44:
265:
3008:
238:
2994:
3020:
3032:
303:, its type locality, where it has been measured at a maximum thickness of 480 metres (1,570 ft). Discontinuous outcrops are also found in the Worcester-Pletmos and Oudshoorn-Gamtoos Basins, including isolated occurrences in the Haasvlakte, Jubilee, and Soutpansvlakte Basins near the small town
477:
it exists as partially-rounded clasts of grit and
Witteberg sandstone, cemented in beds of argillaceous, reddish sandstone, and overlaying the Ecca formation. In the Nuy-Vink area, it exists as pale Witteberg sandstone and greenish Ecca shale clasts, cemented in a pale red or greenish (sometimes
573:(60%) and Table Mountain sandstone (40%) clasts. The more northern parts have far more intercalated sandstone and mudstone, with clasts originating from the central Ruens Bokkeveld deposits. The clasts of the southern parts are predominantly from the surrounding Bredasdorp mountains and
399:
lenses. Groupings within the formation have occasionally been informally identified, such as the basal Enon
Sandstones that occur in the Algoa Basin. Much of the formation tends to comprise smaller clasts in a more iron-rich matrix, giving it a more reddish colour.
779:
Gresse, P. G., Theron, J. N., & Geological Survey (South Africa) (1992). The geology of the
Worcester area: Explanation of sheet 3319, scale 1:250 000. Pretoria: Republic of South Africa, Dept. of Mineral and Energy Affairs, Geological
604:, charcoal fragments, abraded bone fragments, and two theropod dinosaur teeth, have been recovered from the Enon Formation at the Oudtshoorn theropod site. However, fossil preservation is extremely poor.
458:
Though formerly continuous, the Enon
Formation now occurs as several disjunct outcrops in the southern Cape. Along the Worcester-Pletmos Basin, it occurs in patches along the southern flanks of the
406:
are the most diagnostic feature of the Enon, so much so in the past the formation was referred to as the Enon
Conglomerate Formation. The conglomerates consist of large, sub-rounded to rounded
1612:
939:
820:
580:
Other outcrops occur in smaller, isolated basins south of
Soetendalsvlei at Jubilee, where pale red and grey conglomerates, mudstones, sandstones and tuffaceous rocks support occasional
555:
shale clasts in a pale reddish-grey matrix. The rock just south of the
Hartebeeskuil dam however, is composed more of partially silicified sandstone and quartzite clasts. At
1322:
667:"Dingle, R. V. "Structural and sedimentary development of the continental margin off southwestern Africa." Communications of the Geological Survey of Namibia 8 (1992): 35-43"
517:
sandstones of the
Klaasvoogdsrivier area. The eastern part of this Enon outcrop, near Ashton, contains clasts of Dwyka tillite, fine greenish sandstone and shale pebbles.
551:
At
Herbertsdale, a large section is exposed, often interfingered with the neighbouring Kirkwood Formation. The southern portion of the Enon is composed mainly of angular
908:
584:
caps, as well as at
Haasvlakte. Laterally, the limits of the Enon conglomerate beds often interfinger or transition gradually into the softer sands and mudstones of the
577:
rocks. To the east, an isolated bed in the Soutrivier valley is composed almost entirely of disc-shaped shale and siltstone clasts (with occasional vein quartz rocks).
853:
2801:
1579:
1617:
3060:
3075:
1584:
735:
McMillan, I.K.; Brink, G.I.; Broad, D.S.; Maier, J.J. (1997-01-01). "Chapter 13 Late Mesozoic Sedimentary Basins Off the South Coast of South Africa".
540:, it exists mainly as a curved band surrounding the southern edge of the larger Kirkwood Formation. Near Heidelberg, the Enon is composed of greenish
391:
rich) sandy clay. At some places, clasts of various sizes are intermixed, with large amounts of sandy matrix; at others however, water-sorted
901:
1423:
43:
3080:
2806:
869:"Microfaunal biostratigraphy, chronostratigraphy and history of Mesozoic and Cenozoic deposits on the coastal margin of South Africa"
1358:
756:
3090:
3065:
3024:
2903:
894:
2188:
3070:
2858:
2796:
2193:
3085:
2178:
2173:
1574:
1431:
789:
565:
A large but highly eroded outcrop also occurs in the Soutpansvlakte Basin, in the Waterskilpad river area, north east of
430:
clasts are generally more rounded whereas the slate and shale clasts are angular. These are interbedded with subordinate
2759:
2454:
2198:
1622:
140:
2449:
2183:
562:
Along the Oudshoorn-Gamtoos Basin, it occurs south of the Swartberg mountain range - around Oudtshoorn and eastwards.
3095:
1477:
1467:
1441:
2878:
1403:
2499:
1368:
1019:
955:
689:
666:
545:
537:
533:
186:
147:
513:, in a reddish-brown matrix, overlaying Witteberg Group rocks. This outcrop surrounds the fine, pale, greyish
2848:
2328:
1436:
1151:
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917:
491:
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343:
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118:
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264:
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280:
60:
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1200:
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1100:
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366:
339:
80:
315:
The Enon Formation was formed along the southern section of South Africa during the break up of
532:
shale and micaceous Witteberg sandstone clasts, in a reddish-green sandy clay matrix. Between
2963:
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2137:
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35:
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296:
70:
652:
Inversion Tectonics of the Cape Fold Belt, Karoo and Cretaceous Basins of Southern Africa
705:
473:, the Enon beds are tilted downwards to the south, and occur in three main outcrops. At
334:
It provides important geological data on the change in landscape during the break-up of
2998:
2888:
2718:
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2002:
1962:
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1462:
1297:
1292:
1146:
443:
320:
179:
90:
748:
358:
in most locales expect where the Enon is underlain by deposits of the Cape Fold Belt.
3054:
2822:
2749:
2687:
2559:
2554:
2529:
2479:
2398:
2383:
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2223:
2107:
2082:
2052:
1997:
1947:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1891:
1886:
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1861:
1851:
1816:
1786:
1761:
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1674:
1535:
1530:
970:
868:
647:
628:
346:- which overlie it, and because it is the oldest formation of the onshore post-Karoo
324:
49:
31:
27:
648:"Tectonic inversion and radiometric resetting of the basement in the Cape Fold Belt"
2993:
2883:
2853:
2645:
2635:
2599:
2524:
2504:
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2428:
2413:
2403:
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2147:
2097:
2077:
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2037:
1987:
1977:
1942:
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1413:
589:
510:
407:
392:
362:
355:
351:
292:
288:
284:
243:
225:
221:
269:
Map showing extent of the Enon Formation (purple) in the Algoa and Gamtoos Basins
2713:
2650:
2625:
2604:
2589:
2519:
2494:
2423:
2418:
2368:
2353:
2338:
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2132:
2117:
2112:
2067:
2062:
2027:
2022:
2017:
1967:
1836:
1821:
1806:
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1408:
1363:
1287:
1255:
1178:
1039:
999:
793:
601:
487:
447:
300:
821:"Review and stratigraphic significance of Southern Cape Mesozoic Palaeontology"
559:, the Enon outcrops are often also composed of sandstone and quartzite clasts.
16:
Jurassic-Cretaceous geological formation in the Uitenhage Group of South Africa
2744:
2708:
2579:
2564:
2549:
2539:
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2408:
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2007:
1982:
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1638:
1525:
1183:
1064:
713:
566:
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525:
483:
479:
463:
388:
361:
The sedimentary rock of the Enon comprises several different types of coarse,
304:
839:
805:
Mateer, N. J. (1987). A new report of a theropod dinosaur from South Africa.
766:
721:
201:
188:
162:
149:
2692:
2671:
2630:
2348:
2333:
2152:
2102:
2087:
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2012:
1992:
1952:
1846:
1801:
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1730:
1714:
1653:
1648:
1337:
507:
503:
431:
427:
411:
396:
380:
128:
886:
688:
Muir, R.A.; Bordy, E.M.; Reddering, J.S.V.; Viljoen, J.H.A. (2017-06-01).
2534:
2509:
2474:
1926:
1876:
1709:
1679:
1381:
690:"Lithostratigraphy of the Enon Formation (Uitenhage Group), South Africa"
581:
521:
439:
423:
347:
335:
316:
258:
Enon settlement (former mission station, east of Kirkwood), Eastern Cape
2973:
2283:
435:
2574:
384:
369:
646:
Gresse, P.G.; Theron, J.N.; Fitch, F.J.; Miller, J.A. (1992-01-01).
419:
415:
499:
2952:
2924:
2780:
1601:
1514:
1276:
928:
890:
524:
region, the Enon Formation occurs in several more outcrops. At
569:. The far western portion of this conglomerate is composed of
295:. It is the lowermost of the four formations found within the
331:
in age although more thorough dating needs to be undertaken.
434:
lenses ranging from white, yellow, red and green in colour,
319:
when there was widespread erosion of rocks comprising the
1613:
List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in South Africa
940:
List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in South Africa
873:
Geological Society of South Africa, Special Publication
395:
of similar size occur in layers, separated by infilled
338:
in relation to the younger and softer formations - the
2831:
2815:
2732:
2701:
2680:
2664:
2613:
2467:
2442:
2211:
2166:
1935:
1744:
1723:
1662:
1631:
1486:
1455:
1422:
1351:
1323:
Tectonic evolution of the Barberton greenstone belt
1248:
1075:
989:
948:
819:McMillan, I.K. McLachlan, I.R. & (1976-05-01).
254:
249:
231:
217:
178:
139:
134:
124:
114:
109:
101:
86:
76:
66:
56:
21:
683:
681:
679:
548:, Witteberg sandstone clasts are also present.
2802:Geological Commission of the Cape of Good Hope
1580:Department of Mineral Resources (South Africa)
867:McLachlan, I.R.; McMillan, I.K. (1979-01-01).
1618:Archean life in the Barberton Greenstone Belt
902:
442:units. These were deposited in a high-energy
8:
852:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
622:
620:
3031:
2949:
2921:
2812:
2777:
2439:
2163:
1628:
1598:
1585:Department of Mineral Resources and Energy
1511:
1348:
1273:
945:
925:
909:
895:
887:
263:
42:
18:
462:- from Worcester in the west, as far as
616:
379:. The clasts are usually pale or white
845:
629:"Onshore post-Karoo Mesozoic deposits"
544:shale clasts and vein quartz. Nearer
354:. Underlying strata are separated by
7:
588:. Outcroups are also known from the
3061:Geologic formations of South Africa
48:Enon Formation conglomerate in the
2807:Geological Society of South Africa
383:, and the most common matrix is a
14:
3076:Upper Cretaceous Series of Africa
1359:List of volcanoes in South Africa
3030:
3019:
3018:
3006:
2992:
2904:Eduard Meine van Zinderen-Bakker
828:South African Journal of Geology
694:South African Journal of Geology
236:
105:up to 480 m (1,570 ft)
2189:Pristerognathus Assemblage Zone
737:Sedimentary Basins of the World
2797:Evolutionary Studies Institute
2194:Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone
1:
2179:Daptocephalus Assemblage Zone
2174:Cistecephalus Assemblage Zone
1575:Minerals Council South Africa
1432:1620 Robben Island earthquake
749:10.1016/S1874-5997(97)80016-0
2782:Research and administration
2455:Lystrosaurus Assemblage Zone
2199:Tropidostoma Assemblage Zone
180:Approximate paleocoordinates
2450:Cynognathus Assemblage Zone
2184:Eodicynodon Assemblage Zone
633:The Geology of South Africa
482:) mudstone, overlaying the
3112:
1478:Vredefort impact structure
1468:Morokweng impact structure
1442:2006 Mozambique earthquake
627:Shone, R.W. (2006-01-01).
3081:Jurassic System of Africa
2986:
2959:
2948:
2931:
2920:
2879:Daniel Rossouw Kannemeyer
2787:
2776:
2760:Waterloo Farm lagerstätte
1623:Waterloo Farm lagerstätte
1608:
1597:
1521:
1510:
1404:Barberton Greenstone Belt
1283:
1272:
935:
924:
714:10.25131/gssajg.120.2.273
454:Current geographic extent
372:to cobble thickly-bedded
323:. It is considered to be
262:
41:
26:
2500:Coelophysis rhodesiensis
1369:Pilanesberg Game Reserve
1020:Table Mountain Sandstone
956:Bushveld Igneous Complex
790:Oudtshoorn theropod site
410:of sheared or unsheared
3091:Conglomerate formations
3066:Cretaceous South Africa
3013:South Africa portal
2849:Charles Kimberlin Brain
1437:1969 Tulbagh earthquake
1152:Abrahamskraal Formation
1106:Sundays River Formation
1030:Abrahamskraal Formation
918:Geology of South Africa
2864:Anusuya Chinsamy-Turan
2792:Council for Geoscience
2755:West Coast Fossil Park
1447:2014 Orkney earthquake
1328:Terra Australis Orogen
1278:Tectonics and orogeny
1091:Buffelskloof Formation
498:, it exists mainly as
97:(northern Algoa Basin)
3071:Jurassic South Africa
1374:Prince Edward Islands
930:Geological formations
3086:Late Jurassic Africa
2936:Geology of Cape Town
2894:John Talbot Robinson
2844:Lieuwe Dirk Boonstra
1550:Coal in South Africa
1541:Banket (mining term)
1238:Normandien Formation
981:Transvaal Supergroup
61:Geological formation
2899:George William Stow
2740:Cradle of Humankind
1494:Bellsbank meteorite
1387:Finsch diamond mine
1343:Witwatersrand Basin
1318:Makhonjwa Mountains
1189:Whitehill Formation
1167:Middleton Formation
1055:Whitehill Formation
1045:Ganigobis Formation
1005:Ganigobis Formation
706:2017SAJG..120..273M
471:Breede River valley
460:Langeberg Mountains
198: /
159: /
28:Stratigraphic range
2999:Geology portal
2874:Alfred W. Crompton
2839:Andrew Geddes Bain
2123:Pristerognathoides
1563:Titanium in Africa
1558:Platinum in Africa
1554:Iron ore in Africa
1397:Koffiefontein mine
1392:Jagersfontein Mine
1303:Gondwanide orogeny
1201:Bushveld Sandstone
1172:Teekloof Formation
1101:Kirkwood Formation
1050:Teekloof Formation
961:Fig Tree Formation
586:Kirkwood Formation
515:Kirkwood Formation
446:environment where
350:deposits found in
81:Kirkwood Formation
3096:Alluvial deposits
3048:
3047:
2982:
2981:
2964:Pothole (geology)
2944:
2943:
2926:Regional articles
2916:
2915:
2912:
2911:
2869:H. Basil S. Cooke
2772:
2771:
2768:
2767:
2545:Heterodontosaurus
2463:
2462:
2207:
2206:
2138:Promoschorhynchus
1593:
1592:
1568:Uranium in Africa
1516:Mineral deposits
1506:
1505:
1502:
1501:
1268:
1267:
1264:
1263:
1233:Molteno Formation
1228:Katberg Formation
1206:Clarens Formation
1162:Katberg Formation
1157:Balfour Formation
1125:Drakensberg Group
1113:Kalahari Deposits
1035:Balfour Formation
966:Komatii Formation
273:
272:
3103:
3034:
3033:
3022:
3021:
3011:
3010:
3009:
2997:
2996:
2950:
2922:
2813:
2778:
2440:
2164:
2093:Macroscelesaurus
1973:Cistecephaloides
1958:Blattoidealestes
1782:Cistecephaloides
1685:Deltacephalaspis
1629:
1599:
1512:
1349:
1274:
1223:Elliot Formation
1211:Elliot Formation
1142:Karoo Supergroup
976:Onverwacht Group
946:
926:
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897:
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329:Early Cretaceous
279:is a geological
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36:Early Cretaceous
19:
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3044:
3007:
3005:
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2969:Steep structure
2955:
2940:
2927:
2908:
2832:Paleontologists
2827:
2811:
2783:
2764:
2728:
2724:Vulpes skinneri
2697:
2676:
2660:
2656:Ptychoceratodus
2621:Acanthohoplites
2609:
2585:Ptychoceratodus
2459:
2438:
2389:Ptychoceratodus
2364:Platycraniellus
2289:Ictidosuchoides
2203:
2162:
2143:Scalopocephalus
2128:Pristerognathus
2043:Homodontosaurus
1931:
1857:Ictidosuchoides
1797:Dicynodontoides
1777:Charassognathus
1740:
1719:
1695:Gondwanascorpio
1658:
1627:
1604:
1589:
1517:
1498:
1482:
1451:
1418:
1347:
1333:Transvaal Basin
1313:Kalahari Craton
1308:Kaapvaal Craton
1279:
1260:
1244:
1196:Stormberg Group
1135:Uitenhage Group
1086:Uitenhage Group
1071:
1015:Bokkeveld Group
985:
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602:silicified wood
598:
528:, it exists as
456:
313:
297:Uitenhage Group
268:
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71:Uitenhage Group
52:
17:
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11:
5:
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2889:James Kitching
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2719:Panthera shawi
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2648:
2643:
2641:Macroscaphites
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2617:
2615:
2611:
2610:
2608:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2595:Sefapanosaurus
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2570:Massospondylus
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2515:Erythrotherium
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2471:
2469:
2465:
2464:
2461:
2460:
2458:
2457:
2452:
2446:
2444:
2437:
2436:
2434:Zorillodontops
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2359:Plateosauravus
2356:
2351:
2346:
2344:Olivierosuchus
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2324:Microgomphodon
2321:
2316:
2314:Melanorosaurus
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2264:Erythrotherium
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2219:Batrachosuchus
2215:
2213:
2209:
2208:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2170:
2168:
2161:
2160:
2158:Uranocentrodon
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2073:Lanthanostegus
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2003:Cynariognathus
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1963:Brachyprosopus
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1939:
1937:
1936:Beaufort Group
1933:
1932:
1930:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1757:Alopecognathus
1754:
1748:
1746:
1742:
1741:
1739:
1738:
1733:
1727:
1725:
1721:
1720:
1718:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1666:
1664:
1660:
1659:
1657:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1644:Onychopterella
1641:
1635:
1633:
1626:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1609:
1606:
1605:
1602:
1595:
1594:
1591:
1590:
1588:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1571:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1552:
1546:
1545:
1544:
1543:
1533:
1528:
1522:
1519:
1518:
1515:
1508:
1507:
1504:
1503:
1500:
1499:
1497:
1496:
1490:
1488:
1484:
1483:
1481:
1480:
1475:
1473:Tswaing crater
1470:
1465:
1463:Kalkkop crater
1459:
1457:
1456:Impact craters
1453:
1452:
1450:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1428:
1426:
1420:
1419:
1417:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1400:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1355:
1353:
1346:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1298:Ellisras Basin
1295:
1293:Cape Fold Belt
1290:
1284:
1281:
1280:
1277:
1270:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1259:
1258:
1252:
1250:
1246:
1245:
1243:
1242:
1241:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1217:
1216:
1215:
1214:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1193:
1192:
1191:
1181:
1176:
1175:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1147:Beaufort Group
1139:
1138:
1137:
1132:
1130:Enon Formation
1127:
1118:
1117:
1116:
1115:
1110:
1109:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1096:Enon Formation
1093:
1079:
1077:
1073:
1072:
1070:
1069:
1068:
1067:
1059:
1058:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1024:
1023:
1022:
1017:
1009:
1008:
1007:
1002:
996:Carboniferous
993:
991:
987:
986:
984:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
958:
952:
950:
949:Palaeoarchaean
943:
942:
936:
933:
932:
929:
922:
921:
916:
914:
913:
906:
899:
891:
883:
882:
859:
811:
798:
782:
772:
757:
727:
700:(2): 273–280.
675:
657:
638:
615:
614:
612:
609:
597:
594:
455:
452:
414:and sometimes
356:unconformities
321:Cape Fold Belt
312:
309:
277:Enon Formation
271:
270:
260:
259:
256:
252:
251:
247:
246:
233:
229:
228:
219:
215:
214:
182:
176:
175:
143:
137:
136:
132:
131:
126:
122:
121:
116:
112:
111:
107:
106:
103:
99:
98:
95:Suurberg Group
91:Cape Fold Belt
88:
84:
83:
78:
74:
73:
68:
64:
63:
58:
54:
53:
50:Gamtoos valley
47:
39:
38:
24:
23:
22:Enon Formation
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3108:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3058:
3056:
3041:
3040:
3036:
3029:
3027:
3026:
3017:
3015:
3014:
3003:
3001:
3000:
2995:
2989:
2988:
2985:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2961:
2958:
2951:
2947:
2937:
2934:
2933:
2930:
2923:
2919:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2836:
2834:
2830:
2824:
2823:Hans Merensky
2821:
2820:
2818:
2814:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2789:
2786:
2779:
2775:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2750:Scylacorhinus
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2731:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2706:
2704:
2700:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2688:Africanacetus
2686:
2685:
2683:
2679:
2673:
2670:
2669:
2667:
2663:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2612:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2560:Litargosuchus
2558:
2556:
2555:Lesothosaurus
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2530:Gigantoscelus
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2480:Abrictosaurus
2478:
2476:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2466:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2447:
2445:
2441:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2399:Scaloposaurus
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2384:Proterosuchus
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2374:Progalesaurus
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2299:Lepidodendron
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2274:Euskelosaurus
2272:
2270:
2269:Eucnemesaurus
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2259:Erythrosuchus
2257:
2255:
2254:Ericiolacerta
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2224:Blikanasaurus
2222:
2220:
2217:
2216:
2214:
2210:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2171:
2169:
2165:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2108:Pelictosuchus
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2083:Lepidodendron
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2053:Ictidochampsa
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1998:Cryptocynodon
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1948:Anomocephalus
1946:
1944:
1941:
1940:
1938:
1934:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1917:Thliptosaurus
1915:
1913:
1912:Theriognathus
1910:
1908:
1907:Stereosternum
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1892:Scylacosaurus
1890:
1888:
1887:Procynosuchus
1885:
1883:
1882:Odontocyclops
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1862:Lepidodendron
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1852:Ictidognathus
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1817:Dwykaselachus
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1787:Crapartinella
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1762:Anomocephalus
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1749:
1747:
1743:
1737:
1736:Lepidodendron
1734:
1732:
1729:
1728:
1726:
1724:Carboniferous
1722:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1675:Antarctilamna
1673:
1671:
1668:
1667:
1665:
1661:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1636:
1634:
1630:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1610:
1607:
1603:Paleontology
1600:
1596:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1547:
1542:
1539:
1538:
1537:
1536:Witwatersrand
1534:
1532:
1531:Merensky Reef
1529:
1527:
1524:
1523:
1520:
1513:
1509:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1489:
1485:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1460:
1458:
1454:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1429:
1427:
1425:
1421:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1356:
1354:
1350:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1285:
1282:
1275:
1271:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1251:
1247:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1218:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1194:
1190:
1187:
1186:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1149:
1148:
1145:
1144:
1143:
1140:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1120:
1119:
1114:
1111:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1088:
1087:
1084:
1083:
1081:
1080:
1078:
1074:
1066:
1063:
1062:
1060:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1025:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1010:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
997:
995:
994:
992:
988:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
971:Moodies Group
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
953:
951:
947:
941:
938:
937:
934:
927:
923:
919:
912:
907:
905:
900:
898:
893:
892:
889:
878:
874:
870:
863:
860:
855:
849:
841:
837:
833:
829:
822:
815:
812:
809:30(1):141-145
808:
807:Palaeontology
802:
799:
795:
791:
786:
783:
776:
773:
768:
764:
760:
758:9780444825711
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
731:
728:
723:
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
684:
682:
680:
676:
668:
661:
658:
653:
649:
642:
639:
634:
630:
623:
621:
617:
610:
608:
605:
603:
595:
593:
591:
587:
583:
578:
576:
572:
568:
563:
560:
558:
554:
549:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
518:
516:
512:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
476:
472:
467:
466:in the east.
465:
461:
453:
451:
450:were common.
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
404:Conglomerates
401:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
375:
371:
368:
367:poorly sorted
364:
359:
357:
353:
349:
345:
344:Sundays River
341:
337:
332:
330:
326:
325:Late Jurassic
322:
318:
310:
308:
306:
302:
298:
294:
291:provinces in
290:
286:
283:found in the
282:
278:
266:
261:
257:
253:
248:
245:
234:
230:
227:
223:
220:
216:
211:
202:44.1°S 13.8°W
183:
181:
177:
172:
163:33.6°S 22.2°E
144:
142:
138:
133:
130:
127:
123:
120:
117:
113:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
89:
85:
82:
79:
75:
72:
69:
65:
62:
59:
55:
51:
45:
40:
37:
33:
32:Late Jurassic
29:
25:
20:
3037:
3023:
3004:
2990:
2884:Andre Keyser
2859:Alfred Brown
2854:Robert Broom
2646:Nqwebasaurus
2636:Kangnasaurus
2600:Sphenosuchus
2525:Geranosaurus
2505:Dracovenator
2485:Antetonitrus
2429:Ufudocyclops
2414:Tetracynodon
2404:Scymnosaurus
2309:Lystrosaurus
2294:Kannemeyeria
2249:Elliotherium
2148:Silpholestes
2098:Moschorhinus
2078:Leontosaurus
2048:Icticephalus
2038:Euchambersia
1988:Colobodectes
1978:Choerosaurus
1943:Aelurosaurus
1922:Trochosaurus
1902:Simorhinella
1897:Scymnosaurus
1842:Glossopteris
1827:Eunotosaurus
1705:Serenichthys
1690:Diplacanthus
1670:Africanaspis
1414:Karoo-Ferrar
1129:
1095:
876:
872:
862:
848:cite journal
831:
827:
814:
806:
801:
785:
775:
740:
736:
730:
697:
693:
660:
651:
641:
632:
606:
599:
596:Paleontology
590:Breede River
579:
564:
561:
550:
519:
468:
457:
448:debris flows
402:
374:conglomerate
360:
352:South Africa
333:
314:
293:South Africa
289:Western Cape
276:
274:
250:Type section
244:South Africa
226:Western Cape
207:-44.1; -13.8
119:Conglomerate
2714:Homo naledi
2702:Pleistocene
2651:Paranthodon
2626:Algoasaurus
2605:Tritheledon
2590:Pulanesaura
2520:Fabrosaurus
2495:Coelophysis
2443:Assemblages
2424:Trirachodon
2419:Thrinaxodon
2369:Procolophon
2354:Pentasaurus
2339:Noteosuchus
2329:Micropholis
2304:Lydekkerina
2244:Dinanomodon
2234:Cynognathus
2167:Assemblages
2133:Procolophon
2118:Pristerodon
2113:Polycynodon
2068:Ictidostoma
2063:Ictidodraco
2028:Eohyosaurus
2023:Eodicynodon
2018:Dinanomodon
1968:Broomistega
1837:Glanosuchus
1822:Endothiodon
1807:Dinanomodon
1772:Bulbasaurus
1700:Priscomyzon
1424:Earthquakes
1409:Drakensberg
1364:Pilanesberg
1288:Algoa Basin
1256:Algoa Group
1179:Dwyka Group
1082:Cretaceous
1061:Ordovician
1040:Dwyka Group
1000:Dwyka Group
794:Fossilworks
743:: 319–376.
438:, and rare
387:(sometimes
385:gypsiferous
301:Algoa Basin
205: /
168:-33.6; 22.2
166: /
141:Coordinates
3055:Categories
2816:Geologists
2745:Planolites
2709:Boskop Man
2614:Cretaceous
2580:Pegomastax
2565:Lycorhinus
2550:Ledumahadi
2540:Gyposaurus
2490:Arcusaurus
2409:Shansiodon
2394:Regisaurus
2379:Prolacerta
2319:Mesosuchus
2279:Galesaurus
2239:Diademodon
2229:Bolotridon
2033:Emyduranus
2008:Cynosaurus
1983:Clelandina
1872:Mesosaurus
1867:Lycosuchus
1832:Galechirus
1812:Dinogorgon
1792:Cynosaurus
1639:Notiodella
1632:Ordovician
1526:Kimberlite
1487:Meteorites
1378:Diatremes
1184:Ecca Group
1065:Soom Shale
879:: 161–181.
654:: 217–228.
635:: 541–552.
611:References
567:Bredasdorp
557:Mossel Bay
546:Riversdale
538:Riversdale
534:Heidelberg
526:Swellendam
506:Witteberg
504:quartzitic
490:. Between
484:Ecca Group
480:calcareous
464:Mossel Bay
436:claystones
389:iron-oxide
305:Bredasdorp
2693:Nummulite
2672:Nummulite
2665:Paleogene
2631:Baculites
2349:Orosaurus
2334:Myosaurus
2153:Tamboeria
2103:Paliguana
2088:Lycideops
2058:Ictidodon
2013:Diictodon
1993:Compsodon
1953:Basilodon
1847:Hofmeyria
1802:Diictodon
1767:Basilodon
1752:Abdalodon
1731:Dadoxylon
1715:Umzantsia
1654:Soomaspis
1649:Promissum
1352:Volcanism
1338:Witteberg
1219:Triassic
1121:Jurassic
1011:Devonian
990:Paleozoic
840:1012-0750
767:1874-5997
722:1012-0750
575:Bokkeveld
571:Bokkeveld
553:Bokkeveld
542:Bokkeveld
530:Bokkeveld
508:sandstone
500:micaceous
492:Robertson
475:Worcester
432:sandstone
428:Quartzite
412:quartzite
397:sandstone
381:quartzite
281:formation
129:Sandstone
110:Lithology
102:Thickness
77:Underlies
3039:Glossary
3025:Category
2535:Gryponyx
2510:Eocursor
2475:Aardonyx
2468:Jurassic
2212:Triassic
1927:Youngina
1877:Moschops
1710:Tutusius
1680:Bainella
1663:Devonian
1382:Big Hole
1249:Cenozoic
1076:Mesozoic
1026:Permian
665:Dingle.
592:Valley.
582:silcrete
522:Overberg
486:and the
444:alluvial
440:mudstone
424:charcoal
377:deposits
348:Mesozoic
340:Kirkwood
336:Gondwana
317:Gondwana
255:Location
135:Location
87:Overlies
2974:Swazian
2681:Neogene
2284:Howesia
1745:Permian
702:Bibcode
520:In the
469:In the
363:clastic
311:Geology
299:of the
285:Eastern
232:Country
222:Eastern
193:13°48′W
190:44°06′S
154:22°12′E
151:33°36′S
115:Primary
67:Unit of
2575:Ngwevu
838:
780:Survey
765:
755:
720:
511:clasts
496:Ashton
422:, and
408:clasts
393:clasts
370:pebble
241:
218:Region
2954:Other
2733:Other
834:(2).
824:(PDF)
670:(PDF)
600:Some
488:Dwyka
420:shale
416:slate
125:Other
854:link
836:ISSN
796:.org
763:ISSN
753:ISBN
718:ISSN
536:and
494:and
342:and
287:and
275:The
224:and
57:Type
792:at
745:doi
710:doi
698:120
502:or
327:to
3057::
875:.
871:.
850:}}
846:{{
832:79
830:.
826:.
761:.
751:.
739:.
716:.
708:.
696:.
692:.
678:^
650:.
631:.
619:^
426:.
418:,
365:,
307:.
93:,
30::
910:e
903:t
896:v
877:6
856:)
842:.
769:.
747::
741:3
724:.
712::
704::
672:.
34:-
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