Emergency Alert System - Knowledge (XXG)

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effect by downloading EAS tones from YouTube and modifying the volume of the tone. CBS passed the edited tone through three quality rooms equipped with EAS decoders and prescreened the episode to make sure it did not trigger an actual alert. Also, the show's dialogue was used to obscure some elements of the alert. However, the FCC insisted that the modified tone still sounded like a normal EAS tone, despite the volume being lowered and the tone being cut short in duration. It also said that the prescreening process did not excuse an unauthorized usage of the EAS tones.

1932:, it amends the Warning, Alert, and Response Network (WARN) Act to require distribution of wireless alerts issued by the administrator of FEMA, and commands the FCC to establish a means of reporting false alerts, encourage the establishment of State Emergency Communications Committees (SECC) that would meet annually to evaluate their EAS plans, require the repetition of alerts surrounding "emergencies of national significance", and open an inquiry into the feasibility of implementing the EAS on internet-related services. 2171: 1452:-Cincinnati in 2016, FEMA began the process of constructing transportable studio shelters at the transmitters of 33 PEP stations, which feature broadcasting equipment, emergency provisions, a rest area, and an air filtration system. NPWS project manager Manny Centeno explained that these shelters were designed to " the survivability of these stations to include an all hazards platform, which means chemical, biological, radiological air protection and protection from electromagnetic pulse." 1472:" through the network of participants. "Daisy chains" form when one station receives a message from multiple other stations and the station then forwards that message to multiple other stations. This process creates many redundant paths through which the message may flow increasing the likelihood that the message will be received by all participants and adding to the survivability of the system. Each EAS participant is required to monitor at least two other participants. 1779: 1714: 1674:

odd numbered months, and between local sunset and 8:30 a.m. during even numbered months. Received monthly tests must be retransmitted within 60 minutes of receipt. Additionally, an RMT should not be scheduled or conducted during an event of great importance such as a pre-announced presidential speech, coverage of a national/local election, major local or national news coverage outside regularly scheduled newscast hours or a major national sporting event such as the

1848:, and some "failed to receive or retransmit alerts due to erroneous equipment configuration, equipment readiness and upkeep issues, and confusion regarding EAS rules and technical requirements", and that participation among low-power broadcasters was low. To reduce viewer confusion, the FCC stated that future national tests would be delivered under the new event code "National Periodic Test" ("NPT"), and list "United States" as its location. 2255:, using the lines "Civil authorities in your area have reported that the bodies of the dead are rising from the graves and attacking the living". It was identified that the attack had come from an "overseas" source. Furthermore, the broadcasters had neglected to change the factory default logins or passwords on their equipment. Because of this, the FCC, FEMA, equipment manufacturers, as well as trade groups, including the 2558:, $ 5,000. After the fine was levied, various state broadcast associations in the United States submitted joint letters to the FCC, protesting against the fine, saying that the commission could have handled the matter better. On November 13, 2009, the FCC rescinded its fine against KWVE-FM, but had still admonished the station for broadcasting an unauthorized RMT, as well as omitting the code to end the test. 1441:) stations, is a network of 77 radio stations that are, in coordination with FEMA, used to originate emergency alert and warning information to the public before, during, and after incidents and disasters. PEP stations are equipped with additional and backup communications equipment and power generators designed to enable them to continue broadcasting information to the public during and after an event. 2595:"Would you. Could you. On a train?" WKTV apologized and stated that the alert was "an automated test which was not intended for public display." A FEMA representative stated that its decoders had been mistakenly "configured to poll a test and development message aggregator instead of or in addition to the production message aggregator", with the test server having used the 326: 2643: 2347:, especially when they are used "to capture audience attention during advertisements; dramatic, entertainment, and educational programs" (even if the footage is documentation of an event where an actual alert was issued). Broadcasters who misuse the tones may be sanctioned (including being required to partake in compliance measures) and fined. 48: 363:(formerly known as the Emergency Action Notification) is the notice to broadcasters that the president of the United States or their designee will deliver a message over the EAS via the PEP system. The government has stated that the system would allow a president to speak during a national emergency within 10 minutes. 2215:, an immediate evacuation notice was mistakenly issued by the Los Angeles County Office of Emergency Management for Los Angeles, the Eastern North Pacific Ocean, and Port Conception to Guadalupe; the alert text repeatedly listed "Eastern North Pacific Ocean" or "Eastern North Pacific" twelve different times. The 1532:. The SAME header is equally known for its shrillness, which many have found to be startling. The "two-tone" system is no longer required as of 1998, and is to be used only for audio alerts before EAS messages. Like the EBS, the attention signal is followed by a voice message describing the details of the alert. 2822:

IPAWS provides public safety officials with an effective way to alert and warn the public about serious emergencies using the Emergency Alert System (EAS), Wireless Emergency Alerts (WEA), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NOAA Weather Radio, and other public alerting systems from a

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accidentally initiated a Required Monthly Test when it meant to conduct a Required Weekly Test. Furthermore, an operator aborted the test mid-way through the broadcast (failing to broadcast the end-of-message tone), causing all area outlets to broadcast KWVE-FM's programming until those stations took

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EAS participants are required to keep logs of all received messages. Logs may be kept by hand but are usually kept automatically by a small receipt printer in the encoder/decoder unit. Logs may also be kept electronically inside the unit as long as there is access to an external printer or method to

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episode, "A Mother, A Child, and a Blue Man's Backside". CBS defended the statement, saying that the tones' usage was a "dramatic portrayal", and that it was an "integral part of the storyline about a family's visceral reaction to a life-threatening emergency". The show's sound editors achieved the

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Under an FCC report and order issued in 2007, EAS participants would be required to migrate to digital equipment supporting CAP within 180 days of the specification's adoption by FEMA. This officially occurred September 30, 2010, but the deadline was later delayed to June 30, 2012 at the request of

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calling for the immediate evacuation of the entire state. The alert contained no specific detail on why it had been issued. The message was broadcast due to operator error while conducting an unannounced, but scheduled statewide test. A study conducted following the incident reported that at least

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Required monthly tests (RMTs) are generally originated by the local or state primary station, a state emergency management agency, or by the National Weather Service and are then relayed by broadcast stations and cable channels. RMTs must be performed between 8:30 a.m. and local sunset during

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In December 2021, the FCC issued a notice of proposed rulemaking seeking to prioritize the display of alert audio and text from CAP messages, in order to provide higher quality audio (rather than simulcasting the audio off-air from a radio station) and improve parity between the visual display and

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earlier in the year (which was caused by operator error during an internal drill protocol), the FCC announced that it would take steps to promote public awareness and improve efficiency of the system, including requiring safeguards to prevent distribution of false alarms, the ability to authorize

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Because the header lacks error detection codes, it is repeated three times for redundancy. EAS decoders compare the received headers against one another, looking for an exact match between any two, eliminating most errors which can cause an activation to fail. The decoder then decides whether to

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In 2004, the FCC issued a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPR) seeking comment on whether EAS in its present form is the most effective mechanism for warning the American public of an emergency and, if not, on how EAS can be improved, such as mandatory text messages to cellphones, regardless of

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All EAS equipment must be tested on a weekly basis. The required weekly test (RWT) consists, at a minimum, of the header and end-of-message tones. Though an RWT does not need an audio or graphic message announcing the test, many stations provide them as a courtesy to the public. In addition,

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featuring out-of-sequence EAS tones over Jaguars training camp footage and a voiceover noting "this is not a test, this is an emergency broadcast transmission...seek shelter immediately", along with the on-screen text "the storm is coming". The ad aired four times before station compliance

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counties in New Jersey. In a statement by the New Jersey State Police, it was a test message, intended for a small group of emergency management personnel who were participating in the test. Due to a coding error, the message was publicly broadcast. This would happen again, in July

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transmitted a civil danger warning for the island; Guam Homeland Security described the message, which interrupted programming on the stations, and was received on television by some viewers, as being an "unauthorized test" of the EAS. The incident's impact was strengthened, as

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and websites. On March 2 and 3, 2020, a legitimate Required Monthly Test was displayed with a message ("AIGHT IM DONE U CAN REST NOW. MR GERDE WAS HERE") that had also appeared in the hack: a company official stated that this was a remnant of the attack that had not yet been

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11% of residents actually saw the warning live, and that 63% of those surveyed were "a little or not at all concerned"—citing a suspicious lack of detail in the message, which a legitimate alert would include. Only 1% of those surveyed actually attempted to leave the state.

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The EAS can only be used to relay audio messages that preempt all programming; as the intent of an Emergency Action Notification is to serve as a "last-ditch effort to get a message out if the president cannot get to the media", it can easily be made redundant by the

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An RWT is not required during a calendar week in which an RMT is scheduled. No testing has to be done during a calendar week in which all parts of the EAS (header burst, attention signal, audio message, and end of message burst) have been legitimately activated.

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The FCC has established that IPAWS is not a full substitute for the existing SAME protocol, as it is vulnerable to situations that may make internet connectivity unavailable. Therefore, broadcasters must convert CAP messages to legacy SAME headers to enable

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that should receive the message. The last short burst marks the end-of-message. These signals are read by specialized encoder-decoder equipment. This design allows for automated station-to-station relay of alerts to only the area the alert was intended for.

2102:, abruptly ending with the incomplete sentence "This is an emergency message from". About 15 minutes after the original message was sent, the alert was re-issued with an addendum clarifying that the alert was actually calling for a voluntary evacuation of 1887:

On August 3, 2023, FEMA and the FCC announced that the seventh NPT would occur October 4, 2023 with a backup date of October 11, 2023. The test commenced just before 2:20 pm ET, and consisted of an alert on TV/radio as well as a WEA on all cell phones.

214:(IPAWS). The EAS, and more broadly IPAWS, allows federal, state, and local authorities to efficiently broadcast emergency alert and warning messages across multiple channels. The EAS became operational on January 1, 1997, after being approved by the 1876:"out of consideration for the unusual circumstances and working conditions for those in the broadcast and cable industry." The sixth test occurred on August 11, 2021, at 2:20 pm EDT. This test involved the WEA system alongside television and radio. 349:(NOAA/NWS), or the broadcaster), a short, general description of the event (tornado, flood, severe thunderstorm), the areas affected (up to 32 counties or states), the expected duration of the event (in minutes), the date and time it was issued (in 1828:

On February 3, 2011, the FCC announced plans and procedures for national EAS tests, which involve all television and radio stations connected to the EAS, as well as all cable and satellite services in the United States. They are not relayed on the

1735: 2873: 2397:, was fined $ 1 million for the incident. The company was also ordered to implement a three-year compliance plan to avoid any further incidents, including removing all EAS tones or similar-sounding noises from its audio production libraries. 1662:

television stations are not required to transmit a video message for weekly tests. RWTs are scheduled by the station on random days and times, (though quite often during late night or early afternoon hours), and are generally not relayed.

2239:. On multiple occasions, federal government departments have warned that failure to employ secure passwords and keep software updated made EAS equipment vulnerable to such attacks, which could result in disruptions such as false alerts. 6720: 1736: 1733: 258:, has been credited to making usage of the system unnecessary or redundant. In practice, it is used at a regional scale to distribute information regarding imminent threats to public safety, such as severe weather situations (including 2199:

that the alert was a false alarm. The incident came amidst heightened concern over the possibility that Hawaii could be targeted by North Korean missiles (in December 2017, Hawaii tested its missile sirens for the first time since the

1734: 1563:, the U.S. government was instructed to create "an effective, reliable, integrated, flexible, and comprehensive" public warning system. This was accomplished via expansions to the aforementioned PEP network, and the development of the 2293:

was hacked in a nearly-identical manner, playing the same "dead bodies" audio from the February 2013 incidents. The incident prompted a public response from the Randolph County Sheriff's Department clarifying that there was no actual

234:(SAME), which is responsible for the characteristic "screeching" or "chirping" sounds at the start and end of each message. The first signal is the "header" which encodes, among other information, the alert type and locations, or the 7374: 4765: 1896:

The number of event types in the national system has grown to eighty. At first, all but three of the events (civil emergency message, immediate evacuation, and emergency action notification ) were weather-related (such as a

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on October 22. The errant Emergency Action Notification was relayed to some broadcasters and cable systems—particularly those not configured to reject EAN messages that did not match the current date. On May 19, 2015,

1869:. The test focused exclusively on distribution to broadcast outlets and television providers via the primary entry point network to gauge the efficiency of alert distribution in the event the internet cannot be used. 5490: 4604: 1460:

The FEMA National Radio System (FNARS) "Provides Primary Entry Point service to the Emergency Alert System", and acts as an emergency presidential link into the EAS. The FNARS net control station is located at the

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As of 2022, as part of a clarification and streamlining of terminology used in messages, further NPTs will now be referred to in the test message as a "Nationwide Test of the Emergency Alert System" issued by the

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to receive several false alerts (including a "Radiological Hazard Warning"), which contained irrelevant messages (including one suggesting that the provider change its passwords) and alert audio referencing

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that he, personally, wished that alerts could be updated in real-time in order to reflect the unpredictable nature of weather events, noting that the storm system's unexpected change in trajectory towards

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To protect the integrity of the system, and prevent false activations, the FCC prohibits the use of actual or simulated EAS/WEA tones and attention signals outside of genuine alerts, tests, or authorized

1611:. These decoders continuously monitor the signals from other nearby broadcast stations for EAS messages. For reliability, at least two source stations must be monitored, one of which must be a designated 7114:"In the Matter of Calvary Chapel of Costa Mesa, Inc., FM Radio Station KWVE San Clemente, California: Notice of Apparent Liability for Forfeiture Adopted: September 15, 2009 Released: September 17, 2009" 6162: 2865: 7335: 6315: 2357:; cable providers were fined $ 1.9 million by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) on March 3, 2014 for misuse of EAS tones. An event similar to this previously occurred in November 2013, when 6904: 6840: 6003: 4855: 1702:"live code" tests—which would simulate the process and response to an actual emergency, and authorizations to use the EAS tones in public service announcements that promote awareness of the system. 5973: 5434: 1488: 6969: 6348: 2048:, when a new satellite receiver at the state's EOC was accidentally connected to a live system before final internal testing of the new delivery path had been completed. The alert was followed by 2114:. Officials cited an error in the county's Code Red system; while the correct message was entered into the system, an error processing an abbreviated message for television resulted in the error. 7275: 6136: 6710: 5679: 4885: 356:

There are 77 radio stations designated as National Primary Stations in the Primary Entry Point (PEP) System to distribute presidential messages to other broadcast stations and cable systems.

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to address the country via all radio and television stations in the event of a national emergency. Despite this, neither the system nor its predecessors have been used in this manner. The

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systems, though Local Access Alert systems are still used from time to time. Its main improvement over the EBS, and perhaps its most distinctive feature, is its application of a

7208: 7142: 7029: 6627: 6748: 5130: 6991: 7438: 1524:. These tones have become infamous, and can be considered both frightening and annoying by listeners; in fact, the two tones, which form approximately the interval of a just 5482: 5295: 4596: 3542: 2437:. FTVLive's piece would be noted by the FCC in their decision against WTLV rendered on May 30, 2017, when it was given a $ 55,000 fine for carrying the offending Jaguars ad. 5547: 6589: 6254: 1975:, major earthquakes and three recent high-alert terrorist warnings", and that using it would have actually hindered the availability of live coverage from media outlets. 7448: 7423: 6650: 5374: 6558: 5649: 3263: 1622:(EAN, formerly Emergency Action Notification) immediately (47 CFR Part 11.54). Broadcasters traditionally have been allowed to opt out of relaying other alerts such as 7458: 4663: 3205: 5841: 5198: 4059: 3105: 2606:

On September 21, 2017, a technical glitch in another scheduled test by KWVE caused the end-of-message tone to be omitted, causing regional participants (particularly

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If possible, EAS participants must transmit the audio, and (where applicable) a visual display containing the extended text, from the associated CAP message.

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published an investigation finding that at least 50 EAS decoders by Digital Alert Systems had not been patched for a security vulnerability (use of a shared

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acknowledged these limitations, noting that "no president has ever used the current system or its technical predecessors in the last 50 years, despite the

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ignore the message or to relay it on the air if the message applies to the local area served by the station (following parameters set by the broadcaster).

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System for child abduction emergencies. In 2016, three additional weather alert codes were authorized for use in relation to hurricane events, including

1845: 1833:(NOAA/NWS) network as it is an initiation-only network and does not receive messages from the PEP network. The national test would transmit and relay an 1604: 1564: 294: 211: 6778: 6067: 4437: 3571: 2511:, for using the attention signal during its morning show on October 3, 2018 as part of a skit discussing the National Periodic Test held later that day. 7267: 7172: 6128: 2626:

program. Some viewers speculated that the system had been hacked, as the portion of the program relayed (where Swindoll was discussing the Bible verse

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The SAME header bursts are followed by an EAS attention tone, which lasts between 8 and 25 seconds, depending on the originating station. The tone is

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is the most critical part of the EAS design. It contains information about who originated the alert (the president, state or local authorities, the

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by airing a recording of the false message during its morning show. The relayed audio included the hosts' reactions and laughter to the clip.

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in Chicago being simulcast across almost every television and radio station in the Chicago area and throughout much of Illinois. A confused

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subscription. As noted above, rules implemented by the FCC on July 12, 2007 provisionally endorse incorporating CAP with the SAME protocol.

7453: 6933: 6497: 5512: 5160: 4260: 4156: 2630:, and stated, "Realize this, extremely violent times will come.") could be insinuated out of context as discussing an impending apocalypse. 2256: 1665: 7297: 3872: 3980: 2809: 1731: 6407: 5070: 4996:"FCC Press Release: "FCC Action Paves Way for First-Ever Presidential Alert to be Aired Across U.S. on Nation's Emergency Alert System"" 3420: 274: 1924:

In November 2020, Congress passed the Reliable Emergency Alert Distribution Improvement (READI) Act. First sponsored by Hawaii Senator

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system, with assurance that the tones used in the PSA contained a different set of codes designed not to activate EAS receivers.

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had threatened the launch of ballistic missiles towards Guam only a few days beforehand. Numerous calls to 911 operators and the

1968: 1607:(MVPD), hereafter "EAS participants", to install and maintain FCC-certified EAS decoders and encoders at their control points or 178:

in the United States designed to allow authorized officials to broadcast emergency alerts and warning messages to the public via

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that contained a Hazardous Materials Warning for the entire United States. The message contained a non-sequitur quote from the

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cited "the ubiquitous media environment" as justification for not using the EAS in their immediate aftermath. Glenn Collins of

1929: 1788: 1698: 1575:(CAP) and an internet network. IPAWS can be used to distribute alert information to EAS participants, supported mobile phones ( 3359: 5641: 4656: 4336: 3256: 2760: 2667: 2122: 1528:

at an unusually high pitch, were chosen specifically for their ability to draw attention, due to their unpleasantness on the

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The fifth NPT occurred on August 7, 2019, and moved up from past years to prevent it from occurring during the heart of the

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On November 9, 2011, the first National EAS Test was conducted. Many reported visuals or audio missing, and in the case of

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Once an EAN is received by an EAS participant from a PEP station (or any other participant) the message then "daisy chains

104: 3293: 6927:"In the Matter of TEGNA Inc., parent of Multimedia Holdings Corporation Licensee of Station WTLV, Jacksonville, Florida" 6871: 5836: 5577: 4634: 4120: 3822: 3000: 2771: 2719: 2688: 2678: 2456: 2324: 1536: 403: 227: 175: 61: 6467: 5344: 6276: 5220: 4724: 4390: 2529: 2344: 2080: 1852: 4505: 4306: 4238: 3800: 3768: 3733: 3481: 3391: 3333: 3234: 3172: 3140: 3076: 3036: 210:(WEA), a different but related system. However, both the EAS and WEA, among other systems, are coordinated under the 7083: 4473: 7473: 3897: 2570: 2196: 1723: 1619: 1521: 360: 350: 243: 219: 154: 32: 6437: 4933: 2781: 2615: 2555: 2533: 2434: 2358: 2236: 2212: 2126: 2003: 1866: 1576: 207: 99:

Varies; nationwide for national activation, limited to 31 locations at a time for regional activation, including

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played audio from the 2011 national test as part of a rant about a genuine test from Nashville's Fox affiliate,

285:(NOAA). The EAS regulations and standards are governed by the Public Safety and Homeland Security Bureau of the 7468: 5034: 4688: 4084: 2600: 2550: 2461: 2421: 2130: 2099: 2060:, host of the station's morning show at the time, was heard on-air wondering "what that beeping was all about". 2030: 1755: 1608: 1572: 1367: 346: 28: 6786: 6059: 4426: 3567: 7180: 6899: 6559:"Hackers take over Randolph County radio station's alert system, send out messages about fake zombie attack" 2730: 2305: 2088: 2076: 1588: 390: 2087:, but the transmission broadcast instead was a long period of silence, followed by a few words in Spanish. 6749:"'Walking Dead', 'Jimmy Kimmel Live' & Others Hit With FCC Fines For "Misusing" Emergency Alert Tones" 2607: 1901:). Since then, several classes of non-weather emergencies have been added, including, in most states, the 1751: 187: 100: 6438:"Zombie apocalypse now? Michigan TV stations' Emergency Alert Systems hacked with notice of walking dead" 5903: 5796: 4725:"FCC revises emergency alert system rules; reminds participants of June 30, 2012 CAP compliance deadline" 3503: 2722:(Mexico's Earthquake Early Warning System, which also employs Specific Area Message Encoding technology) 2413: 2208:

stated that the incident was a "mistake made during a standard procedure at the change over of a shift".

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An audio recording of the seventh National Periodic EAS test that occurred on October 4, 2023, heard on

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A Required Monthly Test (RMT) transmitted in New Jersey on April 15, 2014, as shown on a television set

5732: 4821: 4005: 7113: 6590:"WZZY 98.3FM zombie outbreak: Hacked radio station reports zombie attack in Randolph County, Indiana" 5100: 2425: 2417: 2372: 2273: 2244: 1999: 1946: 1906: 731: 613: 255: 183: 5702: 2290: 2248: 1988: 1910: 1295: 7398: 4758:"FEMA Adopts Digital Message Format for EAS CAP Standard, Triggering 180-Day Clock for Compliance" 1851:

A second national test, the first classified as an NPT, occurred on September 28, 2016 as part of

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with the existing "daisy chain" method of EAS distribution, providing a backup distribution path.

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industry blog FTVLive criticized the station for carrying it, especially during the peak of the

4461: 3861: 2098:, an alert was displayed on television calling for the immediate evacuation of the entirety of 2006:). The READI Act called for an inquiry into the distribution of alerts via internet platforms. 7366: 7237: 6098: 5775: 4878:"Ohio Weatherman Fires Back at 'Bachelorette' Fans After Tornado Warning Interrupts Broadcast" 3969: 2801: 2385: 2363: 2252: 2233: 2118: 2095: 2084: 2072: 2037: 1954: 1914: 1650: 1595:

alert audio for the benefit of the hard of hearing. The rules were enacted in September 2022.

1513: 3413: 322:, an attention signal, an audio announcement, and a digitally encoded end-of-message marker. 7359:"'Extremely violent times will come!': Ominous emergency alert was just a TV test gone awry" 5801: 2740: 2475: 2195:, which was claimed to be not a drill. 38 minutes later, it was announced by HI-EMA and the 1683: 179: 120: 4963: 2599:

quote as placeholder text. The error was also connected to conspiracy theories surrounding

4911: 2581: 2515: 2079:, were activated with an EAS alert shortly after 5 p.m. The message transmitted was for a 1898: 1627: 394: 290: 199: 195: 191: 6895:"Jacksonville's WTLV TV-12 owner fined for use of Emergency Alert tones in Jaguars promo" 5935: 4723:

Oxenford, Davis Wright Tremaine LLP-David D.; Tol, Jennifer; Frewer (February 10, 2012).

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that major weather events and other newsworthy situations—such as, most prominently, the

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On April 7, 2020, the FCC proposed a $ 20,000 fine against New York City radio station

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being fined $ 395,000 for using wireless emergency alert tones multiple times during a

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issued an emergency alert warning of a ballistic missile inbound threatening the region

2107: 1623: 1560: 1540: 1349: 717: 667: 7403: 7328:"End-of-world message on TV was just glitch from a test of the Emergency Alert System" 4563: 2895: 2259:, urged broadcasters to change their passwords and to recheck their security measures. 7412: 5055: 3650: 3446:"SBE Chapter 37 – Prior Meetings Page – AM Revitalization – WFED 1500 AM Transmitter" 2703: 2499: 2479: 2470: 2329: 1991:

resulted in only a nine-minute warning (the resulting tornado would kill 23 people).

1687: 1639: 585: 485: 453: 445: 297:(MVPDs), are required to participate in the system. Many countries have EAS as well. 6184: 5457:"FCC updates new Emergency Alert System rules to improve more message clarification" 5405:"No National Test this Year for FEMA's Integrated Public Alert & Warning System" 4657:"United States Code of Federal Regulations – 47 CFR 11.61 – Tests of EAS procedures" 3001:"Power Outage Incident Annex to the Response and Recovery Federal Interagency Plans" 1858:

The fourth NPT occurred on October 3, 2018 (delayed from September 20, 2018, due to

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during newsworthy situations (such as severe weather) to provide extended coverage.

7268:"New York Television Station Broadcasts Bizarre Warning Before Hoboken Train Crash" 6711:"False TV alert over 'radiological hazard' concerns Washington emergency officials" 6216:"Hawaii's scary false missile threat: Worker's push of the 'wrong button' to blame" 5024:"FCC Third Report and Order: In the Matter of Review of the Emergency Alert System" 3355: 2648: 2554:

their equipment offline. On September 15, 2009, the FCC fined the station's owner,

2482:

was fined $ 61,000 for including an EAS-like tone during a radio advertisement for

2451: 2302: 1995: 1950: 1925: 1679: 1525: 1179: 1132: 1128: 555: 457: 6960:"'Young Sheldon': FCC Proposes Six-Figure Fine For Misuse Of Emergency Alert Tone" 4328: 2929:. United States: United States Federal Communications Commission. 2001. p. 4. 2440:

The FCC issued several fines relating to EAS tone usage in August 2019, including

6159:"Hawaii missile alert: False alarm warns residents of "ballistic missile threat"" 5921: 2940: 1795: 1730: 2656: 2627: 2468:

being fined $ 68,000 for including footage of an actual WEA activation during a

2401: 2390: 2377: 2229: 2205: 2159: 2111: 2103: 2021: 1902: 1742:

Audio recording of the first national EAS test on November 9, 2011, as heard on

1631: 802: 471: 417: 267: 259: 2835: 89:

77 designated Primary Entry Point (PEP) stations. All commercial radio stations

6091:"Guam radio stations accidentally air emergency alert amid North Korea threat" 2755: 2638: 2430: 2002:

would inhibit their ability to receive emergency information (notwithstanding

1998:

has led to concerns that viewers' lessened use of broadcast media in favor of

1820: 1767: 1675: 1635: 1194: 489: 116: 7370: 7241: 6863: 6102: 1567:(IPAWS)—a national aggregator and distributor of alert information using the 5829:"Public Reaction to the Erroneous Statewide Broadcast of February 1st, 2005" 5770:. IMAS Publishing (USA) Inc. Archived from the original on October 24, 2001. 5161:"Nationwide Emergency Alert System Test Planned for September 27 - FEMA.gov" 2611: 2585: 2566: 1747: 1529: 1517: 1404: 1390: 1328: 1286: 1280: 1271: 1241: 1213: 1199: 1166: 1138: 1119: 1105: 1093: 1081: 1065: 1053: 1021: 956: 951: 942: 937: 928: 884: 817: 793: 767: 755: 708: 657: 604: 590: 576: 560: 542: 530: 494: 476: 422: 325: 6802:"FCC fines TBS $ 25,000 for simulating emergency alert tones in 'Conan' ad" 3356:"EAS Summit and PEP stations | Radio & Television Business Report" 3099:"Emergency Alert System Plan for the State of Maine, revised November 2017" 3037:"Virgin Islands Territorial Emergency Management Agency Annual Report 2011" 6375:"'Zombie Alert' Also Aired In Michigan; Hacking Traced To Overseas Source" 4495: 4296: 4228: 3790: 3758: 3723: 3471: 3381: 3329: 3230: 3162: 3130: 3072: 2642: 4481: 3908: 2309: 2201: 2053: 2049: 2045: 1964: 1862:). It was preceded by the first mandatory wireless emergency alert test. 1316: 1304: 1227: 1185: 1175: 1114: 1026: 1006: 997: 970: 923: 913: 908: 898: 893: 872: 862: 841: 696: 628: 599: 551: 462: 5883:

State police said they received no calls related to the erroneous alert.

5375:"FEMA Sets August For 2019 National EAS Test With Focus On PEP Stations" 3509:. North Carolina State Emergency Communications Committee. August 2011. 6833:""Multi-state cascade" of false emergency alerts nets $ 1 million fine" 6715: 6308:""Huge flaw" threatens US emergency alert system, DHS researcher warns" 6031: 2708: 2562: 2546: 2508: 2487: 2394: 2277: 2269: 1804: 1743: 1386: 1354: 1208: 1161: 1147: 836: 826: 807: 788: 750: 722: 684: 672: 564: 518: 449: 263: 6681:"Wave false alert remains mystery after 'residual' message airs again" 4788:"FCC Seeks to Improve Accessibility & Clarity of Emergency Alerts" 3724:"Kentucky Emergency Alert System New State Plan — Preliminary Summary" 3231:"State of Rhode Island Emergency Alert System (EAS) Plan, August 2017" 2091:

Emergency Management has stressed there was no emergency at the depot.

6408:"Seven Years Later, Scores of EAS Systems sit Un-patched, Vulnerable" 2693: 2528:

In an opposite move, in 2013 the FCC granted a one-year waiver for a

1615:. Participants are to retain the latest version of the EAS handbook. 1413: 1381: 1266: 1251: 992: 7230:"Did the national Emergency Alert System mistakenly play Lady Gaga?" 5513:"FEMA and FCC Plan Nationwide Emergency Alert Test for Oct. 4, 2023" 314:

Messages in the EAS are composed of four parts: a digitally encoded

7298:"End-of-world prediction interrupts TV broadcasts in Orange County" 3419:. Maryland State Emergency Communications Committee. January 2006. 47: 6932:(Press release). Federal Communications Commission. May 30, 2017. 5052:"FEMA, FCC Announce Nationwide Test Of The Emergency Alert System" 4006:"State of Louisiana Emergency Alert System (EAS) Operational Plan" 3073:"PUERTO RICO EMERGENCY ALERT SYSTEM STATE EAS PLAN SEPTEMBER 2010" 2699: 2169: 1844:

found that only half of the participants received the message via

1664: 1236: 1048: 431: 324: 5221:"Nationwide Emergency Alert System Test Planned for September 27" 5191:"Nationwide Emergency Alert System Test Planned for September 28" 5071:"Emergency Alert System: Why US is doing first national test now" 2603:, which claimed that the alert was a forewarning of the incident. 2416:

aired an ad several times during NBC's primetime coverage of the

2370:

During the October 24, 2014 episode of the syndicated radio show

1855:. A third national periodic test occurred on September 27, 2017. 3007: 2702:'s TEAC (Transfer Emergency Action Contact) channel in cases of 2577: 2493:

On September 9, 2019, the FCC proposed a $ 272,000 fine against

2483: 2409: 2381: 2286: 2154: 2150: 2146: 1418: 1372: 1363: 1256: 1222: 1152: 1069: 1038: 1011: 982: 965: 866: 853: 822: 779: 740: 736: 645: 633: 618: 506: 436: 408: 6620:"Wave cable meme hack affects 3,000 Jefferson County residents" 5918:"Inadvertent Activation of the Illinois Emergency Alert System" 6992:"CBS Fined $ 272,000 After FCC Concludes It Misused EAS Tones" 6651:"Hackers target cable TV alert system and send false messages" 6129:"Emergency officials mistakenly send out missile threat alert" 4500: 4301: 4233: 3795: 3763: 3728: 3476: 3386: 3167: 3135: 2494: 2405: 2351:

Tones from the EAS were used in the trailer for the 2013 film

1983: 1568: 1449: 1445: 1300: 7022:"FCC Proposes $ 20,000 Fine Against WNEW For Using EAS Tones" 5611:"Senate Approves 'READI' Act To Inform Public In Emergencies" 5318:"Emergency alert test sounds off on mobile phones nationwide" 3791:"Emergency Alert System (EAS) Plan for the State of Michigan" 5996:"Officials: Automated system caused false alert for Hermine" 1777: 1712: 6060:"Guam radio stations freak out island with emergency alert" 4633:. DHS/FEMA Wireless Program Management Team. Archived from 4597:"In Hardening EAS Lynchpins, FEMA Puts Confidence In Radio" 2808:. Federal Emergency Management Agency. September 18, 2018. 2576:

On September 28, 2016, an emergency alert was broadcast by

2514:

In January 2023, the FCC proposed a $ 504,000 fine against

2251:

were breached to play a false alert allegedly warning of a

2243:

In February 2013, the EAS equipment of several stations in

1634:) if they so choose. In practice, television stations with 7143:"State Broadcast Associations Appeal KWVE EAS Fine to FCC" 4297:"State of Arizona Emergency Alert System Operational Plan" 3898:"State of Wisconsin Emergency Alert System State EAS Plan" 6498:"Police say Mont. TV zombie hoax likely linked to others" 5703:"Text – H.R.6096 – 116th Congress (2019–2020): READI Act" 5483:"FEMA Says No National EAS Test is Planned for This Year" 4193:"State of Montana 2016 Emergency Alert System (EAS) Plan" 3257:"Emergency Alert System (EAS) Plan for Connecticut, V1.3" 2393:, who distributes the show and owns its flagship station 206:

is sometimes conflated with its mobile phone counterpart

6277:"Evacuation notice broadcast countywide made 'in error'" 6027:"False nuclear power plant warning worried NJ residents" 5642:"Sens. Schatz, Thune Introduce READI Act to Improve EAS" 4628:"Communications Systems for Public Health Contingencies" 4261:"South Dakota State Plan For The Emergency Alert System" 4157:"South Dakota State Plan For The Emergency Alert System" 2941:"Emergency broadcasts can be hacked, US researchers say" 1982:, Birmingham, Alabama NWS meteorologist Kevin Laws told 6247:"Los Angeles Evacuation Order Broadcast on TV in Error" 5942:. Everett, Washington. Associated Press. May 20, 2010. 3651:"Tennessee Statewide Emergency Alert System (EAS) Plan" 3382:"West Virginia Emergency Alert System Operational Plan" 3163:"Massachusetts Emergency Alert System Operational Plan" 3131:"Emergency Alert System Operational Plan December 2000" 5966:"Evacuation Alert for Suffolk County Mistakenly Given" 5288:"'Presidential Alert': Trump text slides to October 3" 3472:"Commonwealth of Virginia Emergency Alert System Plan" 2601:

a train crash in New Jersey that occurred the next day

1618:

EAS participants are required by federal law to relay

1433:

The National Public Warning System, also known as the

52:

The Emergency Alert System logo as of December 3, 2007

3823:"State of Illinois Emergency Alert System State Plan" 2323:

was hacked, causing approximately 3,000 customers in

2276:

accidentally triggered the EAS on television station

1872:

The sixth NPT was postponed to 2021 amid the ongoing

353:), and an identification of the originating station. 16:

Method of emergency broadcasting in the United States

7053:"FCC Proposes $ 504K Fine on Fox for EAS Violations" 6214:

Darrah, Nicole; Joyce, Kathleen (January 13, 2018).

5578:"Should Netflix and Hulu give you emergency alerts?" 5345:"Next Nationwide Emergency Test Set for August 2019" 3568:"State of Georgia Emergency Alert System (EAS) Plan" 2925:"Emergency Alert System 2001 AM & FM Handbook". 2183:

On January 13, 2018 at approximately 8:07 a.m.

2141:

On August 15, 2017 at approximately 12:25 a.m.

6468:"WZZY Hacked, Broadcasts Zombie Warning in Indiana" 5054:(Press release). FEMA. June 9, 2011. Archived from 4910:. Federal Communications Commission. Archived from 4689:"The Impact of IPAWS on Public Alerts and Warnings" 4427:"State of Hawaii Emergency Alert System (EAS) Plan" 4229:"Wyoming State Plan for The Emergency Alert System" 2121:, a Nuclear Power Plant Warning was issued for the 1520:is used instead, the same signal used by the older 150: 130: 93: 85: 81:

All broadcast television stations and cable systems

77: 67: 57: 6779:"False alarm 'Olympus' movie ad draws $ 1.9M fine" 5733:"House Passes Emergency Alert-Focused 'READI' Act" 5257:"Mark Your Calendars: Next EAS Test Date Affirmed" 3504:"North Carolina Emergency Alert System State Plan" 2033:did not receive any calls related to the incident. 1697:In July 2018, in response to the aftermath of the 7084:"ABA Tells Members It's Okay to Air New WEA PSAs" 4391:"State of California Emergency Alert System Plan" 3934:"Minnesota Emergency Alert System Statewide Plan" 3759:"State of Ohio Emergency Alert System (EAS) Plan" 2361:was fined $ 25,000 for the use of EAS tones in a 2178:was issued warning of a missile threat to Hawaii. 1949:in 2001—receive from television broadcasters and 3294:"New York State Emergency Alert System EAS Plan" 2927:Emergency Alert System 2001 AM & FM Handbook 2518:for using EAS tones during a promo broadcast of 246:, the system is primarily designed to allow the 5540:"House Approves Bill Bringing EAS to Streaming" 4474:"Participating National (PN) Monitoring Matrix" 2429:authorities pulled the advertisement after the 2219:stated that the alert had been issued in error. 2129:Nuclear Power Plants. The alert was issued for 283:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 7204:Directv emergency alert test Lady gaga 11–9–11 5936:"Glitch scrambles Oregon thunderstorm warning" 5867:"False Alarm, Connecticut Not Being Evacuated" 5131:"The 2016 National EAS Test Will Be Different" 4329:"Utah State Emergency Alert System (EAS) Plan" 3330:"Delaware Emergency Alert Statewide Plan 2016" 3195:"State of Vermont Emergency Alert System Plan" 2802:"Integrated Public Alert & Warning System" 2228:EAS equipment has been the subject of various 5896:"Emergency Alert System Activated By Mistake" 4496:"State of Alaska Emergency Alert System Plan" 2454:being fined $ 104,000 for using the tones in 1500:station. On commercial broadcast stations, a 8: 4531:"WLW PEP Station to Test New Studio Shelter" 4085:"Nebraska State Emergency Alert System Plan" 2696:(UK's former National Attack Warning System) 2420:produced by the marketing department of the 2083:, issued by the National Weather Service in 1603:The FCC requires all broadcast stations and 40: 6185:"Hawaii sends out missile alert by mistake" 5840:. Center for Survey Research and Analysis. 2315:On February 20, 2020, the EAS equipment of 1953:. Following the attacks, then-FCC chairman 1837:on November 9, 2011 at 2:00 p.m. EST. 1605:multichannel video programming distributors 295:multichannel video programming distributors 7439:Disaster preparedness in the United States 7404:FCC notice regarding possible improvements 4964:"FCC PROMOTES EMERGENCY ALERT RELIABILITY" 2117:On May 23, 2017, at around 8:55 p.m. 1846:Integrated Public Alert and Warning System 1565:Integrated Public Alert and Warning System 365: 289:. All broadcast television, broadcast and 212:Integrated Public Alert and Warning System 46: 39: 5538:Balderston, Michael (November 18, 2020). 2859: 2857: 2052:, and then audio from designated station 1690:mentioned in individual EAS state plans. 1640:interrupt regularly-scheduled programming 1463:Mount Weather Emergency Operations Center 7449:Mass media companies established in 1997 7424:1997 establishments in the United States 6529:"TV zombie-attack warning a false alarm" 5672:"New Law Would Put EAS Alerts On Repeat" 5101:"September 28, 2016 Nationwide EAS Test" 4852:"Electronic Code of Federal Regulations" 4651: 4649: 4647: 254:in these situations, such as during the 7459:United States communications regulation 7377:from the original on September 30, 2017 7338:from the original on September 30, 2017 7308:from the original on September 29, 2017 6402: 6400: 6070:from the original on September 21, 2017 5298:from the original on September 18, 2018 5237:from the original on September 16, 2017 5201:from the original on September 30, 2016 5033:. FCC. February 3, 2011. Archived from 5005:. FCC. February 3, 2011. Archived from 4832:from the original on September 30, 2022 4798:from the original on September 30, 2022 4443:from the original on September 21, 2021 3663:from the original on September 23, 2021 3310:from the original on September 29, 2020 2812:from the original on September 22, 2018 2793: 2726:National Severe Weather Warning Service 2004:availability of alerts on mobile phones 1559:Under a 2006 executive order issued by 6812:from the original on December 14, 2017 6742: 6740: 6738: 6448:from the original on February 14, 2013 6368: 6366: 6341:"Zombie hack blamed on easy passwords" 6335: 6333: 6287:from the original on September 6, 2022 6257:from the original on September 6, 2022 6245:Ladden-Hall, Dan (September 1, 2022). 5976:from the original on November 28, 2018 5809:from the original on February 15, 2017 5773: 5762:Stine, Randy J. (September 26, 2001). 5743:from the original on November 30, 2020 5737:Radio & Television Business Report 5713:from the original on November 17, 2020 5261:Radio & Television Business Report 5081:from the original on December 14, 2011 4976:from the original on September 6, 2018 4820:Winslow, George (September 29, 2022). 4815: 4813: 4101:from the original on December 22, 2021 3950:from the original on November 23, 2021 3704:from the original on December 16, 2019 3516:from the original on December 30, 2021 3426:from the original on December 29, 2021 3336:from the original on November 23, 2020 2951:from the original on December 22, 2018 2876:from the original on November 21, 2016 2263:2013 Emergency Alert System Hijackings 1818: 1765: 1535:The message ends with 3 bursts of the 231: 218:(FCC) in November 1994, replacing the 7434:Cold War history of the United States 7357:Bever, Lindsey (September 22, 2017). 7248:from the original on October 31, 2022 7211:from the original on October 31, 2022 7063:from the original on February 7, 2023 7002:from the original on October 18, 2020 6874:from the original on October 30, 2014 6649:Johnson, Graham (February 22, 2020). 6418:from the original on January 29, 2020 6226:from the original on January 14, 2018 6165:from the original on January 13, 2018 6139:from the original on January 13, 2018 6109:from the original on January 15, 2018 6006:from the original on January 29, 2020 5920:. FEMA. June 28, 2007. Archived from 5869:. WestportNow.com. February 1, 2005. 5797:"Connecticut Evacuation: False Alarm" 5701:McNerney, Jerry (November 18, 2020). 5605: 5603: 5571: 5569: 5567: 5565: 5463:from the original on October 11, 2022 5459:. Radioinsight.com. October 2, 2022. 4888:from the original on October 14, 2019 4752: 4750: 4718: 4716: 4714: 4591: 4589: 4558: 4556: 4525: 4523: 4407:from the original on January 25, 2022 4385: 4383: 4381: 4379: 4359:"Broadcasters and Wireless Providers" 4137:from the original on October 24, 2021 4043: 4041: 4039: 4037: 4022:from the original on November 2, 2021 3856: 3854: 3771:from the original on October 22, 2021 3753: 3751: 3682: 3680: 3678: 3645: 3643: 3641: 3593: 3591: 3589: 3362:from the original on January 19, 2022 3288: 3286: 3284: 3079:from the original on December 9, 2017 2751:Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service 2497:for using simulated EAS tones in the 2094:On September 3, 2016, in the wake of 367:List of Primary Entry Point stations 7: 7444:Emergency population warning systems 6958:Pedersen, Erik (September 9, 2019). 6759:from the original on August 16, 2019 6527:Hubbuch, Chris (February 13, 2013). 5795:Pazinokas, Mark (February 2, 2005). 5324:from the original on October 3, 2018 5171:from the original on October 1, 2016 4768:from the original on August 24, 2019 4699:from the original on August 24, 2019 3548:from the original on August 14, 2023 3536:"EAS PLAN Jan 2004 rev 06 30 19.PDF" 2896:"The National Public Warning System" 2864:Collins, Glenn (December 21, 2001). 2257:Michigan Association of Broadcasters 7179:. November 17, 2009. Archived from 7094:from the original on April 28, 2023 6972:from the original on April 27, 2021 6864:"NERW Extra: A Few Words About EAS" 6723:from the original on March 27, 2020 6539:from the original on August 8, 2019 6508:from the original on August 8, 2019 6478:from the original on August 8, 2019 6385:from the original on August 8, 2019 6373:Memmott, Mark (February 12, 2013). 6351:from the original on August 8, 2019 6318:from the original on August 6, 2022 6039:from the original on March 26, 2023 5682:from the original on April 28, 2019 5652:from the original on April 28, 2019 5621:from the original on April 28, 2019 5588:from the original on April 28, 2019 5519:from the original on August 7, 2023 4854:. National Archives. Archived from 4822:"FCC Updates Emergency Alert Rules" 4735:from the original on March 19, 2022 4508:from the original on April 17, 2022 4339:from the original on April 15, 2023 4309:from the original on March 16, 2022 4277:from the original on March 26, 2022 4241:from the original on March 16, 2022 4173:from the original on March 26, 2022 4065:from the original on April 17, 2022 3878:from the original on March 26, 2022 3736:from the original on March 16, 2022 3626:from the original on April 24, 2023 3598:Florida Association of Broadcasters 3574:from the original on April 15, 2022 3484:from the original on March 16, 2022 3394:from the original on March 16, 2022 3237:from the original on March 16, 2022 3143:from the original on March 16, 2022 3111:from the original on March 26, 2022 3017:from the original on April 16, 2022 2036:On June 26, 2007 at 7:35 a.m. 275:Federal Emergency Management Agency 7278:from the original on July 14, 2022 7032:from the original on April 8, 2020 6862:Fybush, Scott (October 28, 2014). 6747:Pedersen, Erik (August 16, 2019). 6691:from the original on April 6, 2020 6630:from the original on April 6, 2020 6600:from the original on March 9, 2017 6569:from the original on March 8, 2017 6195:from the original on July 24, 2018 6089:Haas, Benjamin (August 15, 2017). 5946:from the original on July 12, 2010 5873:from the original on April 2, 2019 5847:from the original on June 14, 2010 5764:"Terrorism Attacks Cue EAS Debate" 5550:from the original on March 3, 2021 5437:from the original on July 28, 2021 5411:from the original on July 26, 2020 5385:from the original on July 29, 2019 5355:from the original on July 29, 2019 5267:from the original on July 25, 2018 5069:Clayton, Mark (November 9, 2011). 4944:from the original on July 13, 2018 4669:from the original on July 26, 2014 4607:from the original on July 29, 2019 4574:from the original on July 30, 2019 4541:from the original on April 1, 2019 4209:from the original on July 24, 2021 3986:from the original on March 3, 2023 3269:from the original on March 2, 2022 3211:from the original on March 2, 2023 3053:from the original on March 8, 2022 2981:from the original on July 31, 2019 2906:from the original on June 14, 2017 2842:from the original on April 5, 2015 2189:Hawaii Emergency Management Agency 2166:were made following the broadcast. 25:Emergency Warning Broadcast system 14: 7429:Broadcasting in the United States 7149:. October 9, 2009. Archived from 7121:Federal Communications Commission 6939:from the original on July 8, 2017 6907:from the original on June 6, 2017 6843:from the original on May 29, 2019 6800:Welch, Chris (November 6, 2013). 6661:from the original on June 8, 2020 5640:Ashworth, Susan (July 23, 2018). 5576:Wattles, Jackie (March 8, 2019). 5228:Federal Communications Commission 5195:Federal Communications Commission 5111:from the original on June 8, 2017 5105:Federal Communications Commission 4792:Federal Communications Commission 3839:from the original on May 18, 2021 3803:from the original on May 30, 2021 3452:from the original on May 27, 2022 3175:from the original on May 22, 2021 2971:"'Hello, This Is Your President'" 2766:Standard Emergency Warning Signal 2384:, that interrupted Game 2 of the 1980:tornado outbreak of March 3, 2019 1842:Federal Communications Commission 279:Federal Communications Commission 273:It is jointly coordinated by the 216:Federal Communications Commission 7082:Stimson, Leslie (June 3, 2013). 5493:from the original on May 2, 2022 5343:Ashworth, Susan (May 29, 2019). 2674:Earthquake Early Warning (Japan) 2641: 1819:Problems playing this file? See 1793: 1766:Problems playing this file? See 1728: 1682:, with other events such as the 2684:Emergency Public Warning System 2217:Ventura County Sheriff's Office 2164:Department of Homeland Security 1943:immediate and constant coverage 270:, and other civil emergencies. 7051:Tom Butts (January 25, 2023). 6306:Goodin, Dan (August 5, 2022). 4121:"State Alert and Warning Plan" 4049:"Texas Emergency Alert System" 2761:Specific Area Message Encoding 2668:Digital Emergency Alert System 316:Specific Area Message Encoding 310:Specific Area Message Encoding 248:President of the United States 232:Specific Area Message Encoding 228:digitally encoded audio signal 222:(EBS), and largely supplanted 1: 7464:United States warning systems 7173:"FCC Dismisses KWVE EAS Fine" 6831:Brodkin, Jon (May 19, 2015). 6588:O'Keefe, PJ (March 3, 2017). 2836:"What is Conelrad? EBS? EAS?" 2042:Emergency Action Notification 1835:Emergency Action Notification 1699:false missile alert in Hawaii 1512:attention signal of 853 6893:Dixon, Drew (May 30, 2017). 5837:George Washington University 5515:. fema.gov. August 3, 2023. 4908:"State EAS Plans and Chairs" 2772:Wartime Broadcasting Service 2720:Mexican Seismic Alert System 2689:Flash Flood Guidance Systems 2679:Emergency population warning 2618:) to simulcast a portion of 2345:public service announcements 2338:Tone usage outside of alerts 1547:, preceded each time by the 1429:Primary Entry Point stations 907:Northwest Indiana, northern 835:Middle Tennessee, southwest 404:United States Virgin Islands 7454:United States civil defense 6281:Santa Clarita Valley Signal 6025:Hall, Gray (May 24, 2017). 5433:. FEMA.gov. June 11, 2021. 2081:severe thunderstorm warning 2044:was accidentally issued in 1853:National Preparedness Month 1620:National Emergency Messages 922:Southern Illinois, Eastern 7490: 3202:vabnow.files.wordpress.com 2400:From August 4 to 6, 2016, 2260: 2197:Honolulu Police Department 1969:presidential assassination 1930:Hawaii false missile alert 1522:Emergency Broadcast System 361:National Emergency Message 307: 244:Emergency Broadcast System 220:Emergency Broadcast System 155:Emergency Broadcast System 33:Emergency Broadcast System 18: 7234:Christian Science Monitor 5780:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 5286:Stracqualursi, Veronica. 5075:Christian Science Monitor 3862:"Missouri State EAS Plan" 2782:Wireless Emergency Alerts 2556:Calvary Chapel Costa Mesa 2534:Wireless Emergency Alerts 2435:Atlantic hurricane season 2211:On August 31, 2022, amid 2071:tone alert radios in the 1867:Atlantic hurricane season 1789:Seventh National EAS Test 1638:departments will usually 1577:Wireless Emergency Alerts 252:ubiquity of news coverage 208:Wireless Emergency Alerts 45: 21:Wireless Emergency Alerts 6133:Honolulu Star-Advertiser 4626:Merlin, Ross Z. (2004). 3688:"Indiana State EAS Plan" 2551:San Clemente, California 2422:National Football League 2204:). HI-EMA administrator 2031:Connecticut State Police 2000:streaming video services 1882:United States Government 1579:), and other platforms. 1573:Common Alerting Protocol 347:National Weather Service 62:Emergency warning system 29:Emergency Warning System 19:Not to be confused with 6900:The Florida Times-Union 3695:indianabroadcasters.org 2731:National Warning System 2268:In a related incident, 2174:On January 13, 2018, a 2077:Umatilla Chemical Depot 2020:On February 1, 2005 in 1892:Additions and proposals 1589:backwards compatibility 176:national warning system 7419:Emergency Alert System 7334:. September 23, 2017. 7332:Orange County Register 7304:. September 21, 2017. 7302:Orange County Register 6998:. September 10, 2019. 5197:. September 26, 2016. 4969:. FCC. July 12, 2018. 4882:The Hollywood Reporter 4764:. September 30, 2010. 2474:episode filmed during 2285:On February 28, 2017, 2224:Cybersecurity breaches 2179: 2096:Tropical Storm Hermine 1782: 1752:Charter Communications 1717: 1670: 1551:10101011 calibration. 705:Western South Carolina 693:Western North Carolina 681:Central North Carolina 527:North Central New York 515:South Central New York 330: 204:Emergency Alert System 168:Emergency Alert System 138:; 27 years ago 41:Emergency Alert System 6789:on December 31, 2014. 6719:. February 21, 2020. 6626:. February 26, 2020. 6444:. February 12, 2013. 6283:. September 1, 2022. 6002:. September 6, 2016. 5739:. November 17, 2020. 5678:. December 18, 2018. 5040:on February 10, 2011. 4794:. December 15, 2021. 3358:. February 24, 2014. 2545:On October 19, 2008, 2414:Jacksonville, Florida 2173: 1973:Oklahoma City bombing 1965:Soviet missile crisis 1781: 1750:and the cable EAS of 1716: 1668: 329:A Sage EAS ENDEC unit 328: 293:stations, as well as 7236:. November 9, 2011. 6685:Port Townsend Leader 6624:Port Townsend Leader 6414:. January 27, 2020. 6135:. January 13, 2018. 4695:. January 17, 2011. 4603:. October 25, 2018. 4570:. October 22, 2018. 4564:"FEMA Upgrading WLW" 4537:. October 22, 2018. 4484:on October 22, 2021. 2977:. February 2, 2010. 2426:Jacksonville Jaguars 2418:2016 Summer Olympics 2373:The Bobby Bones Show 2274:La Crosse, Wisconsin 2245:Great Falls, Montana 2191:(HI-EMA) mistakenly 1947:September 11 attacks 1907:Extreme Wind Warning 1599:Station requirements 1543:, which is the text 614:District of Columbia 573:Western Pennsylvania 256:September 11 attacks 7399:Consumer facts page 7274:. October 3, 2016. 6412:The Security Ledger 3970:"Iowa Public Radio" 3914:on January 20, 2022 3301:nysbroadcasters.org 2291:Winchester, Indiana 2249:Marquette, Michigan 1928:in response to the 1911:Storm Surge Warning 1649:transfer them to a 1456:Communication links 1435:Primary Entry Point 1325:Northern California 1296:Southern California 1035:Northwest Louisiana 869:, southeast Indiana 368: 202:radio. Informally, 42: 7123:. December 6, 2016 6965:Deadline Hollywood 6687:. March 11, 2020. 6345:chicagotribune.com 5906:on August 6, 2008. 5107:. April 21, 2017. 4762:Broadcast Law Blog 4662:. access.gpo.gov. 3610:"Alabama EAS Plan" 2870:The New York Times 2777:Weatheradio Canada 2736:NOAA Weather Radio 2715:Local Access Alert 2624:Insight for Living 2597:Green Eggs and Ham 2591:Green Eggs and Ham 2532:pertaining to the 2354:Olympus Has Fallen 2180: 2065:NOAA Weather Radio 1960:The New York Times 1860:Hurricane Florence 1831:NOAA Weather Radio 1809:Mankato, Minnesota 1783: 1718: 1671: 1498:NOAA Weather Radio 1313:Central California 991:Western Missouri, 503:Northeast New York 366: 331: 224:Local Access Alert 159:Local Access Alert 7474:Tornado outbreaks 7028:. April 7, 2020. 6565:. March 1, 2017. 6533:La Crosse Tribune 6474:. March 3, 2017. 5924:on July 17, 2007. 5263:. July 23, 2018. 5230:. July 14, 2016. 5058:on June 14, 2011. 5012:on March 4, 2011. 4914:on April 16, 2014 4640:on June 25, 2008. 2823:single interface. 2524:in November 2021. 2447:Jimmy Kimmel Live 2386:2014 World Series 2297:In January 2020, 2253:zombie apocalypse 2073:Hermiston, Oregon 2063:On May 19, 2010, 2026:mistakenly issued 1955:Michael K. Powell 1915:Storm Surge Watch 1874:COVID-19 pandemic 1798: 1737: 1724:National EAS Test 1426: 1425: 1368:Northern Marianas 304:Technical concept 164: 163: 7481: 7387: 7386: 7384: 7382: 7354: 7348: 7347: 7345: 7343: 7324: 7318: 7317: 7315: 7313: 7294: 7288: 7287: 7285: 7283: 7264: 7258: 7257: 7255: 7253: 7226: 7220: 7219: 7218: 7216: 7199: 7193: 7192: 7190: 7188: 7183:on July 15, 2011 7169: 7163: 7162: 7160: 7158: 7139: 7133: 7132: 7130: 7128: 7118: 7110: 7104: 7103: 7101: 7099: 7079: 7073: 7072: 7070: 7068: 7048: 7042: 7041: 7039: 7037: 7018: 7012: 7011: 7009: 7007: 6988: 6982: 6981: 6979: 6977: 6955: 6949: 6948: 6946: 6944: 6938: 6931: 6923: 6917: 6916: 6914: 6912: 6890: 6884: 6883: 6881: 6879: 6859: 6853: 6852: 6850: 6848: 6828: 6822: 6821: 6819: 6817: 6797: 6791: 6790: 6785:. Archived from 6775: 6769: 6768: 6766: 6764: 6744: 6733: 6732: 6730: 6728: 6707: 6701: 6700: 6698: 6696: 6677: 6671: 6670: 6668: 6666: 6646: 6640: 6639: 6637: 6635: 6616: 6610: 6609: 6607: 6605: 6585: 6579: 6578: 6576: 6574: 6555: 6549: 6548: 6546: 6544: 6524: 6518: 6517: 6515: 6513: 6494: 6488: 6487: 6485: 6483: 6464: 6458: 6457: 6455: 6453: 6434: 6428: 6427: 6425: 6423: 6404: 6395: 6394: 6392: 6390: 6370: 6361: 6360: 6358: 6356: 6337: 6328: 6327: 6325: 6323: 6303: 6297: 6296: 6294: 6292: 6273: 6267: 6266: 6264: 6262: 6242: 6236: 6235: 6233: 6231: 6211: 6205: 6204: 6202: 6200: 6181: 6175: 6174: 6172: 6170: 6155: 6149: 6148: 6146: 6144: 6125: 6119: 6118: 6116: 6114: 6086: 6080: 6079: 6077: 6075: 6055: 6049: 6048: 6046: 6044: 6032:6ABC Action News 6022: 6016: 6015: 6013: 6011: 5992: 5986: 5985: 5983: 5981: 5962: 5956: 5955: 5953: 5951: 5932: 5926: 5925: 5914: 5908: 5907: 5902:. Archived from 5892: 5886: 5885: 5880: 5878: 5863: 5857: 5856: 5854: 5852: 5846: 5833: 5825: 5819: 5818: 5816: 5814: 5802:Hartford Courant 5792: 5786: 5785: 5779: 5771: 5759: 5753: 5752: 5750: 5748: 5729: 5723: 5722: 5720: 5718: 5707:www.congress.gov 5698: 5692: 5691: 5689: 5687: 5668: 5662: 5661: 5659: 5657: 5637: 5631: 5630: 5628: 5626: 5607: 5598: 5597: 5595: 5593: 5573: 5560: 5559: 5557: 5555: 5535: 5529: 5528: 5526: 5524: 5509: 5503: 5502: 5500: 5498: 5479: 5473: 5472: 5470: 5468: 5453: 5447: 5446: 5444: 5442: 5427: 5421: 5420: 5418: 5416: 5401: 5395: 5394: 5392: 5390: 5381:. May 24, 2019. 5371: 5365: 5364: 5362: 5360: 5340: 5334: 5333: 5331: 5329: 5314: 5308: 5307: 5305: 5303: 5283: 5277: 5276: 5274: 5272: 5253: 5247: 5246: 5244: 5242: 5236: 5225: 5217: 5211: 5210: 5208: 5206: 5187: 5181: 5180: 5178: 5176: 5157: 5151: 5150: 5148: 5146: 5141:on July 18, 2018 5137:. 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Archived from 3902: 3894: 3888: 3887: 3885: 3883: 3877: 3866: 3858: 3849: 3848: 3846: 3844: 3838: 3827: 3819: 3813: 3812: 3810: 3808: 3787: 3781: 3780: 3778: 3776: 3755: 3746: 3745: 3743: 3741: 3720: 3714: 3713: 3711: 3709: 3703: 3692: 3684: 3673: 3672: 3670: 3668: 3662: 3655: 3647: 3636: 3635: 3633: 3631: 3625: 3614: 3606: 3600: 3595: 3584: 3583: 3581: 3579: 3564: 3558: 3557: 3555: 3553: 3547: 3540: 3532: 3526: 3525: 3523: 3521: 3515: 3508: 3500: 3494: 3493: 3491: 3489: 3468: 3462: 3461: 3459: 3457: 3442: 3436: 3435: 3433: 3431: 3425: 3418: 3410: 3404: 3403: 3401: 3399: 3378: 3372: 3371: 3369: 3367: 3352: 3346: 3345: 3343: 3341: 3326: 3320: 3319: 3317: 3315: 3309: 3298: 3290: 3279: 3278: 3276: 3274: 3268: 3261: 3253: 3247: 3246: 3244: 3242: 3227: 3221: 3220: 3218: 3216: 3210: 3199: 3191: 3185: 3184: 3182: 3180: 3159: 3153: 3152: 3150: 3148: 3127: 3121: 3120: 3118: 3116: 3110: 3103: 3095: 3089: 3088: 3086: 3084: 3069: 3063: 3062: 3060: 3058: 3052: 3041: 3033: 3027: 3026: 3024: 3022: 3016: 3005: 2997: 2991: 2990: 2988: 2986: 2967: 2961: 2960: 2958: 2956: 2947:. 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May 12, 2017. 2892: 2886: 2885: 2883: 2881: 2861: 2852: 2851: 2849: 2847: 2832: 2826: 2825: 2819: 2817: 2798: 2741:Nuclear football 2651: 2646: 2645: 2490:'s morning show. 2476:Hurricane Harvey 2457:The Walking Dead 2325:Jefferson County 2319:-based provider 1800: 1799: 1780: 1739: 1738: 1715: 1706:Nationwide tests 1684:Indianapolis 500 1546: 1516:and 960 Hz 1511: 1510: 1509: 1507: 1495: 1494: 1493: 1491: 1471: 979:Central Missouri 654:Western Virginia 642:Central Virginia 539:Western New York 372:Operational area 369: 344: 343: 342: 340: 146: 144: 139: 121:Washington, D.C. 50: 43: 7489: 7488: 7484: 7483: 7482: 7480: 7479: 7478: 7469:Nuclear warfare 7409: 7408: 7395: 7390: 7380: 7378: 7363:Washington Post 7356: 7355: 7351: 7341: 7339: 7326: 7325: 7321: 7311: 7309: 7296: 7295: 7291: 7281: 7279: 7266: 7265: 7261: 7251: 7249: 7228: 7227: 7223: 7214: 7212: 7201: 7200: 7196: 7186: 7184: 7171: 7170: 7166: 7156: 7154: 7153:on June 2, 2011 7141: 7140: 7136: 7126: 7124: 7116: 7112: 7111: 7107: 7097: 7095: 7081: 7080: 7076: 7066: 7064: 7050: 7049: 7045: 7035: 7033: 7020: 7019: 7015: 7005: 7003: 6990: 6989: 6985: 6975: 6973: 6957: 6956: 6952: 6942: 6940: 6936: 6929: 6925: 6924: 6920: 6910: 6908: 6892: 6891: 6887: 6877: 6875: 6861: 6860: 6856: 6846: 6844: 6830: 6829: 6825: 6815: 6813: 6799: 6798: 6794: 6777: 6776: 6772: 6762: 6760: 6746: 6745: 6736: 6726: 6724: 6709: 6708: 6704: 6694: 6692: 6679: 6678: 6674: 6664: 6662: 6648: 6647: 6643: 6633: 6631: 6618: 6617: 6613: 6603: 6601: 6587: 6586: 6582: 6572: 6570: 6557: 6556: 6552: 6542: 6540: 6526: 6525: 6521: 6511: 6509: 6496: 6495: 6491: 6481: 6479: 6466: 6465: 6461: 6451: 6449: 6436: 6435: 6431: 6421: 6419: 6406: 6405: 6398: 6388: 6386: 6372: 6371: 6364: 6354: 6352: 6339: 6338: 6331: 6321: 6319: 6305: 6304: 6300: 6290: 6288: 6275: 6274: 6270: 6260: 6258: 6251:The Daily Beast 6244: 6243: 6239: 6229: 6227: 6213: 6212: 6208: 6198: 6196: 6183: 6182: 6178: 6168: 6166: 6157: 6156: 6152: 6142: 6140: 6127: 6126: 6122: 6112: 6110: 6088: 6087: 6083: 6073: 6071: 6057: 6056: 6052: 6042: 6040: 6024: 6023: 6019: 6009: 6007: 5994: 5993: 5989: 5979: 5977: 5964: 5963: 5959: 5949: 5947: 5934: 5933: 5929: 5916: 5915: 5911: 5900:cbs2chicago.com 5894: 5893: 5889: 5876: 5874: 5865: 5864: 5860: 5850: 5848: 5844: 5831: 5827: 5826: 5822: 5812: 5810: 5794: 5793: 5789: 5772: 5761: 5760: 5756: 5746: 5744: 5731: 5730: 5726: 5716: 5714: 5700: 5699: 5695: 5685: 5683: 5676:Insideradio.com 5670: 5669: 5665: 5655: 5653: 5639: 5638: 5634: 5624: 5622: 5609: 5608: 5601: 5591: 5589: 5575: 5574: 5563: 5553: 5551: 5537: 5536: 5532: 5522: 5520: 5511: 5510: 5506: 5496: 5494: 5487:Insideradio.com 5481: 5480: 5476: 5466: 5464: 5455: 5454: 5450: 5440: 5438: 5429: 5428: 5424: 5414: 5412: 5403: 5402: 5398: 5388: 5386: 5379:Insideradio.com 5373: 5372: 5368: 5358: 5356: 5342: 5341: 5337: 5327: 5325: 5316: 5315: 5311: 5301: 5299: 5285: 5284: 5280: 5270: 5268: 5255: 5254: 5250: 5240: 5238: 5234: 5223: 5219: 5218: 5214: 5204: 5202: 5189: 5188: 5184: 5174: 5172: 5159: 5158: 5154: 5144: 5142: 5129: 5128: 5124: 5114: 5112: 5099: 5098: 5094: 5084: 5082: 5068: 5067: 5063: 5050: 5049: 5045: 5037: 5026: 5022: 5021: 5017: 5009: 4998: 4994: 4993: 4989: 4979: 4977: 4973: 4966: 4962: 4961: 4957: 4947: 4945: 4932: 4931: 4927: 4917: 4915: 4906: 4905: 4901: 4891: 4889: 4876: 4875: 4871: 4861: 4859: 4858:on May 29, 2012 4850: 4849: 4845: 4835: 4833: 4819: 4818: 4811: 4801: 4799: 4786: 4785: 4781: 4771: 4769: 4756: 4755: 4748: 4738: 4736: 4722: 4721: 4712: 4702: 4700: 4693:www.govtech.com 4687: 4686: 4682: 4672: 4670: 4666: 4659: 4655: 4654: 4645: 4637: 4630: 4625: 4624: 4620: 4610: 4608: 4601:Insideradio.com 4595: 4594: 4587: 4577: 4575: 4562: 4561: 4554: 4544: 4542: 4529: 4528: 4521: 4511: 4509: 4494: 4493: 4489: 4472: 4471: 4467: 4460: 4456: 4446: 4444: 4440: 4429: 4425: 4424: 4420: 4410: 4408: 4404: 4393: 4389: 4388: 4377: 4367: 4365: 4357: 4356: 4352: 4342: 4340: 4327: 4326: 4322: 4312: 4310: 4295: 4294: 4290: 4280: 4278: 4274: 4263: 4259: 4258: 4254: 4244: 4242: 4227: 4226: 4222: 4212: 4210: 4206: 4195: 4191: 4190: 4186: 4176: 4174: 4170: 4159: 4155: 4154: 4150: 4140: 4138: 4134: 4123: 4119: 4118: 4114: 4104: 4102: 4098: 4087: 4083: 4082: 4078: 4068: 4066: 4062: 4051: 4047: 4046: 4035: 4025: 4023: 4019: 4008: 4004: 4003: 3999: 3989: 3987: 3983: 3972: 3968: 3967: 3963: 3953: 3951: 3947: 3936: 3932: 3931: 3927: 3917: 3915: 3911: 3900: 3896: 3895: 3891: 3881: 3879: 3875: 3864: 3860: 3859: 3852: 3842: 3840: 3836: 3825: 3821: 3820: 3816: 3806: 3804: 3789: 3788: 3784: 3774: 3772: 3757: 3756: 3749: 3739: 3737: 3722: 3721: 3717: 3707: 3705: 3701: 3690: 3686: 3685: 3676: 3666: 3664: 3660: 3653: 3649: 3648: 3639: 3629: 3627: 3623: 3612: 3608: 3607: 3603: 3596: 3587: 3577: 3575: 3570:. May 1, 2015. 3566: 3565: 3561: 3551: 3549: 3545: 3538: 3534: 3533: 3529: 3519: 3517: 3513: 3506: 3502: 3501: 3497: 3487: 3485: 3470: 3469: 3465: 3455: 3453: 3444: 3443: 3439: 3429: 3427: 3423: 3416: 3412: 3411: 3407: 3397: 3395: 3380: 3379: 3375: 3365: 3363: 3354: 3353: 3349: 3339: 3337: 3328: 3327: 3323: 3313: 3311: 3307: 3296: 3292: 3291: 3282: 3272: 3270: 3266: 3259: 3255: 3254: 3250: 3240: 3238: 3229: 3228: 3224: 3214: 3212: 3208: 3197: 3193: 3192: 3188: 3178: 3176: 3161: 3160: 3156: 3146: 3144: 3129: 3128: 3124: 3114: 3112: 3108: 3101: 3097: 3096: 3092: 3082: 3080: 3071: 3070: 3066: 3056: 3054: 3050: 3039: 3035: 3034: 3030: 3020: 3018: 3014: 3003: 2999: 2998: 2994: 2984: 2982: 2969: 2968: 2964: 2954: 2952: 2939: 2938: 2934: 2924: 2923: 2919: 2909: 2907: 2894: 2893: 2889: 2879: 2877: 2863: 2862: 2855: 2845: 2843: 2834: 2833: 2829: 2815: 2813: 2800: 2799: 2795: 2791: 2647: 2640: 2637: 2582:Utica, New York 2542: 2516:Fox Corporation 2340: 2299:Security Ledger 2265: 2237:vulnerabilities 2226: 2089:Umatilla County 2075:area, near the 2024:, an alert was 2017: 2012: 1938: 1899:tornado warning 1894: 1826: 1825: 1817: 1815: 1814: 1813: 1812: 1801: 1794: 1791: 1784: 1778: 1773: 1772: 1764: 1762: 1761: 1760: 1759: 1740: 1729: 1726: 1719: 1713: 1708: 1659: 1628:child abduction 1601: 1557: 1544: 1505: 1503: 1502: 1501: 1489: 1487: 1486: 1485: 1478: 1469: 1458: 1444:Beginning with 1431: 1078:Southeast Texas 764:Central Florida 338: 336: 335: 334: 312: 306: 300: 291:satellite radio 190:television and 143:January 1, 1997 142: 140: 137: 136:January 1, 1997 133: 111:(and any other 96: 73: 53: 36: 17: 12: 11: 5: 7487: 7485: 7477: 7476: 7471: 7466: 7461: 7456: 7451: 7446: 7441: 7436: 7431: 7426: 7421: 7411: 7410: 7407: 7406: 7401: 7394: 7393:External links 7391: 7389: 7388: 7349: 7319: 7289: 7259: 7221: 7194: 7177:Radio Magazine 7164: 7134: 7105: 7074: 7043: 7013: 6983: 6950: 6918: 6885: 6854: 6823: 6792: 6770: 6734: 6702: 6672: 6641: 6611: 6580: 6550: 6519: 6489: 6459: 6429: 6396: 6362: 6329: 6298: 6268: 6237: 6206: 6176: 6150: 6120: 6081: 6050: 6017: 5987: 5957: 5927: 5909: 5887: 5858: 5820: 5787: 5754: 5724: 5693: 5663: 5632: 5599: 5561: 5530: 5504: 5474: 5448: 5422: 5396: 5366: 5349:TV TTechnology 5335: 5309: 5278: 5248: 5212: 5182: 5152: 5122: 5092: 5061: 5043: 5015: 4987: 4955: 4925: 4899: 4869: 4843: 4809: 4779: 4746: 4710: 4680: 4643: 4618: 4585: 4552: 4519: 4487: 4465: 4454: 4434:dod.hawaii.gov 4418: 4375: 4350: 4320: 4288: 4252: 4220: 4184: 4148: 4112: 4076: 4033: 3997: 3977:legis.iowa.gov 3961: 3925: 3889: 3850: 3814: 3782: 3747: 3715: 3674: 3656:. March 2018. 3637: 3601: 3585: 3559: 3527: 3495: 3463: 3437: 3405: 3373: 3347: 3321: 3280: 3248: 3222: 3186: 3154: 3122: 3090: 3064: 3028: 2992: 2962: 2932: 2917: 2887: 2853: 2827: 2792: 2790: 2787: 2786: 2785: 2779: 2774: 2769: 2763: 2758: 2753: 2748: 2746:Nuclear MASINT 2743: 2738: 2733: 2728: 2723: 2717: 2712: 2706: 2697: 2691: 2686: 2681: 2676: 2671: 2665: 2663:Cell Broadcast 2660: 2653: 2652: 2636: 2633: 2632: 2631: 2620:Chuck Swindoll 2604: 2574: 2559: 2541: 2540:Testing errors 2538: 2526: 2525: 2521:Fox NFL Sunday 2512: 2505: 2491: 2466:Discovery Inc. 2438: 2398: 2368: 2367:advertisement. 2339: 2336: 2335: 2334: 2330:internet memes 2321:Wave Broadband 2313: 2295: 2283: 2282: 2281: 2225: 2222: 2221: 2220: 2209: 2168: 2167: 2139: 2115: 2108:barrier island 2100:Suffolk County 2092: 2061: 2034: 2016: 2013: 2011: 2008: 1978:Following the 1937: 1934: 1893: 1890: 1816: 1802: 1792: 1787: 1786: 1785: 1776: 1775: 1774: 1763: 1741: 1727: 1722: 1721: 1720: 1711: 1710: 1709: 1707: 1704: 1658: 1655: 1624:severe weather 1600: 1597: 1583:broadcasters. 1561:George W. Bush 1556: 1553: 1541:End of Message 1477: 1474: 1457: 1454: 1430: 1427: 1424: 1423: 1421: 1416: 1410: 1409: 1407: 1402: 1396: 1395: 1393: 1384: 1378: 1377: 1375: 1370: 1360: 1359: 1357: 1352: 1350:American Samoa 1346: 1345: 1343: 1338: 1334: 1333: 1331: 1326: 1322: 1321: 1319: 1314: 1310: 1309: 1307: 1298: 1292: 1291: 1289: 1284: 1277: 1276: 1274: 1269: 1262: 1261: 1259: 1254: 1247: 1246: 1244: 1239: 1233: 1232: 1230: 1225: 1219: 1218: 1216: 1211: 1205: 1204: 1202: 1197: 1191: 1190: 1188: 1183: 1172: 1171: 1169: 1164: 1158: 1157: 1155: 1150: 1144: 1143: 1141: 1136: 1125: 1124: 1122: 1117: 1111: 1110: 1108: 1103: 1099: 1098: 1096: 1091: 1087: 1086: 1084: 1079: 1075: 1074: 1072: 1063: 1059: 1058: 1056: 1051: 1044: 1043: 1041: 1036: 1032: 1031: 1029: 1024: 1017: 1016: 1014: 1009: 1003: 1002: 1000: 995: 988: 987: 985: 980: 976: 975: 973: 968: 962: 961: 959: 954: 948: 947: 945: 940: 934: 933: 931: 926: 919: 918: 916: 911: 904: 903: 901: 896: 890: 889: 887: 882: 881:Northeast Ohio 878: 877: 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