347:
276:, commonly known as Vicente de la Osa, and his wife, Rita de la Osa, owned the historic rancho property where the springs were situated. Land case records state that de la Osa had sought out the "Native Americans who owned Encino prior to him in exchange for the right to purchase the rancho from them." Another account states that de la Osa purchased the site from "three Indians" for $ 100. De la Osa claimed that the springs on the property were "both cold and warm, the latter possessing medicinal qualities." In the 1850s, De la Osa fenced off the springs and announced his intention to charge drovers two cents a head to water cattle and horses, and one cent per sheep.
127:
45:
177:
279:
The spring water collection ponds were built around 1872 by Eugene
Garnier, and in 1875 it was reported that the main ranch spring "supplied a stone reservoir and a bathing pool and yielded about 5 U.S. gallons (19 L; 4.2 imp gal) a minute". In 1890, an account of the springs described
337:
In 1949, the
National Environmental Health Association published a study on mosquitos in the Los Angeles area, stating that two species that may carry disease had been found in the hot springs area. The springs have been under the purview of the California State Parks and Recreation department since
231:
and other
Indigenous tribes. These Indigenous inhabitants were formerly referred to as "Fernandeños" by the Spanish colonialists because they were enslaved by the San Fernando Mission. Rancho Los Encinos, the land encompassing the springs, was originally granted by the Spanish king to a veteran of
219:, who was the diarist for the expedition, mentioned the artesian springs in his 1769 diary. He described the Indigenous peoples living there in two villages populated with a total of about 200 inhabitants. The springs were a gathering place for several thousand years for the
380:
In 1875, the hot spring water temperature was measured at 85 °F (29 °C). The mineral content was recorded as including sodium, calcium, sulphate, chloride, carbonate, silica, and trace amounts of potassium, lithium and phosphate.
364:
reported that over 1000 people visited the resort in one day. The report stated that the site was known as the "old
Amestoy Homestead", and mentioned that a swimming pool and dance hall were being constructed at the "famous hot spring".
300:
In 1915, two spring sources were identified on the site, approximately 30 feet (9.1 m) apart within the stone reservoir, the smaller spring west of the larger spring. The geologic source of the water is associated with the
333:
In 1946 it was reported that the state of
California had established a fund to acquire El Ranchos de Los Encinos, (a five-acre rancho), including the hot springs that formerly belonged to the Indigenous peoples of the area.
592:
148:
of the area now known as
Southern California. It was used by several tribes of Indigenous peoples for thousands of years. Later, after settlement, the artesian springs were used as a water source for
292:
in the 1880s. They could refresh themselves from the long dusty trip from Los
Angeles to San Francisco. The bathhouse fell into disrepair as shown here with Alex Abel, caretaker of the ranch under
1060:
669:. Water-Supply Paper no. 338–339 (Department of the Interior, United States Geological Survey Water-Supply Papers). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. pp. 246–247
1040:
399:
In 1969, the measured yield of the springs was 24,000 U.S. gallons (91,000 L; 20,000 imp gal) per day. The hot springs continue to flow, as of 1978, at the
320:
claimed the "Indians in the Encino Hot
Springs vicinity fashioned the finest stone vessels of any Indians In this part of the country with the possible exception of
1025:
1045:
346:
932:
305:, where the shale "dips about 25°N" toward the Valley, and was a "primary and secondary alkaline and primary saline water of moderate mineralization".
427:
1030:
485:
241:
273:
448:
338:
1949, and continue to feed the reservoir (alternately called an artificial lake or "fishpond") that was built by
Garnier in the 1870s.
66:
1020:
321:
245:
1055:
694:
Mineral
Springs and Health Resorts of California: With a Complete Chemical Analysis of Every Important Mineral Water in the World
400:
165:
862:
237:
157:
888:
422:
837:
812:
708:
633:
1050:
563:
368:
In 1928, the hot springs property was purchased from T.S. Ward and Mrs. R. White by H.W. Oakes, a restaurant owner from
59:
285:
910:
475:
126:
289:
252:
was granted by the Mexican government to Ramon, Francisco and Roque, who are traditionally believed to have been
197:
161:
44:
1035:
308:
In 1925, a Mexican worker at the site discovered a 20-inch (51 cm) grinding mortar made of volcanic
417:
312:, and a possible burial ground west of the springs. The large bowl-shaped mortar had a beaded edge. The
257:
193:
180:
Rancho El Encino mapped in 1871, before the spring water reservoirs were constructed, showing groves of
981:
542:
233:
317:
530:
261:
153:
664:
746:
149:
531:"Ranchos of California; a list of Spanish concessions, 1775-1822, and Mexican grants, 1822-1846"
456:(Map). NOAA National Geophysical Center. Sacramento: California Department of Mines and Geology.
692:
481:
355:
326:
204:
185:
1001:
801:. U.S. Department of the Interior, Geological Survey, Water Resources Division. pp. A-6.
796:
538:
386:
606:
412:
293:
253:
249:
131:
986:. State of California, Resources Agency, Department of Parks and Recreation. p. 178.
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In the 1920s, a resort and hotel operated at Encino Hot Springs. The resort was built on
798:
Data for Springs in the Southern Coast, Transverse, and Peninsular Ranges of California
382:
224:
216:
176:
1014:
360:
130:
Old bathhouse at Encino hot mineral spring, shown with Alex Abel, caretaker of the
396:
measured the spring water temperature at 79 °F (26 °C) at the source.
956:
677:
99:
17:
81:
68:
369:
141:
358:, and became a popular spot that included entertainment. In July 1922, the
228:
750:
734:
504:
771:
324:
Indians, who had a stone particularly adaptable to such purposes". The
302:
284:"The Encino spring was used as one of the first mineral springs along
447:
Higgins, Chris T.; Therberge, Albert E. Jr.; Ikelman, Joy A. (1980).
309:
220:
145:
350:"Encino Hot Springs" Los Angeles Evening Express, September 22, 1923
345:
175:
125:
709:"Burial Ground Indicated: Encino Hot Springs Scene of Discovery"
393:
593:"Makes bid for public assistance in preserving historic Encino"
288:. The old bathhouse was a favorite stop for riders along the
733:
Pierce, W. Dwight; Duclus, W.E.; Longacre, M.Y. (May 1945).
280:"a number" of sources that were in "local use" at Encino.
983:
Los Encinos State Historic Park: Resource Management Plan
739:
The Sanitarian; National Environmental Health Association
980:
Recreation, California Department of Parks and (1978).
330:
was estimated to be between 1000 and 1500 years old.
813:"Many Inspect Features of Encino Hot Springs Resort"
564:"HISTORY: The Battle That May Have Saved the Nation"
140:
are historic thermal springs located at the site of
936:
NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
116:
108:
98:
58:
32:
1061:Protected areas of Los Angeles County, California
1005:photo collection: Los Encinos Rancho spring, 1949
213:El Valle de la Catalina de Bononia de los Encinos
164:route. The springs are located in the modern-day
607:"Brief History of Vincente de la Osa and Family"
511:. California Department of Parks and Recreation
469:
467:
465:
463:
389:gasses percolated up through the spring water.
282:
911:"San Diego Man is New Owner of Encino Springs"
957:"The Los Angeles Times 03 Aug 1969, page 207"
658:
656:
654:
8:
889:"Encino Hot Springs Proving Popular Resort"
43:
29:
1041:Springs of Los Angeles County, California
772:"Los Encinos State Historic Park History"
207:came upon a grove of oak trees (Spanish:
160:. In the 1880s it was a rest stop on the
817:The Van Nuys News and Valley Green Sheet
735:"Mosquitoes of Los Angeles and Vicinity"
428:List of hot springs in the United States
264:'s troops camped at the Encino Springs.
499:
497:
439:
663:Waring, Gerald Ashley (January 1915).
1026:Geothermal areas in the United States
215:. Franciscan missionary and explorer
203:In August 1769, an expedition led by
7:
586:
584:
274:Jose Vicente de los Reyes de la Ossa
863:"He says Jersey Giants best fryers"
838:"He Says Jersey Giants Best Fryers"
49:El Encino Springs reservoir in 1901
1046:History of the San Fernando Valley
634:"Amestoy Rancho Historic Landmark"
450:Geothermal Resources of California
25:
505:"Los Encinos State Historic Park"
244:in 1797, and then finally, after
913:. Van Nuys News. 31 January 1928
697:. Bancroft Company. p. 194.
591:Price, Gertrude (28 May 1946).
401:Los Encinos State Historic Park
316:reported that the archeologist
166:Los Encinos State Historic Park
474:Crosby, Michael (2009-06-08).
158:Los Angeles County, California
1:
933:"Thermal Springs in the U.S."
891:. Van Nuys News. 25 July 1922
423:Ranchos of Los Angeles County
144:village, a settlement of the
120:79–90 °F (26–32 °C)
1031:Historic sites in California
795:Berkstresser, C. F. (1968).
562:Harris, Scott (1996-09-24).
1003:Los Angeles Herald-Examiner
595:. Daily News (Los Angeles).
1077:
691:Anderson, Winslow (1890).
1021:Hot springs of California
844:. 1928-03-04. p. 143
296:, and was later removed."
54:
42:
37:
715:. 1925-11-03. p. 25
240:, then regranted to the
1056:Tongva populated places
819:. 1922-08-11. p. 1
640:. 1950-07-28. p. 9
543:2027/uc1.32106008754035
290:Butterfield Stage route
480:. Arcadia Publishing.
351:
298:
248:, in 1845, one square
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162:Butterfield Stagecoach
134:
82:34.15889°N 118.49889°W
842:The Los Angeles Times
713:The Los Angeles Times
666:Springs of California
568:The Los Angeles Times
418:Tongva Sacred Springs
349:
258:Battle of Providencia
179:
129:
242:San Fernando Mission
238:Juan Francisco Reyes
87:34.15889; -118.49889
1051:Encino, Los Angeles
272:From 1849 to 1862,
262:Manuel Micheltorena
211:) which they named
198:overland stage road
154:San Fernando Valley
152:in what is now the
78: /
352:
260:occurred in 1845,
234:Portolá expedition
201:
150:Rancho Los Encinos
146:Tongva-Kizh people
138:Encino Hot Springs
135:
33:Encino Hot Springs
867:Los Angeles Times
614:historicparks.org
487:978-1-4396-2316-9
387:hydrogen sulphide
356:Ventura Boulevard
314:Los Angeles Times
205:Gaspar de Portola
124:
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38:El Encino Springs
16:(Redirected from
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392:Decades later,
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342:Historic resort
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254:Mission Indians
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869:. 4 March 1928
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537:. p. 34.
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303:Miocene shale
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676:– via
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638:Valley Times
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570:. p. 30
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941:11 November
917:12 November
895:12 November
873:11 November
756:11 November
515:12 November
268:Description
217:Juan Crespí
196:), and the
117:Temperature
85: /
73:118°29′56″W
60:Coordinates
1015:Categories
966:2023-11-01
848:2023-11-01
823:2023-11-01
781:2023-11-17
745:(6): 724.
719:2023-11-11
678:HathiTrust
673:2023-11-01
644:2023-11-01
619:2023-11-12
574:2023-11-01
548:2023-11-12
535:HathiTrust
434:References
190:guatamotes
156:region of
104:geothermal
370:San Diego
142:Siutcanga
109:Discharge
70:34°9′32″N
751:26323900
407:See also
229:Tataviam
327:mortero
225:Chumash
209:encinos
194:willows
182:encinos
172:History
749:
509:CA.gov
484:
477:Encino
310:basalt
236:named
221:Tongva
747:JSTOR
610:(PDF)
454:(PDF)
943:2023
919:2023
897:2023
875:2023
758:2023
517:2023
482:ISBN
394:NOAA
385:and
232:the
186:oaks
100:Type
94:NOAA
539:hdl
188:),
1017::
959:.
865:.
840:.
815:.
774:.
741:.
737:.
711:.
653:^
636:.
612:.
583:^
566:.
533:.
507:.
496:^
462:^
403:.
372:.
227:,
223:,
168:.
969:.
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760:.
743:7
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192:(
184:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
