248:
28:
393:. Margaretha and Ana Marija attempted to flee Lithuania after the war, but were stopped by the Soviet police. They changed their names to Elena and Ona in an attempt to hide their German descent and returned to KlaipÄda. BirutÄ Neringa was
699:
384:
In 1911, Simonaitis married
Margaretha Plaumann, a German woman. They had four children: daughters Ana Marija and BirutÄ Neringa and sons Vitold-Vytautas and George-Jurgis. Vitoldas-Vytautas was mobilized into the
308:
declared that the old
Directorate was dissolved and authorized Simonaitis to form a new Directorate within three days. The rebel's petition to unite with Lithuania was approved by the
674:
394:
645:
610:
369:
694:
320:
was signed in May 1924, formalizing the incorporation of the region into
Lithuania, Simonaitis became chairman of the Directorate (JanuaryāNovember 1926), governor of
153:
of 1923, he headed the pro-Lithuanian government of the region. For his anti-German activities, he was persecuted by the Nazis during World War II. He survived the
684:
166:
126:
278:, Simonaitis and Mikelis Reidys, were admitted to the Directorate increasing its size to nine members. Simonaitis resigned in February 1922. He lobbied the
345:
467:
271:
421:
305:
397:
as a translator. She met her father at Dachau, but returned to
Lithuania in 1948. His remains were reburied in KlaipÄda cemetery in 1991.
353:
154:
337:
185:) and worked as a court clerk. He became a Lithuanian activist in 1909. In 1912, he was co-founder of the Lithuanian Club of Tilsit (
679:
625:
590:
542:
517:
492:
365:
214:
194:
182:
162:
122:
689:
373:
357:
283:
158:
274:(local government) in February 1920. Initially all of its members were German. After Lithuanian protests, two
340:
demanding to cede the KlaipÄda Region. Lithuania accepted and
Simonaitis, fearing Nazi persecution, moved to
251:
304:. Simonaitis agreed to head the government, which would be installed by the rebels. On 9 January 1923, the
317:
161:. After the war he remained in Germany and rejoined various Lithuanian organizations. He was awarded the
313:
462:(in Lithuanian). Vol. 4. Vilnius: Mokslo ir enciklopedijų leidybos institutas. pp. 246ā249.
247:
669:
664:
275:
270:
and placed under provisional French administration. French
General Dominique Joseph Odry established
259:
210:
390:
291:
218:
186:
138:
108:
487:(in Lithuanian). Vol. 2. Vilnius: Mokslo ir enciklopedijų leidybos institutas. p. 173.
295:
263:
242:
150:
142:
324:(1924ā1926) and KlaipÄda Counties (1930ā1934), and mayor of KlaipÄda (July 1934 ā April 1935).
637:
602:
571:
548:
538:
513:
488:
463:
429:
279:
52:
290:. However, others thought that the region should be turned into a free city, similar to the
537:. Translated by Algirdas Budreckis (6th ed.). New York: Manyland Books. p. 208.
658:
300:
267:
226:
67:
361:
333:
309:
89:
63:
27:
321:
178:
570:(in Lithuanian). Vol. II. Chicago: Dr. Kazio Griniaus Fondas. p. 780.
230:
202:
213:. After returning to Tilsit in 1918, he participated in the activities of the
198:
193:), which he chaired for two years. In 1915, Simonaitis was mobilized into the
118:
57:
641:
606:
433:
386:
287:
146:
575:
364:, returning to Prussian Lithuanian activism. He chaired the re-established
510:
Lithuania in
European Politics: The Years of the First Republic, 1918-1940
85:
458:
Gocentas, Vytautas; Žemaitis, Algirdas (2009). "Simonaitis, Erdmonas".
349:
316:, Simonaitis was dismissed and replaced by Viktoras Gailius. After the
206:
341:
246:
552:
512:(Paperback ed.). New York: St. Martin's Press. p. 90.
508:
Eidintas, Alfonsas; Žalys, Vytautas; Senn, Alfred Erich (1999).
294:. Therefore, the Lithuanian government decided to organize the
209:
where he became acquainted with
Lithuanian politicians and the
700:
Recipients of the Order of the
Lithuanian Grand Duke Gediminas
356:
in
November 1942. In April 1945, he was liberated from the
229:
but Simonaitis did not sign it. In 1919 he moved to Memel (
483:
Gliožaitis, Algirdas Antanas (2003). "KlaipÄdos kraÅ”tas".
312:(parliament of Lithuania) on 14 January. To appease the
306:
Supreme Committee for the Salvation of Lithuania Minor
201:
for his military service in France and Galicia. After
372:, and was vice-chairman of the German chapter of the
368:
until his death, represented Lithuania Minor at the
114:
104:
96:
74:
37:
18:
370:Supreme Committee for the Liberation of Lithuania
177:Simonaitis received his education in Heydekrug (
145:(Memel Territory) and advocating its union with
422:"SukilÄlių vado dukra neiÅ”sižadÄjo KlaipÄdos"
254:in 1923. Simonaitis is sitting in the center.
8:
167:Order of the Lithuanian Grand Duke Gediminas
127:Order of the Lithuanian Grand Duke Gediminas
626:"KlaipÄdos akvarelÄs: namai ir žmonÄs (77)"
591:"KlaipÄdos akvarelÄs: namai ir žmonÄs (76)"
137:(30 October 1888 ā 24 February 1969) was a
298:, take the region by force, and present a
26:
15:
348:in June 1941, Simonaitis was arrested by
675:People from Å ilutÄ District Municipality
266:(Memel Territory) was detached from the
695:Mauthausen concentration camp survivors
405:
346:occupation of Lithuania by Nazi Germany
453:
451:
449:
447:
445:
443:
415:
413:
411:
409:
7:
141:activist particularly active in the
685:Recipients of the Iron Cross (1914)
366:National Council of Lithuania Minor
354:Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp
215:National Council of Lithuania Minor
286:to unite the KlaipÄda region with
14:
648:from the original on 2011-07-21.
613:from the original on 2011-07-21.
223:Mažosios Lietuvos tautinÄ taryba
624:JuodytÄ, Gražina (2008-11-17).
589:JuodytÄ, Gražina (2008-11-10).
568:Naujųjų laikų Lietuvos istorija
533:Gerutis, Albertas, ed. (1984).
485:Mažosios Lietuvos enciklopedija
460:Mažosios Lietuvos enciklopedija
360:. After the war he remained in
1:
420:ŽiemytÄ, Ivona (2006-01-14).
395:forcefully taken to Germany
338:oral ultimatum to Lithuania
163:Order of Vytautas the Great
123:Order of Vytautas the Great
716:
380:Personal life and children
374:Lithuanian World Community
240:
159:Dachau concentration camps
358:Dachau concentration camp
284:Conference of Ambassadors
25:
680:People from East Prussia
566:ÄepÄnas, Pranas (1986).
389:and died in 1941 in the
272:seven-member Directorate
205:, he briefly worked in
328:World War II and after
255:
222:
191:TilžÄs lietuvių klubas
190:
250:
225:), which adopted the
197:. He was awarded the
535:Lithuania: 700 Years
276:Prussian Lithuanians
260:Treaty of Versailles
252:KlaipÄda Directorate
211:Council of Lithuania
149:. During the staged
391:Battle of Leningrad
318:KlaipÄda Convention
292:Free City of Danzig
139:Prussian Lithuanian
135:Erdmonas Simonaitis
109:Prussian Lithuanian
32:Simonaitis in 1930s
20:Erdmonas Simonaitis
256:
632:(in Lithuanian).
597:(in Lithuanian).
469:978-5-420-01470-7
428:(in Lithuanian).
280:League of Nations
258:According to the
132:
131:
100:KlaipÄda cemetery
51:Juschka-Spƶtzen (
707:
650:
649:
630:Vakarų ekspresas
621:
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595:Vakarų ekspresas
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530:
524:
523:
505:
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480:
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438:
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426:Vakarų ekspresas
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352:and sent to the
155:Mauthausen-Gusen
81:
78:24 February 1969
61:
47:
45:
30:
16:
715:
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690:KlaipÄda Region
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332:In March 1939,
330:
296:KlaipÄda Revolt
264:KlaipÄda Region
245:
243:KlaipÄda Revolt
239:
237:KlaipÄda Region
175:
151:KlaipÄda Revolt
143:KlaipÄda Region
125:
121:
92:
83:
79:
70:
55:
49:
48:30 October 1888
43:
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11:
5:
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181:) and Tilsit (
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84:
82:(aged 80)
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50:
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10:
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494:5-420-01470-X
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336:presented an
335:
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311:
307:
303:
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301:fait accompli
297:
293:
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268:German Empire
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227:Act of Tilsit
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97:Resting place
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68:German Empire
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425:
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362:West Germany
344:. After the
334:Nazi Germany
331:
310:First Seimas
299:
257:
176:
134:
133:
90:West Germany
80:(1969-02-24)
64:East Prussia
670:1969 deaths
665:1888 births
203:World War I
195:German Army
105:Nationality
56: [
659:Categories
401:References
241:See also:
219:Lithuanian
199:Iron Cross
187:Lithuanian
173:Early life
119:Iron Cross
44:1888-10-30
642:1392-7590
607:1392-7590
434:1392-7590
387:Wehrmacht
288:Lithuania
147:Lithuania
646:Archived
636:(5024).
611:Archived
601:(5018).
553:75-80057
282:and the
231:KlaipÄda
86:Weinheim
53:SpieÄiai
576:3220435
350:Gestapo
207:Vilnius
183:Sovetsk
640:
605:
574:
551:
541:
516:
491:
466:
432:
342:Kaunas
322:Å ilutÄ
314:Allies
262:, the
179:Å ilutÄ
115:Awards
60:]
638:ISSN
603:ISSN
572:OCLC
549:LCCN
539:ISBN
514:ISBN
489:ISBN
464:ISBN
430:ISSN
165:and
157:and
75:Died
38:Born
634:262
599:256
233:).
62:),
661::
644:.
628:.
609:.
593:.
547:.
442:^
424:.
408:^
376:.
221::
189::
169:.
88:,
66:,
58:lt
578:.
555:.
522:.
497:.
472:.
436:.
217:(
46:)
42:(
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