318:
1003:
106:
277:
In some species, adult females have two different forms, the protogyne and the deutogyne. Deutogynes normally resemble protogynes, but they can also show differences such as red colouration, different microtubercle structure, broader prodorsal shield, larger body size and dorsal annuli being more
334:
All of the
Eriophyoidea are parasites of plants. This is reflected in common names such as "blister mites", "bud mites", "gall mites" and "rust mites". The superfamily includes many important crop pests, some of which transmit plant diseases.
258:
Eriophyoids are no more than 0.5 mm long and usually 0.12 mm long or less. The body shape is usually long and wormlike (vermiform), but it can rarely be flattened or lobulate. At the front end of the body are the mouthparts, a pair of minute
338:
As previously mentioned, some eriophyoid species can produce two forms of females. The deutogyne form is more tolerant of adverse conditions than the protogyne form. This polymorphism mainly occurs in species on
224:
but these families were placed by J. W. Amrine and T. A. Stasny within larger groups. Today the following three families are believed to belong to superfamily
Eriophyoidea:
541:"Confocal microscopy reveals uniform male reproductive anatomy in eriophyoid mites (Acariformes, Eriophyoidea) including spermatophore pump and paired vasa deferentia"
457:
1309:
399:, they have been found to be an early diverging mite clade outside the clade containing Trombidiformes in recent morphological and genomic analyses.
1283:
741:
Arribas, Paula; Andújar, Carmelo; Moraza, María
Lourdes; Linard, Benjamin; Emerson, Brent C; Vogler, Alfried P (2020-03-01). Teeling, Emma (ed.).
434:
387:. The four genera were subsequently placed in a new extinct clade, the Triasacaroidea, which is the sister group to the extant Eriophyoidea.
594:
Schmidt, A. R.; Jancke, S.; Lindquist, E. E.; Ragazzi, E.; Roghi, G.; Nascimbene, P. C.; Schmidt, K.; Wappler, T.; Grimaldi, D. A. (2012).
263:
and two pairs of legs. The posterior part of the body is annulate, meaning it is covered in rings (annuli). The body and legs have some
710:"Morphological support for a clade comprising two vermiform mites lineages: Eriophyoidea (Acariformes) and Nematalycidae (Acariformes)"
216:
The taxonomy of this group has always been confused. There were families created for few or even one species, i.e. Ashieldophyidae
1378:
1345:
877:
743:"Mitochondrial Metagenomics Reveals the Ancient Origin and Phylodiversity of Soil Mites and Provides a Phylogeny of the Acari"
1288:
1296:
1182:
653:
Sidorchuk, Ekaterina A.; Schmidt, Alexander R.; Ragazzi, Eugenio; Roghi, Guido; Lindquist, Evert E. (February 2015).
1249:
1314:
294:(i.e. females producing male offspring without being fertilised). Fertilisation involves males depositing stalked
267:
but fewer than in other mites (i.e. setation is reduced). In terms of colour, eriophyoids are white to yellowish.
1262:
1337:
1373:
351:
The group is ancient. Forms with two pairs of legs, already similar to the modern ones, have been found in
1135:
287:
1322:
486:"DNA barcoding reveals the protogyne and deutogyne of Tegolophus celtis sp. nov. (Acari: Eriophyidae)"
1350:
1231:
666:
607:
244:
942:
870:
118:
113:
937:
654:
690:
576:
521:
127:
1327:
932:
927:
372:
1173:
317:
1218:
1114:
1106:
841:
823:
782:
774:
682:
635:
568:
560:
513:
505:
430:
384:
270:
Females have a genital flap posterior to the coxae of the second pair of legs, and they lack
1091:
831:
813:
764:
754:
721:
674:
625:
615:
552:
497:
378:
322:
278:
sclerotised. This may cause protogynes and deutogynes to be mistaken for different species.
1002:
800:
Bolton, Samuel J.; Chetverikov, Philipp E.; Ochoa, Ronald; Klimov, Pavel B. (2023-06-06).
708:
Bolton, Samuel; Chetverikov, Philipp; Klompen, Hans (2017-01-01). Zhang, Zhi-Qiang (ed.).
271:
836:
801:
742:
670:
611:
105:
1257:
1244:
1011:
988:
975:
952:
863:
630:
595:
396:
1367:
1086:
960:
580:
540:
525:
485:
295:
63:
1187:
694:
213:
lack the third and fourth pairs of legs, and the respiratory system is also absent.
1096:
1078:
1068:
1033:
1028:
922:
917:
1223:
678:
1301:
1270:
1167:
1038:
1020:
983:
965:
900:
484:
Guo, Jing-Feng; Li, Hao-Sen; Wang, Bing; Xue, Xiao-Feng; Hong, Xiao-Yue (2015).
366:
303:
291:
236:
228:
174:
38:
1158:
556:
501:
83:
48:
827:
778:
686:
564:
509:
1058:
909:
818:
759:
620:
340:
203:
150:
88:
845:
786:
639:
572:
517:
855:
1205:
1197:
1152:
1063:
426:
360:
352:
260:
162:
78:
73:
58:
53:
43:
769:
726:
709:
1210:
210:
93:
68:
32:
28:
1275:
298:
on a plant. Females capture spermatophores, crush them to extract the
655:"Plant-feeding mite diversity in Triassic amber (Acari: Tetrapodili)"
138:
1129:
355:
327:
316:
299:
1236:
1049:
891:
887:
264:
206:
1133:
859:
421:
Ewert E. Lindquist, M. W. Sabelis & Jan Bruin, ed. (1996).
802:"Where Eriophyoidea (Acariformes) Belong in the Tree of Life"
423:
Eriophyoid Mites: their
Biology, Natural Enemies, and Control
383:
which were specialised on extinct conifers of family
395:
While traditionally considered members of the clade
1142:
1105:
1077:
1047:
1019:
1010:
974:
951:
908:
899:
600:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
596:"Arthropods in amber from the Triassic Period"
871:
343:plants that experience well-defined winters.
8:
416:
414:
412:
1130:
1016:
905:
878:
864:
856:
104:
20:
835:
817:
768:
758:
725:
629:
619:
408:
309:Female eriophyoids lay spherical eggs.
7:
1263:4a95e537-171c-4713-8127-a4cc7ddade09
479:
477:
452:
450:
448:
446:
286:Eriophyoidea reproduce through both
274:. Males have reduced genital flaps.
659:Journal of Systematic Palaeontology
545:Experimental and Applied Acarology
490:Experimental and Applied Acarology
14:
425:. World Crop Pests. Vol. 6.
1001:
714:Systematic and Applied Acarology
539:Chetverikov, Philipp E. (2015).
747:Molecular Biology and Evolution
1:
679:10.1080/14772019.2013.867373
1395:
999:
557:10.1007/s10493-015-9924-1
502:10.1007/s10493-015-9953-9
458:"Eupodides, Eriophyoidea"
128:Scientific classification
126:
112:
103:
23:
1379:Arthropod superfamilies
819:10.3390/insects14060527
621:10.1073/pnas.1208464109
331:
288:internal fertilisation
1323:Paleobiology Database
760:10.1093/molbev/msz255
320:
209:. All post-embryonic
202:are a superfamily of
1258:Fauna Europaea (new)
218:Mohanasundaram, 1984
16:Superfamily of mites
727:10.11158/saa.22.8.2
671:2015JSPal..13..129S
612:2012PNAS..10914796S
606:(37): 14796–15501.
326:galls growing on a
220:and Pentasetacidae
119:Floracarus perrepae
114:Electron micrograph
332:
302:and store this in
122:attacking a plant
1361:
1360:
1136:Taxon identifiers
1127:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1107:Opilioacariformes
997:
996:
436:978-0-444-88628-6
385:Cheirolepidiaceae
249:
241:
233:
223:
219:
197:
196:
1386:
1354:
1353:
1341:
1340:
1331:
1330:
1318:
1317:
1305:
1304:
1302:NHMSYS0020190562
1292:
1291:
1279:
1278:
1266:
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1253:
1252:
1240:
1239:
1227:
1226:
1214:
1213:
1201:
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1190:
1178:
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1163:
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1005:
906:
880:
873:
866:
857:
850:
849:
839:
821:
797:
791:
790:
772:
762:
738:
732:
731:
729:
720:(8): 1096–1131.
705:
699:
698:
650:
644:
643:
633:
623:
591:
585:
584:
536:
530:
529:
481:
472:
471:
469:
468:
454:
441:
440:
418:
379:Cheirolepidoptus
323:Eriophyes tiliae
272:genital papillae
247:
239:
231:
222:Shevchenko, 1991
221:
217:
108:
98:
27:Temporal range:
21:
1394:
1393:
1389:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1384:
1383:
1364:
1363:
1362:
1357:
1349:
1344:
1336:
1334:
1326:
1321:
1313:
1308:
1300:
1295:
1287:
1282:
1274:
1269:
1261:
1256:
1248:
1243:
1235:
1230:
1222:
1217:
1209:
1204:
1196:
1194:
1186:
1181:
1172:
1171:
1166:
1157:
1156:
1151:
1138:
1128:
1119:
1101:
1073:
1069:Nuttalliellidae
1043:
1006:
993:
970:
947:
895:
884:
854:
853:
799:
798:
794:
740:
739:
735:
707:
706:
702:
652:
651:
647:
593:
592:
588:
538:
537:
533:
483:
482:
475:
466:
464:
456:
455:
444:
437:
420:
419:
410:
405:
393:
349:
315:
284:
256:
245:Diptilomiopidae
193:
190:
189:
177:
165:
153:
141:
99:
97:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
46:
41:
35:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1392:
1390:
1382:
1381:
1376:
1374:Sarcoptiformes
1366:
1365:
1359:
1358:
1356:
1355:
1342:
1332:
1319:
1306:
1293:
1280:
1267:
1254:
1245:Fauna Europaea
1241:
1228:
1215:
1202:
1192:
1179:
1164:
1148:
1146:
1140:
1139:
1134:
1125:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1118:
1117:
1115:Opilioacaridae
1111:
1109:
1103:
1102:
1100:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1083:
1081:
1075:
1074:
1072:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1055:
1053:
1045:
1044:
1042:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1025:
1023:
1014:
1012:Parasitiformes
1008:
1007:
1000:
998:
995:
994:
992:
991:
989:Sphaerolichida
986:
980:
978:
976:Trombidiformes
972:
971:
969:
968:
963:
957:
955:
953:Sarcoptiformes
949:
948:
946:
945:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
914:
912:
903:
897:
896:
885:
883:
882:
875:
868:
860:
852:
851:
792:
753:(3): 683–694.
733:
700:
665:(2): 129–151.
645:
586:
551:(4): 555–574.
531:
496:(3): 393–410.
473:
442:
435:
407:
406:
404:
401:
397:Trombidiformes
392:
389:
348:
345:
314:
311:
296:spermatophores
283:
280:
255:
252:
251:
250:
242:
234:
195:
194:
191:
185:
183:
179:
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173:
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155:
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137:
135:
131:
130:
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123:
110:
109:
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100:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
42:
37:
36:
26:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1391:
1380:
1377:
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1369:
1352:
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1339:
1333:
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1307:
1303:
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1277:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1259:
1255:
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1246:
1242:
1238:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1193:
1189:
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1169:
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1137:
1132:
1116:
1113:
1112:
1110:
1108:
1104:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1087:Monogynaspida
1085:
1084:
1082:
1080:
1076:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1056:
1054:
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1009:
1004:
990:
987:
985:
982:
981:
979:
977:
973:
967:
964:
962:
961:Endeostigmata
959:
958:
956:
954:
950:
944:
943:Parhyposomata
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
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919:
916:
915:
913:
911:
907:
904:
902:
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893:
889:
881:
876:
874:
869:
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829:
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188:
184:
182:Superfamily:
181:
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148:
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140:
136:
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85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
50:
45:
40:
34:
30:
22:
19:
1338:eriophyoidea
1188:Eriophyoidea
1174:Eriophyoidea
1144:Eriophyoidea
1143:
1097:Trigynaspida
1079:Mesostigmata
1034:Holothyridae
1029:Allothyridae
938:Palaeosomata
923:Enarthronota
918:Brachypylina
809:
805:
795:
770:10261/209118
750:
746:
736:
717:
713:
703:
662:
658:
648:
603:
599:
589:
548:
544:
534:
493:
489:
465:. Retrieved
461:
422:
394:
377:
371:
365:
359:
358:from Italy:
350:
337:
333:
321:
308:
304:spermathecae
285:
282:Reproduction
276:
269:
257:
248:Keifer, 1944
240:Murray, 1877
232:Nalepa, 1898
215:
200:Eriophyoidea
199:
198:
192:Nalepa, 1898
187:Eriophyoidea
186:
117:
24:Eriophyoidea
18:
1271:iNaturalist
1168:Wikispecies
1039:Neothyridae
1021:Holothyrida
984:Prostigmata
966:Psoroptidia
901:Acariformes
462:idtools.org
367:Triasacarus
292:arrhenotoky
254:Description
237:Phytoptidae
229:Eriophyidae
204:herbivorous
175:Acariformes
1368:Categories
933:Mixonomata
928:Holosomata
812:(6): 527.
467:2023-01-16
403:References
373:Minyacarus
151:Arthropoda
1059:Argasidae
1048:Ixodida (
910:Oribatida
828:2075-4450
779:0737-4038
687:1477-2019
581:254266541
565:0168-8162
526:254262847
510:0168-8162
391:Phylogeny
347:Evolution
341:deciduous
328:lime tree
163:Arachnida
134:Kingdom:
1237:10641639
1206:BugGuide
1195:BioLib:
1159:Q5389487
1153:Wikidata
1064:Ixodidae
846:37367343
837:10299372
787:31670799
695:85055941
640:22927387
573:26043829
518:26246188
427:Elsevier
361:Ampezzoa
353:Triassic
146:Phylum:
139:Animalia
886:Acari (
806:Insects
667:Bibcode
631:3443139
608:Bibcode
313:Ecology
211:instars
170:Order:
158:Class:
33:Present
29:Carnian
1351:762073
1328:245998
1289:895628
1276:373225
1092:Sejina
844:
834:
826:
785:
777:
693:
685:
638:
628:
579:
571:
563:
524:
516:
508:
433:
1346:WoRMS
1335:PPE:
1315:70332
1250:15628
1211:91406
1198:19254
1050:ticks
892:mites
888:ticks
691:S2CID
577:S2CID
522:S2CID
356:amber
300:sperm
265:setae
261:palps
207:mites
1310:NCBI
1284:ITIS
890:and
842:PMID
824:ISSN
783:PMID
775:ISSN
683:ISSN
636:PMID
569:PMID
561:ISSN
514:PMID
506:ISSN
431:ISBN
376:and
330:leaf
290:and
39:PreꞒ
1297:NBN
1232:EoL
1224:54N
1219:CoL
1183:AFD
832:PMC
814:doi
765:hdl
755:doi
722:doi
675:doi
626:PMC
616:doi
604:109
553:doi
498:doi
116:of
31:to
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1260::
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808:.
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718:22
716:.
712:.
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673:.
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657:.
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624:.
614:.
602:.
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575:.
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549:66
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543:.
520:.
512:.
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494:67
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488:.
476:^
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429:.
411:^
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89:Pg
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865:v
848:.
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677::
669::
642:.
618::
610::
583:.
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500::
470:.
439:.
381:,
369:,
363:,
94:N
84:K
79:J
74:T
69:P
64:C
59:D
54:S
49:O
44:Ꞓ
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