976:
993:
1044:
959:
1010:
942:
53:
1027:
31:
273:
provides that when a subfamily is formed by reducing the rank of a family, the type of a conserved family name has precedence, making
Epacridoideae the correct name. Although Sweet and Walker-Arnott had treated the group as a subfamily, botanists preferred Brown's rank of family, as in the
248:
are also distinctive: there are fewer than twice the number of corolla lobes and their filaments are smooth. Some of these characters are individually present in other members of the family
Ericaceae. Core members of the subfamily (i.e. excluding Prionoteae) also have parallel- or somewhat
1288:
McNeill, John & Turland, Nicholas (2005), "Synopsis of
Proposals on Botanical Nomenclature - Vienna 2005. A Review of the Proposals concerning the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature Submitted to the XVII International Botanical Congress",
975:
1142:
Kron, K.A.; Judd, W.S.; Stevens, P.F.; Crayn, D.M.; Anderberg, A.A.; Gadek, P.A.; Quinn, C.J. & Luteyn, J.L. (2002), "Phylogenetic
Classification of Ericaceae: Molecular and Morphological Evidence",
270:
1268:
Article 19. International Code of
Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017
1581:
992:
1476:
1043:
1009:
1354:
Quinn, Christopher J.; Brown, Elizabeth A.; Heslewood, Margaret M. & Crayn, Darren M. (2005), "Generic concepts in
Styphelieae (Ericaceae): the
1543:
958:
941:
294:
The subfamily is divided into tribes, whose suggested relationship is shown in the following cladogram. The number of genera is approximate.
258:
1236:
Crayn, Darren M.; Kron, Kathleen A. & Potter, Benjamin C.M. (2014), "Typification of some names in
Epacridoideae (Ericaceae)",
524:(2002), with some later modifications, genera that may be placed in the subfamily include the following (tribe in parentheses):
1463:
269:
also treated it as a subfamily in 1832 (using the name
Epacrideae). Although Sweet's name is earlier, Article 19.5 of the
1548:
1576:
1026:
224:
group within the family
Ericaceae, clearly diagnosable using a combination of morphological characters. These include a
52:
1384:
Albrecht, D.E.; Owens, C. T.; Weiller, C. M.; Quinn, C. J. (2010), "Generic concepts in
Ericaceae: Styphelioideae: the
266:
151:
1481:
1118:
1156:
262:
999:
212:, others occurring northwards through the Pacific to Southeast Asia, with a small number in South America.
1571:
1416:
1016:
982:
1213:
1189:
1050:
361:
1454:
1306:
1168:
1160:
1033:
563:
446:
229:
208:
is also used. The subfamily contains around 35 genera and 545 species. Many species are found in
174:
47:
39:
430:
384:
311:
1530:
1489:
1069:
948:
407:
1494:
1397:
1367:
1337:
1298:
1245:
1152:
585:
275:
1266:
90:
965:
77:
1324:
Crayn, Darren M.; Brown, Elizabeth A. & Powell, Jocelyn M. (2003), "A revision of
30:
1565:
1076:, and southeastern Australia. However, some species occur in southern South America (
739:
279:
237:
1172:
1535:
838:
816:
706:
629:
1521:
1448:
1078:
1065:
915:
827:
728:
695:
618:
530:
261:
treated the group as the family Epacridaceae. It was treated as a subfamily by
209:
1271:(electronic ed.), Glashütten: International Association for Plant Taxonomy
282:
in the 1990s showed that excluding Epacridaceae from Ericaceae made the latter
1094:
893:
882:
849:
750:
673:
607:
574:
541:
334:
1439:
1250:
1088:
904:
860:
805:
783:
761:
662:
596:
283:
221:
198:
136:
1515:
1433:
1073:
926:
794:
772:
684:
651:
640:
552:
126:
116:
103:
1310:
1164:
717:
1302:
1083:
871:
245:
225:
1410:
1401:
1371:
1341:
1468:
241:
233:
64:
1414:
271:
International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants
1214:"Indices Nominum Supragenericorum Plantarum Vascularium – S"
1190:"Indices Nominum Supragenericorum Plantarum Vascularium – E"
1157:
10.1663/0006-8101(2002)068[0335:PCOEMA]2.0.CO;2
520:
Based largely on the phylogenetic classification of Kron
1218:
Indices Nominum Supragenericorum Plantarum Vascularium
1194:
Indices Nominum Supragenericorum Plantarum Vascularium
1064:
Members of the Epacridoideae are largely confined to
249:
palmate-veined leaves and lack multicellular hairs.
1505:
1423:
1068:, being particularly diverse in southwestern
8:
1411:
1137:
1135:
1133:
1131:
29:
20:
1582:Taxa named by George Arnott Walker Arnott
1265:Turland, N.J.; et al., eds. (2018),
1249:
278:, until both morphological and molecular
220:The Epacridoideae form a well supported
1183:
1181:
1113:
1111:
1107:
937:
1238:Telopea, Journal of Plant Systematics
265:in 1828 (using the name Stypheliae).
7:
423:
400:
377:
354:
327:
304:
297:
14:
1042:
1025:
1008:
991:
974:
957:
940:
232:, dry, membrane-like (scarious)
51:
1328:(Styphelioideae: Ericaceae)",
1117:Stevens, P.F. (2001 onwards),
1:
197:is a subfamily of the family
1390:Australian Systematic Botany
1360:Australian Systematic Botany
1330:Australian Systematic Botany
1123:Angiosperm Phylogeny Website
267:George Arnott Walker-Arnott
165:
1598:
1212:Reveal, James L. (2011),
1188:Reveal, James L. (2011),
1119:"Ericales: Epacridoideae"
444:
428:
421:
405:
398:
382:
375:
359:
352:
332:
325:
309:
302:
180:
173:
163:
158:
48:Scientific classification
46:
37:
28:
23:
1251:10.7751/telopea20147924
1092:), and Southeast Asia (
1125:, retrieved 2022-10-21
1017:Prionotes cerinthoides
1000:Oligarrhena micrantha
280:phylogenetic studies
1577:Asterid subfamilies
1051:Styphelia tubiflora
240:, and a persistent
16:Subfamily of plants
1034:Richea dracophylla
678:Brongn. & Gris
159:Tribes and genera
40:Epacris longiflora
1559:
1558:
1490:Open Tree of Life
1417:Taxon identifiers
1070:Western Australia
983:Lysinema ciliatum
949:Archeria racemosa
932:
921:
910:
899:
888:
877:
866:
855:
844:
833:
822:
811:
800:
789:
778:
767:
756:
745:
734:
723:
712:
701:
690:
679:
668:
657:
646:
635:
624:
613:
602:
591:
580:
569:
558:
547:
536:
512:
511:
503:
502:
494:
493:
485:
484:
476:
475:
467:
466:
458:
457:
207:
192:
191:
186:
154:
1589:
1552:
1551:
1539:
1538:
1526:
1525:
1524:
1498:
1497:
1485:
1484:
1472:
1471:
1459:
1458:
1457:
1444:
1443:
1442:
1412:
1405:
1404:
1381:
1375:
1374:
1351:
1345:
1344:
1321:
1315:
1313:
1303:10.2307/25065335
1285:
1279:
1278:
1277:
1276:
1262:
1256:
1254:
1253:
1233:
1227:
1226:
1225:
1224:
1209:
1203:
1202:
1201:
1200:
1185:
1176:
1175:
1145:Botanical Review
1139:
1126:
1115:
1046:
1029:
1012:
995:
978:
961:
944:
930:
919:
908:
897:
886:
875:
864:
853:
842:
831:
820:
809:
798:
787:
776:
765:
754:
743:
732:
721:
710:
699:
688:
677:
666:
655:
644:
633:
622:
611:
600:
589:
578:
567:
556:
545:
534:
424:
401:
378:
355:
328:
305:
298:
276:Cronquist system
205:
184:
150:
56:
55:
33:
21:
1597:
1596:
1592:
1591:
1590:
1588:
1587:
1586:
1562:
1561:
1560:
1555:
1547:
1542:
1534:
1529:
1520:
1519:
1514:
1501:
1493:
1488:
1480:
1475:
1467:
1462:
1453:
1452:
1447:
1438:
1437:
1432:
1419:
1409:
1408:
1402:10.1071/SB10009
1383:
1382:
1378:
1372:10.1071/SB05005
1353:
1352:
1348:
1342:10.1071/SB03014
1323:
1322:
1318:
1287:
1286:
1282:
1274:
1272:
1264:
1263:
1259:
1235:
1234:
1230:
1222:
1220:
1211:
1210:
1206:
1198:
1196:
1187:
1186:
1179:
1141:
1140:
1129:
1116:
1109:
1104:
1062:
1055:
1047:
1038:
1030:
1021:
1013:
1004:
1003:(Oligarrheneae)
996:
987:
979:
970:
962:
953:
945:
936:
834:(Oligarrheneae)
823:(Oligarrheneae)
702:(Oligarrheneae)
518:
513:
504:
495:
486:
477:
468:
459:
292:
255:
218:
183:Styphelioideae
149:
50:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1595:
1593:
1585:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1564:
1563:
1557:
1556:
1554:
1553:
1540:
1527:
1511:
1509:
1507:Styphelioideae
1503:
1502:
1500:
1499:
1486:
1473:
1460:
1445:
1429:
1427:
1421:
1420:
1415:
1407:
1406:
1396:(5): 320–332,
1376:
1366:(5): 439–454,
1346:
1316:
1297:(1): 215–250,
1280:
1257:
1228:
1204:
1177:
1151:(3): 335–423,
1127:
1106:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1061:
1058:
1057:
1056:
1048:
1041:
1039:
1031:
1024:
1022:
1014:
1007:
1005:
997:
990:
988:
980:
973:
971:
966:Cosmelia rubra
963:
956:
954:
946:
939:
935:
934:
923:
912:
901:
890:
879:
868:
857:
846:
835:
824:
813:
802:
791:
780:
769:
758:
747:
736:
725:
714:
703:
692:
681:
670:
659:
648:
637:
626:
615:
604:
593:
582:
571:
560:
549:
538:
526:
517:
514:
510:
509:
506:
505:
501:
500:
497:
496:
492:
491:
488:
487:
483:
482:
479:
478:
474:
473:
470:
469:
465:
464:
461:
460:
456:
455:
452:
451:
443:
440:
439:
436:
435:
427:
422:
420:
417:
416:
413:
412:
404:
399:
397:
394:
393:
390:
389:
381:
376:
374:
371:
370:
367:
366:
358:
353:
351:
348:
347:
344:
343:
331:
326:
324:
321:
320:
317:
316:
308:
303:
301:
296:
291:
288:
254:
251:
217:
214:
203:Styphelioideae
190:
189:
188:
187:
178:
177:
171:
170:
161:
160:
156:
155:
144:
140:
139:
134:
130:
129:
124:
120:
119:
114:
107:
106:
101:
94:
93:
88:
81:
80:
75:
68:
67:
62:
58:
57:
44:
43:
35:
34:
26:
25:
24:Epacridoideae
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1594:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1572:Epacridoideae
1570:
1569:
1567:
1550:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1532:
1528:
1523:
1517:
1513:
1512:
1510:
1508:
1504:
1496:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1465:
1461:
1456:
1455:Epacridoideae
1450:
1446:
1441:
1435:
1431:
1430:
1428:
1426:
1425:Epacridoideae
1422:
1418:
1413:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1380:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1350:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1320:
1317:
1314:, pp. 224–225
1312:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1284:
1281:
1270:
1269:
1261:
1258:
1252:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1232:
1229:
1219:
1215:
1208:
1205:
1195:
1191:
1184:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1138:
1136:
1134:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1114:
1112:
1108:
1101:
1099:
1097:
1096:
1091:
1090:
1085:
1081:
1080:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1059:
1054:(Styphelieae)
1053:
1052:
1045:
1040:
1036:
1035:
1028:
1023:
1019:
1018:
1011:
1006:
1002:
1001:
994:
989:
985:
984:
977:
972:
968:
967:
960:
955:
951:
950:
943:
938:
929:
928:
924:
922:(Styphelieae)
918:
917:
913:
911:(Styphelieae)
907:
906:
902:
896:
895:
891:
887:(R.Br.) Sweet
885:
884:
880:
874:
873:
869:
863:
862:
858:
856:(Styphelieae)
852:
851:
847:
845:(Styphelieae)
841:
840:
836:
830:
829:
825:
819:
818:
814:
812:(Styphelieae)
808:
807:
803:
801:(Styphelieae)
797:
796:
792:
790:(Styphelieae)
786:
785:
781:
775:
774:
770:
768:(Styphelieae)
764:
763:
759:
757:(Styphelieae)
753:
752:
748:
746:(Styphelieae)
742:
741:
740:Leptecophylla
737:
731:
730:
726:
720:
719:
715:
709:
708:
704:
698:
697:
693:
691:(Styphelieae)
687:
686:
682:
680:(Styphelieae)
676:
675:
671:
669:(Styphelieae)
665:
664:
660:
658:(Styphelieae)
654:
653:
649:
643:
642:
638:
636:(Styphelieae)
632:
631:
627:
625:(Styphelieae)
621:
620:
616:
614:(Styphelieae)
610:
609:
605:
603:(Styphelieae)
599:
598:
594:
588:
587:
583:
581:(Styphelieae)
577:
576:
572:
566:
565:
561:
559:(Styphelieae)
555:
554:
550:
548:(Styphelieae)
544:
543:
539:
537:(Styphelieae)
533:
532:
528:
527:
525:
523:
515:
508:
507:
499:
498:
490:
489:
481:
480:
472:
471:
463:
462:
454:
453:
450:
449:(16+ genera)
448:
442:
441:
438:
437:
434:
432:
426:
425:
419:
418:
415:
414:
411:
409:
403:
402:
396:
395:
392:
391:
388:
386:
380:
379:
373:
372:
369:
368:
365:
363:
362:Oligarrheneae
357:
356:
350:
349:
346:
345:
342:
340:
336:
330:
329:
323:
322:
319:
318:
315:
313:
307:
306:
300:
299:
295:
289:
287:
285:
281:
277:
272:
268:
264:
260:
252:
250:
247:
243:
239:
238:inflorescence
235:
231:
227:
223:
215:
213:
211:
204:
200:
196:
195:Epacridoideae
182:
181:
179:
176:
172:
169:
167:
162:
157:
153:
148:
147:Epacridoideae
145:
142:
141:
138:
135:
132:
131:
128:
125:
122:
121:
118:
115:
112:
109:
108:
105:
102:
99:
96:
95:
92:
89:
86:
83:
82:
79:
78:Tracheophytes
76:
73:
70:
69:
66:
63:
60:
59:
54:
49:
45:
42:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
1506:
1424:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1379:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1349:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1319:
1294:
1290:
1283:
1273:, retrieved
1267:
1260:
1241:
1237:
1231:
1221:, retrieved
1217:
1207:
1197:, retrieved
1193:
1148:
1144:
1122:
1093:
1087:
1077:
1063:
1060:Distribution
1049:
1032:
1020:(Prionoteae)
1015:
998:
986:(Epacrideae)
981:
969:(Cosmelieae)
964:
952:(Archerieae)
947:
933:(Epacrideae)
925:
914:
903:
900:(Cosmelieae)
892:
881:
870:
867:(Prionoteae)
859:
848:
839:Pentachondra
837:
826:
817:Needhamiella
815:
804:
793:
782:
779:(Epacrideae)
771:
760:
749:
738:
735:(Prionoteae)
727:
724:(Epacrideae)
716:
707:Dracophyllum
705:
694:
683:
672:
661:
650:
647:(Cosmelieae)
639:
630:Conostephium
628:
617:
606:
595:
592:(Archerieae)
584:
573:
570:(Cosmelieae)
562:
551:
540:
529:
521:
519:
445:
429:
406:
383:
360:
338:
333:
310:
293:
284:paraphyletic
263:Robert Sweet
259:Robert Brown
256:
222:monophyletic
219:
202:
194:
193:
164:
146:
110:
97:
84:
71:
38:
18:
1449:Wikispecies
1244:: 319–321,
1079:Lebetanthus
1066:Australasia
916:Trochocarpa
854:C.M.Weiller
828:Oligarrhena
810:C.M.Weiller
744:C.M.Weiller
729:Lebetanthus
696:Dielsiodoxa
619:Coleanthera
531:Acrothamnus
447:Styphelieae
433:(5 genera)
410:(2 genera)
387:(3 genera)
364:(3 genera)
314:(2 genera)
216:Description
210:Australasia
201:. The name
143:Subfamily:
91:Angiosperms
1566:Categories
1336:(5): 600,
1275:2022-10-21
1223:2022-10-21
1199:2022-10-21
1102:References
1095:Leucopogon
1037:(Richeeae)
894:Sprengelia
889:(Richeeae)
883:Sphenotoma
878:(Richeeae)
850:Planocarpa
751:Leucopogon
713:(Richeeae)
674:Cyathopsis
656:J.M.Powell
608:Brachyloma
575:Androstoma
564:Andersonia
542:Acrotriche
431:Epacrideae
385:Cosmelieae
337:(1 genus:
335:Archerieae
312:Prionoteae
1522:Q87132837
1356:Cyathodes
1326:Lissanthe
1089:Styphelia
905:Styphelia
861:Prionotes
806:Montitega
784:Melichrus
762:Lissanthe
663:Cyathodes
623:Stschegl.
597:Astroloma
290:Phylogeny
257:In 1810,
230:epidermis
226:lignified
199:Ericaceae
137:Ericaceae
61:Kingdom:
1516:Wikidata
1469:324935-2
1434:Wikidata
1388:group",
1386:Monotoca
1358:group",
1311:25065335
1255:, p. 320
1173:35699816
1074:Tasmania
931:F.Muell.
927:Woollsia
821:L.Watson
795:Monotoca
773:Lysinema
689:F.Muell.
685:Decatoca
652:Croninia
641:Cosmelia
586:Archeria
553:Agiortia
408:Richeeae
339:Archeria
253:Taxonomy
175:Synonyms
166:See text
133:Family:
127:Ericales
117:Asterids
104:Eudicots
1440:Q781231
1165:4354425
718:Epacris
711:Labill.
667:Labill.
590:Hook.f.
579:Hook.f.
246:stamens
242:corolla
236:on the
123:Order:
65:Plantae
1495:266539
1482:217036
1309:
1171:
1163:
1084:Hawaii
872:Richea
634:Benth.
522:et al.
516:Genera
244:. The
234:bracts
1536:7NM3H
1307:JSTOR
1291:Taxon
1169:S2CID
1161:JSTOR
920:R.Br.
876:R.Br.
865:R.Br.
843:R.Br.
832:R.Br.
799:R.Br.
788:R.Br.
777:R.Br.
766:R.Br.
755:R.Br.
733:Endl.
700:Albr.
645:R.Br.
612:Sond.
601:R.Br.
568:R.Br.
557:Quinn
546:R.Br.
535:Quinn
228:leaf
206:Sweet
185:Sweet
111:Clade
98:Clade
85:Clade
72:Clade
1549:1736
1544:GRIN
1477:NCBI
1464:IPNI
722:Cav.
152:Arn.
1531:CoL
1398:doi
1368:doi
1338:doi
1299:doi
1246:doi
1153:doi
1098:).
1082:),
909:Sm.
898:Sm.
1568::
1546::
1533::
1518::
1492::
1479::
1466::
1451::
1436::
1394:23
1392:,
1364:18
1362:,
1334:16
1332:,
1305:,
1295:54
1293:,
1242:17
1240:,
1216:,
1192:,
1180:^
1167:,
1159:,
1149:68
1147:,
1130:^
1121:,
1110:^
1072:,
341:)
286:.
168:.
113::
100::
87::
74::
1400::
1370::
1340::
1301::
1248::
1155::
1086:(
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