102:
154:
126:
268:. They were among the dominant predatory marine fish groups in the Late Cretaceous, achieving a worldwide distribution. They were an extremely diverse group, with some developing fusiform body plans whereas others evolved elongated body plans with long beaks, superficially similar to eels and needlefish. They could also grow to very large sizes, as seen with
357:
included in the gape of the mouth. Other studies have classified the different superfamilies as their own individual suborders, though most now classify them as one suborder. The taxonomy within the group is even more disputed, with multiple families within the group recovered as
1124:
Díaz-Cruz, Jesús
Alberto; Alvarado-Ortega, Jesús; Carbot-Chanona, Gerardo (June 2016). "The Cenomanian short snout enchodontid fishes (Aulopifomes, Enchodontidae) from Sierra Madre Formation, Chiapas, southeastern Mexico".
663:
O'leary, Maureen A.; Bouaré, Mamadou L.; Claeson, Kerin M.; Heilbronn, Kelly; Hill, Robert V.; Mccartney, Jacob; Sessa, Jocelyn A.; Sissoko, Famory; Tapanila, Leif; Wheeler, Elisabeth; Roberts, Eric M. (28 June 2019).
703:
Fielitz, Christopher; González-Rodríguez, Katia A. (2010). "A New
Species of Enchodus (aulopiformes: Enchodontidae) from the Cretaceous (albian to Cenomanian) of Zimapán, Hidalgo, México".
792:
Davis, Matthew P.; Fielitz, Christopher (December 2010). "Estimating divergence times of lizardfishes and their allies (Euteleostei: Aulopiformes) and the timing of deep-sea adaptations".
754:
Rana, R. S.; Kumar, K.; Singh, H.; Rose, K. D. (2005). "Lower vertebrates from the Late
Palaeocene–Earliest Eocene Akli Formation, Giral Lignite Mine, Barmer District, western India".
620:
Chida, Mori; Brinkman, Donald B.; Murray, Alison M. (October 2023). "A large, new dercetid fish (Teleostei: Aulopiformes) from the
Campanian Bearpaw Formation of Alberta, Canada".
983:"A new lizardfish (Teleostei, Aulopiformes) from the Late Cretaceous Bearpaw Formation of Alberta, Canada, with a revised diagnosis of Apateodus (Aulopiformes, Ichthyotringoidei)"
871:
Murray, Alison M.; Chida, Mori; Holmes, Robert B. (30 June 2022). "New enchodontoid fish (Teleostei: Aulopiformes) from the Late
Cretaceous of Lebanon".
353:
with its members scattered among the
Aulopiformes, although most recent studies have recovered the group as monophyletic, based on the synapomorphy of
1174:
585:
Silva, Hilda M. A; Gallo, Valéria (June 2011). "Taxonomic review and phylogenetic analysis of
Enchodontoidei (Teleostei: Aulopiformes)".
370:
The following taxonomy is partially based on Silva & Gallo (2011). Other studies have found differing classifications for the group.
1095:
da Silva, Hilda Maria
Andrade; Gallo, Valéria (October 2016). "Distributional patterns of enchodontoid fishes in the Late Cretaceous".
1259:
1249:
349:, although a majority consider them their own distinct group. Their taxonomy is disputed, with some studies finding the group to be
280:, the latter of which is the largest aulopiform known. Their most famous member is the widespread, abundant, and long-lasting genus
1269:
1058:
Chalifa, Yael (May 1989). "New species of
Enchodus (Pisces: Enchodontoidei) from the lower Cenomanian of Ein-Yabrud, Israel".
1264:
1254:
1160:(Aulopiformes: Enchodontidae) from the Northern Negev, Israel, with comments on evolutionary trends in the Enchodontoidei"
153:
666:"Stratigraphy and Paleobiology of the Upper Cretaceous-Lower Paleogene Sediments from the Trans-Saharan Seaway in Mali"
940:
Phylogenetic analysis of the family
Enchodontidae and its relationships to recent members of the order Aulopiformes
101:
1034:
A new species of dercetid and the assessment of the phylogeny of the Enchodontoidei (Teleostei: Aulopiformes)
1189:
1221:
951:
289:
Most enchodontoids went extinct at the end of the Cretaceous, although some dercetids survived into the
402:
1155:
1134:
1104:
1067:
994:
880:
801:
712:
629:
302:
346:
982:
428:
1083:
896:
763:
736:
728:
685:
645:
385:
148:
1226:
558:
458:
441:
333:
in the mid-20th century, studies since the 1970s have found them to be deeply nested among the
1170:
1010:
943:
817:
771:
602:
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1112:
1075:
1037:
1002:
888:
848:
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261:
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1138:
1108:
1071:
998:
884:
805:
716:
633:
471:
195:
1243:
1087:
900:
837:"Phylogenetic classification of living and fossil ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii)"
689:
649:
517:
116:
59:
740:
598:
125:
419:
342:
334:
326:
270:
257:
205:
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724:
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34:
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338:
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140:
111:
79:
44:
1014:
947:
534:
410:
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310:
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165:
84:
821:
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1206:
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853:
836:
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223:
185:
135:
74:
69:
54:
49:
39:
767:
732:
354:
89:
64:
314:
290:
265:
175:
1183:
1187:
866:
864:
835:
Near, Thomas J; Thacker, Christine E (18 April 2024).
317:, although this may just represent reworked material.
345:. Some studies group them with the extant superorder
1196:
981:Newbrey, Michael G.; Konishi, Takuya (2015-05-04).
670:Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History
841:Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History
1167:Mesozoic Fishes, Systematics and Paleoecology
8:
1165:. In Arratia, Gloria; Viohl, Günter (eds.).
1184:
124:
100:
20:
1041:
852:
587:Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
550:
968:
925:
913:
794:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
16:Extinct superorder of aulopiform fish
7:
787:
785:
580:
578:
444:(alternatively within the Halecidae)
325:Although initially classified among
987:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
873:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
705:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
309:have also been recovered from the
14:
152:
599:10.1590/S0001-37652011000200010
423:(possibly in the Enchodontidae)
1169:. F. Pfeil. pp. 349–367.
1:
1147:10.1016/j.cretres.2015.12.026
1117:10.1016/j.cretres.2016.03.009
938:Fielitz, Christopher (1999).
893:10.1080/02724634.2022.2101370
642:10.1016/j.cretres.2023.105579
1007:10.1080/02724634.2014.918042
725:10.1080/02724634.2010.501438
414:(possibly in the Dercetidae)
814:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.09.003
397:(possibly in the Halecidae)
1286:
1260:Ray-finned fish suborders
1080:10.1017/S0022336000019521
1032:Chida, Mori (Fall 2022).
682:10.1206/0003-0090.436.1.1
236:
231:
149:Scientific classification
147:
132:
123:
108:
99:
23:
1250:Prehistoric aulopiformes
1060:Journal of Paleontology
1270:Taxa named by Lev Berg
1154:Chalifa, Yael (1996).
30:Barremian–Early Eocene
1265:Paleogene extinctions
1222:Paleobiology Database
1255:Cretaceous bony fish
1043:10.7939/r3-nqmz-nf15
854:10.3374/014.065.0101
303:Trans-Saharan seaway
260:fish known from the
136:Dercetis serpentinus
112:Eurypholis boissieri
1139:2016CrRes..61..136D
1127:Cretaceous Research
1109:2016CrRes..65..223D
1097:Cretaceous Research
1072:1989JPal...63..356C
999:2015JVPal..35E8042N
885:2022JVPal..42E1370M
806:2010MolPE..57.1194D
717:2010JVPal..30.1343F
634:2023CrRes.15005579C
622:Cretaceous Research
305:. Some remains of
1237:
1236:
1190:Taxon identifiers
1176:978-3-923871-90-2
452:Ichthyotringoidea
362:in some studies.
243:
242:
227:
1277:
1230:
1229:
1217:
1216:
1215:
1185:
1180:
1164:
1156:"New species of
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1120:
1091:
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1019:
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978:
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929:
923:
917:
911:
905:
904:
868:
859:
858:
856:
832:
826:
825:
800:(3): 1194–1208.
789:
780:
779:
762:(9): 1606–1613.
751:
745:
744:
711:(5): 1343–1351.
700:
694:
693:
660:
654:
653:
617:
611:
610:
582:
573:
572:
570:
569:
555:
483:Cimolichthyoidea
466:Ichthyotringidae
403:Spinascutichthys
262:Early Cretaceous
222:
217:
157:
156:
128:
104:
94:
31:
27:Temporal range:
21:
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1052:Further reading
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756:Current Science
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661:
657:
619:
618:
614:
584:
583:
576:
567:
565:
557:
556:
552:
547:
501:Prionolepididae
489:Cimolichthyidae
440:Family ? †
368:
323:
291:Early Paleocene
221:
215:
151:
95:
93:
92:
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82:
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67:
62:
57:
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5:
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1202:
1200:
1198:Enchodontoidei
1194:
1193:
1188:
1182:
1181:
1175:
1151:
1121:
1092:
1066:(3): 356–364.
1053:
1050:
1049:
1048:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1020:
993:(3): e918042.
973:
961:
930:
918:
916:, p. 100.
906:
860:
827:
781:
746:
695:
655:
612:
593:(2): 483–511.
574:
563:paleobiodb.org
549:
548:
546:
543:
542:
541:
540:
539:
538:
537:
522:
521:
520:
512:Enchodontoidea
505:
504:
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497:
491:
476:
475:
474:
472:Apateopholidae
468:
462:
445:
438:
432:
424:
415:
406:
398:
389:
379:Enchodontoidei
367:
366:Classification
364:
347:Alepisauroidei
322:
319:
247:Enchodontoidei
241:
240:
234:
233:
229:
228:
219:Enchodontoidei
213:
209:
208:
203:
199:
198:
196:Actinopterygii
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83:
78:
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68:
63:
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53:
48:
43:
38:
33:
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26:
24:Enchodontoidei
15:
13:
10:
9:
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953:
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928:, p. 33.
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518:Enchodontidae
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431:
430:
429:Yabrudichthys
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365:
363:
361:
356:
352:
348:
344:
341:in the order
340:
336:
332:
331:Salmoniformes
329:and then the
328:
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117:Enchodontidae
114:
113:
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81:
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71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
46:
41:
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755:
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669:
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615:
590:
586:
566:. Retrieved
562:
553:
528:
524:
511:
507:
482:
478:
457:
451:
447:
442:Serrilepidae
436:Nardorexidae
427:
420:Rharbichthys
418:
409:
401:
392:
384:
378:
374:
369:
360:paraphyletic
351:polyphyletic
343:Aulopiformes
339:lancetfishes
335:lizardfishes
327:Stomiiformes
324:
306:
299:Early Eocene
294:
288:
281:
275:
271:Cimolichthys
269:
246:
244:
237:
218:
206:Aulopiformes
134:
133:Specimen of
110:
109:Specimen of
18:
1133:: 136–150.
1103:: 223–231.
971:, p. .
525:Superfamily
508:Superfamily
479:Superfamily
448:Superfamily
394:Hemisaurida
386:Atolvorator
1244:Categories
1036:(Thesis).
969:Chida 2022
942:(Thesis).
926:Chida 2022
914:Chida 2022
776:9979790250
676:(436): 1.
628:: 105579.
568:2024-01-17
545:References
529:Halecoidea
495:Dercetidae
459:Ursichthys
258:aulopiform
254:superorder
212:Suborder:
141:Dercetidae
1213:Q25939397
1088:133171626
1015:0272-4634
956:304510360
901:251679183
690:198398386
650:258803963
535:Halecidae
411:Stratodus
311:Paleocene
297:into the
295:Stratodus
277:Stratodus
238:See text
232:Families
172:Kingdom:
166:Eukaryota
1207:Wikidata
1158:Enchodus
952:ProQuest
948:41928771
822:20854916
768:24110948
741:84281080
733:40864352
607:21670874
533:Family †
516:Family †
499:Family †
493:Family †
487:Family †
470:Family †
464:Family †
434:Family †
375:Suborder
321:Taxonomy
307:Enchodus
283:Enchodus
186:Chordata
182:Phylum:
176:Animalia
162:Domain:
1135:Bibcode
1105:Bibcode
1068:Bibcode
1026:Sources
995:Bibcode
881:Bibcode
802:Bibcode
713:Bibcode
630:Bibcode
456:Genus †
426:Genus †
417:Genus †
408:Genus †
400:Genus †
391:Genus †
383:Genus †
355:maxilla
301:of the
264:to the
251:extinct
249:are an
202:Order:
192:Class:
1227:117690
1173:
1086:
1013:
954:
946:
899:
820:
774:
766:
739:
731:
688:
648:
605:
559:"PBDB"
315:Eocene
266:Eocene
226:, 1937
1163:(PDF)
1084:S2CID
897:S2CID
879:(1).
764:JSTOR
737:S2CID
729:JSTOR
686:S2CID
646:S2CID
1171:ISBN
1011:ISSN
944:OCLC
818:PMID
772:OCLC
674:2019
603:PMID
337:and
313:and
293:and
274:and
245:The
224:Berg
35:PreꞒ
1143:doi
1113:doi
1076:doi
1038:doi
1003:doi
889:doi
849:doi
810:doi
721:doi
678:doi
638:doi
626:150
595:doi
256:of
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1224::
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1141:.
1131:61
1129:.
1111:.
1101:65
1099:.
1082:.
1074:.
1064:63
1062:.
1009:.
1001:.
991:35
989:.
985:.
950:.
895:.
887:.
877:42
875:.
863:^
847:.
845:65
843:.
839:.
816:.
808:.
798:57
796:.
784:^
770:.
760:89
758:.
735:.
727:.
719:.
709:30
707:.
684:.
672:.
668:.
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601:.
591:83
589:.
577:^
561:.
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143:)
119:)
85:Pg
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632::
609:.
597::
571:.
527:†
510:†
481:†
450:†
377:†
216:†
139:(
115:(
90:N
80:K
75:J
70:T
65:P
60:C
55:D
50:S
45:O
40:Ꞓ
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