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569:"So much of me went into my work that I suppose I was easily swept along on a tide of glamour and welcome frivolity. Perhaps I had a desire just to drift for once, not to struggle. It was pleasant to imagine that all would turn out well, and after fifteen months' risking my life at the Front, marriage seemed a comparatively small risk to take. I did want someone to take some of the burden off my shoulders and thought how good it would be for Kenneth to have a father. After a lightning honeymoon we hardly saw one another again. I was too busy at Pervyse, and my husband had to return to his squadron".
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By 1919, Knocker's marriage to the Baron had unraveled when both he and the Roman
Catholic Church discovered the truth about her previous marriage. For Chisholm, this deception ended their friendship. The two barely spoke again. As part of the settlement Knocker was allowed to remain a Baroness in
388:
Being a divorcee/widow and single mother, however, hardly kept
Knocker away from her passions. She became an ardent amateur motorbike enthusiast and when riding wore a dark green leather skirt and long leather coat buttoned all the way down with a belt "to keep it all together" designed by
532:
Post"), the two would spend the next three and a half years aiding the wounded in the
Belgian sector. Knocker gave most of the medical attention, while Chisholm transported the injured, often in terrible conditions and under fire, to a base hospital 15 miles away.
340:
on 29 June 1884, the youngest of five children to Dr. Thomas Lewis and
Charlotte Shapter (née Bayly). During her childhood she picked up the nickname, "Elsie". She was orphaned at an early age. Her mother died when she was four years old and her father died from
509:, where the women worked tirelessly picking up wounded soldiers mid-way from the front and bringing them back to their field hospital at the rear. Knocker and Chisholm soon realised they could save more lives by treating the wounded directly on the front lines.
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Knocker and
Chisholm were engaged in multiple battlefield rescues, even carrying fallen men on their backs to their first-aid station. After she and Chisholm rescued a wounded German pilot in
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In
January 1916, Knocker was married again, to Baron Harold de T'Serclaes, a pilot in Belgian Flying Corps, and a devout Roman Catholic. The newly formed Baroness wrote of her marriage:
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544:. Through sheer perseverance Knocker was able to arrange for the two of them to be officially seconded to the Belgian garrison stationed there. Equipped with cameras, both women
369:, she married Leslie Duke Knocker in 1906, with whom she had a son, Kenneth Duke, a year later. But the marriage failed and, soon after she was divorced, she began training as a
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847:
In
November 2014, a statue of Knocker and Mairi Chisholm was unveiled in the garden of the Hotel Ariane in Ypres, Belgium. In November 2017 Knocker was recognised with a
686:, from approximately 1926 until her death. There she had a detached house on the edge of the estate, reached by a flight of steps from Park Lane, and called ‘Pervyse’.
540:, they were forced to raise their own funds. With donations they arranged for the cellar to be reinforced with concrete and had a steel door fitted, supplied by
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during the German offensive in March 1918 and had to return home. Both saw out the rest of the war in
Britain as members of the newly formed
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and was always accompanied by three or four of them. She was greatly concerned about the welfare of both animals and the conservation of
1016:
The Cellar-House of
Pervyse : A Tale of Uncommon Things from the Journals and Letters of the Baroness T'Serclaes and Mairi Chisholm
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397:" because of her love of the open road and membership of the Gypsy Motorcycle Club. She possessed a number of motorbikes including a
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310:
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The Cellar-house of
Pervyse: A Tale of Uncommon Things from the Journals and Letters of the Baroness T'Serclaes and Mairi Chisholm
1913:
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659:. She left the RAF in October 1942 following her son's death and because she needed to look after her elderly foster-father.
437:, and spoke both French and German. This meant that Knocker had to cancel a "ladies stiff reliability trial" with "plenty of
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where the corps was initially quartered) Knocker was witness to the aftermath of a massacre when she came across 26 Belgian
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where she could often be seen walking her pets, "flamboyantly dressed with large earrings and a voluminous dark cloak".
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In January 1915, they were rewarded for their courageous work on the front lines when they were both decorated by
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Knocker and Chisholm pose in the ruins of a church in Pervyse, Belgium for "Illustrated War News", 22 April 1917
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she was able to convince Munro to accept Knocker as well, as she had some training as a nurse, was an excellent
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Vanleene, Patrick. Op Naar de Grote Oorlog. Mairi, Elsie en de anderen in Flanders Fields. De Klaproos (2001)
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In the early evening of 25 September 1914, Knocker, Chisholm and the other volunteers (which included
421:, that there was "work to be done", and suggested they go to London to become dispatch riders for the
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Vanleene, Patrick. Fearless: Dorothie Feilding's War, 1914–1917. Academia Press (forthcoming 2015).
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1514:"Campaign medal card of Elizabeth Knocker, now Baroness de T'Serclaes, British Red Cross Society"
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1051:
Crossing No Man's Land: Gender Confusion and Genre Disruption in British Women's War Narratives
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As word spread of their deeds they began to receive visits from journalists, photographers and
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Dressing up for War: Transformations of Gender and Genre in the Discourse and Literature of Wa
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636:(WAAF) as an Aircraftwoman 2nd class, becoming an officer in February 1940. Working with
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When war was declared in 1914, Knocker wrote to her friend and fellow motorcycle fanatic,
79:
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453:"This time tomorrow night I shall be in Belgium… in the midst of all the terrors of war."
1009:
Lady Under Fire on the Western Front: The Great War Letters of Lady Dorothie Feilding MM
1615:
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Mitton, Geraldine Edith; T'Serclaes, Elsie Shapter Knocker and Chisholm, Mairi (1917).
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528:. Here, in a vacant cellar which they named the "Poste de Secours Anglais" ("British
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two years later. She was subsequently adopted by Lewis Edward Upcott, a teacher at
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Elizabeth Blackall Shapter; 29 July 1884 – 26 April 1978) was a British nurse and
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After the Second World War, the Baroness participated in raising funds for the
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holds Knocker's diaries along with recordings and transcripts of interviews.
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countryside. The day before she was due to ship out she wrote in her diary:
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1750:(1916) by Arthur Gleason & Helen Hayes Gleason at greatwardifferent.com
595:"She had an irresistible inclination towards the greatest possible danger."
213:" by the press, the two were among the most photographed women of the war.
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603:, becoming among the most photographed women of the war. Both women were
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Knocker and Chisholm on the cover of "Home Chat" magazine, 11 April 1918
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Elsie And Mairi Go To War: Two Extraordinary Women On The Western Front
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Elsie and Mairi Go to War: Two Extraordinary Women on the Western Front
1002:
Elsie and Mairi Go to War: Two Extraordinary Women on the Western Front
679:
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Kenneth Duke Knocker, who was killed when his plane was shot down over
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370:
251: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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1765:
Women and War: A Historical Encyclopedia from Antiquity to the Present
1014:
Mitton, Geraldine Edith, T'Sercles, Baroness Elsie, Chisholm, Mairi.
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In November, the two decided to leave the corps and set up their own
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349:, and his wife Emily who sent her to be educated at St. Nicholas's,
1546:"Medals awarded to Baroness T'Serclaes, British Red Cross Society"
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In 1939, at the outbreak of World War II, the Baroness joined the
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not only each other but also much of the suffering around them.
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with a sidecar which would travel with her to the Western Front.
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Leatherhead and District Local History Society. pp 204-205.
353:, and then at the exclusive Château Lutry in Switzerland.
1488:"London Gazette, Supplement 19 November 1917, page 11961"
651:
Tragedy struck on 3 July 1942 with the death of her son,
381:, Knocker invented the myth that her husband had died in
205:
and for saving the lives of thousands of soldiers on the
1747:
How War Seems to a Woman'; Excerpt from: The Golden Lads
1616:"Blue plaque for Exeter's nursing 'angel' Elsie Knocker"
1434:, leatherheadlocalhistory.org.uk. Accessed 23 July 2023.
1250:
Suffrage Discourse in Britain During the First World War
1758:(1918) by Helen Fraser; Chapter IV. at LexCycle Library
1415:"World War One: The great and the good who were spared"
1394:"London Gazette, Supplement 3 November 1942, page 4759"
1738:(1916) by Arthur Gleason & Helen Hayes Gleason at
1275:"London Gazette, Supplement 9 February 1940, page 790"
1147:
T'Serclaes, Baroness Elizabeth Blackall de (1884–1978)
1326:"London Gazette, Supplement 27 March 1942, page 1398"
1219:
Usandizaga, Aránzazu and Monnickendam, Andrew (2001)
593:
Fellow corps volunteer May Sinclair said of Knocker:
470:) followed Dr. Munro down the gang-plank of the S.S.
1350:"London Gazette, Supplement 1 January 1943, page 52"
377:. Since being divorced was a status frowned upon in
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driver in World War I who, together with her friend
1070:
The Imperial War Museum Book of the First World War
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23:
1806:The Nurses Story: Tending the Wounded at the Front
425:. When Chisholm was chosen to join Hector Munro's
1467:"Edinburgh Gazette, 28 October 1927, page 1204"
1145:Condell, Diana and Liddiard, Jean (Sept 2004).
501:At the end of October, the corps relocated to
16:British nurse and ambulance driver (1884–1978)
1540:
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725:Officer of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem
588:Most Venerable Order of St. John of Jerusalem
8:
948:Knocker and Chisholm outside their advanced
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851:on the house where she was born in Exeter.
810:Knight of the Order of Léopold II with palm
787:, with oakleaf for a mention in dispatches
31:
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1443:Kelly’s Directory, Leatherhead UDC, 1950.
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311:Learn how and when to remove this message
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984:Alexander Cambridge, 1st Earl of Athlone
868:Knocker and Chisholm in their converted
1598:"Fitting Tribute to WWI nursing angels"
1174:, bbc.co.uk. Accessed 20 December 2022.
1041:
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700:On 26 April 1978, she died, aged 93 of
494:who had been shot and mutilated by the
1839:Women at War: The Two Women of Pervyse
1344:
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920:is the insignia of the Belgian Army's
1672:Elsie Knocker, Baroness de T’Serclaes
363:Emily Jackson Children's Hip Hospital
188:
7:
1223:. Amsterdam; New York, Rodopi, p. 7.
1162:, iwm.org.uk. Accessed 23 July 2023.
872:Ambulance, Pervyse, Belgium, c. 1916
582:both women were awarded the British
249:adding citations to reliable sources
209:in Belgium. Dubbed "The Madonnas of
1578:from the original on 10 August 2013
912:Chisholm and Knocker display their
896:Chisholm and Knocker wearing their
357:Hospital service and first marriage
1899:Knights of the Order of Leopold II
1382:Commonwealth War Graves Commission
1011:. Pen & Sword Military. (2010)
524:, just one hundred yards from the
14:
689:Late in life, she began breeding
1879:Health professionals from Exeter
1864:Officers of the Order of St John
1859:Recipients of the Military Medal
1790:
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1574:. National Library of Scotland.
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586:, and were made Officers of the
516:five miles east in a town named
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37:One of "The Madonnas of Pervyse"
1712:Henry Sessions Souttar (1915).
1160:Imperial War Museum Collections
1055:University of Wisconsin–Madison
1021:T'Serclaes, Elsie Baroness de.
236:needs additional citations for
1570:National Library of Scotland.
536:No longer affiliated with the
155:Order of St. John of Jerusalem
1:
1660:Madonnas of the Western Front
1201:First World War Photographers
1007:Hallam, Andrew & Nicola.
644:in March 1942, and was twice
559:, Knights Cross (with palm).
482:. While visiting the town of
1904:Female nurses in World War I
1894:British women in World War I
1811:National Library of Scotland
1727:(1915) by Arthur Gleason at
1694:(2009) by Diane Atkinson at
505:in unoccupied Belgium, near
1789:(public domain audiobooks)
1702:The Cellar-House of Pervyse
952:, Pervyse, Belgium, c. 1918
900:. Pervyse, Belgium, c. 1917
708:. She had never remarried.
634:Women's Auxiliary Air Force
104:September 1914 – March 1918
1930:
1190:. A & C Black, London.
671:and the Benevolent Fund.
640:, she rose to the rank of
375:Queen Charlotte's Hospital
330:Elizabeth Blackall Shapter
201:, won numerous medals for
133:Queen Charlotte's Hospital
96:Château Lutry, Switzerland
47:Elizabeth Blackall Shapter
1247:Smith, Angela K. (2005).
1109:Flanders and Other Fields
1023:Flanders and Other Fields
161:
127:Children's Hip Hospital,
108:
30:
1762:Bernard A. Cook (2006).
1253:. Ashgate. p. 107.
1199:Carmichael, Jane (1990)
1135:. Cornerstone Publishing
1107:Knocker, Elsie (1964).
553:King Albert I of Belgium
1914:British military nurses
1828:Medals of Elsie Knocker
1724:Young Hilda at the Wars
1131:Atkinson, Diane (2009).
1068:Brown, Malcolm (1991).
798:Defence Medal 1939–1945
646:Mentioned in Despatches
613:Women's Royal Air Force
486:(8 miles south-west of
423:Women's Emergency Corps
393:. She earned the name "
385:, leaving her a widow.
1783:Works by Elsie Knocker
1300:, Vol. 1, Issue No. 5"
1172:History - Women at War
1074:Sidgwick & Jackson
1049:Albrinck, Meg (1999).
969:Lady Dorothie Feilding
712:Awards and decorations
574:War service, 1916–1918
464:Lady Dorothie Feilding
458:War service, 1914–1915
427:Flying Ambulance Corps
361:After training at the
172:Baroness de T'Serclaes
1889:Female wartime nurses
1518:The National Archives
1432:Ashtead War Memorials
1234:The Edinburgh Gazette
1004:. Cornerstone. (2009)
823:Queen Elisabeth Medal
563:Second marriage, 1916
137:Munro Ambulance Corps
1844:BFI National Archive
1817:The Women of Pervyse
1715:A Surgeon in Belgium
1678:Exeter Civic Society
1655:at Wikimedia Commons
1572:"Experiences of War"
1550:National Army Museum
1452:Studdard, J. (1995)
1076:. pp. 186–189.
1018:. A.C. Black. (1917)
441:" over 120 miles of
245:improve this article
1833:Imperial War Museum
1822:Imperial War Museum
1604:. 30 November 2014.
979:Albert I of Belgium
916:, medals. On their
914:Order of Léopold II
837:Imperial War Museum
785:War Medal 1939–1945
638:RAF Fighter Command
557:Order of Léopold II
472:Princess Clementine
347:Marlborough College
147:Order of Léopold II
1909:World War I nurses
1755:Women and War Work
1454:History of Ashtead
1372:, (22 August 1942)
492:military policemen
1775:978-1-85109-770-8
1651:Media related to
1624:. 4 November 2017
1260:978-0-7546-3951-0
1236:(27 October 1927)
1083:978-0-283-99946-8
1000:Atkinson, Diane.
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761:British War Medal
674:She lived in the
538:Belgian Red Cross
379:Edwardian England
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101:Years active
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1799:Digital archives
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1729:Internet Archive
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1421:. 20 March 2014.
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1306:on 13 March 2012
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1111:. Harrap, London
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1025:. Harrap. (1964)
950:dressing station
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260:"Elsie Knocker"
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1641:External links
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1057:. p. 160.
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1203:. Routledge;
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262: –
261:
257:
256:Find sources:
250:
246:
240:
239:
234:This section
232:
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223:
222:
216:
214:
212:
208:
207:Western Front
204:
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185:
178:
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168:Elsie Knocker
160:
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72:26 April 1978
71:
67:
62:
61:Exeter, Devon
45:
41:
34:
29:
25:Elsie Knocker
22:
19:
1838:
1827:
1816:
1805:
1768:. ABC-CLIO.
1764:
1754:
1746:
1734:
1723:
1718:. E. Arnold.
1714:
1701:
1690:
1671:
1666:The Scotsman
1659:
1626:. Retrieved
1619:
1610:
1601:
1592:
1580:. Retrieved
1565:
1553:. Retrieved
1549:
1521:. Retrieved
1517:
1491:. Retrieved
1482:
1470:. Retrieved
1461:
1453:
1448:
1439:
1427:
1409:
1397:. Retrieved
1388:
1377:
1369:
1365:
1353:. Retrieved
1329:. Retrieved
1320:
1310:30 September
1308:. Retrieved
1304:the original
1297:
1290:
1278:. Retrieved
1269:
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1220:
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1008:
1001:
995:Bibliography
974:May Sinclair
922:3rd Division
846:
834:
699:
688:
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666:
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631:
628:World War II
622:
598:
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566:
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546:photographed
535:
511:
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468:May Sinclair
461:
452:
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416:
405:solo, and a
387:
360:
343:tuberculosis
329:
327:
307:
298:
288:
281:
274:
267:
255:
243:Please help
238:verification
235:
171:
167:
166:
124:Institutions
109:
74:(1978-04-26)
57:29 June 1884
18:
1874:1978 deaths
1869:1884 births
1735:Golden Lads
1684:Online text
1555:16 December
1523:14 December
1493:16 December
1472:16 December
1399:17 December
1355:16 December
1331:17 December
1280:17 December
918:headscarves
849:blue plaque
624:name only.
520:, north of
413:World War I
1853:Categories
1705:(1917) at
1036:References
691:Chihuahuas
663:Later life
407:Chater-Lea
351:Folkestone
324:Early life
271:newspapers
116:Profession
93:Folkestone
53:1884-06-29
1370:The Times
924:, c. 1918
843:Memorials
749:1914 Star
702:pneumonia
657:Groningen
555:with the
530:First Aid
443:Hampshire
435:chauffeur
367:Sevenoaks
301:July 2023
217:Biography
195:ambulance
129:Sevenoaks
88:Education
82:, England
63:, England
1787:LibriVox
1628:7 August
1621:BBC News
1576:Archived
1419:BBC News
958:See also
870:Wolseley
821:Belgian
526:trenches
484:Nazareth
431:mechanic
170:, later
153:(1917),
149:(1915),
1842:at the
1831:at the
1820:at the
1582:13 June
855:Gallery
831:Diaries
680:Ashtead
542:Harrods
518:Pervyse
507:Dunkirk
496:Germans
403:Douglas
391:Dunhill
371:midwife
285:scholar
211:Pervyse
203:bravery
1772:
1674:(2017)
1662:(2009)
1257:
1207:
1080:
684:Surrey
611:; the
605:gassed
503:Furnes
476:Ostend
447:Dorset
334:Exeter
287:
280:
273:
266:
258:
157:(1918)
143:Awards
1676:from
1664:from
601:VIP's
522:Ypres
488:Ghent
399:Scott
395:Gypsy
338:Devon
292:JSTOR
278:books
182:
180:,
119:Nurse
1770:ISBN
1696:Kobo
1630:2019
1584:2014
1557:2017
1525:2017
1495:2017
1474:2017
1401:2017
1357:2017
1333:2017
1312:2010
1282:2017
1255:ISBN
1205:ISBN
1078:ISBN
835:The
704:and
466:and
445:and
433:and
401:, a
383:Java
264:news
184:OStJ
69:Died
43:Born
1809:at
1785:at
590:.
498:.
474:at
373:at
365:in
332:in
247:by
190:née
1855::
1618:.
1600:.
1548:.
1533:^
1516:.
1503:^
1417:.
1341:^
1179:^
1116:^
1092:^
1072:.
1053:.
682:,
648:.
615:.
478:,
336:,
177:MM
174:,
1778:.
1745:'
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1403:.
1359:.
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314:)
308:(
303:)
299:(
289:·
282:·
275:·
268:·
241:.
187:(
55:)
51:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
