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Most contemporary democracies agree that only age, citizenship and (in some jurisdictions) serious, previously-committed crimes are the only of these restrictions which apply. One prominent exception to this is the limited representation available for denizens of the capital of the United States,
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Confederacy gave a strong political role to women perhaps to as far back as its origins in the 12th century, although, as in 19th century New
Zealand, this was expressed as support for a specific male, not the right to sit in council. The Iroquois Confederacy, like many
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societies, recognized rituals to allow post-menopausal or powerful widowed women to assume the role of a man—because of this, it is possible that at some point in its history, the
Confederacy permitted a full and formal role to women.
673:, to run against each other. Such methods are not generally viewed as providing an equivalent political expression to the right to replace an entire centralized power group by way of election, as can occur in a multi-party system.
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A recent example of how the "right to vote" changed over history is New
Zealand, which was the first country to give women the right to vote (September 19, 1893), though not the right to be elected. The participation in politics
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limited the vote to male citizens, while slaves, foreigners, and women of any status were excluded. Requirements and exclusions such as these, along with racial prohibitions, have been common in democracies. The definition of
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that helps to signal the acceptance of those promoted into new posts. Those who do not receive very high (over 80%) acceptance generally rise no further in rank or position.
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Some limited (to a greater or lesser degree) alternative voting and official appointing systems claim to be democratic. One-party states such as the
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are excluded from the slate of candidates. Recent elections in Iran have suffered from very low turnout.
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of 1965. Today all but a few states deny the right to vote to those who have been convicted of a
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both candidacy and suffrage in Europe and the
Americas is, largely, a 20th-century phenomenon.
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Gordon, Nicole A. "The
Constitutional Right to Candidacy." U. Kan. L. Rev. 25 (1976): 545.
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a poster for the
European Parliament election 2004 in Italy, showing party lists.
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Sex equity has been recognized in other ways in other societies, however. The
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implemented reforms to allow multiple candidates, all from the local
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every citizen has the right to participate in the elections of the
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Another means of limited democracy is that practiced in the
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of
America, restrictions on the right to vote due to
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carries 12 times as much weight as does a vote from
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has been historically tied up with these questions.
715:executive (on the state or federal level) pardon).
46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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746:vote carries four times the weight of a
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618:) are less clear than voting rights (
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699:or lack thereof, and in some places
44:adding citations to reliable sources
750:vote in the presidential election.
663:Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
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169:Campaigners working on posters in
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435:Next general elections
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686:Green Party of Iran
513:Politics portal
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261:Proportional
180:Part of the
171:Milan, Italy
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142:You can help
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38:Please help
33:verification
30:
744:Californian
659:perestroika
551:democracies
430:Most recent
314:Competition
293:Terminology
212:By-election
206:Basic types
793:Categories
768:References
736:Luxembourg
598:education,
479:by country
475:Referendum
354:Psephology
349:Initiative
231:Fixed-term
154:April 2024
96:April 2024
66:newspapers
804:Elections
799:Democracy
585:religion,
381:Subseries
276:Sortition
251:Plurality
217:Corporate
189:Elections
146:talk page
809:Suffrage
756:See also
701:literacy
684:and the
635:Iroquois
620:suffrage
555:suffrage
442:National
364:Suffrage
246:Mid-term
226:Indirect
748:Montana
740:Germany
726:In the
691:In the
591:birth (
588:wealth,
576:gender,
459:Related
256:Primary
236:General
80:scholar
709:felony
665:under
657:Under
397:Voting
309:Audits
266:Recall
222:Direct
173:, 2004
144:. The
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446:local
414:Lists
241:Local
87:JSTOR
73:books
593:e.g.
444:and
271:Snap
59:news
713:via
628:via
42:by
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