33:
144:
342:. According to legend, a Daoist priest and matchmaker one day predicted that she was destined to be the mother of the people. After having made the prediction, the priest asked for an audience with the emperor, and successfully negotiated for her to be accepted as consort of the emperor's grandson Zhao Dun, the future
384:
she told him about the threat, and also that she suspected that the medicine his father had left him was poisoned. This is given as the reason to why
Emperor Guangzong did not visit his own father's funeral in 1194, which was blamed on Empress Li and led the Empress Dowager Wu to force Guangzong to abdicate.
372:
In 1189, her spouse succeeded to the throne as
Emperor Guangzong of Song. Empress Li Fengniang became notorious in Chinese history for being ruthless and shrewd, and for ruling the state through her husband, who became known a "henpecked weakling" dominated by his wife. During his reign, it was the
383:
Empress Li reportedly attempted to keep the emperor and his father separate, and often stopped the emperor from seeing his father. On one occasion, at the sickbed of the emperor, her father-in-law threatened to have her executed for not taking proper care of the monarch. When her spouse recovered,
379:
ruled the Song Empire. There is a legend to how this occurred. In 1191, Empress Li allegedly had the emperor's favorite concubine consort Huang killed, which caused the
Emperor to react so badly that he became sick and bedridden, leaving the empress to handle the affairs of state by herself.
354:
Li was accepted as the consort of Prince Dun, and became Crown
Princess when her spouse was elevated to the position of heir to the throne in 1170. Crown Princess Li was described as dominant and independent minded. She complained of the concubines of her husband to the retired
73:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge (XXG).
363:
who became displeased with her and asked her to act in a more submissive way, such as the
Empress Dowager Wu. Li refused to submit, however, and there are several stories illustrating how she came to dominate her husband.
985:
392:
After the abdication of her spouse, she was called "The
Empress of the Retired Emperor". In 1197, she caused a last scandal by refusing to attend the funeral of Empress Dowager Wu.
965:
582:
76:
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
1047:
84:
1001:
973:
969:
961:
1062:
1057:
591:
1052:
957:
1042:
997:
949:
97:
Content in this edit is translated from the existing
Chinese Knowledge (XXG) article at ]; see its history for attribution.
672:
575:
832:
822:
733:
723:
617:
914:
860:
855:
776:
771:
703:
677:
647:
642:
876:
807:
761:
698:
622:
516:
Lily Xiao Hong Lee, Sue Wiles: Biographical
Dictionary of Chinese Women, Volume II: Tang Through Ming 618 - 1644.
343:
317:
245:
507:
Lily Xiao Hong Lee, Sue Wiles: Biographical
Dictionary of Chinese Women, Volume II: Tang Through Ming 618 - 1644
498:
Lily Xiao Hong Lee, Sue Wiles: Biographical
Dictionary of Chinese Women, Volume II: Tang Through Ming 618 - 1644
489:
Lily Xiao Hong Lee, Sue Wiles: Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women, Volume II: Tang Through Ming 618 - 1644
480:
Lily Xiao Hong Lee, Sue Wiles: Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women, Volume II: Tang Through Ming 618 - 1644
471:
Lily Xiao Hong Lee, Sue Wiles: Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women, Volume II: Tang Through Ming 618 - 1644
462:
Lily Xiao Hong Lee, Sue Wiles: Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women, Volume II: Tang Through Ming 618 - 1644
453:
Lily Xiao Hong Lee, Sue Wiles: Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women, Volume II: Tang Through Ming 618 - 1644
444:
Lily Xiao Hong Lee, Sue Wiles: Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women, Volume II: Tang Through Ming 618 - 1644
435:
Lily Xiao Hong Lee, Sue Wiles: Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women, Volume II: Tang Through Ming 618 - 1644
426:
Lily Xiao Hong Lee, Sue Wiles: Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women, Volume II: Tang Through Ming 618 - 1644
417:
Lily Xiao Hong Lee, Sue Wiles: Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women, Volume II: Tang Through Ming 618 - 1644
408:
Lily Xiao Hong Lee, Sue Wiles: Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women, Volume II: Tang Through Ming 618 - 1644
941:
542:
526:
360:
257:
92:
113:
1013:
1009:
1005:
993:
989:
981:
945:
929:
568:
356:
977:
953:
909:
881:
812:
766:
708:
667:
632:
627:
535:
170:
924:
786:
662:
637:
1037:
1032:
612:
756:
45:
252:
106:
88:
552:
305:
268:
180:
143:
1026:
781:
652:
17:
919:
802:
693:
657:
313:
235:
188:
152:
886:
827:
728:
718:
560:
375:
322:
231:
227:
95:
to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
339:
70:
564:
26:
338:, daughter of general Li Dao, a military commissioner from
326:
ruler of the Song dynasty during the reign of her spouse.
66:
902:
869:
848:
795:
749:
686:
605:
291:
283:
267:
251:
241:
214:
206:
202:
194:
186:
176:
166:
158:
150:
132:
91:accompanying your translation by providing an
57:Click for important translation instructions.
44:expand this article with text translated from
576:
8:
127:Empress consort of the Southern Song dynasty
583:
569:
561:
522:
142:
129:
401:
312:, was a Chinese empress consort of the
264:
7:
25:
359:as well as to her father-in-law
31:
162:18 February 1189 – 24 July 1194
1048:Song dynasty empresses dowager
101:You may also add the template
1:
986:5 Dynasties & 10 Kingdoms
592:Empresses of the Song dynasty
219:
1063:Mothers of Chinese emperors
1058:12th-century Chinese people
198:24 July 1194 – 16 July 1200
114:Knowledge (XXG):Translation
1079:
1053:12th-century Chinese women
65:Machine translation, like
938:
895:
882:Grand Empress Dowager Xie
861:Grand Empress Dowager Gao
856:Grand Empress Dowager Cao
841:
742:
598:
549:
540:
532:
525:
318:Emperor Guangzong of Song
274:
263:
141:
46:the corresponding article
877:Grand Empress Dowager Wu
843:Grand empresses dowager
334:Empress Li was born as
304:(1144 – 16 July 1200),
187:Empress dowager of the
151:Empress consort of the
112:For more guidance, see
1043:Song dynasty empresses
103:{{Translated|zh|慈懿皇后}}
782:Empress Dowager Xiang
189:Southern Song dynasty
153:Southern Song dynasty
85:copyright attribution
897:Posthumous empresses
833:Empress Dowager Quan
823:Empress Dowager Yang
803:Empress Dowager Meng
306:posthumously honored
18:Empress Li Fengniang
813:Empress Dowager Xie
787:Empress Dowager Liu
777:Empress Dowager Gao
772:Empress Dowager Cao
767:Empress Dowager Liu
275:Empress Ciyi (慈懿皇后)
218:16 July 1200 (aged
808:Empress Dowager Wu
762:Empress Dowager Li
757:Empress Dowager Du
388:As retired empress
368:As empress consort
93:interlanguage link
1020:
1019:
744:Empresses dowager
600:Empresses consort
559:
558:
550:Succeeded by
350:As crown princess
344:Emperor Guangzong
320:. She was as the
316:, married to the
299:
298:
279:
278:
246:Emperor Guangzong
125:
124:
58:
54:
16:(Redirected from
1070:
585:
578:
571:
562:
543:Empress of China
533:Preceded by
523:
517:
514:
508:
505:
499:
496:
490:
487:
481:
478:
472:
469:
463:
460:
454:
451:
445:
442:
436:
433:
427:
424:
418:
415:
409:
406:
361:Emperor Xiaozong
265:
224:
221:
146:
137:
130:
104:
98:
71:Google Translate
56:
52:
35:
34:
27:
21:
1078:
1077:
1073:
1072:
1071:
1069:
1068:
1067:
1023:
1022:
1021:
1016:
934:
898:
891:
865:
844:
837:
791:
745:
738:
682:
601:
594:
589:
555:
553:Empress Gongshu
546:
538:
536:Empress Chengsu
527:Chinese royalty
521:
520:
515:
511:
506:
502:
497:
493:
488:
484:
479:
475:
470:
466:
461:
457:
452:
448:
443:
439:
434:
430:
425:
421:
416:
412:
407:
403:
398:
390:
370:
357:Emperor Gaozong
352:
332:
269:Posthumous name
226:
222:
181:Empress Gongshu
171:Empress Chengsu
135:
134:
128:
121:
120:
119:
102:
96:
59:
36:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1076:
1074:
1066:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1025:
1024:
1018:
1017:
939:
936:
935:
933:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
906:
904:
900:
899:
896:
893:
892:
890:
889:
884:
879:
873:
871:
867:
866:
864:
863:
858:
852:
850:
846:
845:
842:
839:
838:
836:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
799:
797:
793:
792:
790:
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
764:
759:
753:
751:
747:
746:
743:
740:
739:
737:
736:
731:
726:
721:
716:
711:
706:
701:
696:
690:
688:
684:
683:
681:
680:
675:
670:
665:
660:
655:
650:
645:
640:
635:
630:
625:
620:
615:
609:
607:
603:
602:
599:
596:
595:
590:
588:
587:
580:
573:
565:
557:
556:
551:
548:
539:
534:
530:
529:
519:
518:
509:
500:
491:
482:
473:
464:
455:
446:
437:
428:
419:
410:
400:
399:
397:
394:
389:
386:
369:
366:
351:
348:
331:
328:
297:
296:
293:
289:
288:
285:
281:
280:
277:
276:
272:
271:
261:
260:
255:
249:
248:
243:
239:
238:
216:
212:
211:
208:
204:
203:
200:
199:
196:
192:
191:
184:
183:
178:
174:
173:
168:
164:
163:
160:
156:
155:
148:
147:
139:
138:
126:
123:
122:
118:
117:
110:
99:
77:
74:
63:
60:
53:(October 2011)
41:
40:
39:
37:
30:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1075:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1028:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
983:
979:
975:
971:
967:
963:
959:
955:
951:
947:
943:
937:
931:
930:Consort Zhang
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
907:
905:
903:Northern Song
901:
894:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
874:
872:
870:Southern Song
868:
862:
859:
857:
854:
853:
851:
849:Northern Song
847:
840:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
800:
798:
796:Southern Song
794:
788:
785:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
755:
754:
752:
750:Northern Song
748:
741:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
712:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
691:
689:
687:Southern Song
685:
679:
676:
674:
673:Empress Zheng
671:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
653:Empress Xiang
651:
649:
646:
644:
641:
639:
636:
634:
631:
629:
626:
624:
621:
619:
616:
614:
611:
610:
608:
606:Northern Song
604:
597:
593:
586:
581:
579:
574:
572:
567:
566:
563:
554:
545:
544:
537:
531:
528:
524:
513:
510:
504:
501:
495:
492:
486:
483:
477:
474:
468:
465:
459:
456:
450:
447:
441:
438:
432:
429:
423:
420:
414:
411:
405:
402:
395:
393:
387:
385:
381:
378:
377:
367:
365:
362:
358:
349:
347:
345:
341:
337:
329:
327:
325:
324:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
294:
290:
286:
282:
273:
270:
266:
262:
259:
256:
254:
250:
247:
244:
240:
237:
233:
229:
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
190:
185:
182:
179:
175:
172:
169:
165:
161:
157:
154:
149:
145:
140:
133:Empress Ciyi
131:
115:
111:
108:
100:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
75:
72:
68:
64:
62:
61:
55:
49:
47:
42:You can help
38:
29:
28:
19:
974:N. Dynasties
970:S. Dynasties
920:Princess Pan
818:Li Fengniang
817:
734:Empress Quan
724:Empress Yang
714:Li Fengniang
713:
694:Empress Xing
668:Empress Wang
658:Empress Meng
618:Empress Song
613:Empress Wang
541:
512:
503:
494:
485:
476:
467:
458:
449:
440:
431:
422:
413:
404:
391:
382:
374:
373:Empress who
371:
353:
335:
333:
321:
314:Song dynasty
310:Empress Ciyi
309:
302:Li Fengniang
301:
300:
89:edit summary
80:
51:
43:
1038:1200 deaths
1033:1144 births
966:16 Kingdoms
915:Princess Fu
887:Xie Daoqing
828:Xie Daoqing
729:Xie Daoqing
719:Empress Han
709:Empress Xie
704:Empress Xia
678:Empress Zhu
663:Empress Liu
648:Empress Gao
643:Empress Cao
638:Empress Guo
633:Empress Liu
628:Empress Guo
167:Predecessor
1027:Categories
958:3 Kingdoms
925:Consort Li
699:Empress Wu
623:Empress Li
547:1189–1194
295:Lady Zhang
236:Song China
48:in Chinese
336:Fengniang
223: 56
177:Successor
107:talk page
376:de facto
323:de facto
258:Zhao Kuo
232:Zhejiang
83:provide
910:Lady He
105:to the
87:in the
50:.
998:W. Xia
940:Xia →
340:Anyang
292:Mother
287:Li Dao
284:Father
242:Spouse
228:Lin'an
195:Tenure
159:Tenure
942:Shang
396:Notes
253:Issue
67:DeepL
1014:Qing
1010:Ming
1006:Yuan
994:Song
990:Liao
982:Tang
946:Zhou
330:Life
215:Died
210:1144
207:Born
136:慈懿皇后
81:must
79:You
1002:Jīn
978:Sui
962:Jìn
954:Han
950:Qin
308:as
69:or
1029::
1012:→
1008:→
1004:→
1000:/
996:/
992:/
988:→
984:→
980:→
976:→
972:/
968:→
964:/
960:→
956:→
952:→
948:→
944:→
346:.
234:,
230:,
220:c.
584:e
577:t
570:v
225:)
116:.
109:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
