448:, called a press conference to declare he felt compelled by conscience to publicity confess his complicity on electoral rigging by returning officers under his command to manipulate results for at least 13 candidates. Furthermore, he blamed the Chief Justice and the ECP's Chief Commissioner as primarily responsible for the ongoing events and that they should be prosecuted. ECP officials denied the accusations classing then as unfounded and motivated by self-promotion, adding that a divisional commissioner had no direct role in the electoral process. However, on 22 February, Chattha, while under arrest, retracted his claims and apologized to the ECP, claiming that the PTI "offered strong position" for making the allegations and saying that Qazi Faiz Isa's position as Chief Justice "was taken to create mistrust in general public against him".
437:
morning, the system crashed. The transmission of data was frozen when publicly released results reached around 60% to 85% of the vote tallying for most constituencies. When the system resumed, the updated accounts were found to be greatly inconsistent with the previous ones. The PML-N, the clear winner on 30 constituencies and still competing on 10 Punjab
Assembly seats, suddenly came up winning in about 137 seats in total. On 16 February, in a press conference, PML-N spokeswoman
1284:
1690:
43:) has history intertwined with military interventions and legal obstacles against political dissenters, impacting the democratic process. Since its inception in 1947, Pakistan experienced alternating phases of democracy and authoritarianism, with the first general elections held only in 1970. The early governance was managed by a
451:
Foreign media, observer groups and other countries and organizations including the United States, the United
Kingdom and the European Union have voiced their concerns about the fairness of the elections. The Balochistan Bar Association stated, amidst widespread multiparty protests in the province,
436:
On the day after the elections, at 2 AM, the ECP was supposed to begin to release the provisional results for national and provincial constituencies. The first accounts showed the PTI winning overwhelmingly, achieving two thirds of the
National and Punjab Provincial Assembly seats. In the early
287:
and journalist Tahir Mehdi have highlighted the 1997 elections' controversial aspects. The crackdown on the PPP and the narrative of corruption against
Zardari were key factors contributing to Sharif's overwhelming parliamentary majority. International observers from the European Union and the
245:
was a significant judicial acknowledgment of election rigging. Mazhar Abbas referred to the 1990 elections as "the mother of all rigging." In addition to financial manipulation, there were efforts to tarnish
Benazir Bhutto's public image through character assassination and negative propaganda.
163:
have noted the contrast between the nonpartisan nature of the 1985 elections and the specific political obstacles encountered in the 2024 elections. Tahir Mehdi attributed the current trend where independent candidates align with political parties' post-election to the precedents set in 1985,
313:
The elections resulted in a victory for the PML-Q, a party established shortly before the elections, consisting of politicians primarily drawn from traditional political parties such as the PPP and PML-N. To further control the political landscape, the
Musharraf-led government introduced the
114:
A notable strategy, the
Larkana plan, involved setting up a special election cell within the federal ministry to influence election outcomes, collaborating with district administrations for this purpose. This led to accusations of systematic rigging. The opposition, consolidated under the
410:
The 2024 elections happened amidst allegations of pre-poll rigging by the military establishment in favour of the coalition led by Nawaz Sharif's PML-N. It was also dubbed as the most rigged election in the history of
Pakistan with social media users calling it the "generals' elections".
355:
referred to
Musharraf's decision to hold a referendum as inappropriate and urged citizens to boycott the vote. In response, the voting age was lowered from 21 to 18 and the number of polling stations significantly increased, whilst ID cards were not required for people to cast a vote.
103:, maintaining some aspects of the prior military regime, called for elections for the national and provincial assemblies on 7 and 10 March 1977, respectively. These elections were marred by allegations of manipulation, including the dissolution and replacement of the governments in
385:, calling the general elections the most "fairest" in the country's history, the opposition allege that the election was rigged in favour of the PTI. This is due to the fact that the Result Transmission System suddenly failed, allegedly to rig it in favour of the PTI.
130:, was arrested before he could file his nomination, leading to Bhutto's uncontested victory. In the face of growing political unrest, the government's crackdown involved the arrest and detention of opposition candidates. The crisis escalated and it resulted in General
318:, imposing criteria that effectively disqualified the leadership of the PPP and the PML-N from participating in the elections. The administrative machinery, from the police to vote counters, was reportedly aligned with state interests, suggesting widespread rigging.
333:, a stipulation that excluded many potential candidates due to the educational standards in Pakistan. However, an exception was made for religious scholars, equating madrassah certificates with graduate degrees, thereby favoring the pro-Musharraf alliance called
310:, holding dual roles as Army Chief and President, conducted elections. The event was notable for the direct involvement of military influence in the electoral process, a contrast to previous instances of behind-the-scenes manipulation.
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238:. The court also highlighted the illegal distribution of Rs 140 million from the state treasury to opposition politicians by Younas Habib, aimed at preventing a PPP victory.
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56:
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156:'s coup, pledging elections within 90 days. These elections, notably partyless, barred political parties from fielding candidates due to a constitutional amendment.
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1118:
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Due to these malpractices, several PPP candidates for both the
National and Provincial Assemblies were declared winners unopposed. In a notable case,
920:
272:(PPP) saw its seats dramatically reduce from 89 to 18. The PPP's decline was influenced by factors including the assassination of Benazir's brother
1167:
891:
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168:
argued that the lack of party-based elections amounted to inherent pre-poll rigging, deepening societal divisions along feudal and caste lines.
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in 1958. The lack of enthusiasm regarding the outcome was highlighted by the pre-emptive publication of Ayub Khan's inaugural plans by
1265:
280:, and a crackdown on the PPP following the dismissal of Benazir Bhutto's government and subsequent actions against PPP affiliates.
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119:(PNA), faced obstacles as state resources and intelligence were allegedly used to skew results in favor of Bhutto and the PPP.
88:
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993:
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265:
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The 2018 elections were a turning point in Pakistan's political history, with the two dynastic parties, the PPP, and the
1460:
1455:
1334:
1328:
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1316:
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1304:
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The manipulation of the 1990 election can be traced back to the pre-1988 electoral landscape, with the formation of the
135:
108:
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1627:
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193:
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371:
269:
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shut down internet access nationwide. The PTI accused the body of suppressing its presence on social media.
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104:
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70:
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204:'s political influence. Despite being rapidly assembled, the IJI failed to secure a victory in the
123:
100:
1192:"US, UK, and EU call for probe into Pakistan elections over claims of 'irregularities and fraud'"
994:"Pakistan blocks X for the sixth day as activists criticize the social media platform's shutdown"
590:
438:
351:
The referendum was seen by many as a sham or fixed. Opposition parties including the PPP and the
322:
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that the 2024 elections were "a deep conspiracy against the supremacy of constitution and law".
522:
284:
227:
582:
482:
326:
307:
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75:
1217:"Balochistan Bar Council decides to provincial, country-wide & All parties conferences"
441:
stated that all Form 45s produced on social media as proof of fraud allegations were fake.
392:
for orchestrating their defeat, and protests accused the army of "terrorism", including in
17:
231:
94:
724:
697:
273:
201:
1734:
1646:
1119:"Outgoing Rawalpindi commissioner got US visa days before presser, claims journalist"
389:
292:
said the election met basic conditions but would not describe it as 'free and fair'.
164:
suggesting this practice undermined parliamentary democracy and electoral integrity.
34:
1144:"Pakistan bureaucrat 'accepts responsibility' for poll result manipulation, resigns"
1045:"Historic Turnout in Pakistan Is Swamping the Military's Effort to Rig the Election"
969:"Election-day internet shutdown in Pakistan is a reckless attack on people's rights"
1168:"U-Turn: Here's complete statement of ex-commissioner Rawalpindi Liaqat Ali Chatha"
261:
235:
165:
160:
486:
867:"Why Forms 45 and 47 are at the heart of Pakistan's election rigging controversy"
423:
811:
737:
523:"Electoral malpractices in Pakistan: Facts and events of political instability"
393:
382:
321:
Journalist Zarrar Khuhro described the elections as heavily manipulated, with
226:
recognized substantial evidence of rigging in the 1990 elections, implicating
183:
153:
131:
62:
197:
66:
1689:
921:"PTI-linked independents take Pakistan election lead as counting nears end"
192:(IJI), a coalition of nine parties. This alliance, orchestrated by former
1283:
555:
47:, tasked with both administrative functions and drafting a constitution.
892:"The 'generals' elections' in Pakistan that turned against the military"
152:
The 1985 elections, initially slated for 1977, were postponed following
679:
594:
471:"Special issue: electoral fraud and manipulation in India and Pakistan"
127:
570:
329:. One controversial reform was the requirement for candidates to hold
1094:"PTI-backed candidates carrying fake form-45 to claim victory: PML-N"
838:"'Election engineering': Is Pakistan's February vote already rigged?"
1191:
1069:
1019:
660:
586:
211:
By 1990, the IJI had strengthened its position, with its chairman,
945:"Pakistan Supreme Court Strips Imran Khan's Party of 'Bat' Symbol"
521:
Asif, Muhammad; Khan, Tariq Anwar; Khan, Muhammad Fahim (2021).
1254:
1683:
1246:
Electoral Malpractices: During the 2008 Elections in Pakistan
276:, allegations of corruption against Benazir Bhutto's husband
79:, several days before the official vote count was confirmed.
571:"The March 1977 Elections in Pakistan: Where Everyone Lost"
725:
Pakistan’s sham referendum endorses Musharraf as president
426:, forcing its members to run as 'independent' candidates.
661:"Ranking the 5 'dirtiest' elections in Pakistan history"
1707:
69:'s first popular vote following the suspension of the
1714:
to it so that it can be listed with similar articles.
444:
On 17 February, Commissioner of Rawalpindi Division,
469:
Martin, Nicolas; Picherit, David (January 2, 2020).
422:
banned the usage of the PTI's electoral symbol, the
306:
In 2002, Pakistan's political dynamics shifted when
219:
for the elections, aiming to influence the outcome.
1610:
1584:
1421:
1295:
787:"Elections 2018: Project PTI executed successfully"
812:"Viewpoint: Pakistan's dirtiest election in years"
99:The 1977 elections are widely regarded as rigged.
763:"Imran Khan claims victory in Pakistan elections"
374:no longer winning the general election, with the
337:and introducing a bias in candidate eligibility.
57:1960 Pakistani presidential confidence referendum
1070:"MQM-P claims 'victory' on 18 NA seats in Sindh"
1266:
8:
1273:
1259:
1251:
264:won the election, securing 137 out of 217
39:
738:"Imran Khan claims Pakistan election win"
659:Majeed, Zohaib Ahmed (February 7, 2024).
527:Pakistan Journal of International Affairs
516:
396:, not far from the army's headquarters.
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475:Commonwealth & Comparative Politics
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61:On February 14, 1960, Pakistan held a
1289:Elections and referendums in Pakistan
902:from the original on 10 February 2024
720:
718:
680:"Who rigs polls in Pakistan and how?"
7:
848:from the original on 15 January 2024
431:Pakistan Telecommunication Authority
217:caretaker prime minister of Pakistan
1018:Mehboob, Ahmed Bilal (2024-02-17).
134:deposing the elected government on
38:
1699:needs additional or more specific
241:The Supreme Court's ruling in the
200:, aimed to counter prime minister
25:
1688:
1282:
1068:Azfar-ul-Ashfaque (2024-02-09).
554:. February 29, 1960 – via
45:Constituent Assembly of Pakistan
678:Mufti, Mariam (June 19, 2018).
416:Election Commission of Pakistan
406:2024 Pakistani general election
400:2024 Pakistani general election
366:2018 Pakistani general election
360:2018 Pakistani general election
302:2002 Pakistani general election
296:2002 Pakistani general election
256:1997 Pakistani general election
250:1997 Pakistani general election
178:1990 Pakistani general election
172:1990 Pakistani general election
148:1985 Pakistani general election
142:1985 Pakistani general election
89:1977 Pakistani general election
83:1977 Pakistani general election
268:seats, while Benazir Bhutto's
111:with PPP-led administrations.
1:
487:10.1080/14662043.2020.1700016
316:Political Parties Order, 2002
266:National Assembly of Pakistan
1244:Khan, Iffat Humayun (2011).
109:North-West Frontier Province
1741:Electoral fraud in Pakistan
1020:"Delay in election results"
548:"PAKISTAN: 95.6% Love Ayub"
414:Prior to the election, the
388:PML-N supporters blame the
381:Despite the PTI's chairman
40:پاکستان میں انتخابی دھاندلی
31:Electoral fraud in Pakistan
27:Electoral fraud in Pakistan
18:Electoral fraud in Pakistan
1757:
403:
378:taking most of the seats.
363:
344:
299:
253:
181:
175:
145:
138:and imposing martial law.
117:Pakistan National Alliance
92:
86:
54:
1641:
1043:Grim, Ryan (2024-02-09).
702:Inter-Parliamentary Union
420:Supreme Court of Pakistan
347:2002 Pakistani referendum
341:2002 Pakistani referendum
283:Journalist and historian
224:Supreme Court of Pakistan
126:, Bhutto's challenger in
51:1960 Pakistani referendum
698:"ELECTIONS HELD IN 1997"
569:Weinbaum, M. G. (1977).
1651:See also: Elections in
727:World Socialist Website
335:Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal
290:Commonwealth of Nations
270:Pakistan People's Party
190:Islami Jamhoori Ittehad
353:Pakistan Muslim League
65:, which was President
1123:Daily Pakistan Global
973:Amnesty International
489:– via CrossRef.
429:On election day, the
182:Further information:
1422:Provincial elections
213:Ghulam Mustafa Jatoi
71:parliamentary system
767:amp.theguardian.com
446:Liaquat Ali Chattha
124:Jan Mohammad Abbasi
101:Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
871:The Indian Express
597:– via JSTOR.
439:Marriyum Aurangzeb
323:disenfranchisement
159:Observers such as
67:Muhammad Ayub Khan
1729:
1728:
1712:adding categories
1681:
1680:
1297:General elections
1221:Daily Independent
285:Nadeem F. Paracha
228:Ghulam Ishaq Khan
215:, serving as the
16:(Redirected from
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331:graduate degrees
327:electoral reform
308:Pervez Musharraf
278:Asif Ali Zardari
243:Asghar Khan case
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1239:Further reading
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95:Nizam-e-Mustafa
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898:. 2024-02-09.
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581:(7): 599–618.
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418:(ECP) and the
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345:Main article:
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300:Main article:
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274:Murtaza Bhutto
254:Main article:
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206:1988 elections
202:Benazir Bhutto
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424:cricket bat
136:5 July 1977
105:Balochistan
1701:categories
1227:2024-02-22
1202:2024-02-11
1177:2024-02-22
1172:www.geo.tv
1153:2024-02-17
1129:2024-02-17
1104:2024-02-17
1098:The Nation
1079:2024-02-16
1054:2024-02-17
1029:2024-02-17
1004:2024-02-22
979:2024-02-17
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930:2024-02-11
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852:2024-02-13
842:Al Jazeera
822:2024-02-11
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456:References
394:Rawalpindi
383:Imran Khan
184:Mehrangate
154:Zia-ul-Haq
132:Zia-ul-Haq
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896:France 24
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198:Hamid Gul
1735:Category
1708:help out
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1024:DAWN.COM
900:Archived
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595:2643408
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1668:Punjab
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