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institution. The catalogue concluded with a note that "improvements which may hereafter take place in this institution, and the additions which may be made to the collection of plants, will in future be regularly published, as an annual report to the
Legislature, and the Regents of the University." Hosack continued to pay the garden's expenses until May 1811, when it was placed under the management of the
351:, in return for approximately $ 3.5 million annual rent until 1952, followed by options for three 21-year renewals. Rockefeller subsequently acquired additional lots from Columbia, as well as surrounding properties. The original property was still owned by Columbia until 1985, when it was sold for $ 400 million.
335:
The property became known as
Columbia's "Upper Estate," and by 1879, twelve acres had been fully developed for residential use, with 298 rowhouses in a then-stylish neighborhood. By the mid-1920s, however, it had deteriorated into "an unseemly collection of boarding houses, nightclubs and speakeasies
217:
The entire property "was intended by
Professor Hosack for a botanical garden, the prime object of which was to be the collection and cultivation of native plants of this country, especially such as possess medicinal properties or are otherwise useful." At his own expense, Hosack landscaped the garden
259:
Hosack's funds were insufficient to support such a project indefinitely, and it was suggested that he was so preoccupied with his endeavors in the creation of a new medical school that he had neither time nor money to continue the garden. In 1808, Hosack was compelled to offer the property for sale,
490:
Hosack ... was
Professor of Botany and Materia Medica in Columbia College, but is best known as the founder of the first public botanic garden in the United States in 1801. He died under tragic circumstances—of shock at the disastrous conflagration in New York city which swept away his property to
276:
catalogue, a frontispiece identified Elgin as "the
Botanic Garden of the State of New-York". In a preface dated March 1811, Hosack wrote that Elgin had "been purchased by the State for the benefit of the Medical Schools of New-York", and projected his expectation that it would remain a permanent
319:
Beginning in March 1817, the property was leased to a series of individual tenants paying little or no rent, in return for obligations to maintain the grounds, while repeated applications from Hosack for a lease (in 1819, 1825, and 1828) were denied. By 1823, the property had sunk "into utter
255:
feet (0.76 m) thick. Within the walls, a spacious greenhouse flanked by two hothouses presented a 180-foot (55 m) frontage running west from present-day Fifth Avenue, and encircled by what Hosack called a "belt of forest trees and shrubs judiciously chequered and mingled."
312:, with the provision that the college would be moved to the site, although Columbia successfully lobbied for the removal of that condition in 1819. Columbia had no interest in continuing to maintain the costly botanical garden, and turned over responsibility for the gardens to
392:, part of a series of imagined scenes from New York City's early history. The brightly colored painting, in watercolor and gouache, depicts elegantly dressed New Yorkers strolling on a garden path on a sunny spring day, with Elgin's greenhouses in the background.
384:
to 1900. Artists working for the Index produced nearly 18,000 meticulously faithful watercolor drawings, documenting material culture by largely anonymous artisans." Artist Tabea Hosier produced an enduring representation of Elgin
Botanical
264:
to purchase it and maintain it as an aid in medical education. Ultimately, in March 1810, the State of New York purchased Elgin for $ 75,000, leaving Hosack with a loss of $ 28,000 after his expenses to buy and develop the property.
128:
created the Elgin
Botanic Garden, named for his father's Scottish birthplace. Hosack was among the leading medical practitioners of his time, and was later remembered primarily as the physician who attended the
218:
with a variety of indigenous and exotic plants, mostly of
American origin. By 1805, the garden was home to 1,500 species of plants from all over the world, including some rare specimens contributed by
269:
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677:
Hortus
Elginensis, or A catalogue of plants, indigenous and exotic, cultivated in the Elgin Botanic Garden, in the vicinity of the city of New-York: established in 1801
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A statement of facts relative to the establishment and progress of the Elgin
Botanic Garden, and the subsequent disposal of the same to the State of New-York
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that laid out the scheme for New York City's future grid of streets and avenues gave names to the carriage road leading to Elgin's garden, which became
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108:. By 1810, Hosack was no longer able to fund the garden's expenses, and sold the land to the State of New York. The property was given to
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where they were replanted at the Bloomingdale Asylum, and Hosack's library of horticultural texts became part of the collection of the
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694:
Laws of the State of New-York, Passed at the 42nd, 43rd, and 44th Sessions of the Legislature: From January 1819 to April 1821, Vol. V
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Elgin Botanic Garden, Its Later History and Relation to Columbia College, the New Hampshire Grants and the Treaty with Vermont in 1790
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decrepitude", and the abandoned botanical gardens eventually fell into decay. Surviving plant specimens were shipped to
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226:(1806), a catalogue and visitors' guide, containing an extensive list of the plants under cultivation at Elgin.
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Elgin was the first public botanical garden in the United States. It was established with Hosack's purchase of
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which "produced a pictorial survey of the crafts and decorative arts of the United States from the
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587:"The Country's First Botanic Garden Was on 20 Wooded Acres at Today's Rockefeller Center"
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The grounds were fully enclosed by an imposing stone wall, 7 feet (2.1 m) tall and
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miles (5.6 km) outside of what was then the city limit, is bounded by present-day
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Tabea Hosier, Elgin Botanical Gardens c. 1936, watercolor and graphite on paperboard,
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for approximately $ 4,800, equivalent to $ 112,000 in 2023 dollars. The location,
296:, and to the pathway that fronted Elgin's south-facing greenhouses, which became
763:"Elgin Botanic Garden (Later Rockefeller Center): Painting by Frederick Elmiger"
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in 1814, and the gardens were abandoned. In the 1920s, it became the site of
329:
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View of the Botanic Garden at Elgin in the vicinity of the City of New York
691:"Chap. XIX. An Act relative to Columbia College, in the city of New-York".
628:. Vol. 80. Philadelphia College of Pharmacy and Science. p. 423
1110:
649:"Hamilton's Physician: David Hosack, Renaissance Man of Early New York"
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In April 1814, the New York legislature voted to transfer the land to
807:
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In the 1960s, New York artist Frederick Elmiger (1890–1975) painted
745:"Columbia Is to Get $ 400 Million in Rockefeller Center Land Sale"
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in the United States, established in 1801 by New York physician
811:
790:
Description of Elgin Garden, the property of David Hosack, M.D.
270:
Board of Regents of the University of the State of New York
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on the northern boundary of New York's theater district."
480:. Vol. 51. New York: D. Appleton and Co. p. 822
233:
Drawing of Elgin by Reinagle, frontispiece of Hosack's
343:
agreed to lease a three-block portion of the land to
697:. Albany: William Gould & Co. 1821 . p. 26.
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461:. Lancaster, Pa.: Press of the New Era Print. Co.
268:Responsibility for the property was given to the
415:. Princeton University Press. pp. 261–262.
716:New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission
503:Johnston, Louis; Williamson, Samuel H. (2023).
176:acres (8.0 ha) of "common lands" from the
710:
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1176:Great Fortune: The Epic of Rockefeller Center
823:
680:(2nd ed.). New York: T. & J. Swords.
561:Great Fortune: The Epic of Rockefeller Center
141:, and who treated Hamilton's fatal injuries.
8:
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1245:1814 disestablishments in the United States
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615:
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316:, best known as a writer and light poet.
260:and for several years, he petitioned the
725:. City of New York. pp. 12, 14–15.
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27:Former botanical garden in New York City
1240:1801 establishments in New York (state)
720:"Rockefeller Center Designation Report"
622:"Some Early Botanical and Herb Gardens"
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222:. The following year, Hosack published
44:Painting of the Elgin Botanic Garden,
29:
647:Jeffe, Elizabeth Rohn (Spring 2004).
7:
656:New-York Journal of American History
155:) of a drawing by L. Simond, titled
474:"Early American Chemical Societies"
210:on the west. It is now the site of
1230:Botanical gardens in New York City
743:Dowd, Maureen (February 6, 1985).
478:Appleton's Popular Science Monthly
349:construction of Rockefeller Center
279:College of Physicians and Surgeons
25:
564:. Penguin Books. pp. 20–22.
773:from the original on 2015-09-12.
732:from the original on 2017-11-07.
620:Wilbert, M.I. (September 1908).
281:, which had not yet merged with
206:on the east, reaching nearly to
38:
524:Gross Domestic Product deflator
585:Dana Schulz (March 30, 2016).
1:
887:Simon & Schuster Building
803:. New York: C. S. Van Winkle.
658:. No. 3. pp. 54–58.
505:"What Was the U.S. GDP Then?"
472:Bolton, H.C. (October 1897).
149:
120:Establishment and development
45:
909:International Building North
626:American Journal of Pharmacy
124:In 1801, New York physician
975:1271 Avenue of the Americas
970:1251 Avenue of the Americas
965:1221 Avenue of the Americas
960:1211 Avenue of the Americas
877:1270 Avenue of the Americas
872:1250 Avenue of the Americas
367:The National Gallery of Art
290:Commissioners' Plan of 1811
1261:
409:Leitch, Alexander (1978).
304:Abandonment and later uses
262:New York State Legislature
326:New York Botanical Garden
237:catalogue (2nd ed., 1811)
37:
378:Index of American Design
1149:Beacon Capital Partners
1126:John D. Rockefeller Jr.
1024:Lunch atop a Skyscraper
899:British Empire Building
491:the value of $ 300,000.
455:Brown, Addison (1908).
374:The Federal Art Project
345:John D. Rockefeller Jr.
904:International Building
797:Hosack, David (1811).
787:Hosack, David (1802).
674:Hosack, David (1811).
370:
238:
159:
18:Elgin Botanical Garden
1031:Man at the Crossroads
882:Radio City Music Hall
767:George Glazer Gallery
412:A Princeton Companion
382:early colonial period
364:
232:
147:
100:was the first public
995:Elgin Botanic Garden
955:75 Rockefeller Plaza
939:50 Rockefeller Plaza
934:10 Rockefeller Plaza
860:30 Rockefeller Plaza
390:Elgin Botanic Garden
369:, Washington, D.C.
314:Clement Clarke Moore
133:between his friends
98:Elgin Botanic Garden
33:Elgin Botanic Garden
1206:40.7586°N 73.9788°W
1202: /
1121:John D. Rockefeller
1080:St. Nicholas Church
929:1 Rockefeller Plaza
914:La Maison Francaise
526:figures follow the
341:Columbia University
322:Morningside Heights
82:acres (8.0 ha)
1235:Rockefeller Center
1131:Nelson Rockefeller
1116:Rockefeller family
839:Rockefeller Center
749:The New York Times
371:
355:In popular culture
239:
212:Rockefeller Center
202:on the north, and
160:
135:Alexander Hamilton
114:Rockefeller Center
1211:40.7586; -73.9788
1185:
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1154:Rockefeller Group
1075:Rockefeller Plaza
1065:Nintendo New York
983:
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274:Hortus Elginensis
235:Hortus Elginensis
224:Hortus Elginensis
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16:(Redirected from
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1106:Wallace Harrison
1055:608 Fifth Avenue
1048:Other structures
924:600 Fifth Avenue
919:Palazzo d'Italia
853:Original complex
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516:November 30,
514:. Retrieved
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204:Fifth Avenue
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126:David Hosack
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106:David Hosack
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95:
1209: /
1070:NBC Studios
298:50th Street
200:51st Street
196:47th Street
153: 1802
148:Engraving (
87:Established
49: 1810
1224:Categories
1197:73°58′44″W
1194:40°45′31″N
1038:Prometheus
397:References
139:Aaron Burr
846:Buildings
330:the Bronx
131:1804 duel
771:Archived
769:. 2007.
727:Archived
718:(1985).
632:June 16,
558:(2004).
530:series.
385:Gardens.
347:for the
283:Columbia
56:Location
1111:Ivy Lee
988:History
484:June 8,
250:⁄
189:⁄
171:⁄
77:⁄
1142:Owners
568:
419:
1168:Books
1017:Atlas
730:(PDF)
723:(PDF)
652:(PDF)
591:6sqft
634:2010
598:2016
566:ISBN
518:2023
486:2010
417:ISBN
288:The
137:and
96:The
90:1801
66:Area
1009:Art
328:in
1226::
765:.
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703:^
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624:.
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164:19
150:c.
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252:2
248:1
245:+
243:2
191:2
187:1
184:+
182:3
173:4
169:3
166:+
79:4
75:3
72:+
20:)
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