336:
265:, commonly known as Vicente de la Osa, and his wife, Rita de la Osa, owned the historic rancho property where the springs were situated. Land case records state that de la Osa had sought out the "Native Americans who owned Encino prior to him in exchange for the right to purchase the rancho from them." Another account states that de la Osa purchased the site from "three Indians" for $ 100. De la Osa claimed that the springs on the property were "both cold and warm, the latter possessing medicinal qualities." In the 1850s, De la Osa fenced off the springs and announced his intention to charge drovers two cents a head to water cattle and horses, and one cent per sheep.
116:
34:
166:
268:
The spring water collection ponds were built around 1872 by Eugene
Garnier, and in 1875 it was reported that the main ranch spring "supplied a stone reservoir and a bathing pool and yielded about 5 U.S. gallons (19 L; 4.2 imp gal) a minute". In 1890, an account of the springs described
326:
In 1949, the
National Environmental Health Association published a study on mosquitos in the Los Angeles area, stating that two species that may carry disease had been found in the hot springs area. The springs have been under the purview of the California State Parks and Recreation department since
220:
and other
Indigenous tribes. These Indigenous inhabitants were formerly referred to as "Fernandeños" by the Spanish colonialists because they were enslaved by the San Fernando Mission. Rancho Los Encinos, the land encompassing the springs, was originally granted by the Spanish king to a veteran of
208:, who was the diarist for the expedition, mentioned the artesian springs in his 1769 diary. He described the Indigenous peoples living there in two villages populated with a total of about 200 inhabitants. The springs were a gathering place for several thousand years for the
369:
In 1875, the hot spring water temperature was measured at 85 °F (29 °C). The mineral content was recorded as including sodium, calcium, sulphate, chloride, carbonate, silica, and trace amounts of potassium, lithium and phosphate.
353:
reported that over 1000 people visited the resort in one day. The report stated that the site was known as the "old
Amestoy Homestead", and mentioned that a swimming pool and dance hall were being constructed at the "famous hot spring".
289:
In 1915, two spring sources were identified on the site, approximately 30 feet (9.1 m) apart within the stone reservoir, the smaller spring west of the larger spring. The geologic source of the water is associated with the
322:
In 1946 it was reported that the state of
California had established a fund to acquire El Ranchos de Los Encinos, (a five-acre rancho), including the hot springs that formerly belonged to the Indigenous peoples of the area.
581:
137:
of the area now known as
Southern California. It was used by several tribes of Indigenous peoples for thousands of years. Later, after settlement, the artesian springs were used as a water source for
281:
in the 1880s. They could refresh themselves from the long dusty trip from Los
Angeles to San Francisco. The bathhouse fell into disrepair as shown here with Alex Abel, caretaker of the ranch under
1049:
658:. Water-Supply Paper no. 338–339 (Department of the Interior, United States Geological Survey Water-Supply Papers). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. pp. 246–247
1029:
388:
In 1969, the measured yield of the springs was 24,000 U.S. gallons (91,000 L; 20,000 imp gal) per day. The hot springs continue to flow, as of 1978, at the
309:
claimed the "Indians in the Encino Hot
Springs vicinity fashioned the finest stone vessels of any Indians In this part of the country with the possible exception of
1014:
1034:
335:
921:
294:, where the shale "dips about 25°N" toward the Valley, and was a "primary and secondary alkaline and primary saline water of moderate mineralization".
416:
1019:
474:
230:
262:
437:
327:
1949, and continue to feed the reservoir (alternately called an artificial lake or "fishpond") that was built by
Garnier in the 1870s.
55:
1009:
310:
234:
1044:
683:
Mineral
Springs and Health Resorts of California: With a Complete Chemical Analysis of Every Important Mineral Water in the World
389:
154:
851:
226:
146:
877:
411:
826:
801:
697:
622:
1039:
552:
357:
In 1928, the hot springs property was purchased from T.S. Ward and Mrs. R. White by H.W. Oakes, a restaurant owner from
48:
274:
899:
464:
115:
278:
241:
was granted by the Mexican government to Ramon, Francisco and Roque, who are traditionally believed to have been
186:
150:
33:
1024:
297:
In 1925, a Mexican worker at the site discovered a 20-inch (51 cm) grinding mortar made of volcanic
406:
301:, and a possible burial ground west of the springs. The large bowl-shaped mortar had a beaded edge. The
246:
182:
169:
Rancho El Encino mapped in 1871, before the spring water reservoirs were constructed, showing groves of
970:
531:
222:
306:
519:
250:
142:
653:
735:
138:
520:"Ranchos of California; a list of Spanish concessions, 1775-1822, and Mexican grants, 1822-1846"
445:(Map). NOAA National Geophysical Center. Sacramento: California Department of Mines and Geology.
681:
470:
344:
315:
193:
174:
990:
790:. U.S. Department of the Interior, Geological Survey, Water Resources Division. pp. A-6.
785:
527:
375:
595:
401:
282:
242:
238:
120:
975:. State of California, Resources Agency, Department of Parks and Recreation. p. 178.
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In the 1920s, a resort and hotel operated at Encino Hot Springs. The resort was built on
787:
Data for Springs in the Southern Coast, Transverse, and Peninsular Ranges of California
371:
213:
205:
165:
1003:
349:
119:
Old bathhouse at Encino hot mineral spring, shown with Alex Abel, caretaker of the
385:
measured the spring water temperature at 79 °F (26 °C) at the source.
945:
666:
88:
70:
57:
358:
130:
347:, and became a popular spot that included entertainment. In July 1922, the
217:
739:
723:
493:
760:
313:
Indians, who had a stone particularly adaptable to such purposes". The
291:
273:"The Encino spring was used as one of the first mineral springs along
436:
Higgins, Chris T.; Therberge, Albert E. Jr.; Ikelman, Joy A. (1980).
298:
209:
134:
339:"Encino Hot Springs" Los Angeles Evening Express, September 22, 1923
334:
164:
114:
698:"Burial Ground Indicated: Encino Hot Springs Scene of Discovery"
382:
582:"Makes bid for public assistance in preserving historic Encino"
277:. The old bathhouse was a favorite stop for riders along the
722:
Pierce, W. Dwight; Duclus, W.E.; Longacre, M.Y. (May 1945).
269:"a number" of sources that were in "local use" at Encino.
972:
Los Encinos State Historic Park: Resource Management Plan
728:
The Sanitarian; National Environmental Health Association
969:
Recreation, California Department of Parks and (1978).
319:
was estimated to be between 1000 and 1500 years old.
802:"Many Inspect Features of Encino Hot Springs Resort"
553:"HISTORY: The Battle That May Have Saved the Nation"
129:
are historic thermal springs located at the site of
925:
NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
105:
97:
87:
47:
21:
1050:Protected areas of Los Angeles County, California
994:photo collection: Los Encinos Rancho spring, 1949
202:El Valle de la Catalina de Bononia de los Encinos
153:route. The springs are located in the modern-day
596:"Brief History of Vincente de la Osa and Family"
500:. California Department of Parks and Recreation
458:
456:
454:
452:
378:gasses percolated up through the spring water.
271:
900:"San Diego Man is New Owner of Encino Springs"
946:"The Los Angeles Times 03 Aug 1969, page 207"
647:
645:
643:
8:
878:"Encino Hot Springs Proving Popular Resort"
32:
18:
1030:Springs of Los Angeles County, California
761:"Los Encinos State Historic Park History"
196:came upon a grove of oak trees (Spanish:
149:. In the 1880s it was a rest stop on the
806:The Van Nuys News and Valley Green Sheet
724:"Mosquitoes of Los Angeles and Vicinity"
417:List of hot springs in the United States
253:'s troops camped at the Encino Springs.
488:
486:
428:
652:Waring, Gerald Ashley (January 1915).
1015:Geothermal areas in the United States
204:. Franciscan missionary and explorer
192:In August 1769, an expedition led by
7:
575:
573:
263:Jose Vicente de los Reyes de la Ossa
852:"He says Jersey Giants best fryers"
827:"He Says Jersey Giants Best Fryers"
38:El Encino Springs reservoir in 1901
1035:History of the San Fernando Valley
623:"Amestoy Rancho Historic Landmark"
439:Geothermal Resources of California
14:
494:"Los Encinos State Historic Park"
233:in 1797, and then finally, after
902:. Van Nuys News. 31 January 1928
686:. Bancroft Company. p. 194.
580:Price, Gertrude (28 May 1946).
390:Los Encinos State Historic Park
305:reported that the archeologist
155:Los Encinos State Historic Park
463:Crosby, Michael (2009-06-08).
147:Los Angeles County, California
1:
922:"Thermal Springs in the U.S."
880:. Van Nuys News. 25 July 1922
412:Ranchos of Los Angeles County
133:village, a settlement of the
109:79–90 °F (26–32 °C)
1020:Historic sites in California
784:Berkstresser, C. F. (1968).
551:Harris, Scott (1996-09-24).
992:Los Angeles Herald-Examiner
584:. Daily News (Los Angeles).
1066:
680:Anderson, Winslow (1890).
1010:Hot springs of California
833:. 1928-03-04. p. 143
285:, and was later removed."
43:
31:
26:
704:. 1925-11-03. p. 25
229:, then regranted to the
1045:Tongva populated places
808:. 1922-08-11. p. 1
629:. 1950-07-28. p. 9
532:2027/uc1.32106008754035
279:Butterfield Stage route
469:. Arcadia Publishing.
340:
287:
237:, in 1845, one square
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151:Butterfield Stagecoach
123:
71:34.15889°N 118.49889°W
831:The Los Angeles Times
702:The Los Angeles Times
655:Springs of California
557:The Los Angeles Times
407:Tongva Sacred Springs
338:
247:Battle of Providencia
168:
118:
231:San Fernando Mission
227:Juan Francisco Reyes
76:34.15889; -118.49889
1040:Encino, Los Angeles
261:From 1849 to 1862,
251:Manuel Micheltorena
200:) which they named
187:overland stage road
143:San Fernando Valley
141:in what is now the
67: /
341:
249:occurred in 1845,
223:Portolá expedition
190:
139:Rancho Los Encinos
135:Tongva-Kizh people
127:Encino Hot Springs
124:
22:Encino Hot Springs
856:Los Angeles Times
603:historicparks.org
476:978-1-4396-2316-9
376:hydrogen sulphide
345:Ventura Boulevard
303:Los Angeles Times
194:Gaspar de Portola
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27:El Encino Springs
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381:Decades later,
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331:Historic resort
311:Catalina Island
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243:Mission Indians
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984:External links
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858:. 4 March 1928
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526:. p. 34.
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292:Miocene shale
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245:. Before the
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665:– via
660:. Retrieved
654:
631:. Retrieved
627:Valley Times
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606:. Retrieved
602:
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561:. Retrieved
559:. p. 30
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283:the Amestoys
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930:11 November
906:12 November
884:12 November
862:11 November
745:11 November
504:12 November
257:Description
206:Juan Crespí
185:), and the
106:Temperature
74: /
62:118°29′56″W
49:Coordinates
1004:Categories
955:2023-11-01
837:2023-11-01
812:2023-11-01
770:2023-11-17
734:(6): 724.
708:2023-11-11
667:HathiTrust
662:2023-11-01
633:2023-11-01
608:2023-11-12
563:2023-11-01
537:2023-11-12
524:HathiTrust
423:References
179:guatamotes
145:region of
93:geothermal
359:San Diego
131:Siutcanga
98:Discharge
59:34°9′32″N
740:26323900
396:See also
218:Tataviam
316:mortero
214:Chumash
198:encinos
183:willows
171:encinos
161:History
738:
498:CA.gov
473:
466:Encino
299:basalt
225:named
210:Tongva
736:JSTOR
599:(PDF)
443:(PDF)
932:2023
908:2023
886:2023
864:2023
747:2023
506:2023
471:ISBN
383:NOAA
374:and
221:the
175:oaks
89:Type
83:NOAA
528:hdl
177:),
1006::
948:.
854:.
829:.
804:.
763:.
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642:^
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485:^
451:^
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732:7
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181:(
173:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
