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berries that measured least 5/8 inches. The bushes were then tagged, and later uprooted and grafted by
Coville. Of the 120 wild bushes they collected, only two met White and Coville's standards; from these they grew thousands of hybrid bushes, which they selectively bred to produce modern cultivated blueberries. In 1916, White and Coville successfully cultivated the first blueberry crop, selling it under the name Tru-Blu-Berries. White also came up with the idea to package blueberries in
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White became interested in cultivating and harvesting the wild blueberries that grew around her family's cranberry farm. She wanted to grow them in the land between the cranberry bogs in the summer months of June and July to avoid any conflict with the fall harvest of the cranberries. White contacted
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issued a report of child labor in the cranberry industry. As one third of the cranberry farms was harvested by J.J. White Inc., Elizabeth White wrote letters and spoke out against the report, defending her father's company and industry. The argument of NCLC investigators was that parents recruited
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Of the first hundred and twenty bushes, she and
Coville threw away a hundred and eighteen. From the remaining two, they eventually made thirty-five thousand cuttings. Of the resulting bushes, they threw away all but four, from which modern cultivated blueberries, in their numerous varieties, were
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after reading his publication, “Experiments in
Blueberry Culture." Coville was persuaded to help White after she offered her family farm's unused land for Coville to experiment. White was in charge of the land and finding wild blueberry bushes to cultivate while Coville provided scientific plant
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Multiple factors were considered in the process of selecting which wild blueberries to cultivate, including taste, color, shape, and how long it took to ripen. White recruited local woodsmen to aid her in finding bushes deemed fit, paying them one to three dollars for every bush they found with
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and acknowledged White's efforts as peacemaker. White also conceded that children missed school between the months of
September and October due to the harvest, and believed in an informal education for those who missed school due to this reason. White worked with the
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their children under the age of 14 to work ten-hour shifts. White argued and reported that children played in the clean air and would gladly work at the request of parents. The controversy continued for four years until the NCLC printed a retraction in
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After 1887 she worked in the bogs helping to supervise cranberry pickers at her father's farm. During the winters, White continued her education with courses in
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to provide babysitting services for younger children and informal educational and recreational programs for older ones.
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92:(October 5, 1871 – November 11, 1954) was a New Jersey agricultural specialist who collaborated with
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November 29, 2014. Radio Garden Club, Volume 6, Digest No. 50, New Brunswick, N.J
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112:. She was the oldest of four daughters of Quaker parents, Mary A. Fenwick and
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444:"IT HAPPENED HERE NEW JERSEY: Elizabeth White and the Blueberry Business"
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271:"Distinguished Women of Past and Present: Elizabeth Coleman White"
292:"How New Jersey Tamed The Wild Blueberry For Global Production"
368:"Elizabeth Coleman White: Blueberry Queen of the Jersey Pines"
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at Drexel
Institute of Art, Science and Industry (now
469:"The Delicious Origins of the Domesticated Blueberry"
313:"The Woman Who Cultivated a Billion-Dollar Industry"
572:(Digitized by the University of California Library)
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219:In 1910, a controversy arose when an agent of the
169:, on November 27, 1954, at the age of 83. She was
494:"The Blueberry: Born & Bred in New Jersey"
332:"The Blueberry: Born & Bred in New Jersey"
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542:Garden Club of New Jersey: Radio Garden Club
160:New Jersey Blueberry Cooperative Association
608:People from Pemberton Township, New Jersey
544:. Mutual Broadcasting. WOR. Archived from
96:to develop and commercialize a cultivated
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211:after seeing it used as a candy wrapper.
185:of Whitesbog in accordance to her will.
317:United States Department of Agriculture
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196:United States Department of Agriculture
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108:White was born on October 5, 1871, in
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221:National Child Labor Committee (NCLC)
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153:New Jersey Department of Agriculture
366:S, Author; Levins, y (2018-07-04).
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570:. New York: Orange Judd & Co.
533:White, Elizabeth (July 6, 1937).
633:Deaths from cancer in New Jersey
440:New Jersey Historical Commission
177:. Her ashes were distributed by
158:In 1927 she helped organize the
330:Knackmuhs, Ginny (2014-11-13).
116:. Elizabeth graduated from the
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583:Whitesbog Preservation Trust
231:Women's Home Mission Council
250:"Elizabeth Coleman White".
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564:White, Joseph J. (2009) .
467:Minick, Jim (2016-06-29).
175:Ewing Township, New Jersey
628:Pine Barrens (New Jersey)
422:Farrar, Straus and Giroux
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618:American women botanists
165:White died of cancer in
94:Frederick Vernon Coville
252:Burlington County Times
215:Child labor controversy
118:Friends' Central School
90:Elizabeth Coleman White
20:Elizabeth Coleman White
173:at Ewing Crematory in
110:New Lisbon, New Jersey
42:New Lisbon, New Jersey
501:gardenstatelegacy.com
339:GardenStateLegacy.com
297:National Public Radio
273:. Distinguished Women
189:Blueberry Cultivation
167:Whitesbog, New Jersey
60:Whitesbog, New Jersey
535:"Taming Blueberries"
510:on November 13, 2014
114:Joseph Josiah White
72:Joseph Josiah White
623:American botanists
492:Knackmuhs, Ginny.
396:has generic name (
311:Parrott, Charles.
567:Cranberry Culture
300:. August 4, 2015.
226:The Trenton Times
200:Frederick Coville
149:Drexel University
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54:(1954-11-11)
603:1954 deaths
598:1871 births
473:JSTOR Daily
203:knowledge.
141:dressmaking
137:photography
128:, in 1887.
592:Categories
478:2020-10-08
427:developed.
377:2020-10-07
352:2020-10-07
277:2008-03-20
237:References
209:cellophane
183:headwaters
198:botanist
181:over the
145:millinery
133:first aid
104:Biography
98:blueberry
77:Relatives
67:Parent(s)
414:(1968).
386:cite web
179:airplane
171:cremated
514:May 6,
143:, and
549:(PDF)
538:(PDF)
508:(PDF)
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557:2014
516:2015
398:help
49:Died
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