690:
733:
1879:
158:
135:
878:
113:
1695:
2691:
2760:
1912:
2678:
2770:
2785:
2765:
2755:
1670:
1777:
1760:
2775:
2780:
157:
1905:
2790:
1778:"The Phylogeny of Living and Extinct Pangolins (Mammalia, Pholidota) and Associated Taxa: A Morphology Based Analysis"
1743:
Kenneth D. Rose (2008). "Palaeanodonta and
Pholidota". In Janis, Christine M; Gunnell, Gregg F; Uhen, Mark D (eds.).
689:
324:
in the structure of their skulls and forelimbs, and would have had a similar lifestyle as subterranean burrowers.
1898:
2226:
2750:
732:
2745:
2646:
338:
312:
mammals. Late Eocene/early
Oligocene genera were highly specialized animals that were convergent with the
230:
1716:
Rose, Kenneth D. (1978). "A New
Paleocene Epoicotheriid (Mammalia), with Comments on the Palaeanodonta".
2717:
1634:
1657:
G. G. Simpson (1927.) "In North
American Oligocene edentate." Annals of Carnegie Museum 17 (2): 283-299
2583:
2572:
1004:
2393:
2363:
2355:
2305:
2289:
1884:
1405:
1250:
1136:
1113:
1058:
583:
519:
488:
411:
367:
248:
144:
2612:
2511:
2443:
2401:
1428:
1036:
950:
605:
2557:
2038:
1861:
1800:
1725:
923:
152:
2620:
2313:
2297:
1524:
1196:
787:
433:
389:
2722:
2519:
2321:
1159:
977:
659:
The phylogenetic relationships of family
Epoicotheriidae are shown in the following cladogram:
455:
2704:
1853:
1756:
2709:
2696:
2534:
2492:
1845:
1792:
1748:
1599:
904:
2336:
1975:
1964:
1922:
1808:
1233:
704:
477:
2600:
2432:
2215:
2085:
854:
321:
877:
134:
2739:
2549:
2252:
2053:
1639:
872:
747:
684:
342:
289:
285:
281:
212:
62:
1865:
2175:
2164:
1890:
1832:
Kondrashov, Peter; Agadjanian, Alexandre K. (2012). "A nearly complete skeleton of
1804:
317:
277:
1849:
1752:
2477:
2466:
2409:
2072:
2064:
2001:
1366:
764:
627:
123:
37:
2669:
2097:
1874:
1796:
239:
82:
47:
1857:
2451:
2272:
2202:
309:
305:
301:
169:
112:
103:
99:
87:
31:
2663:
2014:
1988:
1940:
719:
313:
189:
77:
72:
57:
52:
42:
2683:
2141:
2130:
2116:
2027:
1729:
274:
92:
67:
1946:
1934:
1836:(Mammalia, Palaeanodonta) from Mongolia: morphofunctional analysis".
297:
199:
179:
2640:
1791:(4). Heidelberg, Germany: Springer Science+Business Media: 235β305.
1696:"Extraordinary fossorial adaptations in the oligocene palaeanodonts
1955:
668:
293:
2644:
1894:
2653:
2597:
2567:
2529:
2487:
2461:
2427:
2373:
2331:
2261:
2247:
2212:
2185:
2159:
2125:
2111:
2082:
2048:
2023:
2010:
1997:
1984:
1973:
1671:"Classification of the family Epoicotheriidae"
1906:
8:
2641:
2502:
2346:
2280:
2258:
2193:
2122:
2020:
2007:
1994:
1981:
1913:
1899:
1891:
133:
111:
20:
1665:
1663:
1694:Kenneth D. Rose, Robert J. Emry (1983)
1650:
284:placental mammals within extinct order
128:compared to the size of a human hand.
7:
2761:Prehistoric mammals of North America
1706:Journal of Morphology 175(1):33 - 56
1518:
1399:
1360:
1353:
1258:
1244:
1229:
1190:
1183:
1066:
1052:
845:
838:
831:
824:
817:
810:
803:
755:
712:
676:
662:
345:by Rose (1978) and Carroll (1988).
1838:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
14:
1877:
876:
731:
688:
341:in 1927. It was assigned to the
156:
1745:9 - Palaeanodonta and Pholidota
1785:Journal of Mammalian Evolution
1:
2771:Prehistoric mammals of Europe
337:Epoicotheriidae was named by
1850:10.1080/02724634.2012.694319
1753:10.1017/CBO9780511541438.010
328:Classification and phylogeny
2786:Prehistoric mammal families
2766:Prehistoric mammals of Asia
2756:Paleocene first appearances
619:(Storch & Rummel, 1999)
610:(Storch & Rummel, 1999)
2807:
2505:
2349:
2283:
2196:
1929:
1797:10.1007/s10914-009-9119-9
1594:
1530:
1516:
1493:
1434:
1411:
1397:
1372:
1358:
1351:
1316:
1295:
1279:
1263:
1256:
1242:
1227:
1202:
1188:
1181:
1165:
1142:
1119:
1087:
1071:
1064:
1050:
1032:
1000:
973:
946:
919:
900:
868:
850:
843:
836:
829:
822:
815:
808:
801:
783:
760:
753:
717:
710:
681:
674:
273:("strange beasts") is an
264:
259:
245:
238:
153:Scientific classification
151:
141:
132:
119:
110:
23:
16:Extinct family of mammals
2539:(paraphyletic subfamily)
2341:(paraphyletic subfamily)
1776:Gaudin, Timothy (2009).
120:Artist reconstruction of
1718:Journal of Paleontology
1376:Xenocranium pileorivale
638:Xenocranium pileorivale
425:(Tong & Wang, 1997)
416:(Tong & Wang, 1997)
124:Xenocranium pileorivale
2776:Myrmecophagous mammals
1267:Tetrapassalus mckennai
1146:Auroratherium sinensis
530:Tetrapassalus mckennai
308:. Epoicotheriids were
2781:Oligocene extinctions
2718:Paleobiology Database
2497:(paraphyletic family)
1675:Paleobiology Database
1635:Mammal classification
1438:Molaetherium heissigi
1075:Pentapassalus pearcei
616:Molaetherium heissigi
499:Pentapassalus pearcei
422:Auroratherium sinense
145:Pentapassalus pearcei
1747:. pp. 135β146.
1415:Epoicotherium unicum
1283:Tetrapassalus proius
1123:Alocodontulum atopum
594:Epoicotherium unicum
539:Tetrapassalus proius
378:Alocodontulum atopum
2791:Paraphyletic groups
2573:Propalaeanodontinae
1885:Paleontology portal
1534:Amelotabes simpsoni
1237:
1091:Pentapassalus woodi
1005:Propalaeanodontinae
508:Pentapassalus woodi
400:Amelotabes simpsoni
1230:
1206:Dipassalus oryctes
444:Dipassalus oryctes
2733:
2732:
2705:Open Tree of Life
2647:Taxon identifiers
2638:
2637:
2634:
2633:
2630:
2629:
2593:
2592:
2540:
2498:
2423:
2422:
2419:
2418:
2342:
2276:
2243:
2242:
2239:
2238:
2155:
2154:
2151:
2150:
2107:
2106:
2036:See in template:
1921:Mammals of clade
1625:
1624:
1591:
1590:
1571:
1570:
1562:
1561:
1553:
1552:
1544:
1543:
1505:
1504:
1484:
1483:
1475:
1474:
1466:
1465:
1457:
1456:
1448:
1447:
1386:
1385:
1340:
1339:
1331:
1330:
1216:
1215:
1169:Tubulodon taylori
1101:
1100:
1016:
1015:
989:
988:
962:
961:
935:
934:
889:
888:
655:Phylogenetic tree
642:
633:
620:
611:
598:
589:
563:
553:
543:
534:
525:
512:
503:
494:
483:
470:
466:Tubulodon taylori
461:
448:
439:
426:
417:
404:
395:
382:
373:
362:
268:
267:
234:
2798:
2726:
2725:
2713:
2712:
2700:
2699:
2687:
2686:
2674:
2673:
2672:
2642:
2538:
2535:Metacheiromyinae
2503:
2496:
2493:Metacheiromyidae
2467:Escavadodontidae
2347:
2340:
2281:
2270:
2259:
2194:
2123:
2021:
2008:
1995:
1982:
1915:
1908:
1901:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1881:
1880:
1870:
1869:
1829:
1823:
1822:
1820:
1819:
1813:
1807:. Archived from
1782:
1773:
1767:
1766:
1740:
1734:
1733:
1713:
1707:
1692:
1686:
1685:
1683:
1681:
1667:
1658:
1655:
1600:Metacheiromyidae
1585:
1519:
1400:
1361:
1354:
1259:
1245:
1238:
1191:
1184:
1067:
1053:
905:Metacheiromyinae
880:
846:
839:
832:
825:
818:
811:
804:
765:Escavadodontidae
756:
735:
729:
713:
692:
677:
663:
640:
631:
618:
609:
597:(Douglass, 1905)
596:
587:
562:(Robinson, 1963)
561:
551:
541:
532:
523:
510:
501:
492:
481:
468:
459:
446:
437:
424:
415:
402:
393:
380:
371:
360:
288:, that lived in
229:
224:
211:
161:
160:
137:
115:
97:
34:
27:Temporal range:
21:
2806:
2805:
2801:
2800:
2799:
2797:
2796:
2795:
2736:
2735:
2734:
2729:
2721:
2716:
2708:
2703:
2695:
2690:
2682:
2677:
2668:
2667:
2662:
2655:Epoicotheriidae
2649:
2639:
2626:
2604:
2589:
2575:
2570:
2563:
2541:
2537:
2532:
2525:
2499:
2495:
2490:
2483:
2469:
2464:
2457:
2435:
2430:
2415:
2385:
2383:
2369:
2343:
2339:
2337:Epoicotheriinae
2334:
2327:
2277:
2269:
2267:Epoicotheriidae
2264:
2255:
2250:
2235:
2227:Pholidota sp. (
2219:
2208:
2190:
2189:representatives
2188:
2181:
2167:
2165:Eurotamanduidae
2162:
2147:
2133:
2128:
2119:
2114:
2103:
2089:
2078:
2056:
2051:
2044:
2030:
2026:
2017:
2013:
2004:
2000:
1991:
1987:
1978:
1976:Pholidotamorpha
1969:
1965:Pholidotamorpha
1925:
1923:Pholidotamorpha
1919:
1883:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1844:(5): 983β1001.
1831:
1830:
1826:
1817:
1815:
1811:
1780:
1775:
1774:
1770:
1763:
1742:
1741:
1737:
1715:
1714:
1710:
1693:
1689:
1679:
1677:
1669:
1668:
1661:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1631:
1626:
1617:
1616:
1603:
1592:
1587:
1579:
1572:
1563:
1554:
1545:
1506:
1497:Epoicotheriidae
1485:
1476:
1467:
1458:
1449:
1387:
1341:
1332:
1234:Epoicotheriinae
1217:
1102:
1017:
990:
963:
936:
890:
723:
705:Pholidotamorpha
657:
641:(Colbert, 1942)
632:(Colbert, 1942)
588:(Simpson, 1927)
533:(Simpson, 1959)
524:(Simpson, 1959)
511:(Guthrie, 1967)
482:(Simpson, 1927)
478:Epoicotheriinae
361:(Simpson, 1927)
357:Epoicotheriidae
351:
335:
330:
271:Epoicotheriidae
255:
252:
228:
226:Epoicotheriidae
222:
209:
155:
127:
121:
106:
96:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
50:
45:
40:
30:57.8β30.9
29:
28:
25:
24:Epoicotheriidae
17:
12:
11:
5:
2804:
2802:
2794:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2751:Eocene mammals
2748:
2738:
2737:
2731:
2730:
2728:
2727:
2714:
2701:
2688:
2675:
2659:
2657:
2651:
2650:
2645:
2636:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2628:
2627:
2625:
2624:
2616:
2607:
2605:
2601:Incertae sedis
2598:
2595:
2594:
2591:
2590:
2588:
2587:
2584:Propalaeanodon
2578:
2576:
2568:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2561:
2553:
2544:
2542:
2530:
2527:
2526:
2524:
2523:
2515:
2506:
2500:
2488:
2485:
2484:
2482:
2481:
2472:
2470:
2462:
2459:
2458:
2456:
2455:
2447:
2438:
2436:
2433:Ernanodontidae
2428:
2425:
2424:
2421:
2420:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2413:
2405:
2397:
2388:
2386:
2374:
2371:
2370:
2368:
2367:
2359:
2350:
2344:
2332:
2329:
2328:
2326:
2325:
2317:
2309:
2301:
2293:
2284:
2278:
2262:
2256:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2237:
2236:
2234:
2233:
2222:
2220:
2216:Incertae sedis
2213:
2210:
2209:
2207:
2206:
2197:
2191:
2186:
2183:
2182:
2180:
2179:
2170:
2168:
2160:
2157:
2156:
2153:
2152:
2149:
2148:
2146:
2145:
2136:
2134:
2126:
2120:
2112:
2109:
2108:
2105:
2104:
2102:
2101:
2092:
2090:
2086:Incertae sedis
2083:
2080:
2079:
2077:
2076:
2068:
2059:
2057:
2049:
2046:
2045:
2043:
2042:
2033:
2031:
2024:
2018:
2011:
2005:
1998:
1992:
1985:
1979:
1974:
1971:
1970:
1968:
1967:
1958:
1949:
1943:
1937:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1920:
1918:
1917:
1910:
1903:
1895:
1889:
1888:
1872:
1871:
1824:
1768:
1761:
1735:
1724:(3): 658β674.
1708:
1687:
1659:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1643:
1642:
1637:
1630:
1627:
1623:
1622:
1619:
1618:
1604:
1596:
1595:
1593:
1589:
1588:
1577:
1574:
1573:
1569:
1568:
1565:
1564:
1560:
1559:
1556:
1555:
1551:
1550:
1547:
1546:
1542:
1541:
1538:
1537:
1529:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1511:
1508:
1507:
1503:
1502:
1500:
1491:
1490:
1487:
1486:
1482:
1481:
1478:
1477:
1473:
1472:
1469:
1468:
1464:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1455:
1454:
1451:
1450:
1446:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1433:
1423:
1422:
1419:
1418:
1410:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1392:
1389:
1388:
1384:
1383:
1380:
1379:
1371:
1359:
1357:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1343:
1342:
1338:
1337:
1334:
1333:
1329:
1328:
1325:
1324:
1315:
1312:
1311:
1308:
1307:
1294:
1291:
1290:
1287:
1286:
1278:
1275:
1274:
1271:
1270:
1262:
1257:
1255:
1243:
1241:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1214:
1213:
1210:
1209:
1201:
1189:
1187:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1164:
1154:
1153:
1150:
1149:
1141:
1131:
1130:
1127:
1126:
1118:
1108:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1099:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1070:
1065:
1063:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1045:
1042:
1041:
1031:
1023:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1014:
1013:
1010:
1009:
999:
996:
995:
992:
991:
987:
986:
983:
982:
972:
969:
968:
965:
964:
960:
959:
956:
955:
945:
942:
941:
938:
937:
933:
932:
929:
928:
918:
915:
914:
911:
910:
899:
896:
895:
892:
891:
887:
886:
883:
882:
867:
864:
863:
860:
859:
855:Ernanodontidae
849:
844:
842:
837:
835:
830:
828:
823:
821:
816:
814:
809:
807:
802:
800:
797:
796:
793:
792:
782:
774:
773:
770:
769:
759:
754:
752:
742:
741:
738:
737:
716:
711:
709:
699:
698:
695:
694:
680:
675:
673:
661:
656:
653:
652:
651:
650:
649:
648:
647:
646:
645:
644:
643:
623:
622:
621:
601:
600:
599:
566:
565:
564:
554:
544:
535:
515:
514:
513:
504:
473:
472:
471:
469:(Jepsen, 1932)
460:(Jepsen, 1932)
451:
450:
449:
429:
428:
427:
407:
406:
405:
385:
384:
383:
350:
349:Classification
347:
334:
331:
329:
326:
322:marsupial mole
300:from the late
266:
265:
262:
261:
257:
256:
253:
243:
242:
236:
235:
220:
216:
215:
207:
203:
202:
197:
193:
192:
187:
183:
182:
177:
173:
172:
167:
163:
162:
149:
148:
139:
138:
130:
129:
117:
116:
108:
107:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
46:
41:
36:
35:
26:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2803:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2746:Palaeanodonta
2744:
2743:
2741:
2724:
2719:
2715:
2711:
2706:
2702:
2698:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2680:
2676:
2671:
2665:
2661:
2660:
2658:
2656:
2652:
2648:
2643:
2623:
2622:
2617:
2615:
2614:
2609:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2602:
2596:
2586:
2585:
2580:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2566:
2560:
2559:
2554:
2552:
2551:
2550:Metacheiromys
2546:
2545:
2543:
2536:
2528:
2522:
2521:
2516:
2514:
2513:
2508:
2507:
2504:
2501:
2494:
2486:
2480:
2479:
2474:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2460:
2454:
2453:
2448:
2446:
2445:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2426:
2412:
2411:
2406:
2404:
2403:
2398:
2396:
2395:
2394:Epoicotherium
2390:
2389:
2387:
2382:
2378:
2377:Epoicotherium
2372:
2366:
2365:
2364:Tetrapassalus
2360:
2358:
2357:
2356:Pentapassalus
2352:
2351:
2348:
2345:
2338:
2330:
2324:
2323:
2318:
2316:
2315:
2310:
2308:
2307:
2306:Auroratherium
2302:
2300:
2299:
2294:
2292:
2291:
2290:Alocodontulum
2286:
2285:
2282:
2279:
2274:
2268:
2260:
2257:
2254:
2253:Palaeanodonta
2246:
2232:
2230:
2224:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2217:
2211:
2205:
2204:
2199:
2198:
2195:
2192:
2184:
2178:
2177:
2172:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2158:
2144:
2143:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2124:
2121:
2118:
2110:
2100:
2099:
2094:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2087:
2081:
2075:
2074:
2069:
2067:
2066:
2061:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2054:Patriomanidae
2047:
2041:
2040:
2035:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2009:
2006:
2003:
1996:
1993:
1990:
1983:
1980:
1977:
1972:
1966:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1944:
1942:
1938:
1936:
1932:
1931:
1928:
1924:
1916:
1911:
1909:
1904:
1902:
1897:
1896:
1893:
1886:
1875:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1828:
1825:
1814:on 2015-09-25
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1779:
1772:
1769:
1764:
1762:9780511541438
1758:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1739:
1736:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1712:
1709:
1705:
1703:
1699:
1698:Epoicotherium
1691:
1688:
1676:
1672:
1666:
1664:
1660:
1654:
1651:
1645:
1641:
1640:Palaeanodonta
1638:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1628:
1621:
1620:
1615:
1613:
1609:
1608:Epoicotherium
1602:
1601:
1583:
1576:
1575:
1567:
1566:
1558:
1557:
1549:
1548:
1540:
1539:
1536:
1535:
1527:
1526:
1521:
1520:
1514:
1513:
1510:
1509:
1501:
1499:
1498:
1492:
1489:
1488:
1480:
1479:
1471:
1470:
1462:
1461:
1453:
1452:
1444:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1431:
1430:
1425:
1424:
1421:
1420:
1417:
1416:
1408:
1407:
1406:Epoicotherium
1402:
1401:
1395:
1394:
1391:
1390:
1382:
1381:
1378:
1377:
1369:
1368:
1363:
1362:
1356:
1355:
1349:
1348:
1345:
1344:
1336:
1335:
1327:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1320:Tetrapassalus
1314:
1313:
1310:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1300:
1299:Tetrapassalus
1293:
1292:
1289:
1288:
1285:
1284:
1277:
1276:
1273:
1272:
1269:
1268:
1261:
1260:
1253:
1252:
1251:Tetrapassalus
1247:
1246:
1240:
1239:
1236:
1235:
1225:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1212:
1211:
1208:
1207:
1199:
1198:
1193:
1192:
1186:
1185:
1179:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1171:
1170:
1162:
1161:
1156:
1155:
1152:
1151:
1148:
1147:
1139:
1138:
1137:Auroratherium
1133:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1125:
1124:
1116:
1115:
1114:Alocodontulum
1110:
1109:
1106:
1105:
1097:
1096:
1093:
1092:
1085:
1084:
1081:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1069:
1068:
1061:
1060:
1059:Pentapassalus
1055:
1054:
1048:
1047:
1044:
1043:
1040:
1039:
1038:
1029:
1025:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1012:
1011:
1008:
1007:
1006:
998:
997:
994:
993:
985:
984:
981:
980:
979:
971:
970:
967:
966:
958:
957:
954:
953:
952:
944:
943:
940:
939:
931:
930:
927:
926:
925:
917:
916:
913:
912:
909:
907:
906:
898:
897:
894:
893:
885:
884:
881:
879:
875:
874:
873:Metacheiromys
866:
865:
862:
861:
858:
857:
856:
848:
847:
841:
840:
834:
833:
827:
826:
820:
819:
813:
812:
806:
805:
799:
798:
795:
794:
791:
790:
789:
780:
776:
775:
772:
771:
768:
767:
766:
758:
757:
750:
749:
748:Palaeanodonta
744:
743:
740:
739:
736:
734:
730:
727:
726:sensu stricto
722:
715:
714:
707:
706:
701:
700:
697:
696:
693:
691:
687:
686:
685:Pan-Carnivora
679:
678:
671:
670:
665:
664:
660:
654:
639:
635:
634:
630:
629:
624:
617:
613:
612:
608:
607:
602:
595:
591:
590:
586:
585:
584:Epoicotherium
580:
579:
578:
576:
572:
571:Epoicotherium
568:(unranked): β
567:
559:
558:Tetrapassalus
555:
549:
548:Tetrapassalus
545:
540:
536:
531:
527:
526:
522:
521:
520:Tetrapassalus
516:
509:
505:
502:(Gazin, 1952)
500:
496:
495:
493:(Gazin, 1952)
491:
490:
489:Pentapassalus
485:
484:
480:
479:
474:
467:
463:
462:
458:
457:
452:
445:
441:
440:
436:
435:
430:
423:
419:
418:
414:
413:
412:Auroratherium
408:
401:
397:
396:
392:
391:
386:
379:
375:
374:
370:
369:
368:Alocodontulum
364:
363:
359:
358:
353:
352:
348:
346:
344:
343:Palaeanodonta
340:
332:
327:
325:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
290:North America
287:
286:Palaeanodonta
283:
282:insectivorous
279:
276:
272:
263:
258:
254:Simpson, 1927
251:
250:
249:Epoicotherium
244:
241:
237:
232:
227:
221:
218:
217:
214:
213:Palaeanodonta
208:
205:
204:
201:
198:
195:
194:
191:
188:
185:
184:
181:
178:
175:
174:
171:
168:
165:
164:
159:
154:
150:
147:
146:
140:
136:
131:
126:
125:
118:
114:
109:
105:
101:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
44:
39:
33:
22:
19:
2654:
2619:
2613:Arcticanodon
2611:
2599:
2582:
2556:
2548:
2518:
2512:Brachianodon
2510:
2476:
2450:
2444:Asiabradypus
2442:
2408:
2402:Molaetherium
2400:
2392:
2380:
2376:
2362:
2354:
2320:
2312:
2304:
2296:
2288:
2273:paraphyletic
2266:
2228:
2214:
2201:
2176:Eurotamandua
2174:
2140:
2113:Superfamily:
2096:
2084:
2071:
2063:
2037:
2012:Superfamily:
1960:
1951:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1827:
1816:. Retrieved
1809:the original
1788:
1784:
1771:
1744:
1738:
1721:
1717:
1711:
1701:
1697:
1690:
1678:. Retrieved
1674:
1653:
1611:
1607:
1606:
1598:
1581:
1533:
1531:
1523:
1496:
1494:
1437:
1435:
1429:Molaetherium
1427:
1414:
1412:
1404:
1375:
1373:
1365:
1319:
1317:
1302:
1298:
1296:
1282:
1280:
1266:
1264:
1249:
1232:
1205:
1203:
1195:
1168:
1166:
1158:
1145:
1143:
1135:
1122:
1120:
1112:
1090:
1088:
1074:
1072:
1057:
1037:Arcticanodon
1035:
1033:
1027:
1003:
1001:
976:
974:
951:Brachianodon
949:
947:
922:
920:
903:
901:
871:
869:
853:
851:
786:
784:
778:
763:
761:
746:
725:
720:
718:
703:
683:
682:
667:
658:
637:
626:
615:
606:Molaetherium
604:
593:
582:
574:
570:
569:
557:
552:(Rose, 1978)
547:
542:(West, 1973)
538:
529:
518:
507:
498:
487:
476:
475:Subfamily: β
465:
454:
447:(Rose, 1991)
443:
438:(Rose, 1991)
432:
421:
410:
403:(Rose, 1978)
399:
394:(Rose, 1978)
388:
381:(Rose, 1977)
377:
372:(Rose, 1978)
366:
356:
355:
336:
318:golden moles
278:paraphyletic
270:
269:
247:
225:
143:
122:
18:
2558:Palaeanodon
2478:Escavadodon
2410:Xenocranium
2381:Xenocranium
2073:Patriomanis
2065:Cryptomanis
2002:Eupholidota
1704:(Mammalia)"
1702:Xenocranium
1680:17 December
1612:Xenocranium
1367:Xenocranium
924:Palaeanodon
628:Xenocranium
575:Xenocranium
2740:Categories
2621:Melaniella
2569:Subfamily:
2531:Subfamily:
2333:Subfamily:
2314:Dipassalus
2298:Amelotabes
2117:Eomanoidea
2098:Necromanis
1818:2020-08-28
1646:References
1525:Amelotabes
1303:AMNH 10215
1197:Dipassalus
788:Melaniella
434:Dipassalus
390:Amelotabes
280:family of
240:Type genus
2520:Mylanodon
2452:Ernanodon
2322:Tubulodon
2203:Euromanis
2131:Eomanidae
1999:Suborder:
1989:Pholidota
1933:Kingdom:
1858:0272-4634
1834:Ernanodon
1582:Pholidota
1160:Tubulodon
978:Mylanodon
721:Pholidota
456:Tubulodon
354:Family: β
310:fossorial
306:Oligocene
304:to early
302:Paleocene
176:Kingdom:
170:Eukaryota
142:skull of
104:Oligocene
100:Paleocene
2670:Q4179279
2664:Wikidata
2229:BC 16β08
2015:Manoidea
1947:Mammalia
1941:Chordata
1939:Phylum:
1935:Animalia
1866:86059673
1629:See also
625:Genus: β
603:Genus: β
581:Genus: β
517:Genus: β
486:Genus: β
453:Genus: β
431:Genus: β
409:Genus: β
387:Genus: β
365:Genus: β
333:Taxonomy
219:Family:
200:Mammalia
190:Chordata
186:Phylum:
180:Animalia
166:Domain:
102:- early
2710:4945116
2684:3239938
2489:Family:
2463:Family:
2429:Family:
2275:family)
2263:Family:
2161:Family:
2142:Eomanis
2127:Family:
2050:Family:
2039:Manidae
2028:Manidae
2025:Family:
1945:Class:
1805:1773698
1730:1303970
1528:
1522: β
1432:
1426: β
1409:
1403: β
1370:
1364: β
1301:sp. A (
1254:
1248: β
1200:
1194: β
1163:
1157: β
1140:
1134: β
1117:
1111: β
1062:
1056: β
1030:
908:
781:
751:
745: β
708:
672:
550:sp. A
339:Simpson
314:talpids
275:extinct
260:Genera
231:Simpson
206:Order:
196:Class:
2697:102275
2249:Order:
1986:Order:
1864:
1856:
1803:
1759:
1728:
1586:
1578:
1322:sp. B
1026:
777:
702:
666:
560:sp. B
298:Europe
233:, 1927
2723:43669
2692:IRMNG
2384:clade
2187:other
1961:Clade
1956:Ferae
1952:Clade
1862:S2CID
1812:(PDF)
1801:S2CID
1781:(PDF)
1726:JSTOR
1614:clade
669:Ferae
577:clade
98:late
2679:GBIF
1854:ISSN
1757:ISBN
1700:and
1682:2021
320:and
296:and
294:Asia
38:Preκ
1846:doi
1793:doi
1749:doi
2742::
2720::
2707::
2694::
2681::
2666::
1963::
1954::
1860:.
1852:.
1842:32
1840:.
1799:.
1789:16
1787:.
1783:.
1755:.
1722:52
1720:.
1673:.
1662:^
1305:)
316:,
292:,
88:Pg
32:Ma
2618:β
2610:β
2581:β
2571:β
2555:β
2547:β
2533:β
2517:β
2509:β
2491:β
2475:β
2465:β
2449:β
2441:β
2431:β
2407:β
2399:β
2391:β
2379:/
2375:β
2361:β
2353:β
2335:β
2319:β
2311:β
2303:β
2295:β
2287:β
2271:(
2265:β
2251:β
2231:)
2225:β
2200:β
2173:β
2163:β
2139:β
2129:β
2115:β
2095:β
2070:β
2062:β
2052:β
1914:e
1907:t
1900:v
1868:.
1848::
1821:.
1795::
1765:.
1751::
1732:.
1684:.
1610:/
1605:β
1597:β
1584:)
1580:(
1532:β
1495:β
1436:β
1413:β
1374:β
1318:β
1297:β
1281:β
1265:β
1231:β
1204:β
1167:β
1144:β
1121:β
1089:β
1073:β
1034:β
1028:?
1002:β
975:β
948:β
921:β
902:β
870:β
852:β
785:β
779:?
762:β
728:)
724:(
636:β
614:β
592:β
573:/
556:β
546:β
537:β
528:β
506:β
497:β
464:β
442:β
420:β
398:β
376:β
246:β
223:β
210:β
93:N
83:K
78:J
73:T
68:P
63:C
58:D
53:S
48:O
43:κ
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
