1047:. It has been said that the definition should be the subject of more debate. For instance, studies of hand hygiene compliance of physicians in an ICU show that compliance varied from 19% to 85%. The deaths that result from infections caught as a result of treatment providers improperly executing an appropriate method of care by not complying with known safety standards for hand hygiene are difficult to regard as innocent accidents or mistakes.
584:, in which error is defined as the difference between a set point and the process value. An example of this would be the thermostat in a home heating system β the operation of the heating equipment is controlled by the difference (the error) between the thermostat setting and the sensed air temperature. Another approach is related to considering a scientific hypothesis as true or false, giving birth to two types of errors:
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An 'error' is a deviation from accuracy or correctness. A 'mistake' is an error caused by a fault: the fault being misjudgment, carelessness, or forgetfulness. Now, say that I run a stop sign because I was in a hurry, and wasn't concentrating, and the police stop me, that is a mistake. If, however, I
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can be seen as a difference between a pair of analogous concepts in a servomechanism: the current state and the goal state. Later he suggested error can also be seen as an innovation or a contradiction depending on the context and perspective of interacting (observer) participants. The founder of
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keeps a careful eye on all potential errors, errors on U.S. coins are very few and usually very scarce. Examples of numismatic errors: extra metal attached to a coin, a clipped coin caused by the coin stamp machine stamping a second coin too early, double stamping of a coin. A coin that has been
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in relation to its frame, produced without any perforations on one or more sides when the normal stamps are perforated, or printed on the wrong type of paper. Legitimate errors must always be produced and sold unintentionally. Such errors may or may not be scarce or rare. A
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try to park in an area with conflicting signs, and I get a ticket because I was incorrect on my interpretation of what the signs meant, that would be an error. The first time it would be an error. The second time it would be a mistake since I should have known better.
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is a preventable adverse effect of care ("iatrogenesis"), whether or not it is evident or harmful to the patient. This might include an inaccurate or incomplete diagnosis or treatment of a disease, injury, syndrome, behavior, infection, or other ailment.
1257:
928:, as previous assumptions that used to exist at a senior intelligence level within senior intelligence agencies, but has since been disproven, and is sometimes eventually listed as unclassified, and therefore more available to the
944:"Intelligence errors are factual inaccuracies in analysis resulting from poor or missing data; intelligence failure is systemic organizational surprise resulting from incorrect, missing, discarded, or inadequate hypotheses."
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that exhibits a printing or production mistake that differentiates it from a normal specimen or from the intended result. Examples are stamps printed in the wrong color or missing one or more colors, printed with a vignette
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provides
American citizenry with a means to read intelligence reports that were mired in error. Per United States Central Intelligence Agency's website (as of August, 2008) intelligence error is described as:
488:. Actually revealing factual or social truth through words or body language, however, can commonly result in embarrassment or, when the gaffe has negative connotations, friction between people involved.
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345:.) Gaffes and faux pas can be labels for certain instances of this kind of error. More serious departures from social norms carry labels such as misbehavior and labels from the legal system, such as
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the norms or expectations for behavior or its consequences can be derived from the intention of the actor or from the expectations of other individuals or from a social grouping or from
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to avoid reinforcing dominant class value claims about what linguistic forms should and should not be used. One may distinguish various kinds of linguistic errors β some, such as
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to mathematical numerical values. Errors arise from a trade-off between efficiency (space and computation time) and precision, which is limited anyway, since (using common
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learner. Such errors result from the learner's lack of knowledge of the correct rules of the target language variety. A significant distinction is generally made between
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errors that may go unnoticed for years, until the right set of circumstances arises that cause them to become active. Other errors in engineered systems can arise due to
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chart (left) was erroneously printed as a result of "black layer" 180Β° misplacement. The corrected chart is on the right. (Note north is to the right on both charts.)
1011:) which are not treated the same from a linguistic viewpoint. The study of learners' errors has been the main area of investigation by linguists in the history of
697:) only a finite amount of values can be represented exactly. The discrepancy between the exact mathematical value and the stored/computed value is called the
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is not a "mistake" but rather a difference between a computed, estimated, or measured value and the accepted true, specified, or theoretically correct value.
411:(as in vernacular dialects), are considered legitimate speech in scholarly linguistics, but might be considered errors in prescriptivist contexts. See also
786:. Many of these mutations can be harmful, but unlike other types of errors, some are neutral or even beneficial. Mutations are an important force driving
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Hayward, Rodney A.; Hofer, Timothy P. (July 25, 2001). "Estimating
Hospital Deaths Due to Medical Errors: Preventability Is in the Eye of the Reviewer".
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453:. In this edition 'Judas' appears instead of 'Jesus' in Matthew 26:36. This copy has the misprint corrected by a slip of paper pasted over it.
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and may come from saying something that may be true but inappropriate. It may also be an erroneous attempt to reveal a truth. Gaffes can be
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may refer to a mistake in the design of the stamp, such as a mislabeled subject, even if there are no printing or production mistakes.
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in medicine is used as a label for nearly all of the clinical incidents that harm patients. Medical errors are often described as
588:. The first one is when a true hypothesis is considered false, while the second is the reverse (a false one is considered true).
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can be seen as the most general approach to error and its correction for the achievement of any goal. The term was suggested by
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in healthcare. Whether the label is a medical error or human error, one definition used in medicine says that it occurs when a
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Kopec, D.; Tamang, S.; Levy, K.; Eckhardt, R.; Shagas, G. (2006). "The state of the art in the reduction of medical errors".
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308:, "error" refers to the difference between the value which has been computed and the correct value. An error could result in
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engineering is often applied to designs in an attempt to minimize this type of error by making systems more forgiving or
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In science and engineering in general, an error is defined as a difference between the desired and actual performance or
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provider chooses an inappropriate method of care, improperly executes an appropriate method of care, or reads the wrong
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to describe a new science of control and information in the animal and the machine. Wiener's early work was on
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Sportswriters and journalists commonly use "gaffe" to refer to any kind of mistake, e.g. a dropped ball (
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There are many types of medical error, from minor to major, and causality is often poorly determined.
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Salemi C, Canola MT, Eck EK (January 2002). "Hand washing and physicians: how to get them together".
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A stock market error is a stock market transaction that was done due to an error, due to human
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The ISBN printed in the document (0-89894-030-5) is invalid, causing a checksum error
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that has a minting mistake, similar to errors found in philately. Because the U.S.
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Philosophers and psychologists interested in the nature of the gaffe include
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An individual language user's deviations from standard language norms in
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In applying corrections to the trajectory or course being steered,
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Robinson, P. "In the Matter of:The
Gatekeeper: The Gate Contracts"
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provides a variety of techniques to represent (store) and compute
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is said to occur when perfect fidelity is lost in the copying of
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Errors contained in reference books β Internet
Accuracy Project
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Within United States government intelligence agencies, such as
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there is a distinction between the "error" β the inaccuracy in
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According to a note in St Mary's Church, Totnes, Cornwall, UK
1071:β Error in chess that severely worsens the player's position
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There are many taxonomies for classifying medical errors.
870:. This may involve such mistakes as improper admission of
532:. The correct sign is depicted on the lower-right corner.
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of 1986, which caused a nuclear meltdown in the City of
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Journal of the
American Medical Informatics Association
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1326:"Medical error: Is the solution medical or cognitive?"
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overdated, e.g. 1942/41, is also considered an error.
790:. Mutations that make organisms more adapted to their
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Analytic
Culture in the U.S. Intelligence Community
201:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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862:, error typically refers to mistakes made by a
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1496:Studies in Health Technology and Informatics
139:. There might be a discussion about this on
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316:from the intended performance or behavior.
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105:Learn how and when to remove these messages
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741:, applied these ideas most notably in his
1416:Hofer, TP; Kerr, EA; Hayward, RA (2000).
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279:Learn how and when to remove this message
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610:. Such errors in a system can be latent
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32:This is an accepted version of this page
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391:distinctions, many feel that
383:are sometimes referred to as
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62:For other uses, see
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1418:"What is an error?"
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