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The signs shown depend on the horse's age, the strain of the infecting virus, the condition of the horse and the route by which it was infected. Most horses with EVA infection do not show any signs; if a horse does show signs, these can vary greatly in severity. Following infection, the first sign is
346:, however in laboratory tests it is not possible to distinguish between antibodies produced as a result of vaccination and those produced in response to infection with the virus. Management also plays an important part in the prevention of EVA.
370:
in 1953. The first outbreak of EVA in the UK was in 1993. The outbreak affected six premises and around 100 horses were infected. Further spread of the virus was prevented by movement restrictions.
207:
subfamily. The virus which causes EVA was first isolated in 1953, but the disease has afflicted equine animals worldwide for centuries. It has been more common in some breeds of horses in the
315:
Because of the variability of symptoms, diagnosis is by laboratory testing. Blood samples, nasal swabs and semen can be used for isolation of the virus, detection of the viral RNA by
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379:
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te
Velthuis, Aartjan J. W.; van den Worm, Sjoerd H. E.; Sims, Amy C.; Baric, Ralph S.; Snijder, Eric J.; van Hemert, Martijn J.; Andino, Raul (4 November 2010).
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694:"Zn2+ Inhibits Coronavirus and Arterivirus RNA Polymerase Activity In Vitro and Zinc Ionophores Block the Replication of These Viruses in Cell Culture"
1016:
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285:
480:
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Wood JL, Chirnside ED, Mumford JA, Higgins AJ (April 1995). "First recorded outbreak of equine viral arteritis in the United
Kingdom".
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512:
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The virus causing EVA was first identified following an outbreak of respiratory disease and spontaneous abortion on a horse farm in
303:
route. Virions can also be shed into the semen, and the disease has been spread by artificial insemination. Stallions may become
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abdomen) which may extend to the udder in mares or the scrotum of male horses. More unusual signs include
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481:"Defra, UK - Disease surveillance and control - Notifiable diseases - Equine Viral Arteritis"
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in pregnant mares, and, most likely in foals, severe respiratory distress and death.
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Infectious diseases of the horse diagnosis, pathology, management and public health
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genome. As well as equine arteritis virus the
Arterivirus family includes
1055:
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503:
van der Kolk, JH; Veldhuis Kroeze, EJB (2013). "Equine arteritis virus".
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268:
called equine arteritis virus (EAV). Arteriviruses are small, enveloped,
233:
232:, peaking at 41 °C (106 °F), followed by various signs such as
1021:
339:
343:
816:
621:
Maclachlan, NJ; Dubovi, EJ, eds. (2010). "Equine arteritis virus".
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Sellon, DC; Long, M (2013). "Chapter 15: Equine viral arteritis".
327:
241:
229:
57:
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820:
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212:
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Balasuriya, UB (December 2014). "Equine viral arteritis".
185:) is a disease of horses caused by a virus of the species
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The
Veterinary Clinics of North America. Equine Practice
358:
show antiviral activity against Equine viral arteritis.
568:"Equine viral vaccines: the past, present and future"
248:, and swelling of the limbs and under the belly (the
1045:
978:
883:
829:
806:
Equine Viral
Arteritis (EVA) - A Manageable Problem
507:. London: Manson Publishing Ltd. pp. 144–147.
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porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus
809:is available for free viewing and download at the
625:(5th ed.). Academic Press. pp. 467–471.
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380:Equine arteritis virus leader TRS hairpin (LTH)
785:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of August 2024 (
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566:Minke, JM; Audonnet, JC; Fischer, L (2004).
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211:, but there is no breed "immunity". In the
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657:(2nd ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences.
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299:of the virus. The most frequent is the
240:), swelling over the eye (supraorbital
195:. It is the only species in the genus
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417:"Equine Viral Arteritis: Introduction"
286:lactate dehydrogenase elevating virus
7:
201:, and that is the only genus in the
219:. There is no known human hazard.
25:
450:Animal Viruses: Molecular Biology
444:Balasuriya & Snijder (2008).
276:core containing a positive-sense
599:
295:There are a number of routes of
44:
290:simian haemorrhagic fever virus
236:, nasal discharge, "pink eye" (
1:
711:10.1371/journal.ppat.1001176
623:Fenner's Veterinary Virology
421:The Merck Veterinary Manual
342:is available in the UK and
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655:Equine infectious diseases
545:10.1016/j.cveq.2014.08.011
452:. Caister Academic Press.
320:polymerase chain reaction
39:
32:
759:(inactive 2024-08-16).
915:Equine arteritis virus
885:Equine arteritis virus
831:Alphaarterivirus equid
585:10.1051/vetres:2004019
188:Alphaarterivirus equid
179:Equine viral arteritis
169:Alphaarterivirus equid
34:Alphaarterivirus equid
18:Equine arteritis virus
1117:Animal viral diseases
757:10.1136/vr.136.15.381
679:"Animal Health Trust"
317:reverse transcriptase
264:EVA is caused by an
254:spontaneous abortion
41:Virus classification
572:Veterinary Research
288:(LDV) of mice and
217:notifiable disease
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823:Taxon identifiers
459:978-1-904455-22-6
322:and detection of
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16:(Redirected from
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483:. Archived from
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204:Equarterivirinae
198:Alphaarterivirus
156:Alphaarterivirus
144:Equarterivirinae
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27:Species of virus
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54:(unranked):
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909:Wikispecies
301:respiratory
274:icosahedral
266:arterivirus
139:Subfamily:
120:Nidovirales
1106:Categories
427:2007-06-25
396:References
356:ionophores
334:Prevention
324:antibodies
215:, it is a
1062:Q57751690
995:Q57753807
900:Q18844364
846:Q57758308
390:Ionophore
311:Diagnosis
284:(PRRSV),
246:urticaria
193:RNA virus
163:Species:
79:Kingdom:
72:Riboviria
1056:Wikidata
1022:10733485
989:Wikidata
942:11459758
894:Wikidata
840:Wikidata
745:Vet. Rec
730:21079686
594:15236675
553:25441113
385:Virology
374:See also
350:Research
305:carriers
292:(SHFV).
272:with an
234:lethargy
127:Family:
91:Phylum:
1089:2499604
1035:2499610
873:2499620
773:6648131
765:7604517
721:2973827
362:History
340:vaccine
330:tests.
250:ventral
151:Genus:
115:Order:
103:Class:
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423:. 2006
344:Europe
1076:7NLR9
1009:6295Q
968:11047
955:96112
937:IRMNG
769:S2CID
354:Zinc
328:ELISA
260:Cause
242:edema
230:fever
223:Signs
191:, an
65:Realm
58:Virus
1084:NCBI
1030:NCBI
1017:GBIF
963:NCBI
868:NCBI
860:C62N
787:link
761:PMID
726:PMID
659:ISBN
627:ISBN
590:PMID
549:PMID
509:ISBN
454:ISBN
368:Ohio
1071:CoL
1004:CoL
950:ISC
924:EoL
855:CoL
753:doi
749:136
716:PMC
706:doi
580:doi
541:doi
326:by
278:RNA
244:),
183:EVA
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
