390:
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492:, baptismal fonts, and other "idolatrous works," even organs, were ruthlessly removed from the churches. In the celebration of the Lord's Supper the breaking of bread was introduced. The revenues from monasteries and foundations were confiscated and applied to Evangelical church purposes or charity. The
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also demanded the abolition of the changes. Frederick, however, declared in the 14 May session of the Diet that a matter was concerned over which God alone has the rule, and if it was intended to proceed against him, he would find comfort in the promises of his
Saviour. The decree was not carried
452:
When efforts at mediation failed
Frederick deposed both men on 16 September 1559. To get a clear understanding of the controversy Frederick spent days and nights in theological studies and was thus led more and more to the Reformed confession. A disputation held in June 1560 between the Saxon
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order of 1564 consolidated the changes. The opposition of ministers inclining to
Lutheranism was suppressed by their dismissal. Among the Lutherans, Frederick's measures caused a great sensation. The religious colloquy held at
528:; but here he was resisted by the zealous Lutheran estates. He continued his work of reform on the Rhine by introducing in 1570 a strict church discipline. Frederick pronounced the sentence of death on the Antitrinitarian
2018:
562:
Frederick's last years were troubled by domestic afflictions. As his older son Louis was a strict
Lutheran, he could not hope that after his death his work would be carried out in his own spirit.
781:
1988:
1983:
2003:
723:
53:
640:
595:
264:
1832:
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496:, prepared by a committee of theologians and ministers likely led by Ursinus, now served as the norm of doctrine and for the instruction of the youth.
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373:, and made the Reformed confession the official religion of his domain by overseeing the composition and promulgation of the
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1993:
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as an enclave to enable the continued existence of the
Reformed faith. Johann Casimir would serve as regent for the
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had found a place in the
Palatinate. In the summer of 1559 bitter controversies arose among them. Theses on the
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on 18 May 1557, and became elector on 12 February 1559, on the death of Otto Henry. Under his predecessor
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upon Louis VI's death and would oversee the return of the
Reformed faith to the Palatinate.
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Elisabeth of Saxony and John
Casimir of the Palatinate: A Marital and Religious Conflict
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1696:
Elisabeth von
Sachsen und Johann Kasimir von der Pfalz: Ein Ehe- und Religionskonflikt
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of the Rhine (14 February 1515 – 16 October 1576) was a ruler from the house of
1967:
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Kunigunde Jakobäa (9 October 1556 – 26 January 1586), married in 1580 to Count
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469:, and Paul Einhorn increased Frederick's dislike for the Lutheran zealots. After the
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based on the opinion signed by
Olevianus, Ursinus, and Boquin, on 23 December 1572.
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377:. His support of Calvinism gave the German Reformed movement a foothold within the
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deacon Wilhelm Klebitz provoked a bitter controversy between him and Heshusius.
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Frederick III and his wives, Marie of Brandenburg and Amalia of Neuenahr
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ordered the changes to be annulled. A unanimous decree of the 1566
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He died in 1576, and was succeeded as Elector Palatine by his son
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Anna Elisabeth (23 July 1549 – 20 September 1609), married:
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598:(30 June 1540 – 8 February 1594), married in 1558 to Duke
1814:
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Frederick III was married twice. Firstly, he married in 1537
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620:(15 November 1544 – 8 April 1592), married in 1560 to
473:(January 1561) Frederick fully adopted the Reformed dogmas.
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had been there since January 1560. Images of the saints,
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and inherited the Palatinate from the childless Elector
668:( 1539 – 1602), but this marriage was childless.
610:(7 March 1543 – 16 January 1592); married: 1570
2019:
Burials at the Church of the Holy Spirit, Heidelberg
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Hermann Ludwig (6 October 1541 – 1 July 1556)
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60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
413:, but, influenced by his wife, the pious princess
1702:] (in German). Dresden: Dresdner Buchverlag.
654:Karl (28 December 1552 – 12 September 1555)
626:Albert (30 September 1546 – 30 April 1547)
539:as a refuge to the Evangelicals driven from the
1989:16th-century Calvinist and Reformed Christians
1984:16th-century Prince-electors of the Palatinate
724:Stephen, Count Palatine of Simmern-ZweibrĂĽcken
1826:
524:, Frederick endeavored to continue it in the
499:The church order of 15 November 1563 and the
8:
695:Ancestors of Frederick III, Elector Palatine
586:Alberta (4 April 1538 – 19 March 1553)
520:After completing the work of reform in the
480:to Heidelberg, and in September the famous
417:, whom he married in 1537, he followed the
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576:Casimir, Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
2004:German Calvinist and Reformed Christians
484:. The whole Church was now transformed.
286:Cunigunde, Countess of Nassau-Dillenburg
275:Dorothea Susanne, Duchess of Saxe-Weimar
557:Wolfgang, Count Palatine of ZweibrĂĽcken
405:Frederick was strictly educated in the
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592:(4 July 1539 – 22 October 1583)
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58:adding citations to reliable sources
409:faith at his father's court and at
1237:Charles I, Margrave of Baden-Baden
968:Philip I, Count of Nassau-Weilburg
928:John II, Count Palatine of Simmern
162:12 February 1559 – 26 October 1576
27:Elector Palatine from 1559 to 1576
25:
1455:Philip I, Count of Katzenelnbogen
808:John I, Count Palatine of Simmern
622:John William, Duke of Saxe-Weimar
574:(1519 – 1567), daughter of
69:"Frederick III, Elector Palatine"
1721:Frederick III, Elector Palatine
1575:Henry II, Count of Nassau-Siegen
614:(18 October 1552 - 2 April 1590)
34:
1694:Böttcher, Hans-Joachim (2018).
1169:Frederick III, Elector Palatine
1026:Elisabeth of Lorraine-Vaudémont
647:Christof (13 June 1551 –
146:Frederick III, Elector Palatine
45:needs additional citations for
1211:Jacob, Margrave of Baden-Baden
543:. He sent his like-minded son
1:
1052:Johanna of Nassau-SaarbrĂĽcken
994:John II of Nassau-SaarbrĂĽcken
664:Secondly, he married in 1569
634:Philipp II of Hesse-Rheinfels
600:Johann Frederick II of Saxony
572:Marie of Brandenburg-Kulmbach
547:in 1567 and again in 1576 to
243:Marie of Brandenburg-Kulmbach
1295:Christopher I of Baden-Baden
681:Electorate of the Palatinate
659:John VI of Nassau-Dillenburg
363:Otto-Henry, Elector Palatine
265:Elizabeth, Duchess of Saxony
2009:House of Palatinate-Simmern
1481:Philip II of Katzenelnbogen
555:. In 1569 he assisted also
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590:Louis VI, Elector Palatine
261:Louis VI, Elector Palatine
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271:Johann Casimir of Simmern
139:
1601:Ottilie of Nassau-Siegen
844:Arnold, Duke of Guelders
335:Frederick III of Simmern
1331:Ernest, Duke of Austria
582:. Their children were:
559:on his way to France.
535:In 1562 Frederick gave
641:John August of Veldenz
461:and the Heidelbergers
402:
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1999:Converts to Calvinism
1633:Genoveva of Virneburg
1269:Catherine of Lorraine
632:in 1569 to Landgrave
400:
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18:Elector Frederick III
2014:House of Wittelsbach
1726:House of Wittelsbach
1389:Cymburgis of Masovia
1357:Catherine of Austria
1144:23. Johanna of Diest
870:Margaret of Guelders
494:Heidelberg Catechism
415:Maria of Brandenburg
375:Heidelberg Catechism
297:House of Wittelsbach
54:improve this article
1994:People from Simmern
1513:Anna of WĂĽrttemberg
902:Catherine of Cleves
612:Elisabeth of Saxony
566:Family and children
478:Emmanuel Tremellius
471:Naumburg Convention
345:, specifically the
1943:Charles III Philip
666:Amalia of Neuenahr
580:Susanna of Bavaria
510:Emperor Maximilian
431:Tilemann Heshusius
403:
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359:John II of Simmern
357:. He was a son of
351:Palatinate-Simmern
307:John II of Simmern
247:Amalia of Neuenahr
1961:
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1953:Maximilian Joseph
1809:
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1785:
1769:Succeeded by
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482:Zacharius Ursinus
379:Holy Roman Empire
332:
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317:Beatrice of Baden
231:Heiliggeistkirche
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16:(Redirected from
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1948:Charles Theodore
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1801:Elector Palatine
1791:Preceded by
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1752:Preceded by
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1713:
1415:Beatrix of Baden
701:
692:
618:Dorothea Susanne
526:Upper Palatinate
522:Rhine Palatinate
514:Diet of Augsburg
486:Caspar Olevianus
445:prepared by the
427:strict Lutherans
339:Elector Palatine
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201:14 February 1515
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153:Elector Palatine
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551:in aid of the
545:Johann Casimir
467:Thomas Erastus
459:Joachim Mörlin
455:Johann Stössel
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649:14 April 1574
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530:Johann Sylvan
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71: –
70:
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65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
1938:John William
1913:Frederick IV
1902:
1893:Frederick II
1799:
1778:John Casimir
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453:theologians
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366:
347:cadet branch
334:
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233:, Heidelberg
215:(1576-10-26)
116:
107:
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52:Please help
47:verification
44:
1979:1576 deaths
1974:1515 births
1918:Frederick V
1878:Frederick I
541:Netherlands
537:Frankenthal
419:Reformation
367:Ottheinrich
343:Wittelsbach
282:Christopher
167:Predecessor
1968:Categories
1928:Charles II
1898:Otto Henry
1863:Rupert III
1805:1559–1576
1794:Otto-Henry
1766:1557–1576
1688:Literature
501:consistory
447:Heidelberg
439:Calvinists
220:Heidelberg
197:1515-02-14
171:Otto Henry
110:April 2017
80:newspapers
1868:Louis III
1858:Rupert II
687:Ancestors
596:Elisabeth
553:Huguenots
506:Maulbronn
490:vestments
371:Calvinism
177:Successor
1908:Louis VI
1873:Louis IV
1853:Rupert I
1772:Louis VI
673:Louis VI
407:Catholic
355:Sponheim
327:Reformed
323:Religion
181:Louis VI
1888:Louis V
1782:Lautern
1755:John II
423:Simmern
411:Cologne
284:Charles
258:Alberta
204:Simmern
94:scholar
1883:Philip
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549:France
437:, and
313:Mother
303:Father
278:Albert
239:Spouse
226:Burial
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1739:Died:
1732:Born:
1698:[
517:out.
429:like
292:House
254:Issue
159:Reign
101:JSTOR
87:books
1780:for
1741:1576
1734:1515
1704:ISBN
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578:and
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385:Life
210:Died
191:Born
73:news
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