701:
1541:
871:
682:
1327:
571:
266:
1008:
999:
990:
981:
53:
633:
533:
1635:
862:
1653:
1644:
797:(Rama VI) decided to abandon the coat of arms altogether and use the Garuda as his primary device. The King asked Phra Dhevabhinimit (a famous artist at the time) to design a new seal, using Prince Naris' drawing of the Garuda, but with an addition of an encirclement of the King's ceremonial name on the outer edge. In 1911 an Act on the Seals of State was passed establishing the Garuda seal as the principal seal "To be impressed for authentication of the King's signature on all important deeds and documents." From then on the Garuda seal named
1532:
1514:
844:
605:
1626:
778:
1120:
1523:
853:
392:
1106:
3967:
1714:
39:
1700:
3977:
1350:) became the national emblem of Siam (renamed Thailand in 1939). The Western-style coat of arms was created at the command of King Rama V. The king ordered his cousin Prince Pravij Jumsai to design the arms for him. The armorial emblem contains almost all the elements of a European coat of arms; however, all the components of the emblem are traditional Thai royal symbols. The emblem is called the
773:
to design a new seal featuring the Garuda. The Garuda as a symbol has been depicted in royal seals since the times of
Ayutthaya. The Prince drew a new seal, which was based on the old design, featuring the god Narayana mounted on the Garuda's back. This version of the seal was used only briefly, as
944:
King Rama VI was the first to regulate the use of the Garuda emblem by the government through legislation in 1911. The use of the Garuda emblem was further regulated in an Act on the Garuda Emblem in 1991. A penalty for the misuse and misrepresentation of the Garuda was set to; imprisonment of no
415:
were used in the authentication of official documents, especially on those sent out from the central administration to the provinces. They were usually made from carved blocks of ivory. In 1635 a law was passed, regulating the use of each seal for a specific purpose or on specific documents. For
932:
of almost all Thai government documents. The position of the king as the earthly personification of
Narayana is symbolised through the use of the Garuda. This symbolism also illustrates the belief that the government (as represented by the Garuda) is the vehicle (or instrument) of the king. The
1952:
After a legislative paper is signed by the King and countersigned by a competent authority, the seals are affixed to it by the officers of the
Cabinet Secretariat which acts as their Keeper. Following that, a copy is published in the Government Gazette, whilst the original paper is placed for
423:
remarked that the king's own authority was linked to that of his seal. In times of turmoil and dynastic conflict, exceptional importance was attached to the seals, as it was considered that the kingdom's power and authority laid with their custodian. These seals did not survive the
416:
example, one was used for the interior administration, one for foreign affairs, one for military affairs and one for dynastic affairs. The king entrusted a seal to an individual minister, with a "Master of the Seal", whose role it was to write and seal all documents on his behalf.
1493:
The coat of arms was restored in the time of the Luang
Phibunsongkhram and Sarit Thanarat military regimes (1948-â63) for use by the army and the police. It featured also on coins struck 1950-â57. At present, the coat of arms is still used as the cap-badge of the
764:
of Siam. However, the creation of the coat of arms did not entirely replace the old royal seals, for a law promulgated in 1890, stated that the Khrut Pha and the
Airaphot seals would continue to be used. In 1893 the King changed his mind and decided that the
1067:(āļāļĢāļēāļāļąāđāļāļŦāđāļēāļ) or store standing emblem, which is a large sculpture of the Garuda, on all of their business premises. Receiving a Royal warrant is considered a great honour and a mark of distinction for any Thai company.
828:, in which the Garuda took a prominent place. The standard would fly above various royal residences, signifying the king's presence there. The standard would also fly in front of the king's royal vehicles. In 1996 a
2250:
1365:
on a yellow field. This quadrant represents the Thai heartland, the three heads of the elephant represents its northern, central and southern regions. The lower left quadrant (dexter base) depicts a
326:. In these stories he is described as the most powerful of all the winged-creatures and as such is regarded as the king of all the birds. In Buddhist literature, the Garuda lives in the legendary
1437:
to the right. In front of them are the Royal fan and flywhisk (to the right and left, respectively). And finally on the compartment, a golden multi-layered royal seat, are the Royal slippers.
1070:
The Garuda sculpture depicts the beast adorned with a golden crown and regalia, wearing a robe of blue and green, with wings outstreched. Underneath the figure is a ribbon with the phrase "By
813:(and therefore was never bestowed with a regnal name), a seal for his reign was never carved, instead he used his grandfather's (those of King Rama V's) instead. The seal made for King
1957:. The three copies were then given to; the Cabinet Secretariat, the Secretariat of the House of Representatives and the Bureau of the Royal Household. (Chettha Thongying, 2010: 41â47).
1618:(āļāļąāļāļĢāļĩ) in Sanskrit means: 'The Wielder of the Discus'. The Chakra and Trisula according to tradition are the divine weapons of the gods Vishnu (or Narayana) and Shiva, respectively.
304:
half-man and half-bird creature. The Garuda is often depicted in art as having the head, beak, wings and talons of an eagle, while his torso is like that of a human man. In the book
3671:
3932:
964:(āļāļĢāļļāļāļĢāđāļē) or 'dancing Garuda' (wings displayed and elevated). However no law ever prescribed a specific design for use, as a result several designs are in use by various
933:
figure of the Garuda is also used as symbol of state property, and as such is displayed on government buildings, title deeds, boundary markers and in the uniforms of the
700:
3606:
1051:
Private entities such as businesses may be granted permission to use and display the Garuda emblem. Deserving firms, such those of good standing, could apply for a
1074:" (āđāļāļĒāđāļāđāļĢāļąāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļĄāļĢāļēāļāļēāļāļļāļāļēāļ). Previously a sculpture of the royal arms was displayed during the reign of King Rama V, these were replaced with the Garuda in 1911.
348:
intervened. Impressed with his abilities, Vishnu made the Garuda immortal and promised him a higher seat than that of his own. Henceforth, the Garuda became the '
953:
issued a guideline outlining the use of the emblem. The document recommended that the Garuda should be treated with respect as it is considered a sacred symbol.
3244:
2257:
880:
Drawn by Prince Naris in 1893. The seal depicts the Garuda, with wings outstretched, with
Narayana mounted on his back. This version was only used briefly.
3942:
170:
1553:
The coat of arms as a royal seal, encircled with the king's ceremonial name "āļŠāļĄāđāļāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļĄāļīāļāļāļĢāļĄāļŦāļēāļāļļāļŽāļēāļĨāļāļāļĢāļāđ āļāļāļīāļāļāļĢāđāļāļāļĒāļĄāļŦāļēāļĄāļāļļāļ āļāļĢāļ°āļāļļāļĨāļāļāļĄāđāļāļĨāđāļēāđāļāđāļēāļāļĢāļļāļāļŠāļĒāļēāļĄ"
2939:
2611:
965:
383:
was the incarnation of
Narayana. Thus, the god Narayana and the Garuda became the accepted symbol of divine and sacred kingship in ancient Thailand.
2844:
425:
3881:
3308:
3120:
2312:
2287:
1052:
950:
58:
1429:, with a rays of light emitting from the top. Besides the shield are two seven-tiered Royal umbrellas of state. Crossed behind the shield is the
316:), his left and right wings 150 yojanas each, his tail 60 yojanas long, his neck 30 yojanas, his beak 90 yojanas and his talons 12 yojanas each.
240:, and considered themselves the incarnation of the god Narayana. Thus, the Garuda came to symbolise the divine power and authority of the king.
3162:
836:(āđāļĢāļ·āļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļĩāđāļāļąāđāļāļāļēāļĢāļēāļĒāļāđāļāļĢāļāļŠāļļāļāļĢāļĢāļ; Narayana on his carrier) was launched, the bow of the barge depicts Narayana mounted on the back of a Garuda.
749:, meaning "Garuda, the vehicle (of Vishnu)," also used as the symbol of royalty. It adorns the banknote of thai currency - the Baht - as well.
395:
Cabinet
Secretary affixes the seals to the 2007 Constitution after it was signed by the King and countersigned by the Parliament Speaker, 2007.
3093:
4006:
2993:
1986:
1482:(Rajasiha). Kalahom was the department of the Military and the south, while Mahatthai was department of the civil service and the north. The
513:
2687:
2037:
3430:
3415:
2870:
1499:
334:
or supernatural. In the
Buddhist tradition the emphasis is put on the Garuda's deeds, which portray him as a righteous and merciful being.
2702:
2697:
2378:
2536:
2505:
2474:
2409:
3599:
2976:
2919:
1540:
592:(a mythical three-headed elephant), flanked by two five-tiered royal umbrellas. The Airavata according to myth is the vehicle of Indra.
2440:
3856:
3115:
2839:
2774:
1732:
1453:
3691:
3003:
2572:
1996:
419:
The importance of the seals were attested when another law provided a punishment for the forgery and altering of sealed documents.
3937:
2799:
2733:
2723:
1564:
687:
870:
774:
the King was not satisfied with this rendition. Soon after he asked the Prince to redesign the seal depicting the Garuda alone.
681:
3896:
3801:
3056:
2890:
2784:
3592:
3142:
3103:
3083:
2789:
2707:
2336:
2326:
810:
3210:
3906:
3651:
3641:
3276:
2971:
2897:
2834:
2809:
2604:
1464:
of the arms are two mythical creatures. To the left of the shield (dexter) is an elephant lion (a lion with a trunk) or a
1457:
1452:) meaning "The unity of a people come together as a party shall be a guarantor of prosperity". This motto was composed by
1326:
1056:
1019:
691:
1953:
safekeeping at the
Cabinet Secretariat. The constitution, however is made into three handwritten copies in the form of a
3701:
3452:
3303:
3183:
3157:
3071:
2769:
2738:
2728:
1747:
1727:
905:, encircled with the king's official name before his coronation: "āļŠāļĄāđāļāđāļāļāļĢāļ°āđāļāđāļēāļāļĒāļđāđāļŦāļąāļ§āļĄāļŦāļēāļ§āļāļīāļĢāļēāļĨāļāļāļĢāļ āļāļāļīāļāļāļĢāđāļāļāļĒāļ§āļĢāļēāļāļāļđāļĢ" (
244:
956:
At first there was no fixed rule as to what posture the Garuda should be depicted. King Rama VI eventually selected an
3442:
3220:
2814:
2804:
274:
516:
and are affixed to documents by its officers in different combinations, depending on the purpose of those documents.
3681:
3373:
3167:
3137:
3108:
3098:
2998:
2692:
2667:
2578:
1742:
1614:, that King Rama I held from 1770 to 1778. The title was usually given to the kingdom's greatest warlord. The word
1366:
1060:
825:
782:
654:(a mythical swan), at its feet are lotus flowers and leaves. The hamsa according to myth is the vehicle of Brahma.
570:
139:
265:
4001:
3901:
3821:
3383:
3358:
3251:
3130:
3125:
3088:
3078:
3066:
3044:
2829:
2662:
894:
introduced the encircling of the king's ceremonial name around the Garuda. This example is the seal used by King
278:
2361:āļāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļāļĨāļąāļāļāļāļĢāđāļĨāļ°āļāļĢāļēāļāļĢāļ°āļāļģāļāļąāļ§āļāļĢāļ°āļāļģāļāļģāđāļŦāļāđāļ : Chronicle of Royal Emblems and Positional Seals of Thailand (Thai)
1652:
1643:
1007:
998:
989:
980:
52:
3796:
3766:
3623:
3336:
3227:
3215:
2907:
2880:
2597:
1419:
1294:
1197:
on a yellow field. This quadrant represents the Thai heartland, the three heads of the elephant represents its
451:
for private letters and four official seals for government business. The four great royal seals (āļāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļāļĨāļąāļāļāļāļĢ,
1634:
632:
532:
3791:
3761:
3646:
3636:
3533:
3031:
2912:
1210:
938:
861:
308:, a Thai Buddhist literary work composed in the 14th century, he is described as having a body that was 150
3851:
3816:
3811:
3726:
3721:
3676:
3666:
3528:
3205:
2902:
2764:
1583:
1531:
1513:
1426:
1415:
1290:
1250:
1158:
921:
829:
420:
206:
135:
3831:
3781:
3741:
3736:
3696:
3686:
3631:
3462:
3378:
3298:
3239:
3152:
2924:
2885:
2819:
2752:
1503:
1461:
1358:
770:
391:
233:
2301:
2251:"Small facts about the symbols in the Supreme Court: āđāļĨāđāļāđ āļāđāļāļĒāđ āļāļąāļāļāļĢāļēāļŠāļąāļāļĨāļąāļāļĐāļāđāļāđāļēāļāđ āđāļāļĻāļēāļĨāļāļĩāļāļē (Thai)"
1853:
1555:(Somdet Phra Paramindra Maha Chulalongkorn Bodindradebyamahamakut Phra Chulachomklao Chao Krung Sayam)
843:
3861:
3836:
3751:
3731:
3711:
3479:
3293:
3271:
3261:
3256:
3195:
2966:
2959:
2944:
2934:
2858:
2652:
2647:
1486:
around the arms is the cloak of the Order of Chula Chom Klao, tied with pink ribbons (pink being the
821:
440:
360:
270:
202:
143:
80:
3947:
3921:
3826:
3559:
3552:
3521:
3516:
3323:
3147:
3019:
2875:
2824:
2779:
2632:
2624:
1285:
1222:
957:
883:
The final version depicts the Garuda alone, with wings outstretched. This version was used by King
805:(Rama VII) continued the use of the seal by replacing his predecessor's name with his own. As King
3976:
2541:(2001): āļĢāļ°āđāļāļĩāļĒāļāļŠāļģāļāļąāļāļāļēāļĒāļāļĢāļąāļāļĄāļāļāļĢāļĩ āļ§āđāļēāļāđāļ§āļĒāļāļēāļĢāļāļģāļŦāļĢāļ·āļāđāļāđāđāļāļĢāļ·āđāļāļāļŦāļĄāļēāļĒāļāļĢāļļāļāļāđāļēāļŦāđāđāļāļĢāļēāļāļāļēāļĢ āļ.āļĻ. āđāđāđāđ (Thai)"
3891:
3776:
3771:
3353:
3288:
3266:
3061:
2981:
2794:
2045:
1331:
895:
814:
707:
301:
289:
213:
2226:"Emblem of the Chulachomklao Royal Military Academy: āļāļĢāļēāļŠāļąāļāļāļĨāļąāļāļĐāļāđāđāļĢāļāđāļĢāļĩāļĒāļāļāļēāļĒāļĢāđāļāļĒāļāļĢāļ°āļāļļāļĨāļāļāļĄāđāļāļĨāđāļē"
1625:
777:
604:
2389:
1680:
The Royal Command emblem incorporates the Chakri symbol, from the Royal gazette (before 1940).
3866:
3846:
3568:
3447:
3437:
3425:
3420:
3313:
3200:
2988:
2677:
2672:
2547:
2516:
2485:
2420:
2346:
2322:
1992:
1670:
1595:
1495:
1407:
1243:
1206:
1198:
1188:
1166:
934:
711:
561:
400:
103:
95:
1379:, land of a million elephants). The lower right quadrant (sinister base) depicts two-crossed
694:. The Garuda emblem is used on the letterhead, as is common on all Thai government documents.
3911:
3746:
3716:
3661:
3656:
3615:
3511:
3499:
3467:
3049:
2682:
2451:
1594:. A symbol representing the new dynasty was created, featuring two intertwined weapons, the
1560:
The coat of arms used as a Royal warrant of appointment, eventually replaced by the Garuda.
1487:
1430:
1305:
1202:
1152:
433:
429:
2177:
Prime Minister Office's Regulation on the use of the Garuda Emblem in the Government (2001)
1522:
3952:
3871:
3806:
3786:
3573:
3489:
3393:
2954:
2949:
2929:
1719:
1705:
1568:
1119:
761:
193:(Rama VI) in 1911. However, the mythical creature had been used as a symbol of royalty in
186:
725:
from India and adopted Hindu court rituals. The national and royal symbol of Thailand is
852:
3756:
3706:
3504:
3457:
3331:
1663:
1587:
1162:
902:
806:
789:(āļāļāļĄāļŦāļēāļĢāļēāļ). The Garuda also features in standards of other members of the royal family.
444:
76:
1425:
The arms contains all the six Royal regalia of Thailand. The shield is crowned by the
1406:
Above the shield is the symbol representing the Chakri dynasty, a disc and a trident (
3995:
3970:
3410:
3388:
3283:
1445:
1441:
1136:
1024:
884:
757:
738:
714:
countersigned at the bottom. All of the four seals were used on this modern document.
404:
342:
198:
156:
2539:
Prime Minister Office's Regulation on the use of the Garuda Emblem in the Government
2359:
1105:
341:, the Garuda was so powerful that no god could defeat him in battle, eventually the
3363:
1343:
1071:
753:
651:
352:' or vehicle of Vishnu and was allowed to sit atop the god's flagpole as a reward.
126:(The unity of a people come together as a party shall be a guarantor of prosperity)
112:
gules with wings displayed and elevated armed and crowned or, clothed or and azure.
1361:
or shield, is divided into three quadrants. The first (chief) quadrant depicts an
38:
2510:(1992): āļāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļāļāļąāļāļāļąāļāļīāđāļāļĢāļ·āđāļāļāļŦāļĄāļēāļĒāļāļĢāļļāļāļāđāļēāļŦāđ āļ.āļĻ. āđāđāđāđ (āļāļāļąāļāļāļĩāđ āđ) āļ.āļĻ. āđāđāđāđ (Thai)"
2340:
2316:
3980:
3398:
3346:
3232:
2657:
1434:
1309:
1269:
802:
372:
338:
248:
2019:
1954:
1695:
1470:(āļāļāļŠāļĩāļŦāđ). To the right of the shield (sinister) is the king of the lions, the
1400:
929:
891:
824:. In 1910 King Rama VI passed an Act on Flags, which created a new set of the
794:
493:
448:
412:
313:
190:
3484:
3405:
3367:
3036:
2099:
1550:
Printed on the cover of the Royal Gazette. During the reign of King Rama V.
1479:
1466:
1230:
1037:
946:
327:
1800:
1383:(one with and one without a scabbard) on a pink field, this represents the
1221:(one with and one without a scabbard) on a pink field, this represents the
2350:
1506:
and the Supreme Court of Justice also uses the arms as its official seal.
622:
Narayana mounted on the back of Garuda. Within the Garuda's claws are two
3341:
2620:
1737:
1483:
1396:
1384:
1375:
1362:
1339:
1239:
1235:
1217:
suzerainty. The lower right quadrant (sinister base) depicts two-crossed
1194:
1170:
1030:
Used on general documents, such as land deeds and letters (most common).
766:
734:
589:
506:
380:
356:
320:
297:
293:
237:
229:
221:
217:
194:
2298:
Secretariat of the House of Representatives Knowledge Management Journal
1474:(āļĢāļēāļāļŠāļĩāļŦāđ). The two supporters represents the two ancient departments of
599:
527:
3472:
2225:
1674:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1591:
1475:
1411:
1131:
722:
623:
556:
331:
323:
319:
The Garuda's physical strength and martial prowess is recounted in the
71:
1320:
Used by the king and the government of Siam on all official documents.
907:"Somdet Phra Chao Yu Hua Maha Vajiralongkorn Bodindradebayavarangkun."
2584:
1388:
730:
726:
509:(or Trinity) and the last is a popular king of the gods in Buddhism.
488:
480:
368:
349:
345:
309:
260:
225:
182:
178:
109:
2589:
3584:
690:
Decision No. 12-14/2553 dated 3 November 2010, as published in the
1392:
1325:
1260:
1178:
945:
longer than one year, or a fine of between three and six thousand
776:
498:
472:
390:
364:
264:
117:
2414:(1904) : āļāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļāļāļąāļāļāļąāļāļīāļāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļāļĨāļąāļāļāļāļĢ āļĢāļąāļāļāđāļāļŠāļīāļāļāļĢāļĻāļ āđāđāđ (Thai)"
1161:
with a rays of light emitting from the top and the Emblem of the
1063:. Once permission is given the firm is then allowed to display a
439:
The use of royal seals continued in the first four reigns of the
2321:. Thailand: Amarin Printing and Publishing Public Company, Ltd.
1380:
1370:
1265:
1218:
1214:
925:
376:
286:
3588:
2593:
1017:
Strictly for use by the monarch. Also used on the cover of the
209:
to authenticate official documents and as its primary emblem.
2383:(1890): āļāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļāļāļąāļāļāļąāļāļīāđāļāđāļāļĢāļēāđāļāđāļāļāļīāļ āļĢāļąāļāļāđāļāļŠāļīāļāļāļĢāļĻāļ āđāđāđ (Thai)"
1651:
1642:
1633:
1624:
1539:
1530:
1521:
1512:
1006:
997:
988:
979:
869:
860:
851:
842:
631:
603:
569:
531:
2479:(1991): āļāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļāļāļąāļāļāļąāļāļīāđāļāļĢāļ·āđāļāļāļŦāļĄāļēāļĒāļāļĢāļļāļāļāđāļēāļŦāđ āļ.āļĻ. āđāđāđāđ (Thai)"
2443:(1911): āļāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļāļāļąāļāļāļąāļāļīāļāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļāļĨāļąāļāļāļāļĢ āļĢāļąāļāļāđāļāļŠāļīāļāļāļĢāļĻāļ āđāđāđ (Thai)"
752:
These seals were used until 1873, when a European inspired
551:
224:
tradition. According to Hindu mythology, the Garuda is the
2313:
Office of the Permanent Secretary, Prime Minister's Office
1418:(representing Buddhism) with a chain and pendant from the
57:
Variant with broader wings (displayed by a firm bearing a
1209:
regions. The lower left quadrant (dexter base) depicts a
817:(Rama IX) was carved in 1946, soon after his coronation.
769:
arms was too foreign, and ordered his brother the Prince
300:
tradition. According to mythology, the Garuda is a large
898:(Rama IX) which was carved for his coronation in 1950.
1414:). The shield is then surrounded by the chain of the
1334:. The coat of arms of Siam is used on the letterhead.
403:(1350â1767), the king had in his possession several
3920:
3880:
3622:
3322:
3182:
3018:
2857:
2751:
2716:
2640:
2631:
1610:). The weapons are derived from an official title;
1571:. The regiment was founded by King Rama V in 1859.
1316:
1300:
1284:
1259:
1249:
1229:
1187:
1177:
1151:
1143:
1130:
1112:
1089:
359:is especially significant. The doctrine of ancient
130:
116:
102:
86:
70:
45:
20:
2292:[Constitutions on traditional Thai books]
820:The Garuda also became the official symbol of the
710:signed at the top of the paper and prime minister
367:. Accordingly, the king was nothing less than an '
2093:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2083:
1373:suzerainty (the symbol comes for its native name
1033:Used on general documents, such as court orders.
626:serpents. Narayana was an incarnation of Vishnu.
471:(āđāļāļĢāļēāļāļ) seals. The seals represented four gods:
1794:
1792:
1790:
124:(Sabbesaáđ saáđ
ghabhÅŦtÄnaáđ sÄmaggÄŦ vuáļáļhi sÄdhikÄ)
1450:Sabbesaáđ saáđ
ghabhÅŦtÄnaáđ sÄmaggÄŦ vuáļáļhi sÄdhikÄ
1448:: "āļŠāļāļšāđāļāļŠāđ āļŠāļāļšāļāļ āļđāļāļēāļāđ āļŠāļēāļĄāļāļšāļāļĩ āļ§āļļāļāļšāļāļī āļŠāļēāļāļīāļāļē" (
1330:A Buddhist Theological degree from 1910, from
1278:Sabbesaáđ saáđ
ghabhÅŦtÄnaáđ sÄmaggÄŦ vuáļáļhi sÄdhikÄ
3600:
2605:
2342:Ancient Siamese Government and Administration
1565:1st Infantry Regiment, King's Close Bodyguard
1369:on a red field. This quadrant represents the
1352:Phra Ratcha Lanchakon Pracham Phaen Din Sayam
1213:on a red field. This quadrant represents the
185:)). The Garuda was officially adopted as the
8:
2546:. www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th. Archived from
2515:. www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th. Archived from
2484:. www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th. Archived from
2450:. www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th. Archived from
2419:. www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th. Archived from
2388:. www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th. Archived from
2504:Government of Thailand (14 February 1992).
2473:Government of Thailand (15 November 1991).
801:became the country's official emblem. King
706:A proclamation dated 19 October 2006. King
3607:
3593:
3585:
3188:
3024:
2863:
2757:
2637:
2612:
2598:
2590:
2535:Government of Thailand (30 October 2001).
2439:Government of Thailand (5 November 1911).
2187:
2185:
2183:
2123:
2121:
2119:
2117:
2073:
2071:
2069:
2067:
2065:
2063:
505:). The first three belong strictly to the
164:
2408:Government of Thailand (4 October 1904).
2199:
2197:
2155:
2153:
2151:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1963:
1930:
1891:
1889:
1887:
1885:
355:The Garuda's relationship with Vishnu or
197:for centuries. The Garuda is depicted on
122:āļŠāļāļšāđāļāļŠāđ āļŠāļāļšāļāļ āļđāļāļēāļāđ āļŠāļēāļĄāļāļšāļāļĩ āļ§āļļāļāļšāļāļī āļŠāļēāļāļīāļāļē"
91:
2377:Government of Thailand (28 April 1890).
2286:Chettha Thongying (JanuaryâMarch 2010).
2256:. www.supremecourt.or.th. Archived from
2024:Royal Embassy of Thailand in Doha, Qatar
1928:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1920:
1918:
1916:
1914:
1912:
1910:
1557:. The seal was used for only one reign.
1274:āļŠāļāļšāđāļāļŠāđ āļŠāļāļšāļāļ āļđāļāļēāļāđ āļŠāļēāļĄāļāļšāļāļĩ āļ§āļļāļāļšāļāļī āļŠāļēāļāļīāļāļē
650:A royal pavilion mounted on the back of
588:A royal pavilion mounted on the back of
2345:. New York: Paragon Book Reprint Corp.
2220:
2218:
1875:
1873:
1871:
1842:Prime Minister's Office 2000, pp. 37-38
1829:
1827:
1780:
1778:
1765:
1422:(featuring a portrait of King Rama V).
745:) as its national symbol, known as the
1193:The first (chief) quadrant depicts an
1147:Created in 1873, discontinued in 1910.
1086:
598:
560:pavilion, flanked by two seven-tiered
526:
17:
2585:Garuda : Symbol of Thai monarchs
138:on all official documents, is on the
7:
2364:. Bangkok: Phra Chan Printing Press.
2212:Prime Minister's Office 2000, p. 239
2203:Prime Minister's Office 2000, p. 238
2159:Prime Minister's Office 2000, p. 193
2145:Prime Minister's Office 2000, p. 192
1500:Chulachomklao Royal Military Academy
1312:, Royal Slippers, fan and fly-whisk)
614:Phra Ratcha Lanchakon Phra Khrut Pha
2136:Prime Minister's Office 2000, p. 55
2038:"Garuda: a symbol on Thai currency"
1934:Prime Minister's Office 2000, p. 53
1879:Prime Minister's Office 2000, p. 52
1833:Prime Minister's Office 2000, p. 25
1821:Prime Minister's Office 2000, p. 35
1784:Prime Minister's Office 2000, p. 27
1772:Prime Minister's Office 2000, p. 22
1490:, the day of King Rama V's birth).
928:. The Garuda emblem appears on the
920:The Garuda was also adopted by the
809:(Rama VIII) was never crowned in a
512:The four seals are now kept by the
363:was heavily influenced by those of
312:across (1 yojana equivalent to 1.6
2358:Ratchathon, Phraya Anuman (1950).
1733:Seals of the provinces of Thailand
1666:, founded in 1782 by King Rama I.
1498:and is the official symbol of the
642:Phra Ratcha Lanchakon Hongsaphiman
90:Officially in 1911, replacing the
14:
2579:National Coat of arms of Thailand
1662:Chakri emblem, the symbol of the
1620:
1508:
1036:Used on general documents and on
975:
838:
542:Phra Ratcha Lanchakon Maha Ongkan
3975:
3966:
3965:
1750:â also features Garuda as blazon
1712:
1698:
1669:Intertwined divine weapons, the
1354:(āļāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļāļĨāļąāļāļāļāļĢāļāļĢāļ°āļāļģāđāļāđāļāļāļīāļāļŠāļĒāļēāļĄ).
1118:
1104:
699:
680:
619:Royal Seal of Garuda the Carrier
243:The Garuda also features in the
94:. Originally adopted during the
51:
37:
3431:Traditional musical instruments
2337:Quaritch Wales, Horace Geoffrey
1988:The Vedic Core of Human History
1975:Anuman Ratchathon 1950, pp.2-14
647:Royal Seal of the Swan Pavilion
585:Royal Seal of Airavata elephant
3933:British Indian Ocean Territory
2366:(Available at Thai Wikisource)
1304:Mantle and the Royal regalia (
580:Phra Ratcha Lanchakon Airaphot
547:Royal Seal of the Great Decree
247:and the emblem of the city of
92:coat of arms of Siam from 1873
1:
2300:(in Thai) (6). Archived from
1057:Bureau of the Royal Household
1020:Royal Thai Government Gazette
564:. The seal represents Shiva.
228:(vehicle) of the god Vishnu (
4007:National symbols of Thailand
2581:(archived 17 September 2008)
1748:National emblem of Indonesia
1728:National symbols of Thailand
1578:Emblem of the Chakri dynasty
1096:āļāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļāļĨāļąāļāļāļāļĢāļāļĢāļ°āļāļģāđāļāđāļāļāļīāļāļŠāļĒāļēāļĄ
1053:Royal warrant of appointment
951:Office of the Prime Minister
411:) of various designs. These
245:national emblem of Indonesia
3309:Water supply and sanitation
1852:www.mahabharataonline.com.
1590:with a new capital city at
1403:) suzerainty in the south.
269:A Garuda decoration on the
4023:
3163:Controlled-access highways
2508:Garuda Emblem Act (Part 2)
2318:āļāļĢāļļāļ (Khrut) : Garuáļa
2077:National Emblem Act (1890)
1991:. iUniverse. p. 235.
1856:. Stories from Mahabharata
1854:"Story of Garuda - Part 3"
1743:Royal Nine-Tiered Umbrella
1093:Royal coat of arms of Siam
1055:from the king through the
783:royal standard of Thailand
514:Secretariat of the Cabinet
330:forest and is regarded as
258:
140:Royal Standard of Thailand
3961:
3546:
3245:Universities and colleges
3191:
3027:
2866:
2760:
2573:National flag and symbols
1683:The Royal Command emblem
1650:
1641:
1632:
1623:
1586:(Rama I) established the
1538:
1529:
1520:
1511:
1242:holding the Seven-Tiered
1126:
1117:
1103:
1005:
996:
987:
978:
742:
279:Ayutthaya Historical Park
165:
160:
66:
50:
36:
3682:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
2977:House of Representatives
2871:Administrative divisions
2288:
2191:Garuda Emblem Act (1992)
2168:Garuda Emblem Act (1991)
1563:The coat of arms of the
1420:Order of Chula Chom Klao
1295:Order of Chula Chom Klao
201:, which are used by the
3943:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
2575:(archived 1 April 2012)
1225:suzerainty in the south
949:, or both. In 2001 the
939:Royal Thai Armed Forces
756:was designated by King
443:(founded in 1782). The
426:sacking and destruction
3116:Science and technology
3084:Special economic zones
2102:. www.hubert-herald.nl
2042:emuseum.treasury.go.th
2020:"Thailand Information"
1985:M. K. Agarwal (2003).
1803:. www.hubert-herald.nl
1656:
1647:
1638:
1629:
1584:Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke
1544:
1535:
1526:
1517:
1427:Great Crown of Victory
1416:Order of the Nine Gems
1335:
1291:Order of the Nine Gems
1159:Great Crown of Victory
1011:
1002:
993:
984:
966:government departments
960:for the Garuda called
874:
865:
856:
847:
790:
636:
608:
574:
554:symbol inside a royal
536:
520:Four great royal seals
475:(known in Thailand as
396:
282:
207:Government of Thailand
136:government of Thailand
3473:Mythological creature
3004:Deputy Prime Minister
2920:Intelligence agencies
2289:āļĢāļąāļāļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļāļđāļāļāļāļąāļāļŠāļĄāļļāļāđāļāļĒ
2127:State Seal Act (1911)
1955:traditional Thai book
1943:State Seal Act (1904)
1904:Quaritch Wales, p. 84
1895:Quaritch Wales, p. 83
1655:
1646:
1637:
1628:
1543:
1534:
1525:
1516:
1338:From 1873 to 1910, a
1329:
1010:
1001:
992:
983:
922:Royal Thai Government
873:
864:
855:
846:
780:
771:Narisara Nuvadtivongs
721:Thai kings recruited
635:
607:
573:
535:
453:Phra Ratcha Lanchakon
394:
375:of god, just as King
268:
3857:United Arab Emirates
3131:Traditional medicine
2845:World Heritage Sites
2800:Environmental issues
1440:The motto is in the
1433:to the left and the
1083:Coat of arms of Siam
729:, the mount of Lord
688:Constitutional Court
441:Rattanakosin Kingdom
273:of the 15th century
181:as the vehicle" (of
144:Monarchy of Thailand
3884:limited recognition
2381:National Emblem Act
1454:Ariyavangsagatayana
811:coronation ceremony
467:(āļŦāļāļŠāļāļīāļĄāļēāļ) and the
421:Simon de la LoubÃĻre
306:Traiphum Phra Ruang
142:and is used by The
3143:Telecommunications
2795:Floods in Thailand
2693:Siamese Revolution
2100:"Thailand, Part 2"
1801:"Thailand, Part 1"
1657:
1648:
1639:
1630:
1612:Chao Phraya Chakri
1545:
1536:
1527:
1518:
1336:
1332:Uttaradit Province
1078:Historical emblems
1012:
1003:
994:
985:
896:Bhumibol Adulyadej
875:
866:
857:
848:
815:Bhumibol Adulyadej
791:
708:Bhumibol Adulyadej
692:Government Gazette
637:
609:
575:
537:
397:
290:mythological beast
283:
214:mythological beast
171:RTGS transcription
153:emblem of Thailand
24:Emblem of Thailand
3989:
3988:
3926:other territories
3582:
3581:
3542:
3541:
3529:Traditional games
3178:
3177:
3014:
3013:
2994:Political parties
2898:Foreign relations
2853:
2852:
2747:
2746:
2678:Ayutthaya Kingdom
2673:Sukhothai Kingdom
2477:Garuda Emblem Act
2098:Hubert de Vries.
1799:Hubert de Vries.
1689:
1688:
1575:
1574:
1504:Courts of Justice
1496:Royal Thai Police
1488:colour of Tuesday
1460:at the time. The
1458:Supreme Patriarch
1324:
1323:
1044:
1043:
935:Royal Thai Police
913:
912:
737:uses the Garuda (
712:Surayud Chulanont
662:
661:
658:
657:
596:
595:
463:(āļāļĢāļļāļāļāđāļēāļŦāđ), the
459:(āļĄāļŦāļēāđāļāļāļāļēāļĢ), the
401:Ayutthaya Kingdom
337:According to the
234:kings of Thailand
149:
148:
4014:
4002:National emblems
3979:
3969:
3968:
3938:Christmas Island
3624:Sovereign states
3616:Armorial of Asia
3609:
3602:
3595:
3586:
3562:
3555:
3304:Waste management
3189:
3040:
3025:
2864:
2758:
2688:Rattanakosin era
2683:Thonburi Kingdom
2638:
2614:
2607:
2600:
2591:
2562:
2560:
2558:
2553:on 1 August 2013
2552:
2545:
2531:
2529:
2527:
2522:on 1 August 2013
2521:
2514:
2500:
2498:
2496:
2491:on 1 August 2013
2490:
2483:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2457:on 1 August 2013
2456:
2449:
2441:"'State Seal Act
2435:
2433:
2431:
2426:on 1 August 2013
2425:
2418:
2404:
2402:
2400:
2395:on 1 August 2013
2394:
2387:
2365:
2354:
2332:
2308:
2307:on 5 March 2016.
2306:
2295:
2273:
2272:
2270:
2268:
2263:on 10 March 2012
2262:
2255:
2247:
2241:
2240:
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2222:
2213:
2210:
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2111:
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2095:
2078:
2075:
2058:
2057:
2055:
2053:
2048:on 24 March 2019
2044:. Archived from
2034:
2028:
2027:
2016:
2010:
2009:
2007:
2005:
1982:
1976:
1973:
1958:
1950:
1944:
1941:
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1932:
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1685:(1940âpresent).
1621:
1509:
1431:Sword of Victory
1306:Sword of Victory
1122:
1108:
1087:
976:
839:
834:Narai Song Suban
760:(Rama V) as the
744:
703:
684:
600:
528:
524:
523:
455:) included: the
285:The Garuda is a
275:Wat Ratchaburana
212:The Garuda is a
168:
167:
163:) is called the
162:
161:āļāļĢāļēāđāļāđāļāļāļīāļāļāļāļāđāļāļĒ
96:Ayutthaya period
81:King of Thailand
55:
41:
29:
28:āļāļĢāļēāđāļāđāļāļāļīāļāļāļāļāđāļāļĒ
18:
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3897:Northern Cyprus
3883:
3876:
3618:
3613:
3583:
3578:
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3551:
3538:
3443:Public holidays
3438:Performing arts
3318:
3221:Sex trafficking
3174:
3038:
3010:
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2815:Protected areas
2743:
2712:
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2569:
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2230:www2.crma.ac.th
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2018:
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2013:
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2001:
1999:
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1961:
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1767:
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1757:
1720:Heraldry portal
1718:
1713:
1711:
1706:Thailand portal
1704:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1684:
1580:
1569:Royal Thai Army
1478:(Gajasiha) and
1456:, the Buddhist
1099:
1085:
1080:
1049:
974:
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762:national emblem
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232:). The ancient
187:national emblem
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3138:Stock Exchange
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2999:Prime Minister
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2668:Initial states
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2567:External links
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2412:State Seal Act
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1582:In 1782, King
1579:
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1367:white elephant
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1038:Thai banknotes
1034:
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1025:Thai passports
1014:
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903:Vajiralongkorn
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799:Phra Khrut Pha
793:In 1910, King
787:Thong Maha Rat
747:Phra Khrut Pha
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2663:Early history
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3922:Dependencies
3852:Turkmenistan
3841:
3817:Saudi Arabia
3494:
3485:Architecture
3416:Martial arts
3337:Architecture
3228:Demographics
3216:Prostitution
3211:LÃĻse majestÃĐ
3057:Car industry
3050:Central bank
2908:Human rights
2881:Constitution
2555:. Retrieved
2548:the original
2538:
2524:. Retrieved
2517:the original
2507:
2493:. Retrieved
2486:the original
2476:
2468:
2459:. Retrieved
2452:the original
2446:
2442:
2428:. Retrieved
2421:the original
2411:
2397:. Retrieved
2390:the original
2380:
2360:
2341:
2317:
2302:the original
2297:
2280:Bibliography
2265:. Retrieved
2258:the original
2245:
2233:. Retrieved
2229:
2208:
2173:
2164:
2141:
2132:
2104:. Retrieved
2050:. Retrieved
2046:the original
2041:
2032:
2023:
2014:
2002:. Retrieved
1987:
1980:
1948:
1939:
1900:
1858:. Retrieved
1847:
1838:
1817:
1805:. Retrieved
1768:
1615:
1611:
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1554:
1492:
1471:
1465:
1449:
1439:
1424:
1405:
1374:
1356:
1351:
1347:
1344:coat of arms
1337:
1277:
1273:
1183:Pink ribbons
1072:Royal Assent
1069:
1064:
1050:
1018:
961:
955:
943:
919:
906:
833:
819:
798:
792:
786:
754:coat of arms
751:
746:
720:
673:
670:Royal symbol
646:
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613:
612:
584:
579:
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541:
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511:
502:
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468:
465:Hongsaphiman
464:
460:
456:
452:
447:would use a
445:Chakri kings
438:
434:Burmese army
418:
408:
398:
379:of the epic
354:
336:
318:
305:
284:
242:
236:believed in
211:
174:
166:āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļļāļāļāđāļēāļŦāđ
152:
150:
134:Used by the
15:
3981:Asia portal
3882:States with
3802:Philippines
3742:South Korea
3737:North Korea
3632:Afghanistan
3534:Video games
3126:Measurement
3032:Agriculture
2785:Earthquakes
2724:Archaeology
2658:Tai peoples
2371:Legislation
1446:Thai script
1444:written in
1435:Royal staff
1346:(āļāļĢāļēāļāļēāļĢāđāļĄ,
1310:Royal Staff
1270:Thai script
1251:Compartment
830:royal barge
803:Prajadhipok
743:āļāļĢāļļāļ, khrut
457:Maha Ongkan
413:stamp seals
399:During the
387:Royal seals
373:incarnation
339:Mahabharata
332:semi-divine
249:Ulaanbaatar
3996:Categories
3862:Uzbekistan
3837:Tajikistan
3752:Kyrgyzstan
3732:Kazakhstan
3652:Bangladesh
3642:Azerbaijan
3394:Literature
3206:Corruption
3121:Inventions
3039:(currency)
2972:Parliament
2940:Ministries
2903:Government
2891:Commission
2790:Ecoregions
2708:since 2001
2648:Prehistory
2641:Chronology
2328:9747774445
1755:References
1602:) and the
1462:supporters
1401:Terengganu
1359:escutcheon
1231:Supporters
930:letterhead
892:Vajiravudh
795:Vajiravudh
494:Phra Phrom
485:Phra Narai
477:Phra Isuan
314:kilometres
191:Vajiravudh
79:(Rama X),
3948:Hong Kong
3902:Palestine
3827:Sri Lanka
3822:Singapore
3702:Indonesia
3384:Festivals
3379:Etiquette
3332:Animation
3299:Squatting
3240:Education
3153:Transport
3072:Renewable
2960:Air Force
2925:Judiciary
2886:Elections
2835:Volcanoes
2820:Provinces
2810:Mountains
2765:Addresses
2753:Geography
2734:Education
2703:1973â2001
2698:1932â1973
1760:Citations
1480:Mahatthai
1272:) :
962:Khrut Ram
461:Khrut Pha
436:in 1767.
343:Hindu god
328:Himavanta
255:Symbolism
3971:Category
3892:Abkhazia
3842:Thailand
3797:Pakistan
3777:Mongolia
3772:Maldives
3767:Malaysia
3667:Cambodia
3569:Category
3411:Marriage
3389:Folklore
3359:Clothing
3294:Religion
3284:Language
3277:COVID-19
3262:Gambling
3257:Feminism
3196:Abortion
3168:Railways
3158:Airports
2967:Monarchy
2945:Military
2935:Localism
2859:Politics
2840:Wildlife
2739:Military
2729:Economic
2717:By topic
2653:Peopling
2625:articles
2621:Thailand
2339:(1965).
2315:(2000).
1738:Thai art
1692:See also
1673:and the
1472:Rajasiha
1467:Gajasiha
1410:and the
1397:Kelantan
1376:Lan Xang
1363:Airavata
1348:Tra Arms
1340:heraldic
1286:Order(s)
1255:Pedestal
1240:Rajasiha
1236:Gajasiha
1207:southern
1199:northern
1195:Airavata
1171:Trishula
1139:(Rama V)
1113:Versions
958:attitude
767:heraldic
735:Thailand
723:Brahmins
590:Airavata
469:Airaphot
430:the city
381:Ramayana
357:Narayana
321:Sanskrit
298:Buddhist
287:birdlike
230:Narayana
222:Buddhist
205:and the
195:Thailand
46:Versions
3867:Vietnam
3782:Myanmar
3762:Lebanon
3692:Georgia
3647:Bahrain
3637:Armenia
3553:Outline
3463:Aquatic
3453:Symbols
3364:Cuisine
3324:Culture
3184:Society
3148:Tourism
3067:Nuclear
3020:Economy
2876:Cabinet
2825:Regions
2805:Islands
2780:Climate
2770:Borders
2633:History
2557:14 June
2526:14 June
2495:14 June
2461:14 June
2430:14 June
2399:14 June
2267:14 June
2106:11 June
2004:11 June
1807:12 June
1675:Trisula
1608:trident
1604:Trisula
1592:Bangkok
1476:Kalahom
1412:Trisula
1371:Laotian
1244:Chatras
1215:Laotian
1203:central
1144:Adopted
1132:Armiger
1059:or the
924:as its
832:called
557:Busabok
503:Phra In
324:Puranas
310:yojanas
292:of the
216:of the
87:Adopted
72:Armiger
3912:Taiwan
3847:Turkey
3812:Russia
3747:Kuwait
3727:Jordan
3717:Israel
3677:Cyprus
3662:Brunei
3657:Bhutan
3574:Portal
3505:Flower
3495:Emblem
3480:Anthem
3458:Animal
3448:Sports
3399:Poetry
3354:Cinema
3347:Comics
3289:Racism
3267:Health
3233:People
3062:Energy
2989:Police
2982:Senate
2830:Rivers
2623:
2351:880763
2349:
2325:
2235:28 May
2052:31 May
1995:
1860:27 May
1671:Chakra
1616:Chakri
1596:Chakra
1502:. The
1484:mantle
1408:Chakra
1389:Perlis
1381:krises
1342:style
1219:krises
1189:Shield
1167:Chakra
731:Vishnu
727:Garuda
552:Unalom
497:) and
489:Brahma
481:Vishnu
407:(āļāļĢāļē,
369:avatar
350:vahana
346:Vishnu
302:hybrid
261:Garuda
226:vahana
183:Vishnu
179:Garuda
110:Garuda
104:Shield
3953:Macau
3872:Yemen
3832:Syria
3807:Qatar
3787:Nepal
3722:Japan
3697:India
3687:Egypt
3672:China
3560:Index
3490:Deity
3426:Music
3421:Media
3406:Names
3374:Drama
3314:Women
3201:Crime
3045:Banks
3037:Baht
2551:(PDF)
2544:(PDF)
2520:(PDF)
2513:(PDF)
2489:(PDF)
2482:(PDF)
2455:(PDF)
2448:(PDF)
2424:(PDF)
2417:(PDF)
2393:(PDF)
2386:(PDF)
2305:(PDF)
2294:(PDF)
2261:(PDF)
2254:(PDF)
1393:Kedah
1385:Malay
1261:Motto
1223:Malay
1179:Torse
1153:Crest
890:King
652:hamsa
499:Indra
473:Shiva
432:by a
405:seals
371:' or
365:India
294:Hindu
271:prang
218:Hindu
199:seals
118:Motto
3792:Oman
3757:Laos
3712:Iraq
3707:Iran
3512:Time
3500:Flag
3468:Bird
3368:wine
3104:NEEC
3094:CWEC
2955:Navy
2950:Army
2913:LGBT
2559:2012
2528:2012
2497:2012
2463:2012
2432:2012
2401:2012
2347:OCLC
2323:ISBN
2269:2012
2237:2021
2108:2012
2054:2020
2006:2012
1993:ISBN
1862:2012
1809:2012
1399:and
1357:The
1293:and
1268:(in
1266:Pali
1238:and
1205:and
1169:and
1157:The
1023:and
947:Baht
937:and
781:The
739:Thai
624:NÄga
377:Rama
296:and
220:and
203:King
157:Thai
3924:and
3342:Art
3272:HIV
3109:SEC
3099:NEC
3089:EEC
2930:Law
1606:(a
1598:(a
1317:Use
785:or
550:An
487:),
479:),
428:of
409:tra
189:by
177:; "
131:Use
3998::
2296:.
2228:.
2217:^
2196:^
2182:^
2150:^
2116:^
2082:^
2062:^
2040:.
2022:.
1962:^
1909:^
1884:^
1870:^
1826:^
1789:^
1777:^
1677:.
1567:,
1395:,
1391:,
1308:,
1201:,
1040:.
1027:.
968:.
941:.
909:)
887:.
741::
733:.
277:,
251:.
173::
159::
108:A
3608:e
3601:t
3594:v
3370:)
3366:(
2613:e
2606:t
2599:v
2561:.
2537:"
2530:.
2506:"
2499:.
2475:"
2465:.
2434:.
2410:"
2403:.
2379:"
2353:.
2331:.
2271:.
2239:.
2110:.
2056:.
2026:.
2008:.
1864:.
1811:.
1387:(
1280:)
1276:(
1173:)
1165:(
501:(
491:(
483:(
281:.
169:(
155:(
98:.
61:)
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