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233:-like figure in Mesopotamian mythology known for surviving a great flood sent by the gods and being granted immortality. Gilgamesh is directed by Utnapishtim to find a plant at the bottom of the sea, but he loses it to a serpent before he can use it himself. This legend is an archaic explanation for snakes shedding their skin, seen as mystical rejuvenation.
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is
Persian and means "water of life". "Chashma-i-Kausar" (not "hasma") is the "Fountain of Bounty", which Muslims believe to be located in Paradise. As for the Indian names, "Amrit Ras" means "immortality juice", "Maha Ras" means "great juice", and "Soma Ras" means "juice of Soma". Later, Soma came
415:
It is also possible that the alchemy of medicine and immortality came to China from India, or vice versa; in any case, for both cultures, gold-making appears to have been a minor concern, and medicine the major concern. But the elixir of immortality was of little importance in India (which had other
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527:). However, the person entrusted with carrying the pails down to Earth gets tired and takes a break, and a serpent bathes in the water of life, rendering it unusable. This is said to be why serpents can rejuvenate themselves each year by shedding their skin while men are doomed to die.
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312:(c. 581 – c. 682 AD), a famous medical specialist respectfully called "King of Medicine" by later generations, discusses in detail the creation of elixirs for immortality (including several toxic ingredients such as
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was considered particularly potent, as it was a non-tarnishing precious metal; the idea of potable or drinkable gold is found in China by the end of the third century BC. The most famous
Chinese alchemical book,
412:, about the same time it is encountered in China and in the West. Evidence of the idea of transmuting base metals to gold appears in 2nd- to 5th-century AD Buddhist texts, about the same time as in the West.
565:"). "But whoever drinks the water I give him will never thirst. Indeed, the water I give him will become in him a spring of water welling up to eternal life." (John 4:14) The
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was not used until the 7th century A.D. and derives from the Arabic name for miracle substances, "al iksir". Some view it as a metaphor for the spirit of God (
280:, but returned without finding it. He embarked on a second voyage with 3000 young girls and boys, but none of them ever returned (legend has it that he found
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to mean the Moon. "Ras" later came to mean "sacred mood experienced listening to poetry or music"; there are altogether nine of them.
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The
Relationship Between Technology and Natural Philosophy, Ca. 1250-1650 as Illustrated by the Technology of the Mineral Acids
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avenues to immortality). The Indian elixirs were mineral remedies for specific diseases or, at the most, to promote long life.
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The Elixir has had hundreds of names (one scholar of
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died from ingesting a lethal dosage of mercury in the supposed "Elixir of Life" conjured by alchemists.
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Mercury, which was so vital to alchemy everywhere, is first mentioned in the 4th- to 3rd-century BC
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Many of these substances, far from contributing to longevity, were actively toxic and resulted in
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The elixir of life has been an inspiration, plot feature, or subject of artistic works including
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to the eastern seas with 500 young men and 500 young women to find the elixir in the legendary
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Many rulers of ancient China sought the fabled elixir to achieve eternal life. During the
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The ancient
Chinese believed that ingesting long-lasting mineral substances such as
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Alchemical potion that grants immunity, eternal youth and immortality to its drinker
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comes to fear his own declining years following the death of his beloved companion
921:. Routledge Library of Modern China. Published by Taylor & Francis, (2006).
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942:. Shanghai, Commercial Press, 1928. rpt. New York: Arno Press, 1974. page 63
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Japanese
Prehistory: The Material and Spiritual Culture of the Jōmon Period
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in various ages and cultures sought the means of formulating the elixir.
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tradition, the elixir of life is closely related to the creation of the
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would confer some of that longevity on the person who consumed them.
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308:("Essential Formulas of Alchemical Classics") attributed to
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Medieval
Science, Technology And Medicine: An Encyclopedia
405:, so that they may retrieve amrita to empower themselves.
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Naam or Word, Book Three: Amrit, Nectar or Water of Life
509:. Similarities have been noted with a folktale from the
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An early mention of an elixir of life is found in the
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1127:, second novel in the trilogy by Richard Anderson no
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60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
505:are said to be in the possession of the moon god
1957:Suspicions about the Hidden Realities of the Air
397:, both power-seeking races, the preserver deity
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1734:Book of the Silvery Water and the Starry Earth
573:adopted the name for their "liquid gold": the
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609:in Tibet, close to the source of the Ganges.
8:
1365:pseudo-Apollonius of Tyana (Balīnūs/Balīnās)
989:. Diamond Pocket Books (P) Ltd. p. 25.
381:, the elixir of life, has been described in
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1481:John of Rupescissa (Jean de Roquetaillade)
1222:
1201:
1187:
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1169:. Cambridge at the University Press, 1976.
1769:Chymical Wedding of Christian Rosenkreutz
1040:. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 133.
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
1103:"ĀB ii. Water in Muslim Iranian culture"
674:Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone
240:
1125:Heart of the Earth: The Elixir of Earth
951:Glick, T.F., Livesey, S.J., Wallis, F.
886:
1557:George Starkey (Eirenaeus Philalethes)
217:(from the 2nd millennium BC) in which
1637:Thomas Vaughan (Eugenius Philalethes)
710:Professor Layton and the Eternal Diva
473:speaks of gold as an elixir of life.
7:
523:), and serpents the water of death (
144:, brewing the elixir of life on the
58:adding citations to reliable sources
1788:De consideratione quintae essentiae
857:Chinese alchemical elixir poisoning
329:Chinese alchemical elixir poisoning
180:that supposedly grants the drinker
25:
1158:Science and Civilisation in China
2229:Mythological medicines and drugs
2183:
2182:
1755:Buch der heiligen Dreifaltigkeit
966:"Tan chin yao chueh – occultism"
619:Alchemy in art and entertainment
389:, that due to the defeat of the
34:
1722:Liber de compositione alchemiae
1446:(pseudo-)Arnaldus de Villa Nova
1405:pseudo-Khālid ibn Yazīd (Calid)
1253:Hermes Trismegistus (legendary)
1174:The Interpretation of Knowledge
895:"The Epic of Gilgamesh: Enkidu"
45:needs additional citations for
1971:Twelve Keys of Basil Valentine
725:and the series of video games
1:
2038:Theatrum chemicum Britannicum
1111:. Retrieved 12 February 2012.
1071:月と不死 [Tsuki to fushi]
653:, the science fiction series
1172:Turner, John D. (transl.).
1155:, Ping-Yu Ho, Gwei-Djen Lu.
557:, Jesus's reference to "the
2010:Deutsches Theatrum Chemicum
1996:Bibliotheca chemica curiosa
719:franchise, the horror film
698:Hell's Paradise: Jigokuraku
499:
248:'s first expedition to the
2255:
1889:Rosary of the Philosophers
1875:Papyrus Graecus Holmiensis
1814:Liber Hermetis de alchemia
1016:. University of California
983:Chaturvedi, B. K. (2006).
940:A Study of Chinese Alchemy
815:Jintan (Japanese medicine)
747:Aether (classical element)
616:
547:, and Soma Ras. The word
519:
487:, 'waters of rejuvenation'
435:
2178:
1552:pseudo-Bernard of Treviso
1385:Ibn Umayl (Senior Zadith)
1355:Abū Bakr al-Rāzī (Rhazes)
650:John Dough and the Cherub
601:, the "mind lake" is the
491:
1400:Jābir ibn Ḥayyān (Geber)
1233:Agathodaemon (legendary)
955:. Routledge, 2005. p. 20
635:, musical compositions,
1592:Jan Baptist van Helmont
1332:Stephanus of Alexandria
1131:Al-Khidr, The Green Man
1010:Multhauf, R.P. (1953).
403:churn the ocean of milk
1425:al-Zahrāwī (Abulcasis)
1034:Nelly Naumann (2000).
835:Peaches of Immortality
481:In the 8th century AD
450:
375:
257:
250:Mount of the immortals
167:
161:
148:
2209:Alchemical substances
1861:Nabataean Agriculture
1748:Books of the Balances
1597:Johann Rudolf Glauber
1567:Giovanni da Correggio
1108:Encyclopaedia Iranica
938:Johnson, Obed Simon.
445:
354:, the female form of
350:
244:
174:elixir of immortality
135:
18:Elixir of immortality
2239:Supernatural legends
2106:In art/entertainment
1516:(pseudo-)Roger Bacon
1278:Zosimos of Panopolis
1273:Paphnutia the Virgin
1160:, Volume V, Part III
1074:(in Japanese). 平凡社.
919:The Chinese Overseas
643:. Some examples are
585:, or water of life.
393:at the hands of the
54:improve this article
2126:Philosophers' stone
2121:Pill of Immortality
2017:Fasciculus chemicus
1964:Turba philosophorum
1882:Physika kai mystika
1612:Michael Sendivogius
1491:pseudo-Michael Scot
1327:pseudo-Olympiodorus
1268:Ostanes (legendary)
852:Pill of Immortality
840:Philosopher's stone
692:Fullmetal Alchemist
545:Philosopher's stone
459:philosopher's stone
438:Philosopher's stone
401:asked the devas to
209:Ancient Mesopotamia
2024:Musaeum Hermeticum
1950:Summa perfectionis
1929:(pseudo-Aristotle)
1919:Secret of Creation
1868:Ordinal of Alchemy
1511:pseudo-Ramon Llull
1415:Maslama al-Qurṭubī
1165:2014-11-27 at the
1141:2020-02-14 at the
1136:Alchemy and Daoism
742:Aether (mythology)
722:As Above, So Below
701:, the light novel
613:In popular culture
451:
447:Dell' elixir vitae
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258:
172:), also known as
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2196:
2195:
2054:
2053:
2031:Theatrum chemicum
1847:Mirror of Alchimy
1799:Tabula Smaragdina
1776:Clavis sapientiae
1715:Aurora consurgens
1686:
1685:
1622:Pierre-Jean Fabre
1572:Heinrich Khunrath
1486:Magister Salernus
1461:Guido di Montanor
1248:pseudo-Democritus
1210:Alchemy (general)
1101:I. K. Poonawala.
1047:978-3-447-04329-8
996:978-81-7182-673-5
790:Fountain of Youth
779:Death Becomes Her
686:The Puppet Master
661:Natalie Babbitt's
254:Utagawa Kuniyoshi
215:Epic of Gilgamesh
194:cure all diseases
192:was also said to
142:Chinese mythology
136:The mythological
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
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2234:Medieval legends
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2185:
1900:Step of the Sage
1840:Mappae clavicula
1807:Leyden papyrus X
1708:Atalanta fugiens
1697:
1678:Mary Anne Atwood
1663:Eugène Canseliet
1542:Andreas Libavius
1521:Taddeo Alderotti
1296:Fang (alchemist)
1243:pseudo-Cleopatra
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716:Professor Layton
665:Tuck Everlasting
563:Fountain of Life
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383:Hindu scriptures
278:Penglai Mountain
225:. He seeks out
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69:"Elixir of life"
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2224:Longevity myths
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2169:Suns in alchemy
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1976:
1915:Sirr al-khalīqa
1896:Rutbat al-ḥakīm
1780:Miftāḥ al-ḥikma
1682:
1668:Frater Albertus
1646:
1642:Wilhelm Homberg
1547:Basil Valentine
1530:
1501:Paul of Taranto
1466:Hugh of Evesham
1441:pseudo-Albertus
1429:
1375:pseudo-Avicenna
1341:
1315:
1288:Ancient Chinese
1282:
1258:Mary the Jewess
1212:
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1167:Wayback Machine
1153:Needham, Joseph
1143:Wayback Machine
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645:L. Frank Baum's
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539:, Amrit Ras or
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71: –
70:
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65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
2188:All articles
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2029:
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2015:
2008:
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1994:
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1981:Compilations
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1962:
1955:
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1826:Liber ignium
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1627:Robert Boyle
1582:Isaac Newton
1577:Hennig Brand
1562:Gerhard Dorn
1535:Early modern
1506:Petrus Bonus
1451:pseudo-Geber
1263:pseudo-Moses
1157:
1124:
1119:Bibliography
1106:
1097:
1085:. Retrieved
1070:
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1018:. Retrieved
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978:
969:
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947:
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918:
913:
902:. Retrieved
898:
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874:Rejuvenation
820:Magu (deity)
795:Golden apple
777:
731:and Sims 2.
726:
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714:
708:
707:, the movie
702:
696:
690:
689:, the manga
684:
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583:uisce beatha
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471:Michael Scot
469:. A work by
453:In European
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423:
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410:Arthashastra
407:
377:
366:without it.
337:Ming dynasty
326:
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286:
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182:eternal life
173:
160:
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64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
2214:Immortality
2111:Magnum opus
2081:Chrysopoeia
2003:De alchemia
1854:Mutus liber
1833:Liber lucis
1700:Major Works
1587:Jakob Böhme
1476:John Dastin
1420:al-Ṭughrāʾī
1306:Master Geng
1087:17 December
917:Liu, Hong.
810:Immortality
663:1975 novel
641:video games
594:Aab-i-Hayat
467:St. Germain
262:Qin dynasty
227:Utnapishtim
110:August 2024
2203:Categories
2156:Substances
2096:Homunculus
1762:Cantong Qi
1673:Fulcanelli
1617:Paracelsus
1410:al-Jildakī
1311:Wei Boyang
1218:Alchemists
1066:Masao, Oka
1020:2023-06-04
904:2022-12-27
899:SparkNotes
881:References
800:Holy Grail
764:and Nectar
656:Doctor Who
599:Mansarovar
561:" or "the
455:alchemical
372:Tamil Nadu
310:Sun Simiao
284:instead).
272:alchemist
198:Alchemists
138:White Hare
80:newspapers
2151:Processes
2116:Ouroboros
1937:(al-Rāzī)
1658:Carl Jung
1496:Ortolanus
1395:al-ʿIrāqī
1370:Artephius
1360:Alphidius
1320:Byzantine
625:animation
603:holy lake
577:name for
507:Tsukuyomi
484:Man'yōshū
385:. In the
368:Darasuram
322:arsenates
219:Gilgamesh
2146:Yliaster
1726:Morienus
1692:Writings
1602:John Dee
1337:Synesius
1163:Archived
1139:Archived
762:Ambrosia
757:Al Khidr
735:See also
704:Baccano!
667:and its
569:and the
525:sïnimizï
520:sïlimizï
500:ochimizu
426:Al Khidr
297:hematite
293:cinnabar
2165:Unicode
2161:Symbols
2086:Element
2071:Athanor
2066:Alembic
2059:Various
1301:Ge Hong
1068:(ed.).
845:Langgan
830:Panacea
713:of the
579:whiskey
387:Puranas
374:, India
335:in the
318:sulphur
314:mercury
204:History
188:. This
184:and/or
176:, is a
94:scholar
2141:Takwin
1651:Modern
1238:Chymes
1078:
1044:
993:
925:
869:Potion
862:Waidan
785:Elixir
768:Amrita
752:Ageing
639:, and
637:novels
629:comics
575:Gaelic
550:elixir
541:Amrita
516:Miyako
449:, 1624
432:Europe
399:Vishnu
395:asuras
379:Amrita
364:asuras
356:Vishnu
352:Mohini
331:. The
320:, and
270:Taoist
223:Enkidu
190:elixir
178:potion
163:elixir
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
2136:Rebis
2076:Azoth
825:Manna
805:Ichor
633:films
590:Kimia
571:Irish
567:Scots
537:Kimia
531:Names
477:Japan
391:devas
360:devas
343:India
295:, or
282:Japan
274:Xu Fu
268:sent
252:. By
246:Xu Fu
237:China
169:vitae
140:from
101:JSTOR
87:books
1089:2018
1076:ISBN
1042:ISBN
991:ISBN
923:ISBN
695:and
555:e.g.
465:and
424:See
301:Gold
289:jade
231:Noah
229:, a
151:The
146:Moon
73:news
1105:.
581:is
493:変若水
56:by
2205::
2167:,
968:.
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588:“
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489:(
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155:(
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117:(
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108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
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