The current route begins 21 miles (34 km) southwest of
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The southern terminus of the original route was located in
1156:(Reprinted ed.). Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
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It has earned its name as the most deadly immigrant trail
629:, near Wellton, Arizona. At spur road to Tinajas Altas.
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in 1978. It can still be transited by visitors to the
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History of the National Register of Historic Places
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1075:"Camp Grip: The U.S. Border Patrol's Isolated Base"
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57:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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558:trail was the 130-mile (210 km) stretch from
1321:List of U.S. National Historic Landmarks by state
526:of the 1770s. However, the 1781 uprising of the
467:. From Yuma Crossing, travelers could cross the
1713:National Register of Historic Places portal
1124:Cabeza Prieta National Wildlife Refuge (2013).
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639:("high tanks") features nine cup-like pools (
318:, meaning "The Devil's Path"), also known as
8:
585:Use of the trail declined sharply after the
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1015:. Bureau of Land Management. Archived from
784:National Register of Historic Places portal
665:helicopter along El Camino del Diablo, 2004
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1261:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
1009:"El Camino del Diablo Back Country Byway"
979:"The Perils and Wonders of a True Desert"
910:
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554:was discovered along the Colorado River.
544:United States and Mexican Boundary Survey
518:The route was used by the expeditions to
415:. From Caborca, the route passed through
148:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
117:Learn how and when to remove this message
482:
411:, in what is today the Mexican state of
1203:El Camino del Diablo Back Country Byway
845:. Univ. of Arizona Press. p. 140.
807:
669:Today, the Camino del Diablo remains a
380:in 1978. It has also been designated a
1779:Transportation in Pima County, Arizona
1774:Transportation in Yuma County, Arizona
1049:Cabeza Prieta National Wildlife Refuge
816:"National Register Information System"
705:Cabeza Prieta National Wildlife Refuge
603:Cabeza Prieta National Wildlife Refuge
423:, then through the lava fields of the
402:Cabeza Prieta National Wildlife Refuge
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711:, following the northern edge of the
707:. From there, it continues west past
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821:National Register of Historic Places
599:National Register of Historic Places
378:National Register of Historic Places
55:adding citations to reliable sources
887:The History of the Southern Pacific
701:Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument
1676:National Historic Preservation Act
1013:Autotouring & Pleasure Driving
741:Barry M. Goldwater Air Force Range
627:Barry M. Goldwater Air Force Range
499:through this vicinity en route to
439:, the route ran past the rain-fed
167:Barry M. Goldwater Air Force Range
25:
1189:Last Water on the Devil's Highway
1168:The Devil's Highway: A True Story
842:Last Water on the Devil's Highway
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1749:History of Yuma County, Arizona
538:brought many new migrants from
42:needs additional citations for
1629:Federated States of Micronesia
1275:Architectural style categories
1191:. University of Arizona Press.
735:, before finally reaching the
473:Spanish colonies of California
435:. After passing just south of
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1:
1212:Trail guide and photo gallery
224:Show map of the United States
1154:Campfires on Desert and Lava
625:El Camino del Diablo in the
589:reached Yuma in 1870. While
459:before finally reaching the
165:El Camino del Diablo in the
129:United States historic place
1764:Mexico–United States border
686:Mexico–United States border
633:The historic campground at
607:United States Border Patrol
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1681:Historic Preservation Fund
1660:American Legation, Morocco
1172:. Boston: Back Bay Books.
761:Fortuna Foothills, Arizona
747:, before finally reaching
699:, at the boundary between
654:El Camino del Diablo today
1701:
1622:Lists by associated state
1207:Bureau of Land Management
915:Wilson, Marjorie (1978).
690:Mexican Federal Highway 2
587:Southern Pacific Railroad
562:, Mexico, to what is now
386:Bureau of Land Management
367:Southern Pacific Railroad
289:NRHP reference
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1603:Northern Mariana Islands
495:led a detachment of the
400:El Camino del Diablo in
995:2027/iau.31858055203552
977:Gaillard, D.D. (1896).
737:Tinajas Altas Mountains
449:Tinajas Altas Mountains
1759:Gran Desierto de Altar
1598:Minor Outlying Islands
1581:Lists by insular areas
1295:Keeper of the Register
917:"El Camino del Diablo"
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509:Eusebio Francisco Kino
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265:32.07222°N 113.38667°W
66:"El Camino del Diablo"
1300:National Park Service
1280:Contributing property
983:Cosmopolitan Magazine
871:. 2007. p. 193.
826:National Park Service
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524:Juan Bautista de Anza
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1655:District of Columbia
1224:El Camino del Diablo
1150:Hornaday, William T.
1045:El Camino del Diablo
885:Yenne, Bill (1996).
713:Agua Dulce Mountains
536:California Gold Rush
479:History of the trail
447:before crossing the
421:Quitobaquito Springs
320:El Camino del Muerto
312:El Camino del Diablo
270:32.07222; -113.38667
140:El Camino del Diablo
51:improve this article
18:El Camino Del Diablo
944:Geographical Review
497:Coronado Expedition
451:through the nearby
427:, then through the
261: /
199:Show map of Arizona
1217:2009-09-04 at the
1063:. 21 January 2013.
729:Lechuguilla Desert
709:San Cristobal Wash
667:
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453:Tinajas Altas Pass
405:
382:Back Country Byway
332:Yuma-Caborca Trail
328:Sonoyta-Yuma Trail
238:Lukeville, Arizona
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1285:Historic district
852:978-0-8165-9887-8
828:. March 13, 2009.
733:Tordillo Mountain
437:Tordillo Mountain
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548:Gadsden Purchase
359:Native Americans
305:December 1, 1978
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62:Find sources:
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40:This article
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1527:South Dakota
1517:Rhode Island
1512:Pennsylvania
1492:North Dakota
1188:
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1153:
1130:. Retrieved
1126:"Plan Ahead"
1119:
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1099:. Retrieved
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1021:. Retrieved
1017:the original
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950:(1): 62–74.
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925:. Retrieved
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749:Interstate 8
717:Sierra Pinta
697:Ajo, Arizona
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580:hyperthermia
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493:Melchor Díaz
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324:Sonora Trail
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234:Nearest city
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61:
49:Please help
44:verification
41:
1648:Other areas
1608:Puerto Rico
1442:Mississippi
1357:Connecticut
1162:Urrea, Luís
1096:www.cbp.gov
721:Tule Desert
591:prospectors
572:heat stroke
568:dehydration
552:placer gold
532:Pedro Fages
429:Tule Desert
348:Yuma County
344:Pima County
268: /
256:113°23′12″W
244:Coordinates
1738:Categories
1557:Washington
1477:New Mexico
1472:New Jersey
1347:California
1132:2014-12-28
1101:2023-06-25
1023:2016-05-28
989:(6): 602.
803:References
753:Gila River
77:newspapers
1567:Wisconsin
1532:Tennessee
1437:Minnesota
1412:Louisiana
1152:(1985) .
679:clearance
677:and high-
671:dirt road
611:Camp Grip
609:station (
373:in 1877.
253:32°4′20″N
107:July 2012
1723:Category
1552:Virginia
1502:Oklahoma
1482:New York
1457:Nebraska
1447:Missouri
1432:Michigan
1422:Maryland
1407:Kentucky
1387:Illinois
1362:Delaware
1352:Colorado
1342:Arkansas
1215:Archived
1164:(2005).
927:23 March
770:See also
751:and the
431:and the
369:reached
296:78000560
1669:Related
1572:Wyoming
1547:Vermont
1452:Montana
1392:Indiana
1372:Georgia
1367:Florida
1337:Arizona
1327:Alabama
1205:at the
647:tinajas
642:tinajas
576:sunburn
560:Sonoyta
528:Quechan
507:priest
443:of the
441:tinajas
419:, then
417:Sonoyta
409:Caborca
384:by the
352:Arizona
316:Spanish
169:, near
91:scholar
1507:Oregon
1462:Nevada
1402:Kansas
1377:Hawaii
1332:Alaska
1268:Topics
1176:
964:208133
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574:, and
540:Mexico
505:Jesuit
413:Sonora
334:, and
93:
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64:
1639:Palau
1537:Texas
1417:Maine
1382:Idaho
1092:(PDF)
960:JSTOR
281:Built
98:JSTOR
84:books
1593:Guam
1542:Utah
1497:Ohio
1397:Iowa
1174:ISBN
929:2021
891:ISBN
847:ISBN
723:and
703:and
371:Yuma
346:and
284:1699
70:news
1047:at
991:hdl
952:doi
755:at
522:of
463:at
342:in
291:No.
53:by
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