489:("that's enough for today") – was also the title of a controversial book about the massacre written by Ines Geipel, who alleged that there were several mistakes made by the police on the case. Geipel, and relatives of some of the victims, criticized police for the initial speed of their response. The police had initially believed there was a second gunman, leading them to retake the school one level at a time rather than storm the entire building. Police laws and police training were reformed in most federal states in response to the shooting. While police patrols were previously required to wait for a special task force, policemen all over Germany now get the necessary training and equipment to deal directly with mass shooters.
482:, about one hundred of whom were still under treatment for one year after the shooting. 10 years after the killing spree, there were still six witnesses in psychological therapy, including four who had initially rejected a follow-up program. These adolescents had "time-delayed disturbances such as memory gaps and extreme avoidance behavior". The Thuringian Accident Insurance Fund as payers has so far taken over childcare costs for the victims in the amount of about 5.6 million Euros, including about 2.2 million Euros as pension payments, for example, for survivors' pensions.
391:
370:, which was unusable due to an earlier handling error, and a diving knife. Steinhäuser probably entered the school unmasked at 10:45, carrying his weapons and ammunition in his sports bag or backpack. As Steinhäuser was in the hallway, he encountered the building's caretaker, and briefly talked with him. He asked whether or not Ms. Alt, the principal, was in the building. He went into the men's toilet on the ground floor and changed some of his clothes, including a black face mask. He left his coat, wallet and identification.
88:
374:
went to check the noise, Steinhäuser had already left the room. Upon discovering the bodies, she locked herself in her office and alerted the emergency services. Steinhäuser moved from classroom to classroom, pausing briefly each time in the doorway to shoot a teacher, then moving on to the next room. At 11:05 am, a janitor called the police. At 11:12 am, the first police car arrived at the school. Steinhäuser opened fire on the police, fatally shooting one of the policemen.
55:
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eyes. Steinhäuser is then said to have lowered his weapon and to have replied: "Herr Heise, für heute reichts." According to Heise, he used this opportunity to push Steinhäuser into the art material room to lock him up there together with his gun. Steinhäuser then shot himself, his body being found by police a few hours later.
492:
Heise was hailed as a national hero for locking Steinhäuser in a room, which ended the killing spree, but was later subject to backlash from some members of the public due to questions about his role. Erfurt Mayor
Manfred Ruge said he fully believes Heise, but acknowledged the teacher's rather direct
377:
In front of the art material room 111 Steinhäuser met the history and arts teacher Rainer Heise. In later interviews Heise gave conflicting versions of the event, claiming that either he himself or Steinhäuser had removed his mask, after which he told Steinhäuser to shoot him while looking him in the
402:
In 2004, after repeated public criticisms of the police response to the shooting, the state government of
Thuringia tasked a committee to release a final report on the shooting. The state government of Thuringia reprimanded the principal of the school for the expulsion of Steinhäuser, saying she had
373:
The shooting started shortly before 10:58 am. From the toilet, Steinhäuser went to the school office. There he shot the deputy school principal and the secretary. In the next room was the headmistress, but Steinhäuser did not enter the room despite the door being unlocked. When the headmistress
419:
The shooting also led to public discussions on the effect of violence in media and its effect on the youth, especially in relation to computer games of the first-person shooter genre, so-called killer games and dealing with fictional violence in other media. According to the report of the
Gutenberg
415:
therefore did not have a school certificate, which left them with limited job prospects. In response to the shooting, a law was enacted that would give high school students the option to take an exam at the end of the 10th Grade at their own request. Since 2004, this exam has been mandatory for all
328:
Robert Steinhäuser (22 January 1983 – 26 April 2002) was a student of the
Gutenberg Gymnasium until early October 2001. He had previously threatened a teacher. His academic performance declined in 1999, leading him to drop out of the year shortly before the final exam. He was allowed to repeat the
469:
In addition to the reform of the
Protection of Young Persons Act, gun laws were tightened. The legal minimum age for those who wanted to join a shooting club was raised from 18 to 21 years and anyone under 25 years wishing to handle firearms was now required to undergo a medical-psychological
406:
Likewise, the
Thuringian education law was caught in the crossfire of criticism. Since Steinhäuser was already an adult, the school administration was not required to inform his parents about their son's expulsion from school. In contrast to most other German states at this time, the state of
381:
From the first shot to Steinhäuser's suicide the spree lasted no more than 20 minutes. One and a half hours later, Steinhäuser's body was found by a special police detachment (SEK) in Room 111. The gunman had killed 16 people: the school's assistant principal, secretary, ten teachers, one
339:
Steinhäuser did not tell his parents he had been expelled, and pretended he was still attending school. The day of the shooting he told his parents he was going to school to take a maths exam. The investigation revealed that Steinhäuser had been using the
Internet to research the
398:
Steinhäuser's family issued a statement to news sources saying that they "will forever be sorry that our son and brother has brought such horrifying suffering to the victims and their relatives, the people of Erfurt and
Thuringia, and all over Germany."
336:. Because of this forgery, Steinhäuser was expelled by the principal. Due to the regulations used in Thuringia at the time, Steinhäuser, on expulsion, was without any qualifications and therefore had very limited job opportunities.
320:. One person was also wounded by a bullet fragment. According to students, he ignored them and aimed only for the teachers and administrators, although two students were unintentionally killed by shots fired through a locked door.
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overstepped her legal powers and violated the rules of the procedure. There were no further legal consequences for the principal and she remains in charge of the school as of 2017.
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trainee-teacher, two students, and one police officer. In total one third of the school's faculty were killed, and two students were shot by rounds fired through a locked door.
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The massacre led to the development of a code word that could be broadcast over the public address system to warn teachers of a shooting. "Mrs. Koma is coming", which is "
1233:
1232:
Oksanen, Atte (2013). "Jokela: The Social Roots of a School
Shooting Tragedy in Finland". In Böckler, Nils; Seeger, Thorsten; Sitzer, Peter; Heitmeye, Wilhelm (eds.).
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At the end of
September 2001, he had spent a few days away from school, for which he presented a mandatory medical certificate which was quickly identified as a
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examination. Pump-action firearms were banned altogether. Furthermore, the retention requirements for firearms and ammunition were significantly tightened.
316:. 19-year-old expelled student Robert Steinhäuser shot and killed 16 people, including 13 staff members, two students, and one policeman before committing
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11th year at the request of his parents, approved by the principal. He joined a gun club in October 2000 and acquired a gun license.
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On the day of the shooting, before leaving his residence at his usual time, Steinhäuser armed himself with a
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Steinhäuser was mentioned in a video created by Pekka-Eric Auvinen, who killed eight people during the
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and animated style combined with the vast media coverage had caused resentment in the town.
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1086:[15 years after the school massacre: What has changed since the Erfurt rampage].
936:"Lehrer berichtet über das Zusammentreffen mit dem Täter: "Robert, hast du geschossen?""
408:
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1054:[15 years later: Gutenberg High School in Erfurt: What the rampage changed].
224:
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635:
497:
360:
250:
1235:
School Shootings: International Research, Case Studies and Concepts for Prevention
37:
938:[Teacher reports encounter with the offender: "Robert, did you shoot?"].
1052:"15 Jahre danach: Gutenberg-Gymnasium in Erfurt: Was der Amoklauf verändert hat"
805:
555:
228:
1084:"15 Jahre nach dem Schulmassaker: Was seit dem Amoklauf von Erfurt anders ist"
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885:
712:
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Amok an Schulen: Prävention, Intervention und Nachsorge bei School Shootings
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Amok at Schools: Prevention, Intervention and Aftercare in School Shootings
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1205:"Teenage killer wrote letter to parents saying he 'couldn't go on'"
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21:"Erfurt massacre" redirects here. For the 1349 massacre, see
411:
at the end of the 10th Grade. Students who did not pass the
478:
After the rampage, around 700 students were diagnosed with
672:[Rampage in Erfurt: Who was Robert Steinhäuser?].
466:
and helped to strengthen the rules for these legal areas.
836:[Report from the Gutenberg-Gymnasium Commission]
1146:[Did the Erfurt spree killer have a "driver"?].
456:. Steinhäuser was apparently not interested in the game
420:
Commission, Steinhäuser had some violent movies such as
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741:"How a school shooting 15 years ago changed Germany"
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803:[Misfire prevents even greater bloodbath].
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30:
1144:"Hatte der Erfurter Amokläufer einen "Antreiber"?"
670:"Amoklauf in Erfurt: Wer war Robert Steinhäuser?"
394:A memorial plaque for the victims of the shooting
801:"Ladehemmung verhinderte noch größeres Blutbad"
344:, and had related files saved on his computer.
1114:[Millions for spree killing victims].
1546:Columbine High School massacre copycat crimes
1305:
8:
1631:Attacks on buildings and structures in 2002
1435:Winnenden and Wendlingen, Baden-WĂĽrttemberg
1077:
1075:
500:" spelled backwards, was later used at the
195:10:58 a.m. – c. 11:17 a.m. (
1312:
1298:
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834:Bericht der Kommission Gutenberg-Gymnasium
631:"How teacher stopped the school slaughter"
521:List of rampage killers (school massacres)
407:Thuringia did not automatically award the
36:
27:
663:
661:
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581:
579:
1344:MĂĽhlhausen an der Enz, Baden-WĂĽrttemberg
872:"Killer's secret behind revenge attack"
547:
16:2002 school shooting in Erfurt, Germany
1626:Mass shootings involving Glock pistols
906:Brinkemper, Peter V. (29 April 2002).
668:Rudolph, Annekathrin (26 April 2012).
304:that occurred on 26 April 2002 at the
7:
1606:School shootings committed by pupils
1020:"Family of German killer apologises"
766:Böhmer, Matthias (5 December 2018).
697:Andrews, Edmund L. (27 April 2002).
1581:21st-century mass murder in Germany
1082:Sierpinski, Diana (26 April 2017).
964:"Brave teacher stopped gun rampage"
699:"Shooting Rampage at German School"
589:"Gunman hid expulsion from parents"
1392:Euskirchen, North Rhine-Westphalia
1124:from the original on 4 August 2019
601:from the original on 30 April 2002
504:to alert teachers to that attack.
14:
1429:Emsdetten, North Rhine-Westphalia
416:Thuringian high school students.
1277:
1172:"German hero faces town's wrath"
799:Gebauer, Matthias (2 May 2002).
93:
86:
60:
53:
1374:Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia
1203:Davies, Lizzy (12 March 2009).
910:[Look me in the eyes].
844:. 19 April 2004. Archived from
464:Protection of Young Persons Act
207:Teachers and administrators at
1621:Suicides by firearm in Germany
1561:High school killings in Europe
870:Hooper, John (29 April 2002).
774:] (in German). Wiesbaden:
629:Hooper, John (28 April 2002).
480:post-traumatic stress disorder
342:Columbine High School massacre
266:17 (including the perpetrator)
94:
61:
1:
1511:2002 mass shootings in Europe
1483:Heidelberg, Baden-WĂĽrttemberg
1471:Rot am See, Baden-WĂĽrttemberg
1180:. 16 May 2002. Archived from
991:Sharma, Yojana (3 May 2002).
556:"Eyewitness: Erfurt massacre"
438:, as well as the video games
192:
1556:Deaths by firearm in Germany
1541:April 2002 events in Germany
1362:Fahrdorf, Schleswig-Holstein
1028:. 2 May 2002. Archived from
441:Return to Castle Wolfenstein
123:
1611:School shootings in Germany
1459:Konstanz, Baden-WĂĽrttemberg
1120:(in German). 7 April 2012.
485:Steinhäuser's last words –
1649:
1616:Spree shootings in Germany
1601:School massacres in Europe
1596:School killings in Germany
1591:Murder–suicides in Germany
1441:Lörrach, Baden-Württemberg
1152:(in German). 21 April 2004
1112:"Millionen fĂĽr Amok-Opfer"
1060:(in German). 20 April 2017
993:"Massacre victims mourned"
944:(in German). 28 April 2002
20:
531:Emsdetten school shooting
526:Winnenden school shooting
502:Winnenden school shooting
409:middle school certificate
253:12 Gauge shotgun (unused)
47:
35:
1447:Frankfurt am Main, Hesse
1404:Bad Reichenhall, Bavaria
908:"Schau mir in die Augen"
308:, a secondary school in
1516:2002 murders in Germany
840:(Report) (in German).
509:Jokela school shooting
395:
23:Erfurt massacre (1349)
1566:High school shootings
536:Ansbach school attack
393:
256:Diving knife (unused)
77:Show map of Thuringia
1586:Massacres in Germany
1465:Halle, Saxony-Anhalt
1286:at Wikimedia Commons
290:Expulsion (possibly)
251:Mossberg 590 Mariner
1576:Mass murder in 2002
1398:Dillingen, Saarland
1284:Gutenberg-Gymnasium
1184:on 28 February 2004
842:Freistaat ThĂĽringen
447:Hitman: Codename 47
368:pump-action shotgun
306:Gutenberg-Gymnasium
209:Gutenberg-Gymnasium
171:50.9813°N 11.0147°E
167: /
124:Amoklauf von Erfurt
110:Show map of Germany
42:Gutenberg Gymnasium
1551:Crime in Thuringia
1531:2000s in Thuringia
1380:Nuremberg, Bavaria
1032:on 27 October 2007
704:The New York Times
487:FĂĽr heute reicht's
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282:Robert Steinhäuser
74:Erfurt (Thuringia)
1571:History of Erfurt
1536:April 2002 crimes
1498:
1497:
1423:Erfurt, Thuringia
1282:Media related to
1249:978-1-4614-5526-4
851:on 20 August 2014
785:978-3-658-22707-4
745:The Local Germany
597:. 28 April 2002.
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1443:(19 Sept. 2010)
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1368:Munich, Bavaria
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972:. 27 April 2002
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747:. 26 April 2017
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564:. 26 April 2002
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1485:(24 Jan. 2022)
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1461:(30 July 2017)
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1382:(24 June 1982)
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1364:(20 Apr. 1970)
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1358:(10 Feb. 1970)
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1352:(28 Mar. 1922)
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1341:
1340:(20 Jun. 1913)
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225:mass shooting
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1477:Hanau, Hesse
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1261:ResearchGate
1259:– via
1253:. Retrieved
1238:. New York:
1234:
1227:
1215:. Retrieved
1210:The Guardian
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1198:
1186:. Retrieved
1182:the original
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1126:. Retrieved
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1036:25 September
1034:. Retrieved
1030:the original
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998:TES Magazine
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566:. Retrieved
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361:Mossberg 590
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18:
1526:2002 deaths
1092:(in German)
916:(in German)
813:28 November
809:(in German)
806:Der Spiegel
678:(in German)
605:19 November
413:final exams
279:Perpetrator
229:mass murder
216:Attack type
174: /
149:Coordinates
1505:Categories
1323:in Germany
1255:11 October
542:References
423:Fight Club
324:Background
162:11°00′53″E
159:50°58′53″N
1188:3 October
1156:3 October
1004:3 October
913:Telepolis
886:0261-3077
713:0362-4331
645:0261-3077
453:Half-Life
435:Desperado
386:Reactions
245:Glock 17C
138:Thuringia
1240:Springer
1217:12 March
1213:. London
1128:4 August
1122:Archived
976:12 April
948:12 April
920:12 April
891:25 April
855:4 August
776:Springer
682:12 April
650:25 April
599:Archived
561:BBC News
515:See also
429:Predator
365:12-gauge
363:Mariner
357:Glock 17
348:Massacre
130:Location
1489:Hamburg
1416:century
1331:century
1096:9 April
1064:9 April
751:9 April
718:9 April
334:forgery
318:suicide
314:Germany
271:Injured
239:Weapons
142:Germany
1350:Berlin
1338:Bremen
1246:
884:
782:
711:
643:
474:Legacy
310:Erfurt
300:was a
287:Motive
263:Deaths
204:Target
134:Erfurt
101:Erfurt
68:Erfurt
1149:Stern
1117:FOCUS
849:(PDF)
838:(PDF)
770:[
359:C, a
1414:21st
1329:20th
1257:2022
1244:ISBN
1219:2009
1190:2017
1158:2017
1130:2019
1098:2021
1089:n-tv
1066:2021
1057:sh:z
1038:2008
1006:2017
978:2019
950:2019
922:2019
893:2013
882:ISSN
857:2019
815:2016
780:ISBN
753:2021
720:2021
709:ISSN
684:2019
652:2013
641:ISSN
607:2023
570:2008
498:amok
450:and
432:and
296:The
197:CEST
187:Date
1025:CNN
969:CNN
675:RTL
594:CNN
354:9mm
247:9mm
1507::
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