143:. Lomborg approached environmental claims from a statistical and economic standpoint, and concluded that often the claims made by environmentalists were overstated. Lomborg argued, on the basis of cost–benefit analysis, that few environmentalist claims warranted serious concern. The book came under criticism by scientists noting that Lomborg misinterpreted or misrepresented data, criticized misuse of data while committing similar mistakes himself, examined issues supporting his thesis while ignoring information contrary to it, cherry picks literature, oversimplifies, fails to discuss uncertainty or subjectivity, cites mostly media sources, and largely ignores ecology.
214:
about human induced climate change but acknowledged the changing environment around them. The residents of the
Eastern Shore question the legitimacy of the buildup of greenhouse gases from our use of fossil fuels, which cause sea level rise or glacial melting. Part of this hesitation comes from the knowledge passed down through their families and the stories of weather cycles from previous relatives, all who lived in the same area for generations. This concept of nature going through cycles is culturally significant to the groups living in the area.
202:, a professor from Yale, determined that the American community’s attitude towards climate change fall on a scale from concerned or alarmed to disengaged or dismissive. The term climate skeptic is made up of numerous components such as dubious, doubtful, dismissive, and denial. It does not describe simply a non-believer. In a survey conducted by the Pew Research Center, 61% of the public believed there was evidence of global warming. However, 35% of the public still believed there was no significant evidence for global temperature rise.
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conducted was determined to gain a consensus of shared knowledge between the subgroups in regard to the changing environment. Along the scale from denial to concerned, it was found that a majority of respondents noticed climate change but believed that humans were not the cause of it. About a third of the respondents were unaware of it, while the rest of the interlocutors were either dismissive of it or somewhat concerned.
222:
with policies and regulations rather than climate change in the area. They see themselves as living with the climate instead of the common approach of overcoming or conquering it. Living with the climate is viewed as nature and society being connected and sharing a relationship where humans must change their activities to fit the changing climate.
217:
The respondents also make note that climate change may have been newly identified by scientists but has been a phenomenon that has been with us from the beginning of time and not with the onset of the industrial revolution. This reinforces the belief that climate change is happening, just not because
205:
Climate skepticism is considered to be strictly an
American belief constructed of governmental fear, scientific distrust, and interests in resource extraction that support a dominant Western lifestyle. Academics argue that we need to understand Americans underlying ideologies before we denote someone
221:
The respondents also believe that if climate change becomes apparent to politicians as a human-induced problem, that will lead to regulations being placed on them. They do not believe that climate policies will benefit them and are therefore unlikely to support such programs. They are concerned more
129:
is less certain than scientists and scientific bodies say, or that it is too soon to be introducing curbs in these activities on the basis of existing evidence, or that further discussion is needed regarding who should pay for such environmental initiatives. One of the themes the movement focuses on
225:
Communicating with people who are labeled as skeptics can help create policies that may not be rejected. These beliefs are deeply rooted in longstanding traditions and not influenced by right wing think tanks or other media platforms. Therefore, communicating and working with these people may help
213:
One of the cultural models found in this research was that climate change was natural. The respondents interpreted the changes such as rising sea-levels and drought as cycles of nature. They explained them as natural processes in the Earth’s evolution not affected by humans. They expressed doubt
209:
A cultural study on
Maryland’s Eastern Shore helped discern some of the differing beliefs of Americans about environmental change. The study included three groups of residents who are dependent on the Eastern Shore of Maryland: commercial fishermen, farmers, and recent migrants. The research
161:" and declared global warming to be "undoubtedly one of the chief concerns facing the world today" and "a challenge humanity must confront". He summarized his position, saying "Global warming is real - it is man-made and it is an important problem. But it is not the end of the world."
283:
as a hammer against the screw of skepticism will split the wood of public life into splinters or it will immobilize the hammer. Scientism is a modernist tool that will haplessly reshuffle the old excursions - and we all know the 'master's tools will not dismantle the master's house"
278:
Peter
Jacques wrote, "The skeptical environmental counter-movement is a civic problem and in dealing with the propositions from the counter-movement we are forced to reach down to the bedrock issues of epistemology, identities, articulation and other core work for politics. To use
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A 2014 study of individuals from 32 countries found that environmental skepticism stems from insufficient education, self-assessed knowledge, religious/conservative values, lack of trust in society, mistrust of science, and other concerns trumping environmental concern.
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reduce the amount of time it will take for policies to be accepted and approved by them. For policy makers to be effective, they should consider the knowledge that these people have and work with them instead of imposing a top-down approach for climate change policy.
274:
think tanks. It concludes that "scepticism is a tactic of an elite-driven counter-movement designed to combat environmentalism, and that the successful use of this tactic has contributed to the weakening of US commitment to environmental protection."
240:, such widespread skeptical doubts have not developed independently, but have been "encouraged by lobbying and PR campaigns financed by the polluting industries". Supporters of environmentalists argue that "skepticism" implies a form of
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represent about a third of
Americans according to national polls. This number makes it challenging for decision-makers who hesitate to implement environmental policies related to global warming and climate change.
153:
many people are driven to environmental skepticism by the extremism inherent in both sides of the debate and not having been exposed to a sufficiently succinct and visual presentation of the available evidence.
104:
who support them, are false or exaggerated. The term is also applied to those who are critical of environmentalism in general. It can additionally be defined as doubt about the authenticity or severity of
608:
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A study from 2008 showed that the overwhelming majority of environmentally skeptical books published since the 1970s were either written or published by authors or institutions affiliated with
218:
of humans. Therefore, when contemporary theories of climate change challenge respondents’ longstanding traditional cultural models, the latter tends to emerge as the more likely outcome.
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has been a low public priority, ranking 29 out of 30 in the top priorities for the United States
President and Congress. Additionally, in a list of 20 policy priorities, it ranks 19th.
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Jacques, Peter J.; Dunlap, Riley E.; Freeman, Mark (June 2008). "The organisation of denial: Conservative think tanks and environmental scepticism".
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In 2010, Lomborg refined his position and stated that he believes in the need for "tens of billions of dollars a year to be invested in
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Climate
Skepticism" inside the Beltway and across the Bay." In Anthropology and climate change : from actions to transformations
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is the idea that environmentalism is a growing threat to social and economic progress and the civil liberties.
2004:
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Zhou, Min (15 December 2014). "Public environmental skepticism: A cross-national and multilevel analysis".
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594:"Brett Michael Dykes, "Noted anti-global-warming scientist reverses course", Yahoo News (August 31, 2010)"
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244:, and that, in the US particularly, "large donations to Senators and Congressmen and sponsored
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609:"Climate 'sceptic' Bjørn Lomborg now believes global warming is one of world's greatest threats"
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and others of giving millions of dollars to a long list of think-tanks and lobbyists opposed to
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Hard Green: Saving the
Environment from the Environmentalists : a Conservative Manifesto
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1097:, Laguna Hills, CA, The Jefferson School of Philosophy, Economics & Psychology, 1990
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117:. Environmental skepticism can also be the result of cultural and lived experiences.
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Doubt is Their
Product: How Industry's Assault on Science Threatens Your Health
149:, who debated Lomborg on several topics from his book, notes that despite the
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513:"The Skeptical Environmentalist: A Case Study in the Manufacture of News"
354:
John S. Dryzek; Richard B. Norgaard; David
Schlosberg (18 August 2011).
1252:
335:
Renewable energy commercialization#Non-technical barriers to acceptance
921:
The Politically Incorrect Guide to Global Warming and Environmentalism
994:
The Skeptical Environmentalist: Measuring the Real State of the World
382:
1129:
414:
412:
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692:"Environmental sceptics overwhelmingly politicised, says study"
1016:
In a Dark Wood: The Fight Over Forests and the Myths of Nature
568:"Bjørn Lomborg: $ 100bn a year needed to fight climate change"
29:
45:
deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a
387:. Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group. pp. 319–325.
1068:
The satanic gases: clearing the air about global warming
753:
Environmental Skepticism: Ecology, Power and Public Life
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Environmental skeptics have argued that the extent of
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656:Crate, Susan A; Nuttall, Mark, eds. (2016-06-03).
483:
109:. Environmental skepticism is closely linked with
357:The Oxford Handbook of Climate Change and Society
1760:Environmental, social, and corporate governance
542:"Confessions of a Former Environmental Skeptic"
1145:
490:. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
183:According to an annual poll conducted by the
43:The examples and perspective in this article
8:
788:The origins of modern environmental thought
133:The popularity of the term was enhanced by
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1330:
1152:
1138:
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945:The Politically Incorrect Guide to Science
1039:Eco-Imperialism: Green Power, Black Death
81:Learn how and when to remove this message
2164:Barriers to pro-environmental behaviour
790:. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
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780:Neutral or environmentally supportive
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259:, the oil major, has been accused by
7:
566:Jowit, Juliette (30 August 2010).
420:"'Denial lobby' turns up the heat"
25:
1790:Environmental resource management
127:harm coming from human activities
96:is the belief that statements by
2196:
1095:The Toxicity of Environmentalism
890:Kivalina: A Climate Change Story
511:Nisbet, Matt (23 January 2003).
330:Media coverage of climate change
294:
34:
1232:Human impact on the environment
1217:List of environmental conflicts
786:de Steiguer, Joseph E. (2006).
750:Peter J. Jacques (6 May 2016).
659:Anthropology and Climate Change
486:Global crises, global solutions
1551:List of environmental killings
140:The Skeptical Environmentalist
27:Skepticism of environmentalism
1:
1397:Bright green environmentalism
843:The Republican War on Science
607:Moore, Matthew (2010-08-31).
1569:Environmentalism of the poor
1442:Free-market environmentalism
694:. Carbon News. June 17, 2008
572:guardian.co.uk home Location
1785:Natural resource management
1704:Sustainability organization
1175:Outline of environmentalism
887:Shearer, Christine (2011).
822:. Oxford University Press.
775:Selected works and analyses
360:. OUP Oxford. p. 146.
57:, discuss the issue on the
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1579:Hairshirt environmentalism
325:Global warming controversy
179:Global warming controversy
172:
2192:
1867:Anti-incinerator movement
1730:Climate change mitigation
1639:Cultural environmentalism
1574:Environmental stewardship
1559:
1371:Resacralization of nature
1169:
1042:. Free Enterprise Press.
729:10.1080/09644010802055576
169:Climate change skepticism
107:environmental degradation
2223:Environmental skepticism
1949:Conspicuous conservation
1765:Environmentally friendly
1750:Environmental protection
1745:Environmental personhood
1594:Radical environmentalism
1546:Environmental skepticism
1346:Environmental philosophy
756:. Routledge. p. 4.
461:10.1177/0268580914558285
102:environmental scientists
94:Environmental skepticism
1740:Ecological civilization
1111:; Datus Proper (1995).
909:Environmentally skeptic
482:Lomborg, Bjørn (2004).
449:International Sociology
159:tackling climate change
2203:Environment portal
2184:Tragedy of the commons
2048:Environmental defender
1735:Conservation community
1664:Environmental defender
1614:Anti-fracking movement
1525:Stewardship (theology)
1207:Environmental movement
1202:Environmental conflict
1113:Meditations on Hunting
924:. Simon and Schuster.
716:Environmental Politics
18:Environmental skeptics
1982:The Lord of the Rings
1802:Short-haul flight ban
1669:Environmental justice
1634:Conservation movement
1619:Anti-nuclear movement
1541:Anti-environmentalism
1227:Environmental studies
916:Christopher C. Horner
868:In defense of hunting
668:10.4324/9781315434773
320:Climate change denial
315:Anti-environmentalism
255:scientific research.
175:Climate change denial
115:climate change denial
111:anti-environmentalism
1755:Environmental policy
1564:Biophilia hypothesis
1467:Green libertarianism
1109:José Ortega y Gasset
918:(12 February 2007).
426:. London. 2005-03-06
261:Friends of the Earth
151:scientific consensus
63:create a new article
55:improve this article
2119:Seyyed Hossein Nasr
1694:Product stewardship
1679:Ethical consumerism
1589:Nature conservation
1361:Earth jurisprudence
1058:Patrick J. Michaels
1018:. Transaction Pub.
893:. Haymarket Books.
200:Anthony Leiserowitz
185:Pew Research Center
2134:Theodore Roosevelt
2069:Sunderlal Bahuguna
1452:Green conservatism
546:michaelshermer.com
517:Skeptical Inquirer
302:Environment portal
2210:
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2036:Environmentalists
1855:Rio Grande do Sul
1624:Car-free movement
1602:
1601:
1477:Green syndicalism
1341:Political ecology
1197:Ecological crisis
1122:978-1-885106-18-6
1083:978-1-882577-92-7
1062:Robert C. Balling
1049:978-0-939571-23-9
1025:978-0-7658-0752-6
1003:978-0-521-01068-9
981:978-0-465-03113-9
955:978-0-89526-031-4
931:978-1-59698-044-0
900:978-1-60846-128-8
879:978-0-06-251237-6
872:. Harpercollins.
853:978-0-465-04676-8
829:978-0-19-530067-3
797:978-0-8165-2461-7
763:978-1-317-14218-8
497:978-0-521-60614-1
394:978-1-62958-000-5
381:Fiske, S (2016).
367:978-0-19-956660-0
98:environmentalists
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65:, as appropriate.
16:(Redirected from
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2043:Environmentalist
1797:Rights of nature
1720:Circular economy
1689:Impact investing
1659:Ecological grief
1629:Climate movement
1462:Green liberalism
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2124:Chico Mendes
2109:Aldo Leopold
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2079:David Brower
2027:Publications
1981:
1901:South Africa
1822:Tree sitting
1780:Greenwashing
1684:Flight shame
1545:
1503:Christianity
1437:Ecomodernism
1356:Deep ecology
1112:
1094:
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1038:
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1012:Alston Chase
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452:
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1654:Eco-anxiety
1508:Evangelical
1498:Ecotheology
1482:War on coal
1417:Ecofeminism
1366:Ecocentrism
1351:Biocentrism
1241:Disciplines
310:Antiscience
249:think tanks
2174:Land ethic
2094:Ng Cho-nam
2000:Motorsport
1976:Journalism
1942:Ecofiction
1925:In culture
1833:By country
1534:Opposition
1457:Green left
1412:Ecofascism
1298:Psychology
1288:Philosophy
1278:Humanities
1185:Key topics
430:2008-02-07
341:References
272:right-wing
257:ExxonMobil
253:contrarian
246:neoliberal
100:, and the
2129:John Muir
2020:Eco hotel
2005:Sculpture
1964:festivals
1845:Australia
1607:Offshoots
1491:Religious
1385:Political
1318:Sociology
1258:Education
737:144975102
578:30 August
469:145807157
403:956986219
281:scientism
242:denialism
230:Criticism
59:talk page
2217:Category
1817:Protests
1770:Greening
1644:Degrowth
1584:Hardline
1303:Religion
1293:Politics
1064:(2000).
1036:(2003).
1014:(1995).
992:(2001).
966:(1999).
942:(2005).
864:(1995).
840:(2006).
816:(2008).
806:64486430
574:. London
288:See also
53:You may
2104:Al Gore
2015:Tourism
2010:Surfing
1840:Albania
1520:Judaism
1308:Science
1273:History
1253:Ecology
1212:History
618:18 June
551:18 June
522:18 June
1969:horror
1886:Israel
1850:Brazil
1268:Health
1263:Ethics
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465:S2CID
265:Kyoto
121:About
61:, or
1959:list
1954:Film
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802:OCLC
792:ISBN
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700:2011
672:ISBN
620:2018
580:2010
553:2018
524:2018
492:ISBN
399:OCLC
389:ISBN
362:ISBN
251:and
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1932:Art
1283:Law
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