Knowledge (XXG)

Erlinger v. United States

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Paul Erlinger was charged and convicted of being a felon in possession of a firearm in 2018. He was sentenced to 15 years and sought post-conviction relief. The District Court found that Erlinger had committed three separate burglaries, making him eligible for the
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Whether the Constitution requires a jury trial and proof beyond a reasonable doubt to find that a defendant's prior convictions were "committed on occasions different from one another," as is necessary to impose an enhanced sentence under the
344: 1953: 324:"ther than the fact of a prior conviction, any fact that increases the penalty for a crime beyond the prescribed statutory maximum must be submitted to a jury, and proved beyond a reasonable doubt." 1943: 348: 543: 619: 294: 290: 264: 127: 123: 1870: 1958: 1963: 1948: 1904: 610: 1711: 1003: 1484: 915: 765: 33: 1670: 1631: 1532: 351:, which affirmed his sentence, holding that the government was only required to prove the burglary question to the judge by a 1345: 411: 1182: 1147: 923: 352: 1513: 603: 1369: 1062: 282: 939: 848: 1575: 888: 880: 1968: 1464: 1257: 872: 784: 645: 356: 307: 135: 131: 109: 1850: 1679: 1658: 1361: 1265: 1027: 1011: 987: 792: 661: 1719: 1439: 1281: 1166: 1139: 1131: 971: 816: 596: 387: 1623: 1393: 1313: 979: 931: 749: 512: 373: 334: 316: 61: 1880: 1735: 1695: 1599: 955: 824: 547: 380: 205: 832: 1759: 1703: 1591: 1583: 1385: 1238: 963: 669: 1888: 1791: 1607: 1476: 1337: 1329: 1321: 1070: 808: 757: 633: 1912: 1858: 1783: 1751: 1639: 1492: 1353: 1217: 1102: 1094: 864: 856: 711: 1775: 1767: 1615: 1559: 1551: 1420: 1297: 1174: 1110: 1086: 1078: 907: 581: 197: 1896: 1815: 1743: 1687: 1401: 1273: 1019: 1973: 1305: 1289: 1122: 947: 653: 563: 329: 193: 173: 161: 588: 464: 1831: 1807: 1799: 1567: 1054: 840: 554: 347:
overruled his objection and re-imposed the 15-year sentence. Erlinger appealed to the
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enhancement. Erlinger objected, arguing that the burglary question should have been
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that a defendant’s past offenses were committed on separate occasions for
572: 488: 94: 71: 441:"United States v. Erlinger, No. 22-1926 | Casetext Search + Citator" 297:. The case was argued on January 16, 2024, and decided on June 21. 345:
United States District Court for the Southern District of Indiana
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Gorsuch, joined by Roberts, Thomas, Sotomayor, Kagan, Barrett
412:"United States v. Erlinger, No. 22-1926 (7th Cir. 2023)" 1954:
United States Supreme Court cases of the Roberts Court
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United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
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Kavanaugh, joined by Alito; Jackson (except Part III)
1869: 1842: 1669: 1650: 1543: 1524: 1431: 1412: 1249: 1158: 1121: 1046: 899: 776: 741: 258: 250: 242: 234: 226: 218: 213: 142: 130:require a unanimous jury to make the determination 116: 101: 82: 77: 67: 57: 47: 40: 21: 1944:United States Sixth Amendment sentencing case law 322: 604: 8: 1521: 1508: 1459: 1246: 1233: 1202: 738: 727: 685: 628: 611: 597: 589: 18: 1905:Martinez v. Court of Appeal of California 400: 1959:United States Fifth Amendment case law 16:2024 United States Supreme Court case 7: 435: 433: 431: 406: 404: 1004:Southern Union Co. v. United States 1964:Armed Career Criminal Act case law 1485:United States v. Valenzuela-Bernal 916:Almendarez-Torres v. United States 766:Blanton v. City of North Las Vegas 34:Supreme Court of the United States 14: 1949:United States Supreme Court cases 1432:Restrictions on cross-examination 550:___ (2024) is available from: 285:case relating to the right to a 273:United States Supreme Court case 27: 1533:United States v. Gonzalez-Lopez 1346:Melendez-Diaz v. Massachusetts 849:Rosales-Lopez v. United States 52:Paul Erlinger v. United States 1: 620:United States Sixth Amendment 353:preponderance of the evidence 1514:Assistance of Counsel Clause 582:Supreme Court (slip opinion) 359:. The Supreme Court granted 314:. The Supreme Court held in 289:in criminal cases under the 281:, 602 U.S. ___ (2024) was a 1063:Rassmussen v. United States 489:"Erlinger v. United States" 469:Legal Information Institute 338:, 530 U.S. 466, 490 (2000). 283:United States Supreme Court 1990: 1413:Face-to-face confrontation 1183:Peña-Rodriguez v. Colorado 881:McDonnell v. United States 573:Oyez (oral argument audio) 1520: 1507: 1471: 1465:Compulsory Process Clause 1458: 1258:Reynolds v. United States 1245: 1232: 1212: 1201: 1036:Erlinger v. United States 889:United States v. Tsarnaev 873:Skilling v. United States 785:Reynolds v. United States 737: 726: 698: 684: 646:Klopfer v. North Carolina 640: 627: 540:Erlinger v. United States 357:beyond a reasonable doubt 278:Erlinger v. United States 263: 147: 132:beyond a reasonable doubt 121: 110:Armed Career Criminal Act 106: 87:United States v. Erlinger 26: 22:Erlinger v. United States 1851:Massiah v. United States 1680:Strickland v. Washington 1659:Glasser v. United States 1632:Nichols v. United States 1362:Bullcoming v. New Mexico 1266:Dowdell v. United States 1028:United States v. Haymond 1012:Alleyne v. United States 988:Cunningham v. California 793:Glasser v. United States 662:Doggett v. United States 465:"Apprendi v. New Jersey" 112:, 18 U.S.C. § 924(e)(1). 1720:Glover v. United States 1440:Chambers v. Mississippi 1282:Bruton v. United States 1250:Out-of-court statements 1167:Tanner v. United States 1159:Impeachment of verdicts 1140:Burton v. United States 1132:United States v. Dawson 972:United States v. Booker 940:Harris v. United States 817:Witherspoon v. Illinois 388:United States v. Booker 267:, 18 U.S.C. § 924(e)(1) 1843:Uncounseled statements 1671:Ineffective assistance 1624:Pennsylvania v. Finley 1394:Samia v. United States 1314:Crawford v. Washington 1148:Smith v. United States 980:Washington v. Recuenco 932:Apprendi v. New Jersey 924:Jones v. United States 750:Cheff v. Schnackenberg 374:Apprendi v. New Jersey 363:on November 20, 2023. 341: 335:Apprendi v. New Jersey 317:Apprendi v. New Jersey 265:U.S. Const. amends. VI 1881:Faretta v. California 1736:Woodford v. Visciotti 1696:Kimmelman v. Morrison 1600:Argersinger v. Hamlin 956:Blakely v. Washington 825:Ham v. South Carolina 732:Impartial Jury Clause 381:Blakely v. Washington 206:Ketanji Brown Jackson 43:Decided June 21, 2024 41:Argued March 27, 2024 1760:Wright v. Van Patten 1704:Lockhart v. Fretwell 1592:Anders v. California 1584:Gideon v. Wainwright 1386:Hemphill v. New York 1370:Williams v. Illinois 1239:Confrontation Clause 964:Schriro v. Summerlin 670:Betterman v. Montana 517:www.supremecourt.gov 1889:McKaskle v. Wiggins 1792:Padilla v. Kentucky 1608:Gagnon v. Scarpelli 1576:Hamilton v. Alabama 1477:Washington v. Texas 1338:Giles v. California 1330:Whorton v. Bockting 1322:Davis v. Washington 1071:Williams v. Florida 809:Sheppard v. Maxwell 758:Duncan v. Louisiana 634:Speedy Trial Clause 513:"Docket for 23-370" 102:Questions presented 1913:Indiana v. Edwards 1859:Brewer v. Williams 1784:Porter v. McCollum 1752:Holland v. Jackson 1712:Williams v. Taylor 1640:Alabama v. Shelton 1493:Taylor v. Illinois 1354:Michigan v. Bryant 1218:Rabe v. Washington 1207:Information Clause 1103:Ramos v. Louisiana 1095:Burch v. Louisiana 1047:Size and unanimity 865:Morgan v. Illinois 857:Wainwright v. Witt 712:Presley v. Georgia 158:Associate Justices 1931: 1930: 1927: 1926: 1923: 1922: 1776:Wong v. Belmontes 1768:Bobby v. Van Hook 1616:Scott v. Illinois 1560:Johnson v. Zerbst 1552:Powell v. Alabama 1503: 1502: 1454: 1453: 1450: 1449: 1421:Maryland v. Craig 1298:Illinois v. Allen 1228: 1227: 1197: 1196: 1193: 1192: 1175:Warger v. Shauers 1111:Edwards v. Vannoy 1087:Ballew v. Georgia 1079:Apodaca v. Oregon 908:Walton v. Arizona 722: 721: 680: 679: 271: 270: 198:Amy Coney Barrett 1981: 1969:Sentencing (law) 1897:Rock v. Arkansas 1816:Lafler v. Cooper 1744:Wiggins v. Smith 1688:Nix v. Whiteside 1522: 1509: 1460: 1402:Smith v. Arizona 1274:Pointer v. Texas 1247: 1234: 1203: 1020:Hurst v. Florida 833:Ristaino v. Ross 739: 728: 686: 629: 613: 606: 599: 590: 586: 580: 577: 571: 568: 562: 559: 553: 527: 526: 524: 523: 509: 503: 502: 500: 499: 485: 479: 478: 476: 475: 461: 455: 454: 452: 451: 437: 426: 425: 423: 422: 408: 355:, as opposed to 339: 295:Sixth Amendments 143:Court membership 128:Sixth Amendments 31: 30: 19: 1989: 1988: 1984: 1983: 1982: 1980: 1979: 1978: 1934: 1933: 1932: 1919: 1865: 1838: 1665: 1646: 1539: 1516: 1499: 1467: 1446: 1427: 1408: 1306:Ohio v. Roberts 1290:Frazier v. Cupp 1241: 1224: 1208: 1189: 1154: 1123:Vicinage Clause 1117: 1042: 948:Ring v. Arizona 895: 772: 733: 718: 694: 676: 654:Barker v. Wingo 636: 623: 617: 584: 578: 575: 569: 566: 560: 557: 551: 536: 531: 530: 521: 519: 511: 510: 506: 497: 495: 487: 486: 482: 473: 471: 463: 462: 458: 449: 447: 439: 438: 429: 420: 418: 410: 409: 402: 397: 369: 340: 330:Justice Stevens 328: 312:found by a jury 303: 274: 196: 194:Brett Kavanaugh 184: 174:Sonia Sotomayor 172: 162:Clarence Thomas 42: 36: 17: 12: 11: 5: 1987: 1985: 1977: 1976: 1971: 1966: 1961: 1956: 1951: 1946: 1936: 1935: 1929: 1928: 1925: 1924: 1921: 1920: 1918: 1917: 1909: 1901: 1893: 1885: 1876: 1874: 1873:representation 1867: 1866: 1864: 1863: 1855: 1846: 1844: 1840: 1839: 1837: 1836: 1832:Garza v. Idaho 1828: 1820: 1812: 1808:Premo v. Moore 1804: 1800:Sears v. Upton 1796: 1788: 1780: 1772: 1764: 1756: 1748: 1740: 1732: 1724: 1716: 1708: 1700: 1692: 1684: 1675: 1673: 1667: 1666: 1664: 1663: 1654: 1652: 1648: 1647: 1645: 1644: 1636: 1628: 1620: 1612: 1604: 1596: 1588: 1580: 1572: 1568:Betts v. Brady 1564: 1556: 1547: 1545: 1541: 1540: 1538: 1537: 1528: 1526: 1518: 1517: 1512: 1505: 1504: 1501: 1500: 1498: 1497: 1489: 1481: 1472: 1469: 1468: 1463: 1456: 1455: 1452: 1451: 1448: 1447: 1445: 1444: 1435: 1433: 1429: 1428: 1426: 1425: 1416: 1414: 1410: 1409: 1407: 1406: 1398: 1390: 1382: 1374: 1366: 1358: 1350: 1342: 1334: 1326: 1318: 1310: 1302: 1294: 1286: 1278: 1270: 1262: 1253: 1251: 1243: 1242: 1237: 1230: 1229: 1226: 1225: 1223: 1222: 1213: 1210: 1209: 1206: 1199: 1198: 1195: 1194: 1191: 1190: 1188: 1187: 1179: 1171: 1162: 1160: 1156: 1155: 1153: 1152: 1144: 1136: 1127: 1125: 1119: 1118: 1116: 1115: 1107: 1099: 1091: 1083: 1075: 1067: 1059: 1055:Maxwell v. Dow 1050: 1048: 1044: 1043: 1041: 1040: 1032: 1024: 1016: 1008: 1000: 992: 984: 976: 968: 960: 952: 944: 936: 928: 920: 912: 903: 901: 897: 896: 894: 893: 885: 877: 869: 861: 853: 845: 841:Adams v. Texas 837: 829: 821: 813: 805: 797: 789: 780: 778: 774: 773: 771: 770: 762: 754: 745: 743: 735: 734: 731: 724: 723: 720: 719: 717: 716: 708: 699: 696: 695: 689: 682: 681: 678: 677: 675: 674: 666: 658: 650: 641: 638: 637: 632: 625: 624: 618: 616: 615: 608: 601: 593: 535: 534:External links 532: 529: 528: 504: 480: 456: 427: 399: 398: 396: 393: 392: 391: 384: 377: 368: 365: 326: 302: 299: 272: 269: 268: 261: 260: 256: 255: 252: 248: 247: 244: 240: 239: 236: 232: 231: 228: 224: 223: 220: 216: 215: 211: 210: 209: 208: 159: 156: 151: 145: 144: 140: 139: 119: 118: 114: 113: 104: 103: 99: 98: 84: 80: 79: 75: 74: 69: 65: 64: 59: 55: 54: 49: 48:Full case name 45: 44: 38: 37: 32: 24: 23: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1986: 1975: 1972: 1970: 1967: 1965: 1962: 1960: 1957: 1955: 1952: 1950: 1947: 1945: 1942: 1941: 1939: 1915: 1914: 1910: 1907: 1906: 1902: 1899: 1898: 1894: 1891: 1890: 1886: 1883: 1882: 1878: 1877: 1875: 1872: 1868: 1861: 1860: 1856: 1853: 1852: 1848: 1847: 1845: 1841: 1834: 1833: 1829: 1826: 1825: 1824:Buck v. Davis 1821: 1818: 1817: 1813: 1810: 1809: 1805: 1802: 1801: 1797: 1794: 1793: 1789: 1786: 1785: 1781: 1778: 1777: 1773: 1770: 1769: 1765: 1762: 1761: 1757: 1754: 1753: 1749: 1746: 1745: 1741: 1738: 1737: 1733: 1730: 1729: 1725: 1722: 1721: 1717: 1714: 1713: 1709: 1706: 1705: 1701: 1698: 1697: 1693: 1690: 1689: 1685: 1682: 1681: 1677: 1676: 1674: 1672: 1668: 1661: 1660: 1656: 1655: 1653: 1651:Conflict-free 1649: 1642: 1641: 1637: 1634: 1633: 1629: 1626: 1625: 1621: 1618: 1617: 1613: 1610: 1609: 1605: 1602: 1601: 1597: 1594: 1593: 1589: 1586: 1585: 1581: 1578: 1577: 1573: 1570: 1569: 1565: 1562: 1561: 1557: 1554: 1553: 1549: 1548: 1546: 1542: 1535: 1534: 1530: 1529: 1527: 1523: 1519: 1515: 1510: 1506: 1495: 1494: 1490: 1487: 1486: 1482: 1479: 1478: 1474: 1473: 1470: 1466: 1461: 1457: 1442: 1441: 1437: 1436: 1434: 1430: 1423: 1422: 1418: 1417: 1415: 1411: 1404: 1403: 1399: 1396: 1395: 1391: 1388: 1387: 1383: 1380: 1379: 1378:Ohio v. Clark 1375: 1372: 1371: 1367: 1364: 1363: 1359: 1356: 1355: 1351: 1348: 1347: 1343: 1340: 1339: 1335: 1332: 1331: 1327: 1324: 1323: 1319: 1316: 1315: 1311: 1308: 1307: 1303: 1300: 1299: 1295: 1292: 1291: 1287: 1284: 1283: 1279: 1276: 1275: 1271: 1268: 1267: 1263: 1260: 1259: 1255: 1254: 1252: 1248: 1244: 1240: 1235: 1231: 1220: 1219: 1215: 1214: 1211: 1204: 1200: 1185: 1184: 1180: 1177: 1176: 1172: 1169: 1168: 1164: 1163: 1161: 1157: 1150: 1149: 1145: 1142: 1141: 1137: 1134: 1133: 1129: 1128: 1126: 1124: 1120: 1113: 1112: 1108: 1105: 1104: 1100: 1097: 1096: 1092: 1089: 1088: 1084: 1081: 1080: 1076: 1073: 1072: 1068: 1065: 1064: 1060: 1057: 1056: 1052: 1051: 1049: 1045: 1038: 1037: 1033: 1030: 1029: 1025: 1022: 1021: 1017: 1014: 1013: 1009: 1006: 1005: 1001: 998: 997: 996:Oregon v. Ice 993: 990: 989: 985: 982: 981: 977: 974: 973: 969: 966: 965: 961: 958: 957: 953: 950: 949: 945: 942: 941: 937: 934: 933: 929: 926: 925: 921: 918: 917: 913: 910: 909: 905: 904: 902: 898: 891: 890: 886: 883: 882: 878: 875: 874: 870: 867: 866: 862: 859: 858: 854: 851: 850: 846: 843: 842: 838: 835: 834: 830: 827: 826: 822: 819: 818: 814: 811: 810: 806: 803: 802: 801:Irvin v. Dowd 798: 795: 794: 790: 787: 786: 782: 781: 779: 775: 768: 767: 763: 760: 759: 755: 752: 751: 747: 746: 744: 740: 736: 729: 725: 714: 713: 709: 706: 705: 701: 700: 697: 692: 687: 683: 672: 671: 667: 664: 663: 659: 656: 655: 651: 648: 647: 643: 642: 639: 635: 630: 626: 621: 614: 609: 607: 602: 600: 595: 594: 591: 587: 583: 574: 565: 556: 549: 545: 541: 533: 518: 514: 508: 505: 494: 490: 484: 481: 470: 466: 460: 457: 446: 442: 436: 434: 432: 428: 417: 413: 407: 405: 401: 394: 390: 389: 385: 383: 382: 378: 376: 375: 371: 370: 366: 364: 362: 358: 354: 350: 346: 337: 336: 331: 325: 321: 319: 318: 313: 309: 300: 298: 296: 292: 288: 284: 280: 279: 266: 262: 257: 253: 249: 245: 241: 237: 233: 229: 225: 221: 217: 214:Case opinions 212: 207: 203: 199: 195: 191: 187: 183: 179: 175: 171: 167: 163: 160: 157: 155: 152: 150:Chief Justice 149: 148: 146: 141: 137: 133: 129: 125: 120: 115: 111: 105: 100: 96: 92: 88: 85: 81: 76: 73: 72:Oral argument 70: 66: 63: 60: 56: 53: 50: 46: 39: 35: 25: 20: 1911: 1903: 1895: 1887: 1879: 1857: 1849: 1830: 1822: 1814: 1806: 1798: 1790: 1782: 1774: 1766: 1758: 1750: 1742: 1734: 1728:Bell v. Cone 1726: 1718: 1710: 1702: 1694: 1686: 1678: 1657: 1638: 1630: 1622: 1614: 1606: 1598: 1590: 1582: 1574: 1566: 1558: 1550: 1531: 1491: 1483: 1475: 1438: 1419: 1400: 1392: 1384: 1376: 1368: 1360: 1352: 1344: 1336: 1328: 1320: 1312: 1304: 1296: 1288: 1280: 1272: 1264: 1256: 1216: 1181: 1173: 1165: 1146: 1143:(1905, 1906) 1138: 1130: 1109: 1101: 1093: 1085: 1077: 1069: 1061: 1053: 1035: 1034: 1026: 1018: 1010: 1002: 994: 986: 978: 970: 962: 954: 946: 938: 930: 922: 914: 906: 887: 879: 871: 863: 855: 847: 839: 831: 823: 815: 807: 799: 791: 783: 777:Impartiality 764: 756: 748: 742:Availability 710: 704:In re Oliver 702: 691:Public Trial 668: 660: 652: 644: 539: 537: 520:. Retrieved 516: 507: 496:. Retrieved 492: 483: 472:. Retrieved 468: 459: 448:. Retrieved 445:casetext.com 444: 419:. Retrieved 415: 386: 379: 372: 342: 333: 323: 315: 304: 277: 276: 275: 259:Laws applied 201: 189: 186:Neil Gorsuch 177: 170:Samuel Alito 165: 154:John Roberts 86: 78:Case history 51: 1544:Appointment 900:Facts found 235:Concurrence 227:Concurrence 182:Elena Kagan 89:, 77 F.4th 1938:Categories 522:2023-12-20 498:2023-12-20 474:2023-12-20 450:2023-12-20 421:2023-12-20 416:Justia Law 395:References 361:certiorari 301:Background 287:jury trial 58:Docket no. 138:purposes. 622:case law 538:Text of 367:See also 327:—  219:Majority 95:7th Cir. 68:Argument 555:Cornell 254:Jackson 251:Dissent 243:Dissent 230:Roberts 117:Holding 1974:Juries 1916:(2008) 1908:(2000) 1900:(1987) 1892:(1984) 1884:(1975) 1871:Pro se 1862:(1977) 1854:(1963) 1835:(2019) 1827:(2017) 1819:(2012) 1811:(2011) 1803:(2010) 1795:(2010) 1787:(2009) 1779:(2009) 1771:(2009) 1763:(2008) 1755:(2004) 1747:(2003) 1739:(2002) 1731:(2002) 1723:(2001) 1715:(2000) 1707:(1993) 1699:(1986) 1691:(1986) 1683:(1984) 1662:(1942) 1643:(2002) 1635:(1994) 1627:(1987) 1619:(1979) 1611:(1973) 1603:(1972) 1595:(1967) 1587:(1963) 1579:(1961) 1571:(1942) 1563:(1938) 1555:(1932) 1536:(2006) 1525:Choice 1496:(1988) 1488:(1982) 1480:(1967) 1443:(1973) 1424:(1990) 1405:(2024) 1397:(2023) 1389:(2022) 1381:(2015) 1373:(2012) 1365:(2011) 1357:(2011) 1349:(2009) 1341:(2008) 1333:(2007) 1325:(2006) 1317:(2004) 1309:(1980) 1301:(1970) 1293:(1969) 1285:(1968) 1277:(1965) 1269:(1911) 1261:(1878) 1221:(1972) 1186:(2017) 1178:(2014) 1170:(1987) 1151:(2023) 1135:(1853) 1114:(2021) 1106:(2020) 1098:(1979) 1090:(1978) 1082:(1972) 1074:(1970) 1066:(1905) 1058:(1900) 1039:(2024) 1031:(2019) 1023:(2016) 1015:(2013) 1007:(2012) 999:(2009) 991:(2007) 983:(2006) 975:(2005) 967:(2004) 959:(2004) 951:(2002) 943:(2002) 935:(2000) 927:(1999) 919:(1998) 911:(1990) 892:(2022) 884:(2016) 876:(2010) 868:(1992) 860:(1985) 852:(1981) 844:(1980) 836:(1976) 828:(1973) 820:(1968) 812:(1966) 804:(1961) 796:(1942) 788:(1878) 769:(1989) 761:(1968) 753:(1966) 715:(2010) 707:(1948) 693:Clause 673:(2016) 665:(1992) 657:(1972) 649:(1967) 585:  579:  576:  570:  567:  564:Justia 561:  558:  552:  320:that: 238:Thomas 204: 202:· 200:  192: 190:· 188:  180: 178:· 176:  168: 166:· 164:  97:2023). 62:23-370 546: 291:Fifth 124:Fifth 83:Prior 548:U.S. 493:Oyez 343:The 308:ACCA 293:and 136:ACCA 126:and 122:The 544:602 91:617 1940:: 542:, 515:. 491:. 467:. 443:. 430:^ 414:. 403:^ 332:, 612:e 605:t 598:v 525:. 501:. 477:. 453:. 424:. 93:(

Index

Supreme Court of the United States
23-370
Oral argument
617
7th Cir.
Armed Career Criminal Act
Fifth
Sixth Amendments
beyond a reasonable doubt
ACCA
John Roberts
Clarence Thomas
Samuel Alito
Sonia Sotomayor
Elena Kagan
Neil Gorsuch
Brett Kavanaugh
Amy Coney Barrett
Ketanji Brown Jackson
U.S. Const. amends. VI
United States Supreme Court
jury trial
Fifth
Sixth Amendments
ACCA
found by a jury
Apprendi v. New Jersey
Justice Stevens
Apprendi v. New Jersey
United States District Court for the Southern District of Indiana

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