200:. When he was five, his mother fell down the stairs with him in her arms. He later recalled, "I lost my sight at the age of seven. Two years before, my mother and I fell down a flight of stairs. She did not recover and died in that second year after the fall. I lost my sight and, for a time, my memory." Hoffer spoke with a pronounced German accent all his life, and spoke the language fluently. He was raised by a live-in relative or servant, a German immigrant named Martha. His eyesight inexplicably returned when he was 15. Fearing he might lose it again, he seized on the opportunity to read as much as he could. His recovery proved permanent, but Hoffer never abandoned his reading habit.
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528:(1967), Hoffer implies that the United States as a rule should avoid interventions in the first place: "the better part of statesmanship might be to know clearly and precisely what not to do, and leave action to the improvisation of chance." In fact, Hoffer indicates that "it might be wise to wait for enemies to defeat themselves," as they might fall upon each other with the United States out of the picture. The view was somewhat borne out with the
506:(1963), Hoffer discusses the reasons for unrest on the continent. In particular, he argues that the root cause of social discontent in Asia was not government corruption, "communist agitation," or the legacy of European colonial "oppression and exploitation," but rather that a "craving for pride" was the central problem in Asia, suggesting a problem that could not be relieved through typical American intervention.
455:, which consists of a preface and 125 sections, which are divided into 18 chapters. Hoffer analyzes the phenomenon of "mass movements," a general term that he applies to revolutionary parties, nationalistic movements, and religious movements. He summarizes his thesis in §113: "A movement is pioneered by men of words, materialized by fanatics and consolidated by men of actions."
517:, Hoffer remained skeptical concerning American interventionism, specifically the intelligence with which the war was being conducted in Southeast Asia. After the United States became more involved in the war, Hoffer wished to avoid defeat in Vietnam because of his fear that such a defeat would transform American society for ill, opening the door to those who would preach a
375:, never married. He fathered a child with Lili Fabilli Osborne, named Eric Osborne, who was born in 1955 and raised by Lili Osborne and her husband, Selden Osborne. Lili Fabilli Osborne had become acquainted with Hoffer through her husband, a fellow longshoreman and acquaintance of Hoffer's. Despite this, Selden Osborne and Hoffer remained on good terms.
928:"California > Monterey > Monterey Judicial Township > 27-34 Monterey Judicial Township outside Monterey City bounded by (N) township line; (E) township line; (S) Highway 117; (W) Monterey City Limits, Highway 56; also Seaside (part) > image 102 of 126; citing NARA digital publication of T627"
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and extremist cultural movements, whether religious, social, or national, arise when large numbers of frustrated people, believing their own individual lives to be worthless or spoiled, join a movement demanding radical change. But the real attraction for this population is an escape from the self,
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land-owner Joe
Gladstone, a family friend of the Fabilli's who also knew Hoffer, said of Hoffer's account of his early life: "I don't believe a word of it." To this day, no one ever has claimed to have known Hoffer in his youth, and no records apparently exist of his parents, nor indeed of Hoffer
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style, the unpublished notebooks (dated from 1949 to 1977) contain very significant work. Although available for scholarly study since at least 2003, little of their contents has been published. A selection of fifty aphorisms, focusing on the development of unrealized human talents through the
320:. He later retired from public life in 1970. “I'm going to crawl back into my hole where I started,” he said. “I don't want to be a public person or anybody's spokesman... Any man can ride a train. Only a wise man knows when to get off.” In 1970, he endowed the Lili Fabilli and Eric Hoffer
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were ostensibly enemies, but sometimes enlisted each other's members, since they competed for the same kind of marginalized, angry, frustrated people. For the "true believer," Hoffer argues that particular beliefs are less important than escaping from the burden of the autonomous self.
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in 1941, he wrote: "My writing is done in railroad yards while waiting for a freight, in the fields while waiting for a truck, and at noon after lunch. Towns are too distracting." He once remarked, "my writing grows out of my life just as a branch from a tree." When he was called an
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not a realization of individual hopes: "A mass movement attracts and holds a following not because it can satisfy the desire for self-advancement, but because it can satisfy the passion for self-renunciation."
146:(July 25, 1902 – May 21, 1983) was an American philosopher and social critic. A conservative moderate with an atypical working-class background, Hoffer authored ten books over his career and was awarded the
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both partly autobiographical. He also penned a long article based on his experiences in a federal work camp, "Tramps and
Pioneers." It was never published, but a truncated version appeared in
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Hoffer's attitude toward religion was hard to pin down. He generally described himself as an atheist, yet during our interview he described religion as a significant source of leadership
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417:. His lover and executor Lili Fabilli stated that she always thought Hoffer was an immigrant. Her son, Eric Fabilli, said that Hoffer's life might have been comparable to that of
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and spent the next 10 years wandering, as he remembered, “up and down the land, dodging hunger and grieving over the world.” Hoffer eventually landed on
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723:"Eric Hoffer: The Passionate State of Mind" with Eric Sevareid, CBS, September 19, 1967 (re-broadcast on November 14, due to popular demand).
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498:(1951), Eric Hoffer touched upon Asia and American interventionism in several of his essays. In "The Awakening of Asia" (1954), published in
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Hoffer consequently argues that the appeal of mass movements is interchangeable: in the
Germany of the 1920s and the 1930s, for example, the
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Many elements of Hoffer's early life are unverified, but in autobiographical statements, Hoffer claimed to have been born in 1902 in
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156:(1951), was widely recognized as a classic, receiving critical acclaim from both scholars and laymen, although Hoffer believed that
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1978 – Bust of Eric Hoffer by sculptor
Jonathan Hirschfeld; commissioned by Charles Kittrell and placed in Bartlesville, Oklahoma
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According to longtime companion Lili
Fabilli Osborne, executrix of the Hoffer Estate; also noted in personal archives stored at
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513:, despite his objections to the antiwar movement and acceptance of the notion that the war was somehow necessary to prevent a
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486:: "This brilliant and original inquiry into the nature of mass movements is a genuine contribution to our social thought."
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Hoffer was influenced by his modest roots and working-class surroundings, seeing in it vast human potential. In a letter to
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160:(1963) was his finest work. The Eric Hoffer Book Award is an international literary prize established in his honor. The
260:. Montaigne impressed Hoffer deeply, and Hoffer often made reference to him. He also developed a respect for America's
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and considered hiring a genealogist to investigate Hoffer's early life, to which Hoffer reportedly replied, "Are you
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Hoffer's papers, including 131 of the notebooks he carried in his pockets, were acquired in 2000 by the
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revealed doubts about Hoffer's account of his early life. Although Hoffer claimed his parents were from
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726:"The Savage Heart: A Conversation with Eric Hoffer," with Eric Sevareid, CBS, January 28, 1969.
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paid for Knut Hoffer's funeral and gave Hoffer about $ 300 insurance money. He took a bus to
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1279:"Book World: Blue-collar intellectual by 'Eric Hoffer: The Longshoreman Philosopher'"
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Hoffer left the docks in 1964, and shortly after became an adjunct professor at the
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832:(Ultimate Reference Suite CD-ROM ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. 2003.
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1985, September 17 – Skygate unveiling in San
Francisco; dedication speech by
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Between the Devil and the Dragon: The Best Essays and
Aphorisms of Eric Hoffer
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Hoffer came to public attention with the 1951 publication of his first book,
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The
Fifties Spiritual Marketplace: American Religion in a Decade of Conflict
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Working and
Thinking on the Waterfront: A Journal, June 1958 to May 1959
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himself until he was about forty, when his name appeared in a census.
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934:. Washington, DC: National Archives and Records Administration. 1940
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was established in 2007 with permission from the Eric Hoffer Estate.
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1971, June – Honorary
Doctorate; Michigan Technological University
359:, he insisted that he simply was a longshoreman. Hoffer has been
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of Hoffer's estate, and vigorously controlled the rights to his
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1573:, Shachtman, Tom, Titusville, NJ, Hopewell Publications, 2011.
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He died at his home in San Francisco in 1983 at the age of 80.
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where he worked, dividing his time "between the books and the
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American moral and social conservative philosopher (1902–1983)
1614:, Bethell, Tom, Stanford, CA, Hoover Institution Press, 2012
1348:(New York: Harper & Row/Perennial Library, 1966), p. 134.
1361:(New York: Harper & Row/Perennial Library, 1966), p. 21.
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The Vanishing Vision: The Inside Story of Public Television
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The True Believer: Thoughts On The Nature of Mass Movements
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The True Believer: Thoughts on the Nature of Mass Movements
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awards an annual literary prize named jointly for Hoffer.
1587:, Koerner, James D., La Salle, Ill., Library Press, 1973
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by Robert S. Ellwood Publisher: Rutgers University Press
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and allow for the rise of an American version of Hitler.
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Hoffer was a young man when he also lost his father. The
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in 1943. At the same time, he began to write seriously.
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in the mountains. Snowed in for the winter, he read the
1374:(Harper & Row/Perennial Library, 1966), back cover.
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accent. He claimed to have been born and raised in the
1571:
American Iconoclast: The Life and Times of Eric Hoffer
238:, following the harvests in California. He acquired a
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1485:. Berkeley: University of California Press. pp.
1458:, "Sparks: Eric Hoffer and the Art of the Notebook",
1094:. Hoover Institution Press Publication. p. 54.
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Essay Prize for students, faculty, and staff at the
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1600:, Baker, James Thomas. Boston : Twayne, 1982
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1319:"Eric Hoffer, Genius – and Enigma"
736:1971, May – Honorary Doctorate; Stonehill College
590:The Passionate State of Mind, and Other Aphorisms
192:. By age five, Hoffer could already read in both
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219:, reading, occasionally writing, and working at
378:Hoffer referred to Eric Osborne as his son or
363:by some authors a "longshoreman philosopher."
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1115:Hoover Digest – The Longshoreman Philosopher
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1384:""The Awakening of Asia", by Eric Hoffer,
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395:Eric Hoffer: The Longshoreman Philosopher,
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1612:Eric Hoffer: The Longshoreman Philosopher
1219:Eric Hoffer: The Longshoreman Philosopher
405:, Hoffer himself spoke with a pronounced
264:, which he said was "lumpy with talent."
1697:Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients
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894:
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1648:, preserving the legacy of Eric Hoffer
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1142:"Eric Hoffer:Longshoreman Philosopher"
1020:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
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712:, twelve-part television interview by
339:and described it as a positive force.
1608:Twayne's United States authors series
1250:"Death claims waterfront philosopher"
557:, appeared in the July 2005 issue of
7:
1514:"Register of the Eric Hoffer papers"
1672:20th-century American philosophers
877:University of California, Berkeley
650:Reflections on the Human Condition
326:University of California, Berkeley
318:University of California, Berkeley
162:University of California, Berkeley
150:in February 1983. His first book,
25:
1687:American people of German descent
1163:Bethell, Tom (January 30, 2003).
1051:"The Longshoreman and the Masses"
494:Subsequent to the publication of
1682:American social sciences writers
1424:Eric Hoffer; an American odyssey
274:Four Years in Young Hank's Life,
42:
804:"Eric Hoffer | American writer"
301:, but he was rejected due to a
1317:Bethell, Tom (April 6, 2012).
1277:Dirda, Michael (May 9, 2012).
1165:"The Longshoreman Philosopher"
902:"The Longshoreman Philosopher"
710:Conversations with Eric Hoffer
305:. Instead, he began work as a
293:Hoffer tried to enlist in the
1:
1140:Bethell, Tom (May 26, 2013).
942:– via FamilySearch.org.
774:List of American philosophers
747:Presidential Medal of Freedom
335:but had sympathetic views of
148:Presidential Medal of Freedom
135:Presidential Medal of Freedom
1702:American social philosophers
1518:Online Archive of California
1388:, June 22, 1954, pp. 16–17".
1092:The Longshoreman Philosopher
290:after he became well known.
48:Eric Hoffer in 1967, in the
817:– via britannica.com.
546:Hoover Institution Archives
1718:
1522:California Digital Library
1464:complete article on scribd
1304:"Longshoreman philosopher"
957:. St. James. p. 254.
856:The Eric Hoffer Book Award
444:
311:the docks of San Francisco
230:by drinking a solution of
1190:"Philosopher Hoffer dies"
644:First Things, Last Things
480:Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.
331:Hoffer called himself an
41:
1462:, July 2005, pp. 73–77 (
953:Knutson, Harold (1984).
530:Cambodian-Vietnamese War
196:and his parents' native
1646:The Eric Hoffer Project
1217:Thomas Bethell (2012).
830:Encyclopædia Britannica
808:Encyclopedia Britannica
226:In 1931, he considered
1401:Cite journal requires
1169:The Hoover Institution
731:Awards and recognition
720:, San Francisco, 1963.
618:The Temper of Our Time
534:Chinese-Vietnamese War
526:The Temper of Our Time
1692:People from the Bronx
1124:May 25, 2007, at the
869:"Fabili Hoffer Prize"
519:stab-in-the-back myth
388:intellectual property
282:Chance and Mr. Kunze,
54:Lyndon Baines Johnson
52:, visiting President
1420:Tomkins, C. (1968).
955:Annual Obituary 1983
932:United States Census
908:. Hoover Institution
844:the Hoover Institute
745:1983, February 13 –
604:The Ordeal of Change
504:The Ordeal of Change
158:The Ordeal of Change
1283:The Washington Post
879:. November 14, 2018
769:American philosophy
632:Nature and The City
536:of the late 1970s.
502:and later his book
472:National Socialists
458:Hoffer argues that
425:you want to know?"
371:Hoffer, who was an
346:Working-class roots
258:Michel de Montaigne
248:prospected for gold
1526:Hoover Institution
1119:Hoover Institution
670:Before the Sabbath
478:Harvard historian
434:Books and opinions
272:He wrote a novel,
1677:American atheists
1579:978-1-933435-38-1
1556:978-0-8135-2346-0
1460:Harper's Magazine
1372:The True Believer
1359:The True Believer
1346:The True Believer
1255:Rome News-Tribune
873:grad.berkeley.edu
626:978-1-933435-22-0
560:Harper's Magazine
496:The True Believer
484:The True Believer
447:The True Believer
440:The True Believer
393:In his 2012 book
352:Margaret Anderson
297:at age 40 during
287:Harper's Magazine
153:The True Believer
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125:Political science
121:Social psychology
18:Eric Hoffer Award
16:(Redirected from
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1531:December 16,
1529:. Retrieved
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1423:
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1394:cite journal
1386:The Reporter
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1088:Bethell, Tom
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1006:December 29,
1004:. Retrieved
1000:the original
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415:Bronx accent
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307:longshoreman
299:World War II
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240:library card
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205:cabinetmaker
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111:Longshoreman
90:(1983-05-21)
88:May 21, 1983
29:
1667:1983 deaths
1662:1902 births
1632:Eric Hoffer
1598:Eric Hoffer
1456:Tom Bethell
1441:October 27,
1288:January 16,
1077:, pp. 35–39
749:awarded by
664:In Our Time
511:Vietnam War
509:During the
490:Later works
413:but had no
399:Tom Bethell
397:journalist
246:." He also
232:oxalic acid
213:Los Angeles
144:Eric Hoffer
50:Oval Office
36:Eric Hoffer
1656:Categories
1496:0520086597
1477:Day, James
1428:. Dutton.
1324:Hoover.org
906:hoover.org
813:October 9,
790:References
779:Ivan Ilyin
704:Interviews
550:aphoristic
468:Communists
373:only child
262:underclass
168:Early life
106:Occupation
99:California
67:1902-07-25
1195:Star-News
1144:. AEI.org
1055:The Attic
714:James Day
460:fanatical
427:Pescadero
419:B. Traven
295:U.S. Army
174:The Bronx
1479:(1995).
1262:April 6,
1202:April 6,
1174:July 25,
1148:July 25,
1122:Archived
1090:(2012).
1060:July 31,
1016:cite web
912:April 6,
883:July 25,
763:See also
482:said of
407:Bavarian
384:executor
337:religion
244:brothels
221:odd jobs
217:Skid Row
182:New York
109:Author,
78:New York
1330:May 11,
333:atheist
322:Laconic
278:novella
228:suicide
194:English
1618:
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1229:
1098:
1037:, p. 1
961:
696:
682:
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630:1968
624:
610:
596:
582:
540:Papers
380:godson
361:dubbed
303:hernia
276:and a
268:Career
253:Essays
198:German
186:Alsace
137:, 1983
1487:50–51
688:1983
674:1982
668:1979
662:1976
648:1973
642:1971
636:1969
616:1967
602:1963
588:1955
572:1951
411:Bronx
209:union
117:Genre
1616:ISBN
1602:ISBN
1589:ISBN
1575:ISBN
1552:ISBN
1533:2019
1491:ISBN
1443:2014
1430:ISBN
1407:help
1332:2019
1290:2019
1264:2015
1227:ISBN
1204:2015
1176:2021
1150:2021
1096:ISBN
1062:2019
1022:link
1008:2006
959:ISBN
940:2014
914:2015
885:2021
815:2017
718:KQED
694:ISBN
680:ISBN
654:ISBN
622:ISBN
608:ISBN
594:ISBN
580:ISBN
532:and
470:and
423:sure
101:, US
85:Died
80:, US
61:Born
1634:at
716:of
524:In
309:on
256:by
207:'s
1658::
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65:(
20:)
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