254:
Moses himself admitted 'I was afraid of the anger,' while of secret charity the Bible says, 'A gift in secret pacifies anger'". Benevolence and acts of loving-kindness (ืืืืืืช ืืกืืื) are, according to
Eleazar's interpretation, even greater than charity; as the Bible says, "Sow to yourselves in righteousness , reap in mercy ." With reference to ืฆืืงื, the Bible uses "sowing," indicating an operation that leaves it in doubt whether the sower will or will not enjoy the fruit; while with reference to mercy "reaping" is used, an occupation that renders the enjoying of the results very probable. From the same Scriptural expression Eleazar draws the lesson, "Charity is rewarded only in proportion to the kindness in it"; that is, the pleasant and thoughtful way in which it is given, and the personal sacrifice it involves.
220:, where his scholarship procured him great honors. In Tiberias he was associated with Simon b. Eliakim in the office of judge, and at the academy he occupied the position of colleague-disciple (ืืืจ ืืชืืืื) of Johanan, who himself repeatedly admitted that Eleazar had enlightened him, once declaring that "the son of Pedat sits and interprets the Law as did Moses at the direct inspiration from the Almighty". After the death of
808:
227:
Eleazar's fame as an expert expounder of the Law having reached
Babylonia, his most prominent contemporaries there addressed to him intricate halakhic questions, to which he returned satisfactory answers. This happened so often that he became known in his native country as the "master of the land of
244:
Eleazar was averse to the study of esoteric matters. With reference to this study, he would cite the saying of Ben Sira, "Seek not things that are too hard for you, and search not out things that are above your strength". He prized knowledge above all things; therefore he remarked," He who possesses
257:
Eleazar was exceedingly poor, and often lacked the necessaries of life. Nevertheless, he would never accept any gifts, or even invitations to the patriarch's table. When any were extended to him, he would decline them with the remark, "It seems that you do not wish me to live long, since the Bible
253:
He frequently sang the praises of charity. "The practice of charity," he was wont to say, "is more meritorious than all oblations; as the Bible says, 'To do justice and judgment is more acceptable to the Lord than sacrifice'. He who practices charity secretly is greater than Moses himself; for
262:, who was following him, might find it. When the latter did find it and offered to restore it, Eleazar assured him that he had renounced its ownership and forfeited all rights thereto, and that consequently it was the property of the finder. It is also reported as his custom first to offer a
266:
to the poor, and then to offer prayer to God. Even to impostors he would never refuse charity. "Were it not for the existence of impostors, not a single refusal of charity could ever be atoned for; we therefore ought to show gratitude to them".
224:, Eleazar was chosen to fill the position of assistant to Johanan. When Johanan became disabled through grief at Shimon's death, Eleazar presided over the academy, and after the death of Johanan succeeded him in the office of head master.
388:
the story is in part a
Babylonian critique of the actions of Palestinian rabbis. It disapproves either of specific individuals (Yohanan, Resh Laqish, and Eleazar ben Pedat) or of Palestinian Amoraim in
245:
knowledge is as great as if the Temple were rebuilt in his days"; and from Job 20:21 he teaches that he who does not contribute toward the support of scholars will not be blessed in his property.
196:. This was for him a period of hard study, which gave rise to the homiletic remark that the Biblical saying, "Be thou ravished always with her love," was well illustrated by Eleazar ben Pedat at
173:, whom he in after years generally cited by the appellation "our teacher", and whose academy he revered above all others, recognizing in it the "lesser sanctuary" of the Diaspora, as promised (
228:
Israel"; and anonymous decisions introduced in the
Babylonian schools with the statement "They sent word from there" were understood, as a matter of course, to emanate from Eleazar ben Pedat.
258:
says, 'He that hates gifts shall live'". His scant earnings he would share with other needy scholars; thus, he once purposely lost a coin in order that poverty-stricken
184:, and the superior opportunities which Palestine afforded for religious practices, impelled him to emigrate to thereโand at a comparatively early age, since some of
106:
1910:
209:
146:
880:
99:
381:
27:
1920:
92:
1915:
1058:
188:'s contemporaries were still alive and active. Indeed, it seems that for a time Eleazar even attended the lectures of
153:, where he was held in great esteem and served as head master, becoming known as "master of the land of Israel".
1722:
972:
842:
180:
When and why he left
Babylonia is not stated; but from the data extant it appears that his ardent love for the
1325:
826:
1620:
1412:
1229:
1676:
873:
1199:
967:
852:
231:
There are no data to show how long
Eleazar survived R. Johanan, but he probably died about 279 C.E.
1865:
1671:
1605:
1600:
1407:
1139:
1008:
993:
937:
213:
20:
1574:
1452:
1310:
1244:
1209:
342:
305:
166:
1249:
1224:
821:
402:
1681:
1548:
1518:
1498:
1340:
1239:
1124:
998:
549:
433:
420:
377:
221:
1885:
1849:
1834:
1625:
1533:
1513:
1402:
1320:
1174:
1169:
1099:
1028:
866:
297:
139:
1803:
1767:
1757:
1737:
1701:
1696:
1610:
1553:
1350:
1345:
1335:
1290:
1285:
1234:
1219:
1204:
1164:
1154:
1048:
1043:
1013:
947:
942:
932:
922:
259:
193:
189:
123:
1880:
1813:
1762:
1706:
1691:
1666:
1543:
1275:
1194:
1134:
1104:
1033:
903:
817:
473:
181:
351:
Eleazar ben Pedat, the third century scholar who lived in both
Palestine and Babylonia
1904:
1808:
1656:
1651:
1523:
1477:
1381:
1376:
1330:
1300:
1179:
1149:
1109:
1038:
1023:
1018:
952:
812:
367:
363:
326:
1798:
1646:
1615:
1558:
1508:
1254:
1214:
962:
927:
917:
185:
371:
331:"Some Observations on Rabbinic Reaction to Roman Rule in Third Century Palestine"
1875:
1844:
1595:
1580:
1446:
1295:
1184:
1079:
957:
200:, who was so absorbed in his studies as to be unconscious of all worldly needs.
170:
1686:
1590:
1538:
1528:
1503:
1371:
1315:
1089:
1084:
165:
by birth and of priestly descent. In his native country he was a disciple of
1870:
1839:
1829:
1752:
1742:
1661:
1467:
1462:
1366:
1280:
1270:
1159:
197:
162:
80:
1788:
1783:
1732:
1727:
1493:
1472:
1457:
1397:
988:
217:
150:
75:
63:
811: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
346:
330:
1793:
1585:
1432:
1144:
889:
309:
285:
174:
135:
131:
58:
53:
1747:
1305:
1189:
1129:
1094:
1053:
263:
70:
43:
615:
Beitzah 16b; Yerushalmi
Kiddushin 1 60c; Bava Batra 135b; Hullin 86b
301:
1641:
1119:
1114:
1063:
48:
1429:
900:
862:
858:
512:
Yerushalmi
Ketuvot 9 33b; Yerushalmi Bava Metzia 10 12c
26:
For other early Jewish rabbis with the same name, see
579:
Yerushalmi
Megillah 1 72c; Yerushalmi Sanhedrin 3 21b
1858:
1822:
1776:
1715:
1634:
1567:
1486:
1439:
1390:
1359:
1263:
1072:
981:
910:
839:
Frankel, Mebo, p. 111b et seq.; Breslau, 1870;
314:
Pedat, a 3rd century Babylonian emigre to Palestine
874:
100:
8:
494:Yerushalmi Rosh Hashana 2 58b; Ketuvot 112a
1426:
897:
881:
867:
859:
107:
93:
32:
276:
35:
16:3rd-century Jewish scholar from Babylon
700:
698:
696:
677:
675:
208:Later, Eleazar became attached to the
836:Bacher, Ag. Pal. Amor. ii. 1 et seq.;
7:
376:. Vol. 16. Brill. p. 193.
286:"The Wall Separating God and Israel"
130:) was a second and third-generation
177:11:16) to the exiles in Babylonia.
127:
1823:Seventh Generation (until 465 CE):
794:Yerushalmi Peah 8 21b; Ketuvot 68a
14:
1911:Talmud rabbis of Syria Palaestina
1859:Eighth Generation (until 500 CE):
1635:Fourth Generation (until 340 CE):
1487:Second Generation (until 280 CE):
1264:Fourth Generation (until 340 CE):
982:Second Generation (until 280 CE):
832:with the following bibliography:
820:; et al., eds. (1901โ1906).
1777:Sixth Generation (until 430 CE):
1716:Fifth Generation (until 380 CE):
1568:Third Generation (until 310 CE):
1440:First Generation (until 250 CE):
1391:Sixth Generation (until 410 CE):
1360:Fifth Generation (until 380 CE):
1073:Third Generation (until 310 CE):
911:First Generation (until 250 CE):
830:. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
806:
633:ืฉืืื ืืชื; Beitzah 4b; Gittin 73a
624:Yoma 9b; Gittin 19b; Niddah 20b
423:2 4b; Yerushalmi Shekalim 2 47a
552:2 4b; Temurah 25b; Keritot 27a
401:Schechter, S.; Mendelsohn, S.
28:Rabbi Eleazar (disambiguation)
1:
848:Weiss, Dor, iii. 85 et seq.;
454:Bava Batra 135b; Hullin 111b
1626:Rav Shmuel bar Rav Yitzchak
1059:Hillel, son of Gamaliel III
776:Yerushalmi Bava Metzia 2 8c
503:Bava Batra 87a; Hullin 110a
335:Hebrew Union College Annual
145:He became a scholar at the
1937:
845:, ii., s.v.; Warsaw, 1882.
570:Yerushalmi Sanhedrin 1 18b
463:Gittin 9b; Bava Batra 152a
445:Eruvin 66a; Bava Batra 82b
25:
18:
1425:
896:
606:Yerushalmi Megillah 1 72b
373:Judaism in Late Antiquity
169:, and more especially of
1723:Rav Nachman bar Yitzchak
1549:Raba Bar Jeremiah (Abba)
973:Simeon ben Judah ha-Nasi
843:Heilprin, Seder ha-Dorot
767:Megillah 28a; Hullin 44b
669:Yerushalmi Hagigah 2 77c
142:during the 3rd century.
19:Not to be confused with
1326:Abba bar Hiyya bar Abba
827:The Jewish Encyclopedia
521:Yerushalmi Yevamot 4 5d
290:Jewish Quarterly Review
1621:Rav Shmuel bar Yehudah
1413:Samuel b. Jose b. Boon
1398:Judah IV (Nesi'ah III)
1271:Judah III (Nesi'ah II)
1230:Shila of Kefar Tamarta
284:Bokser, B. M. (1983).
1677:Hiyya b. Abin Naggara
436:5 9d; Moed Kattan 28a
403:"ELEAZAR II. (LAZAR)"
366:; Avery-Peck, A. J.;
1921:People from Tiberias
1200:Tachlifa of the West
989:Judah II (Nesi'ah I)
968:Simeon ben Jehozadak
851:Zacuto, Yuasin, ed.
157:Early life and study
1672:Idi b. Abin Naggara
1606:Rabbah bar Rav Huna
1601:Rav Yosef bar Hiyya
1408:Hanina of Sepphoris
1140:Rabbah bar bar Hana
994:Johanan bar Nappaha
938:Epes the Southerner
407:Jewish Encyclopedia
21:Eleazar ben Shammua
1916:3rd-century rabbis
1575:Rabbah bar Nahmani
1453:Samuel of Nehardea
1311:Isaac ben Eliashiv
1245:Kahana bar Tahlifa
1210:Luliani ben Tabrin
855:, pp. 113a et seq.
134:or Talmudist from
1898:
1897:
1894:
1893:
1682:Mar son of Ravina
1519:Jeremiah bar Abba
1499:Judah bar Ezekiel
1421:
1420:
1341:Pedat ben Eleazar
1125:Samuel ben Nahman
1004:Eleazar ben Pedat
999:Shimon ben Lakish
222:Shimon ben Lakish
120:Eleazar ben Pedat
117:
116:
1928:
1886:Samuel b. Abbahu
1866:Rabbah Tosafa'ah
1850:Judah b. Meremar
1835:Mar bar Rav Ashi
1534:Hiyya bar Joseph
1514:Rabbah bar Abuha
1427:
1403:Tanhuma bar Abba
1321:Hasa of Eshtemoa
1175:Jose of Yokereth
1170:Hanina ben Pappa
898:
883:
876:
869:
860:
831:
810:
809:
795:
792:
786:
783:
777:
774:
768:
765:
759:
756:
750:
747:
741:
738:
732:
729:
723:
720:
714:
713:Deuteronomy 9:19
711:
705:
702:
691:
688:
682:
679:
670:
667:
661:
658:
652:
649:
643:
640:
634:
631:
625:
622:
616:
613:
607:
604:
598:
595:
589:
586:
580:
577:
571:
568:
562:
559:
553:
546:
540:
537:
531:
528:
522:
519:
513:
510:
504:
501:
495:
492:
486:
483:
477:
470:
464:
461:
455:
452:
446:
443:
437:
430:
424:
417:
411:
410:
398:
392:
391:
360:
354:
353:
323:
317:
316:
281:
210:Talmudic academy
204:Scholarly career
147:Talmudic academy
140:Syria Palaestina
129:
128:ืจืื ืืืขืืจ ืื ืคืืช
109:
102:
95:
33:
1936:
1935:
1931:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1926:
1925:
1901:
1900:
1899:
1890:
1854:
1818:
1804:Huna bar Nathan
1772:
1768:Bevai bar Abaye
1758:Rav Mesharshiya
1738:Huna ben Joshua
1711:
1702:Mari bar Rachel
1697:Rabbah b. Shela
1630:
1611:Joseph bar Hama
1563:
1554:Adda bar Ahavah
1482:
1435:
1417:
1386:
1355:
1351:Acha bar Hanina
1346:Abba bar Pappai
1336:Abba bar Zemina
1291:Jose bar Zevida
1286:Rabbi Berekhiah
1259:
1235:Anani ben Sason
1220:Shimon ben Pazi
1205:Avdimi of Haifa
1165:Hanina bar Papi
1155:Abba bar Kahana
1068:
1049:Shimon bar Abba
1044:Hama bar Hanina
1014:Jose bar Hanina
977:
948:Hanina bar Hama
943:Joshua ben Levi
933:Hoshaiah Rabbah
906:
892:
887:
818:Singer, Isidore
816:
807:
804:
799:
798:
793:
789:
784:
780:
775:
771:
766:
762:
757:
753:
748:
744:
739:
735:
730:
726:
721:
717:
712:
708:
703:
694:
689:
685:
680:
673:
668:
664:
659:
655:
650:
646:
641:
637:
632:
628:
623:
619:
614:
610:
605:
601:
597:Bava Metzia 84a
596:
592:
587:
583:
578:
574:
569:
565:
561:Bava Kamma 117b
560:
556:
547:
543:
538:
534:
529:
525:
520:
516:
511:
507:
502:
498:
493:
489:
484:
480:
471:
467:
462:
458:
453:
449:
444:
440:
431:
427:
418:
414:
400:
399:
395:
384:
370:, eds. (2001).
362:
361:
357:
325:
324:
320:
302:10.2307/1454547
283:
282:
278:
273:
260:Shimon bar Abba
251:
242:
237:
206:
194:Hoshaiah Rabbah
190:Hiyya the Great
159:
113:
36:Rabbinical eras
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1934:
1932:
1924:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1903:
1902:
1896:
1895:
1892:
1891:
1889:
1888:
1883:
1881:Rav Rahumi III
1878:
1873:
1868:
1862:
1860:
1856:
1855:
1853:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1826:
1824:
1820:
1819:
1817:
1816:
1814:Sama bar Raqta
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1780:
1778:
1774:
1773:
1771:
1770:
1765:
1763:Hanina of Sura
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1719:
1717:
1713:
1712:
1710:
1709:
1707:Acha Bar Yosef
1704:
1699:
1694:
1692:Isaac b. Judah
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1667:Rav Kahana III
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1638:
1636:
1632:
1631:
1629:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1571:
1569:
1565:
1564:
1562:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1544:Hiyya bar Ashi
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1490:
1488:
1484:
1483:
1481:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1443:
1441:
1437:
1436:
1430:
1423:
1422:
1419:
1418:
1416:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1394:
1392:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1363:
1361:
1357:
1356:
1354:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1276:Jeremiah (III)
1273:
1267:
1265:
1261:
1260:
1258:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1195:Abba bar Memel
1192:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1135:Hiyya bar Abba
1132:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1105:Rabbi Yitzchak
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1076:
1074:
1070:
1069:
1067:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1034:Judah b. Hiyya
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
985:
983:
979:
978:
976:
975:
970:
965:
960:
955:
950:
945:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
914:
912:
908:
907:
901:
894:
893:
888:
886:
885:
878:
871:
863:
857:
856:
849:
846:
840:
837:
803:
800:
797:
796:
787:
785:Bava Batra 10a
778:
769:
760:
758:Proverbs 15:27
751:
742:
733:
724:
722:Proverbs 21:14
715:
706:
692:
683:
671:
662:
653:
644:
635:
626:
617:
608:
599:
590:
581:
572:
563:
554:
541:
532:
523:
514:
505:
496:
487:
478:
474:Yalkut Shimoni
472:Megillah 29a;
465:
456:
447:
438:
425:
412:
393:
382:
368:Chilton, B. D.
355:
327:Feldman, L. H.
318:
296:(4): 349โ374.
275:
274:
272:
269:
250:
247:
241:
238:
236:
233:
205:
202:
182:Land of Israel
158:
155:
115:
114:
112:
111:
104:
97:
89:
86:
85:
84:
83:
78:
73:
68:
67:
66:
61:
56:
51:
38:
37:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1933:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1908:
1906:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1861:
1857:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1827:
1825:
1821:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1809:Rav Kahana IV
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1781:
1779:
1775:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1720:
1718:
1714:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1657:Aha bar Jacob
1655:
1653:
1652:Rami bar Hama
1650:
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1627:
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1524:Rav Kahana II
1522:
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1478:Abba bar Abba
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1382:Rabbi Mana II
1380:
1378:
1377:Jose ben Abin
1375:
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1368:
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1301:Rabbi Hilkiah
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1250:แธคiyya bar Ami
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1180:Jeremiah (II)
1178:
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1150:Rabbi Ilai II
1148:
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1110:Hama bar Ukva
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1039:Abba of Jaffa
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1027:
1025:
1024:Jacob bar Idi
1022:
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1019:Rav Kahana II
1017:
1015:
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1009:Isaac Nappaha
1007:
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953:Levi ben Sisi
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829:
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813:public domain
801:
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782:
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773:
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764:
761:
755:
752:
746:
743:
737:
734:
731:Bava Batra 9b
728:
725:
719:
716:
710:
707:
701:
699:
697:
693:
690:Proverbs 21:3
687:
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681:Sanhedrin 92a
678:
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660:Ecclus. 3:21
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642:Sanhedrin 17b
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530:Proverbs 5:19
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138:who lived in
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47:
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42:
41:
40:
39:
34:
29:
22:
1799:Rami b. Abba
1616:Ammi b. Abba
1509:Hamnuna Saba
1255:Abin Naggara
1215:Abba of Acre
1003:
963:Jeremiah (I)
928:Rabbi Yannai
918:Gamaliel III
904:Eretz Israel
825:
822:"Eleazar II"
805:
802:Bibliography
790:
781:
772:
763:
754:
745:
736:
727:
718:
709:
686:
665:
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647:
638:
629:
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611:
602:
593:
584:
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566:
557:
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526:
517:
508:
499:
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485:Ketuvot 111a
481:
468:
459:
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428:
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406:
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387:
372:
358:
350:
338:
334:
321:
313:
293:
289:
279:
256:
252:
243:
230:
226:
207:
179:
160:
144:
119:
118:
1876:Rabbah Jose
1845:Aha b. Rava
1596:Hamnuna III
1581:Rav Nachman
1447:Abba Arikha
1431:Amoraim of
1296:Rabbi Jonah
1185:Hoshaiah II
1080:Gamaliel IV
958:Bar Kappara
902:Amoraim of
749:Ta'anit 25a
740:Hosea 10:12
651:Hagigah 13a
588:Yevamot 72b
548:Yerushalmi
476:Ezekiel 352
432:Yerushalmi
419:Yerushalmi
364:Neusner, J.
212:founded by
1905:Categories
1687:Rav Shizbi
1591:Rav Chisda
1539:Rav Giddel
1529:Rav Berona
1504:Hamnuna II
1372:Gamaliel V
1316:Rabbi Aibu
1090:Rabbi Assi
1085:Rabbi Ammi
853:Filipowski
704:Sukkah 49b
539:Eruvin 54b
383:0391041533
271:References
249:On charity
214:R. Johanan
163:Babylonian
1871:Ravina II
1840:Rafram II
1830:Rav Yemar
1753:Mar Zutra
1743:Rav Zevid
1662:Rav Safra
1468:Rav Shela
1367:Hillel II
1281:Rabbi Aha
1240:Alexandri
1160:Rav Avira
341:: 39โ81.
235:His views
198:Sepphoris
161:He was a
81:Acharonim
1789:Ravina I
1784:Rav Ashi
1733:Rav Papi
1728:Rav Papa
1577:(Rabbah)
1494:Rav Huna
1473:Rav Assi
1458:Mar Ukva
1029:Hezekiah
923:R. Hiyya
550:Berachot
434:Berachot
421:Berachot
347:23508128
329:(1992).
240:On study
218:Tiberias
151:Tiberias
76:Rishonim
64:Savoraim
1794:Maremar
1586:Sheshet
1433:Babylon
1225:Me'asha
1145:Levi II
890:Amoraim
815::
389:general
310:1454547
192:and of
175:Ezekiel
136:Babylon
59:Amoraim
54:Tannaim
1748:Amemar
1306:Zerika
1190:Hanina
1130:Abin I
1095:Abbahu
1054:Simlai
380:
345:
308:
264:prutah
167:Samuel
124:Hebrew
71:Geonim
44:Chazal
1642:Abaye
1463:Karna
1449:(Rav)
1331:Rabin
1120:Helbo
1115:Zeira
1064:Zeiri
343:JSTOR
306:JSTOR
186:Rabbi
132:amora
49:Zugot
1647:Rava
1559:Anan
1100:Ulla
378:ISBN
298:doi
216:at
171:Rav
149:at
1907::
824:.
695:^
674:^
405:.
386:.
349:.
339:63
337:.
333:.
312:.
304:.
294:73
292:.
288:.
126::
882:e
875:t
868:v
409:.
300::
122:(
108:e
101:t
94:v
30:.
23:.
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