543:
used this data to test two hypotheses on southeast Asian population history: One theory argues that the indigenous HĂČabĂŹnhian hunter-gatherers who populated
Southeast Asia from 44,000 years ago adopted agricultural practices independently, without the input from early farmers from East Asia. A second theory, referred to as the âtwo-layer modelâ, favours the view that migrating rice farmers from what is now China replaced the indigenous HĂČabĂŹnhian hunter-gatherers. They determined that neither interpretation fits the complexity of Southeast Asian history and that contemporary Southeast Asians have been influenced by at least four migration waves. The first wave is represented by HĂČabĂŹnhian hunter-gatherers who were closely genetically related to traditional hunter-gatherers in Malaysia, the Philippines, and the Andaman Islands (so-called ânegritosâ). The second wave derived from mainland China and brought with them farming economies such as rice 4000 years ago and mixed with the HĂČabĂŹnhians. These were followed by two additional migration waves; by 2 thousand years ago, Southeast Asian individuals carried additional East Asian ancestry components. One component likely represents the introduction of ancestral Kradai languages in Mainland southeast Asia, and another the Austronesian expansion reaching Indonesia by 2.1 thousand years ago and the Philippines by 1.8 thousand years ago. Among their genomes was also an ancient JĆmon genome from Japan that showed shared genetic history with the HĂČabĂŹnhians.
552:
Later they showed that westward-expanding Huns carried with them plague that was basal to the
Justinian plague, and are thus the likely source of this plague entering into Europe with the devastating consequence of killing millions as a result. In 2018 they published a large-scale study on ancient genomes of Hepatitis B (HBV). They found evidence of a long-term association of modern HBV genotypes with humans dating back at least 4,5 thousand years, which includes genotypes that are now extinct. They also found that in several cases, the geographical locations of the ancient genotypes do not match present-day distributions. Genotypes that today are typical of Africa and Asia, as well as a subgenotype from India, are shown to have an early Eurasian presence with humans, revealing a complexity of HBV evolution that is not evident when considering modern sequences alone.
402:
modelling and the archaeological record. They found that climate has been a major driver of population change over the past 50 thousand years. However, each species responded differently to the effects of climatic change and human contact. Climate change can explain the extinction the
Eurasian musk ox and woolly rhinoceros, while it is more likely that a combination of climate and humans was responsible for the extinction of Eurasian steppe bison and wild horse. The causes behind the extinction of the woolly mammoth were ambiguous. They did not find any genetic signature or any distinctive range dynamics distinguishing extinct (woolly mammoth and rhino) from surviving species (horse, musk ox, and reindeer), revealing the challenges associated with predicting future responses of extant mammals to climate and human-derived change to their habitats.
530:
descendants of the 24-thousand-year-old MaltĂĄ boy from
Siberia survived in Central Asia until at least 5 thousand years ago and were the occupants of Botai â an archaeological site in Kazakhstan holding the oldest evidence of horse domestication some 5-6 thousand years ago. They further showed that in contrast to Europe, early Bronze Age expansion of Yamnaya into Asia had limited genetic and linguistic impact in either Central Asia or in South Asia, contrary to earlier claims by the Reich group from Harvard. The paper thereby challenges the so-called âSteppe Hypothesisâ for early spread of the Indo-European languages that seem to explain the early expansion of Indo-European languages into Europe but not Asia. The latter is argued to have happened by later Bronze groups, such as the Sintashta, and reaching all the way to India and Pakistan.
534:
ethnicities of
European and Asian origins despite its highly uniform culture. Later, Scythians admixed and were replaced by steppe nomads from the east coming out of the Xiongnu confederations of Mongolia and China, including the westward-expanding Huns (fourthâfifth century AD). These were later admixed and replaced by expanding East Asian groups including Genghis Khan in the Medieval period. Accordingly, the events transformed the Eurasian steppes from being inhabited by Indo-European speakers of largely West Eurasian ancestry to the mostly Turkic-speaking groups of the present day, who are primarily of East Asian ancestry. According to Willerslev, this was all due to the long-distance traveling enabled by domestication of the horse.
411:
Saqqaq peoples represent a migration from
Siberia to the Americas that is separate from that of Native American and Inuit ancestors. In 2014 his team showed that all paleoeskimos in the New World representing several distinct cultures all belonged to the same population as the Saqqaq man and that they lived in genetic isolation from Native Americans for almost 5,000 years before they died out some 700 years ago. This was the first genetic evidence for cultural change happening in isolation through the spread of ideas within a population rather than through meetings between different groups of peoples as seen e.g. during the European Neolithisation.
517:
his team undertook the first large scale past population genomic study reporting more than 100 ancient genomes from Bronze Age Europe and Asia. They found that lactose tolerance that is common in northern Europe today was not common even as late as 2,000 years ago. They also found evidence for major population movements and replacements in both Europe and Asia during the Bronze Age time and that significant parts of contemporary
European and Asian genetic diversity were created during this period. They later showed that plague was a likely driver of Bronze Age population dynamics, which as of 2015 is the oldest genomes of
645:"Something similar happened to me when I shot a bear in Siberia. The tradition there is that you pin the bear's head high up in a tree, overlooking where the bear had its hunting grounds. I refused and instead took the bear's head with me home as a trophy. Back home, everything started to go wrong for me, and I suffered terrible nightmares. In Siberia the trappers had told me, if I didn't hang up the head as required, all the bears in the world would know about it and hate me for it. I then took a trip to our summer house in Sweden and pinned up the bear's head in a tree there, and the nightmares stopped."
330:), where he carries the name ChiitdeeXiaâssee (Well Known Scout). In 2015 Willerslev took up the Prince Philip Chair in Ecology and Evolution at the Department of Zoology at University of Cambridge. Willerslev is a Foreign Associate Member of The National Academy of Sciences (USA), elected member of the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters, and an Honorary Doctor at both University of Oslo and University of Tartu, Estonia. He also holds the Order of the Dannebrog (issued by her Majesty Queen Margrethe II of Denmark). He has been a visiting professor at Oxford University, UK, and a
690:
2333:
Gilbert, MTP; Lund, O; Wesolowska, A; Karmin, M; Weiner, LA; Wang, B; Li, J; Tai, S; Xiao, F; Hanihara, T; van Driem, G; Jha, AR; Ricaut, F-X; de Knijff, P; Migliano, AB; Gallego-Romero, I; Kristiansen, K; Lambert, DM; Brunak, S; Forster, P; Brinkmann, B; Nehlich, O; Bunce, M; Richards, M; Gupta, R; Bustamante, C; Krogh, A; Foley, RA; Lahr, MM; Balloux, F; Sicheritz-Pontén, T; Villems, R; Nielsen, R; Jun, W; Willerslev, E (2012).
386:
bison, to an open populous-dominated forest inhabited by elk, and ending as the conifer forest with species like moose we see today. They also claim the interior Ice-Free
Corridor is not the first route for early Americans moving south to lower North America from Alaska, given that it first became viable for human occupation at 12.6 thousand years ago, i.e., after Clovis and pre-Clovis occupation was seen in the lower 48 states.
370:) ancient as well as modern. He later showed that environmental DNA can also be obtained from a variety of settings including basal ice and revealed a forested Greenland some 400,000 years ago, questioning if southern Greenland was ice free during the last interglacial. His team has also used environmental DNA to reveal forested refugia in Scandinavia during the last interglacial, and that
1859:
Vogt, Josef; Szklarczyk, Damian; Kelstrup, Christian D; Vinther, Jakob; Dolocan, Andrei; Stenderup, Jesper; Velazquez, Amhed M. V; Cahill, James; Rasmussen, Morten; Wang, Xiaoli; Min, Jiumeng; Zazula, Grant D; Seguin-Orlando, Andaine; Mortensen, Cecilie; et al. (2013). "Recalibrating Equus evolution using the genome sequence of an early Middle
Pleistocene horse".
2667:
Afanasiev, Gennady; Akmatov, Kunbolot; Aldashev, Almaz; Alpaslan, Ashyk; Baimbetov, Gabit; Bazaliiskii, Vladimir I; Beisenov, Arman; Boldbaatar, Bazartseren; Boldgiv, Bazartseren; Dorzhu, Choduraa; Ellingvag, Sturla; Erdenebaatar, Diimaajav; Dajani, Rana; Dmitriev, Evgeniy; et al. (2018). "137 ancient human genomes from across the
Eurasian steppes".
40:
2755:
Mokhtar; Allentoft, Morten E; Sato, Takehiro; Malaspinas, Anna-Sapfo; Aghakhanian, Farhang A; Korneliussen, Thorfinn; Prohaska, Ana; Margaryan, Ashot; De Barros Damgaard, Peter; Kaewsutthi, Supannee; Lertrit, Patcharee; Nguyen, Thi Mai Huong; Hung, Hsiao-Chun; Minh Tran, Thi; Nghia Truong, Huu; et al. (2018).
1504:
Haile, James; Froese, Duane G; MacPhee, Ross D. E; Roberts, Richard G; Arnold, Lee J; Reyes, Alberto V; Rasmussen, Morten; Nielsen, Rasmus; Brook, Barry W; Robinson, Simon; Demuro, Martina; Gilbert, M. Thomas P; Munch, Kasper; Austin, Jeremy J; Cooper, Alan; Barnes, Ian; Möller, Per; Willerslev, Eske
1430:
Willerslev, Eske; Davison, John; Moora, Mari; Zobel, Martin; Coissac, Eric; Edwards, Mary E; Lorenzen, Eline D; VestergÄrd, Mette; Gussarova, Galina; Haile, James; Craine, Joseph; Gielly, Ludovic; Boessenkool, Sanne; Epp, Laura S; Pearman, Peter B; Cheddadi, Rachid; Murray, David; BrÄthen, Kari Anne;
1270:
Willerslev, E.; Cappellini, E.; Boomsma, W.; Nielsen, R.; Hebsgaard, M. B.; Brand, T. B.; Hofreiter, M.; Bunce, M.; Poinar, H. N.; Dahl-Jensen, D.; Johnsen, S.; Steffensen, J. P.; Bennike, O.; Schwenninger; Nathan, R.; Armitage, S.; Hoog, De; Alfimov, V.; Christl, M.; Beer, J.; Muscheler, R.; Barker,
542:
In 2018 Willerslev lead an international research team sequencing 26 ancient human genome sequences from across Southeast Asia, some dating back 8 thousand years, 4 thousand years earlier than previous sequences from the region. This was made possible by a modified whole genome capture approach. They
467:
It has been discussed how the first people migrated into the Americas from Siberia. Two theories dominated: 1) People migrated through an ice-free corridor between the ice masses which around the end of the last ice age covered large areas of North America. 2) People migrated along the Pacific coast.
3078:
van der Valk, T; PeÄnerovĂĄ, P; DĂez-Del-Molino, D; Bergström, A; Oppenheimer, J; Hartmann, S; Xenikoudakis, G; Thomas, JA; Dehasque, M; SaÄlıcan, E; Fidan, FR; Barnes, I; Liu, S; Somel, M; Heintzman, PD; Nikolskiy, P; Shapiro, B; Skoglund, P; Hofreiter, M; Lister, AM; Götherström, A; DalĂ©n, L (March
1858:
Orlando, Ludovic; Ginolhac, Aurélien; Zhang, Guojie; Froese, Duane; Albrechtsen, Anders; Stiller, Mathias; Schubert, Mikkel; Cappellini, Enrico; Petersen, Bent; Moltke, Ida; Johnson, Philip L. F; Fumagalli, Matteo; Vilstrup, Julia T; Raghavan, Maanasa; Korneliussen, Thorfinn; Malaspinas, Anna-Sapfo;
1567:
Lorenzen, Eline D; Nogués-Bravo, David; Orlando, Ludovic; Weinstock, Jaco; Binladen, Jonas; Marske, Katharine A; Ugan, Andrew; Borregaard, Michael K; Gilbert, M. Thomas P; Nielsen, Rasmus; Ho, Simon Y. W; Goebel, Ted; Graf, Kelly E; Byers, David; Stenderup, Jesper T; Rasmussen, Morten; Campos, Paula
476:
the initial split between East Asians and Native Americans happened around 36 thousand years ago, with gene flow persisting until around 25 thousand years ago, likely when this group entered the Americas from Siberia. # Gene flow from the MaltĂĄ-like ancestor in Siberia into all Native Americans took
2891:
MĂŒhlemann, Barbara; Jones, Terry C; Damgaard, Peter de Barros; Allentoft, Morten E; Shevnina, Irina; Logvin, Andrey; Usmanova, Emma; Panyushkina, Irina P; Boldgiv, Bazartseren; Bazartseren, Tsevel; Tashbaeva, Kadicha; Merz, Victor; Lau, Nina; SmrÄka, VĂĄclav; Voyakin, Dmitry; Kitov, Egor; Epimakhov,
2076:
Rasmussen, M.; Anzick, S. L.; Waters, M. R.; Skoglund, P.; DeGiorgio, M.; Stafford, T. W.; Rasmussen, S.; Moltke, I.; Albrechtsen, A.; Doyle, S. M.; Poznik, G. D.; Gudmundsdottir, V.; Yadav, R.; Malaspinas, A. S.; White, S. S.; Allentoft, M. E.; Cornejo, O. E.; Tambets, K.; Eriksson, A.; Heintzman,
1797:
Rasmussen, Morten; Li, Yingrui; Lindgreen, Stinus; Pedersen, Jakob Skou; Albrechtsen, Anders; Moltke, Ida; Metspalu, Mait; Metspalu, Ene; Kivisild, Toomas; Gupta, Ramneek; Bertalan, Marcelo; Nielsen, Kasper; Gilbert, M. Thomas P; Wang, Yong; Raghavan, Maanasa; Campos, Paula F; Kamp, Hanne Munkholm;
516:
Willerslev's team sequenced the genome of one of the earliest anatomically modern humans from Europe, Kostenki 14 from Russia, dated to be between 36-38,000 years old. The results show that most of the major genetic components present in Europeans today were present in Europe from early on. In 2014
471:
In 2018, the Willerslev team found a new group of peoples in the Americas that they termed âAncient Beringiansâ â the earliest group of Native Americans to have diversified. This was done through sequencing the genome of an 11.5-thousand-year-old skeleton from Upward Sun River (USR) in Alaska. From
385:
In 2017 Willerslev's team was the first to apply a metagenomic approach to environmental DNA, reconstructing the biological succession of North America's interior Ice-Free Corridor. Environmental DNA analyses showed the Ice-Free Corridor's transition from being a steppe environment with mammoth and
2754:
McColl, Hugh; Racimo, Fernando; Vinner, Lasse; Demeter, Fabrice; Gakuhari, Takashi; Moreno-Mayar, J. VĂctor; Van Driem, George; Gram Wilken, Uffe; Seguin-Orlando, Andaine; de la Fuente Castro, Constanza; Wasef, Sally; Shoocongdej, Rasmi; Souksavatdy, Viengkeo; Sayavongkhamdy, Thongsa; Saidin, Mohd
401:
Willerslev lead the team that published in 2011 a large-scale genetic study on the population dynamics of six Late Pleistocene megafaunal species across the northern hemisphere: woolly mammoth, woolly rhinoceros, horse, reindeer, muskox, and reindeer, coupling their genetic data with climate niche
2261:
Moreno-Mayar, J. VĂctor; Potter, Ben A; Vinner, Lasse; SteinrĂŒcken, Matthias; Rasmussen, Simon; Terhorst, Jonathan; Kamm, John A; Albrechtsen, Anders; Malaspinas, Anna-Sapfo; Sikora, Martin; Reuther, Joshua D; Irish, Joel D; Malhi, Ripan S; Orlando, Ludovic; Song, Yun S; Nielsen, Rasmus; Meltzer,
551:
Willerslev's team has been the first to conduct large scale genome sequencing of ancient pathogens. In 2015 they showed that plague was a likely driver of Bronze Age population dynamics, which as of 2015 represents the oldest genomes of Yersinia pestis (the etiological agent of plague) reported.
504:
In 2011 Willerslev's team sequenced the first Aboriginal Australian genome from an historically ancient tuft of hair. The study revealed that Aboriginal Australians diversified from the Africans some 20-30 thousand years prior to the evolutionary split between Europeans and Asians. Secondary gene
2613:
De Barros Damgaard, Peter; Martiniano, Rui; Kamm, Jack; Moreno-Mayar, J. VĂctor; Kroonen, Guus; Peyrot, MichaĂ«l; Barjamovic, Gojko; Rasmussen, Simon; Zacho, Claus; Baimukhanov, Nurbol; Zaibert, Victor; Merz, Victor; Biddanda, Arjun; Merz, Ilja; Loman, Valeriy; Evdokimov, Valeriy; Usmanova, Emma;
2560:
Rasmussen, Simon; Allentoft, Morten Erik; Nielsen, Kasper; Orlando, Ludovic; Sikora, Martin; Sjögren, Karl-Göran; Pedersen, Anders Gorm; Schubert, Mikkel; Van Dam, Alex; Kapel, Christian Moliin Outzen; Nielsen, Henrik BjÞrn; Brunak, SÞren; Avetisyan, Pavel; Epimakhov, Andrey; Khalyapin, Mikhail
2489:
Allentoft, Morten E; Sikora, Martin; Sjögren, Karl-Göran; Rasmussen, Simon; Rasmussen, Morten; Stenderup, Jesper; Damgaard, Peter B; Schroeder, Hannes; Ahlström, Torbjörn; Vinner, Lasse; Malaspinas, Anna-Sapfo; Margaryan, Ashot; Higham, Tom; Chivall, David; Lynnerup, Niels; Harvig, Lise; Baron,
410:
In 2010, a team led by Willerslev sequenced the genome of a 4,000-year-old man from the Saqqaq culture of Greenland from his hair. This was the first ancient human genome to be sequenced. The DNA obtained from the hair was fragmented into an average size of 55 base pairs. They revealed that the
2018:
Raghavan, Maanasa; Skoglund, Pontus; Graf, Kelly E; Metspalu, Mait; Albrechtsen, Anders; Moltke, Ida; Rasmussen, Simon; Stafford Jr, Thomas W; Orlando, Ludovic; Metspalu, Ene; Karmin, Monika; Tambets, Kristiina; Rootsi, Siiri; MĂ€gi, Reedik; Campos, Paula F; Balanovska, Elena; Balanovsky, Oleg;
533:
The accompanying Nature paper is based on 137 ancient human genomes of the Eurasian steppe mainly from the time following the Bronze Age. They find the genetics of the mounted Scythian groups that dominated the Eurasian steppes throughout the Iron Age were highly diverse, consisting of several
2332:
Rasmussen, M; Guo, X; Wang, Y; Lohmueller, KE; Rasmussen, S; Albrechtsen, A; Skotte, L; Lindgreen, S; Metspalu, M; Jombart, T; Kivisild, T; Zhai, W; Eriksson, A; Manica, A; Orlando, L; De La, Vega F; Tridico, S; Metspalu, E; Nielsen, K; Ăvila-Arcos, MC; Moreno-Mayar, JV; Muller, C; Dortch, J;
529:
In 2018, Willerslev and colleges published 2 papers in Nature and Science the same day addressing the population history of Central and Southern Asia. The Science paper deals with the spread of the Bronze Age pastoralists, such as Yamnaya and the peoples they met in Asia. They could show that
2666:
Damgaard, Peter de Barros; Marchi, Nina; Rasmussen, Simon; Peyrot, MichaĂ«l; Renaud, Gabriel; Korneliussen, Thorfinn; Moreno-Mayar, J. VĂctor; Pedersen, Mikkel Winther; Goldberg, Amy; Usmanova, Emma; Baimukhanov, Nurbol; Loman, Valeriy; Hedeager, Lotte; Pedersen, Anders Gorm; Nielsen, Kasper;
1629:
Pedersen, Mikkel W; Ruter, Anthony; Schweger, Charles; Friebe, Harvey; Staff, Richard A; Kjeldsen, Kristian K; Mendoza, Marie L. Z; Beaudoin, Alwynne B; Zutter, Cynthia; Larsen, Nicolaj K; Potter, Ben A; Nielsen, Rasmus; Rainville, Rebecca A; Orlando, Ludovic; Meltzer, David J; KjĂŠr, Kurt H;
2959:
Overballe-Petersen, S.; Harms, K.; Orlando, L. A. A.; Mayar, J. V. M.; Rasmussen, S.; Dahl, T. W.; Rosing, M. T.; Poole, A. M.; Sicheritz-Ponten, T.; Brunak, S.; Inselmann, S.; De Vries, J.; Wackernagel, W.; Pybus, O. G.; Nielsen, R.; Johnsen, P. J.; Nielsen, K. M.; Willerslev, E. (2013).
2421:
Seguin-Orlando, A; Korneliussen, T. S; Sikora, M; Malaspinas, A.-S; Manica, A; Moltke, I; Albrechtsen, A; Ko, A; Margaryan, A; Moiseyev, V; Goebel, T; Westaway, M; Lambert, D; Khartanovich, V; Wall, J. D; Nigst, P. R; Foley, R. A; Lahr, M. M; Nielsen, R; Orlando, L; Willerslev, E (2014).
1126:
Eske Willerslev har en imponerende rÊkke af formidlingssucceser i offentligheden bag sig kombineret med en enestÄende tour-de-force gennem universitetsverdenen Begge har beriget Danmark med formidling af hÞjeste karat og Danske Videnskabsjournalister er stolte af at kunne hÊdre de to
365:
During his MSc project Willerslev and colleagues were the first to obtain ancient DNA directly from ice cores. Later, Willerslev and his team expanded on this approach and was the first to show that DNA from plants, mammals and birds can be obtained directly from environmental samples
2172:
Rasmussen, M; Sikora, M; Albrechtsen, A; Korneliussen, TS; Moreno-Mayar, JV; Poznik, GD; Zollikofer, CPE; Ponce; de LeĂłn, MS; Allentoft, ME; Moltke, I; JĂłnsson, H; Valdiosera, C; Malhi, RS; Orlando, L; Bustamante, CD; Stafford Jr, T; Meltzer, DJ; Nielsen, R; Willerslev, Eske (2015).
464:, a ca. 8,500 year old skeleton whose origin have been heavily debated. The DNA analyses showed Kennewick to be more closely related to Native Americans than to any other contemporary groups and rejecting claims of Kennewick Man being closely related to Japanese Ainu or Europeans.
2561:
Viktorovich; Gnuni, Artak; Kriiska, Aivar; Lasak, Irena; Metspalu, Mait; Moiseyev, Vyacheslav; Gromov, Andrei; Pokutta, Dalia; Saag, Lehti; Varul, Liivi; Yepiskoposyan, Levon; Sicheritz-Pontén, Thomas; Foley, Robert A; Lahr, Marta Mirazón; Nielsen, Rasmus; et al. (2015).
1961:
Gilbert, M. T. P.; Jenkins, D. L.; Gotherstrom, A.; Naveran, N.; Sanchez, J. J.; Hofreiter, M.; Thomsen, P. F.; Binladen, J.; Higham, T. F. G.; Yohe, R. M.; Parr, R.; Cummings, L. S.; Willerslev, E. (2008). "DNA from Pre-Clovis Human Coprolites in Oregon, North America".
636:
Willerslev's father was fiercely atheist. However, influenced by numerous experiences living with native people, Willerslev came to respect, and to some extent believe, in supernatural powers unknown to science. Such experiences included encounters with descendants of
560:
Willerslev also led a study showing that living bacteria can take up ancient DNA by natural transformation allowing for genomic recycling of ancient genetic traits, and another study showing the survival of bacteria cells in permafrost for about 1/2 million years.
632:
His father's education of Eske and his brother was rather authoritarian, and included frequent physical challenges, such as obstacle paths and swimming in ice water, already at the age of six. His father thought this would help them to become hardy later in life.
573:
Willerslev appears regularly in media such as magazines, newspapers, radio and TV when discussions turn to human evolution, migration, and the role of science in society. He and his staff at the Centre for GeoGenetics have participated in documentaries including
480:
That Ancient Beringians diversified from other Native Americans some 22â18.1âthousand years ago and are thus basal to the northern and southern Native American branches that diversified around 17.5â14.6-11.5 thousand years and to which all other Native Americans
2019:
Khusnutdinova, Elza; Litvinov, Sergey; Osipova, Ludmila P; Fedorova, Sardana A; Voevoda, Mikhail I; Degiorgio, Michael; Sicheritz-Ponten, Thomas; Brunak, SĂžren; Demeshchenko, Svetlana; Kivisild, Toomas; Villems, Richard; Nielsen, Rasmus; et al. (2013).
2614:
Hemphill, Brian; Seguin-Orlando, Andaine; Yediay, Fulya Eylem; Ullah, Inam; Sjögren, Karl-Göran; Iversen, Katrine HÞjholt; Choin, Jeremy; de la Fuente, Constanza; Ilardo, Melissa; Schroeder, Hannes; Moiseyev, Vyacheslav; Gromov, Andrey; et al. (2018).
649:
At the age of 32, he became baptized as Christian, although he declares himself as "religious, but not Christian". Willerslev married Ulrikke Ji Mee Willerslev in 2007. They have the sons Rasken Willerslev and Bror Willerslev. The family lives in
2892:
Andrey; Pokutta, Dalia; Vicze, Magdolna; Price, T. Douglas; Moiseyev, Vyacheslav; Hansen, Anders J; Orlando, Ludovic; Rasmussen, Simon; Sikora, Martin; Vinner, Lasse; Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E; Smith, Derek J; Glebe, Dieter; et al. (2018).
468:
In a paper in the scientific journal Nature in 2016 Willerslev and co-authors showed that this ice-free corridor could not sustain humans until much later thereby making it most likely that the early Americans migrated along the Pacific coast.
2490:
Justyna; Casa, Philippe Della; DÄ
browski, PaweĆ; Duffy, Paul R; Ebel, Alexander V; Epimakhov, Andrey; Frei, Karin; Furmanek, MirosĆaw; Gralak, Tomasz; Gromov, Andrey; Gronkiewicz, StanisĆaw; Grupe, Gisela; Hajdu, TamĂĄs; et al. (2015).
564:
Willerslev and collaborators have sequenced the genome of a 700,000-year-old horse from Yukon in Canada, which as of 2016 was the oldest genome ever sequenced, until the publication of a million-year-old mammoth genome in 2021.
1375:
Parducci, L; Matetovici, I; Fontana, SL; Bennett, KD; Suyama, Y; Haile, J; KjĂŠr, KH; Larsen, NK; Drouzas, AD; Willerslev, E (2013). "Molecular and pollen-based vegetation analysis in lake sediments from central Scandinavia".
381:
and Impact hypotheses for megafauna extinction. They also clarified the importance of climate change as a driver of megafauna population dynamics, and the decline of protein rich forbs during the Pleistocene extinctions.
2239:
1431:
Yoccoz, Nigel; Binney, Heather; Cruaud, Corinne; Wincker, Patrick; Goslar, Tomasz; Alsos, Inger Greve; Bellemain, Eva; Brysting, Anne Krag; Elven, Reidar; SĂžnstebĂž, JĂžrn Henrik; Murton, Julian; et al. (2014).
495:
Their findings finally suggest that the far-northern North American presence of northern Native Americans is from a back migration that replaced or absorbed the initial founding population of âAncient Beringiansâ.
345:, the RosenkjĂŠr Award and the Genius Award (Geniusprisen) of Danish Science journalists for "an impressive array of research successes in the public eye, combined with a unique tour-de-force through university".
187:
1798:
Wilson, Andrew S; Gledhill, Andrew; Tridico, Silvana; Bunce, Michael; Lorenzen, Eline D; Binladen, Jonas; Guo, Xiaosen; Zhao, Jing; Zhang, Xiuqing; Zhang, Hao; Li, Zhuo; Chen, Minfeng; et al. (2010).
3309:
1026:
2818:
377:
Using environmental DNA, Willerslev and collaborators estimated that woolly mammoth in mainland Alaska survived more than 3,500 years earlier than previously thought, thereby dismissing the
1004:
3019:
Johnson, SS; Hebsgaard, MB; Christensen, T; Mastepanov, M; Nielsen, R; Munch, K; Brand, TB. Gilbert MTP; Zuber, MT; Bunce, M; RĂžnn, R; Gilichinsky, D; Froese, D; Willerslev, E. (2007).
3294:
3236:
872:
3284:
2231:
235:
notable for his pioneering work in molecular anthropology, palaeontology, and ecology. He currently holds the Prince Philip Professorship in Ecology and Evolution at
374:
rather than grasses were dominating the steppe environments of the northern hemisphere during the Pleistocene and were an important food source for the megafauna.
734:
393:
in Greenland that indicated that the region once had a forested ecosystem with a wide variety of animal life. They published their results in December 2022.
2937:
2391:
3304:
1030:
3168:
1568:
F; Leonard, Jennifer A; Koepfli, Klaus-Peter; Froese, Duane; Zazula, Grant; Stafford, Thomas W; Aaris-SĂžrensen, Kim; Batra, Persaram; Haywood, Alan M;
484:
That after 11.5âthousand years, some of the northern Native American populations received gene flow from a Siberian population more closely related to
2814:
3289:
1675:
1060:
3279:
926:
1000:
2310:
326:
Fellow, and became full professor at Copenhagen University at the age of 33. In 2014, he became an adopted member of the Crow Tribe in Montana (
491:
That Native American gene flow into Inuit was through northern and not southern Native American groups as previously argued by the Reich group.
952:
2077:
P. D.; Karmin, M.; Korneliussen, T. S.; Meltzer, D. J.; Pierre, T. L.; Stenderup, J.; Saag, L.; Warmuth, V. M.; Lopes, M. C.; Malhi, R. S.;
978:
430:
In 2013 his team discovered a genetic link between western Eurasians and Native Americans by sequencing the genome of the 24,000-year-old
434:
from central Siberia, showing that all contemporary Native Americans carry approximately 1/3 of their genome from the Malâta population.
3314:
3299:
756:
1479:
174:
3228:
864:
508:
This study was followed up with a new study in 2016 in the journal Nature about the genetic history of the Australian Aboriginals.
3274:
2467:
453:. The skeleton of the boy was later reburied through the support of Willerslev, and this event facilitated his adoption into the
3201:
349:
252:
248:
2732:
2263:
1113:
294:
in the early 1990s with his twin brother, collecting ethnographic materials and megafauna skeleton remains that are stored at
1083:
2535:
851:
724:
256:
3229:"Eske Willerslev: Derfor er videnskab og magi ikke modsĂŠtninger (That is why science and magic are not contradictions)"
378:
431:
620:
587:
2081:; Sicheritz-Ponten, T.; Barnes, I.; Collins, M.; Orlando, L.; Balloux, F.; Manica, A.; Gupta, R.; Metspalu, M.;
2399:
2146:
450:
240:
162:
87:
279:
north of Copenhagen as the son of the historian Richard Willerslev and teacher Lona Loell Willerslev, and as
390:
264:
236:
166:
1697:
Callaway, Ewen (15 December 2022). "Oldest-ever DNA shows mastodons roamed Greenland 2 million years ago".
3269:
423:
in Oregon showing human presence in North America more than 14,000 years ago and some 1000 years prior to
389:
Willerslev and his team obtained and identified two-million-year-old environmental DNA sequences from the
260:
244:
108:
1631:
1052:
705:
3145:
918:
3264:
3092:
3032:
2973:
2905:
2849:
2768:
2676:
2503:
2435:
2346:
2278:
2186:
2102:
2082:
2032:
1971:
1868:
1811:
1706:
1643:
1585:
1518:
1447:
1385:
1288:
1226:
1163:
796:
319:
232:
170:
602:
338:
298:
in Denmark (the largest Siberian ethnographical collection in Denmark). Willerslev also lived as a
139:
2815:"Ancient DNA testing solves 100-year-old controversy in Southeast Asian prehistory | StJohns"
948:
2929:
2873:
2710:
2527:
2459:
2302:
1995:
1943:
1892:
1667:
1471:
1409:
1357:
1252:
974:
820:
729:
607:
207:
337:
He has received several awards including the Antiquity Prize for the best paper in the journal
3118:
3060:
3001:
2921:
2865:
2796:
2702:
2645:
2592:
2519:
2451:
2372:
2294:
2212:
2128:
2058:
1987:
1935:
1916:
1884:
1837:
1730:
1722:
1659:
1611:
1546:
1463:
1401:
1349:
1314:
1275:; Haile, J.; Taberlet, P.; Gilbert, M. T. P.; Casoli, A.; Campani, E.; Collins, M. J. (2007).
1244:
1191:
899:
505:
flow has resulted in Aboriginal Australians being closer related to Asians than to Europeans.
367:
307:
306:
from 1993 to 1994. Willerslev handed in his PhD thesis as a doctoral thesis and obtained his
149:
764:
3108:
3100:
3050:
3040:
2991:
2981:
2913:
2857:
2786:
2776:
2692:
2684:
2635:
2627:
2582:
2574:
2511:
2443:
2362:
2354:
2286:
2202:
2194:
2118:
2110:
2048:
2040:
1979:
1925:
1876:
1827:
1819:
1779:
1714:
1651:
1601:
1593:
1536:
1526:
1455:
1432:
1393:
1341:
1304:
1296:
1234:
1181:
1171:
446:
342:
331:
295:
103:
2264:"Terminal Pleistocene Alaskan genome reveals first founding population of Native Americans"
1209:
Willerslev, E.; Hansen, Anders J.; Binladen, Jonas; Brand, Tina B.; Gilbert, M. Thomas P.;
1910:
Raghavan, Maanasa; DeGiorgio, Michael; Albrechtsen, Anders; et al. (29 August 2014).
1001:"Ancient and environmental DNA studies â Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis"
284:
98:
20:
2893:
2078:
689:
681:
477:
place 25â20âthousand years ago, i.e., just around the time of entrance into the Americas.
445:
and found it to be ancestral to many contemporary Native Americans thereby rejecting the
3096:
3036:
2977:
2909:
2853:
2772:
2680:
2616:"The first horse herders and the impact of early Bronze Age steppe expansions into Asia"
2507:
2439:
2350:
2282:
2232:"Textbook story of how humans populated America is "biologically unviable", study finds"
2190:
2106:
2036:
1975:
1872:
1815:
1749:
1710:
1647:
1589:
1522:
1451:
1389:
1292:
1230:
1167:
3113:
3080:
3055:
3020:
2996:
2961:
2640:
2615:
2587:
2562:
2367:
2334:
2207:
2174:
2123:
2090:
2053:
2020:
1832:
1799:
1606:
1573:
1569:
1541:
1506:
1309:
1276:
1272:
685:
651:
438:
424:
323:
303:
280:
2423:
3258:
2463:
2091:"The genome of a Late Pleistocene human from a Clovis burial site in western Montana"
1186:
1151:
461:
420:
3193:
2933:
2877:
2714:
1999:
1361:
701:
2728:
2531:
2306:
1896:
1671:
1475:
1256:
1210:
1109:
638:
1947:
1413:
1215:"Diverse Plant and Animal Genetic Records from Holocene and Pleistocene Sediments"
1087:
1345:
1150:
Willerslev, E; Hansen, AJ; Christensen, B; Steffensen, JP; Arctander, P (1999).
720:
454:
327:
299:
144:
3104:
2578:
2491:
1718:
1574:"Species-specific responses of Late Quaternary megafauna to climate and humans"
1277:"Ancient Biomolecules from Deep Ice Cores Reveal a Forested Southern Greenland"
834:
Fra pelsjĂŠger til professor - en personlig rejse gennem fortidens dna-mysterier
2917:
2688:
2021:"Upper Palaeolithic Siberian genome reveals dual ancestry of Native Americans"
1332:
Curry, A (2007). "PROFILE: ESKE WILLERSLEV: Ancient DNA's Intrepid Explorer".
2335:"An Aboriginal Australian genome reveals separate human dispersals into Asia"
1726:
1632:"Postglacial viability and colonization in North America's ice-free corridor"
1213:; Bunce, Michael; Wiuf, Carsten; Gilichinsky, David A.; Cooper, Alan (2003).
903:
3045:
2986:
2861:
2781:
2756:
2631:
2447:
2358:
1983:
1930:
1911:
1531:
1300:
1239:
1214:
1176:
896:
Recovery and analysis of ancient DNA from ice, sediments, and fossil remains
188:
Recovery and analysis of ancient DNA from ice, sediments, and fossil remains
129:
3122:
3064:
3005:
2925:
2869:
2800:
2706:
2649:
2596:
2523:
2455:
2376:
2298:
2216:
2132:
2062:
1991:
1939:
1888:
1841:
1734:
1663:
1615:
1550:
1507:"Ancient DNA reveals late survival of mammoth and horse in interior Alaska"
1467:
1405:
1353:
1318:
1248:
1195:
1783:
1572:; Valdes, Paul J; Boeskorov, Gennady; Burns, James A; et al. (2011).
1138:
442:
276:
134:
66:
2894:"Ancient hepatitis B viruses from the Bronze Age to the Medieval period"
2791:
2697:
2515:
2290:
2198:
2114:
2044:
1880:
1823:
1655:
1597:
1459:
488:
than to Palaeo-Eskimos, Inuit, or Kets as has previously been suggested.
2962:"Bacterial natural transformation by highly fragmented and damaged DNA"
2563:"Early Divergent Strains of Yersinia pestis in Eurasia 5,000 Years Ago"
800:
485:
291:
77:
39:
1397:
3081:"Million-year-old DNA sheds light on the genomic history of mammoths"
181:
1774:
Callaway, Ewen (2011). "How mammoths lost the extinction lottery".
2424:"Genomic structure in Europeans dating back at least 36,200 years"
371:
290:
Before becoming a scientist Willerslev led several expeditions in
2840:
Bellwood, Peter (2018). "The search for ancient DNA heads east".
1433:"Fifty thousand years of Arctic vegetation and megafaunal diet"
239:, UK and the Lundbeck Foundation Professorship in Evolution at
3137:
419:
In 2008 Willerslev led the DNA study on coprolites from the
1800:"Ancient human genome sequence of an extinct Palaeo-Eskimo"
3170:'Hunt for the Oldest DNA' Review: Clues of Long-Gone Life
787:
Historien om det hele - fortĂŠllinger om magi og videnskab
341:
in 2009, the Danish Independent Research Council's Major
1152:"Diversity of Holocene life-forms in fossil glacier ice"
3310:
Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences
908:
pp. 1â346, HCĂ tryk, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
460:
In 2015 Willerslev's team sequenced the genome of the
1750:"Oldest DNA reveals two-million-year-old lost world"
605:). In 2016 he was featured in a profile article in
202:
180:
158:
122:
94:
83:
73:
49:
30:
614:Willerslev's work is featured in the documentary
310:(DSc) degree from Copenhagen University in 2004.
2175:"The ancestry and affiliations of Kennewick Man"
1912:"The genetic prehistory of the New World Arctic"
2966:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
2729:"Invasion aus der Steppe â DER SPIEGEL 2018/20"
2661:
2659:
2608:
2606:
2392:"The genetic history of Aboriginal Australians"
2013:
2011:
2009:
1853:
1851:
1562:
1560:
1511:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
1425:
1423:
865:"Det begyndte med en drĂžm om at blive indianer"
725:"Eske Willerslev Is Rewriting History With DNA"
3295:Academic staff of the University of Copenhagen
3021:"Ancient bacteria show evidence of DNA repair"
2147:"For Crow-indianerne er han »Well-known Wolf«"
919:"For Crow-indianerne er han "Well-known Wolf""
2555:
2553:
763:(in Danish). 12 December 2017. Archived from
8:
2757:"The prehistoric peopling of Southeast Asia"
1084:"DNA-forsker Eske Willerslev fik hĂŠderspris"
521:(the etiological agent of plague) reported.
2492:"Population genomics of Bronze Age Eurasia"
785:Kristian Leth and Eske Willerslev (2016): "
406:First sequencing of an ancient human genome
255:. Willerslev is a foreign associate of the
813:Eske Willerslev - Han gĂžr det dĂžde levende
688:
38:
27:
3112:
3054:
3044:
2995:
2985:
2790:
2780:
2696:
2639:
2586:
2366:
2206:
2122:
2052:
1929:
1831:
1605:
1540:
1530:
1308:
1238:
1185:
1175:
1053:"RosenkjĂŠr-foredrag med Eske Willerslev"
898:(DSc thesis). University of Copenhagen.
715:
713:
525:Early peopling of Central and South Asia
3285:Fellows of St John's College, Cambridge
3223:
3221:
3219:
3188:
3186:
663:
595:Search for the Head of John the Baptist
2735:from the original on 22 December 2020
2313:from the original on 25 February 2021
2242:from the original on 21 December 2016
875:from the original on 10 November 2015
737:from the original on 18 December 2016
7:
3239:from the original on 16 January 2018
3148:from the original on 1 December 2016
1748:Morelle, Rebecca (7 December 2022).
1116:from the original on 12 October 2014
1063:from the original on 27 October 2014
1007:from the original on 11 October 2014
981:from the original on 12 October 2014
955:from the original on 11 October 2014
929:from the original on 5 December 2014
677:
675:
673:
671:
669:
667:
1485:from the original on 20 August 2020
472:this genome they could infer that:
245:Centre of Excellence in GeoGenetics
3204:from the original on 26 April 2017
2390:Wilken, Uffe (21 September 2016).
2262:David J; Willerslev, Eske (2018).
795:Debate book about the concepts of
757:"Modtagere af danske dekorationer"
175:University of California, Berkeley
14:
3305:People from Gentofte Municipality
2940:from the original on 22 July 2021
2470:from the original on 29 July 2020
1678:from the original on 22 July 2021
287:. He attended Ordrup Gymnasium.
44:Eske Willerslev in the laboratory
3136:Wilken, Uffe (7 December 2009).
2821:from the original on 9 July 2018
2538:from the original on 20 May 2021
441:genome from the 12,600-year-old
3290:University of Copenhagen alumni
2230:Wilken, Uffe (10 August 2016).
641:and trapper tribes in Siberia:
437:In 2014 his team sequenced the
251:, and a professorial fellow at
249:Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
241:Copenhagen University, Denmark.
231:(born 5 June 1971) is a Danish
3280:21st-century Danish biologists
2085:; Jakobsson, M.; Nielsen, R.;
1027:"Eske Willerslev â EliteForsk"
415:Early peopling of the Americas
397:Ice Age megafaunal extinctions
283:brother of the anthropologist
247:, a research associate at the
16:Danish evolutionary geneticist
1:
265:Queen Margrethe II of Denmark
3235:(in Danish). 21 April 2016.
871:(in Danish). 10 April 2015.
854:. science.ku.dk. 2 June 2008
811:Kristoffer FrĂžkjĂŠr (2015): "
599:How to Build and Ancient Man
257:National Academy of Sciences
253:St John's College, Cambridge
1346:10.1126/science.317.5834.36
852:Fra pelsjĂŠger til Professor
348:In 2023 he was awarded the
3331:
3315:People from Kongens Lyngby
3300:Scientists from Copenhagen
3105:10.1038/s41586-021-03224-9
3025:Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
2579:10.1016/j.cell.2015.10.009
1719:10.1038/d41586-022-04377-x
1156:Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
584:Equus - Story of the Horse
538:Peopling of Southeast Asia
220:/professor-eske-willerslev
18:
3200:(in Danish). 2 May 2016.
2918:10.1038/s41586-018-0097-z
2689:10.1038/s41586-018-0094-2
1630:Willerslev, Eske (2016).
894:Willerslev, Eske (2004).
832:Eske Willerslev (2008): "
332:Visiting Miller Professor
198:
115:
37:
3194:"Danmarks Indiana Jones"
975:"VIDENSKABERNES SELSKAB"
684:publications indexed by
512:Early peopling of Europe
451:peopling of the Americas
304:Sakha (Yakutia) Republic
271:Early life and education
163:University of Copenhagen
88:University of Copenhagen
19:Not to be confused with
3275:Evolutionary biologists
3046:10.1073/pnas.0706787104
2987:10.1073/pnas.1315278110
2862:10.1126/science.aat8662
2782:10.1126/science.aat3628
2632:10.1126/science.aar7711
2448:10.1126/science.aaa0114
2359:10.1126/science.1211177
1984:10.1126/science.1154116
1931:10.1126/science.1255832
1532:10.1073/pnas.0912510106
1301:10.1126/science.1141758
1240:10.1126/science.1084114
1177:10.1073/pnas.96.14.8017
616:Hunt for the Oldest DNA
576:The Great Human Odyssey
443:Anzick boy from Montana
391:Kap KĂžbenhavn Formation
275:Willerslev was born in
237:University of Cambridge
233:evolutionary geneticist
167:University of Cambridge
647:
263:issued by her Majesty
261:Order of the Dannebrog
243:He is director of the
109:Order of the Dannebrog
1784:10.1038/news.2011.626
1082:cawa (16 June 2009).
1059:. 12 September 2013.
819:. Biographic book by
706:Europe PubMed Central
643:
547:Past disease genetics
500:Peopling of Australia
2089:(13 February 2014).
320:University of Oxford
171:University of Oxford
3097:2021Natur.591..265V
3037:2007PNAS..10414401J
3031:(36): 14401â14405.
2978:2013PNAS..11019860O
2910:2018Natur.557..418M
2854:2018Sci...361...31B
2773:2018Sci...361...88M
2681:2018Natur.557..369D
2516:10.1038/nature14507
2508:2015Natur.522..167A
2440:2014Sci...346.1113S
2351:2011Sci...334...94R
2291:10.1038/nature25173
2283:2018Natur.553..203M
2199:10.1038/nature14625
2191:2015Natur.523..455R
2115:10.1038/nature13025
2107:2014Natur.506..225R
2045:10.1038/nature12736
2037:2014Natur.505...87R
1976:2008Sci...320..786G
1881:10.1038/nature12323
1873:2013Natur.499...74O
1824:10.1038/nature08835
1816:2010Natur.463..757R
1711:2022Natur.612..384C
1656:10.1038/nature19085
1648:2016Natur.537...45P
1598:10.1038/nature10574
1590:2011Natur.479..359L
1523:2009PNAS..10622352H
1460:10.1038/nature12921
1452:2014Natur.506...47W
1390:2013MolEc..22.3511P
1293:2007Sci...317..111W
1231:2003Sci...300..791W
1168:1999PNAS...96.8017W
836:", Jyllands-Posten
823:Kristoffer FrĂžkjĂŠr.
603:National Geographic
259:(US) and holds the
140:Population genetics
2626:(6396): eaar7711.
1090:on 11 October 2014
1033:on 11 October 2014
821:science journalist
730:The New York Times
704:publications from
608:The New York Times
586:(CBC/PBS/DR/ZDF),
322:as an independent
3091:(7849): 265â269.
2904:(7705): 418â423.
2675:(7705): 369â374.
2277:(7687): 203â207.
2151:www.berlingske.dk
2101:(7487): 225â229.
2083:Bustamante, C. D.
1570:Singarayer, Joy S
1398:10.1111/mec.12298
1384:(13): 3511â3524.
1273:Penkman, K. E. H.
1162:(14): 8017â8021.
1139:Balzan Prize 2023
949:"Eske Willerslev"
842:An autobiography.
789:", PeopleÂŽsPress
368:environmental DNA
361:Environmental DNA
308:Doctor of Science
226:
225:
150:Environmental DNA
117:Scientific career
3322:
3249:
3248:
3246:
3244:
3225:
3214:
3213:
3211:
3209:
3190:
3181:
3180:
3179:
3177:
3167:Anderson, John,
3164:
3158:
3157:
3155:
3153:
3133:
3127:
3126:
3116:
3075:
3069:
3068:
3058:
3048:
3016:
3010:
3009:
2999:
2989:
2956:
2950:
2949:
2947:
2945:
2888:
2882:
2881:
2837:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2826:
2811:
2805:
2804:
2794:
2784:
2751:
2745:
2744:
2742:
2740:
2725:
2719:
2718:
2700:
2663:
2654:
2653:
2643:
2610:
2601:
2600:
2590:
2557:
2548:
2547:
2545:
2543:
2502:(7555): 167â72.
2486:
2480:
2479:
2477:
2475:
2434:(6213): 1113â8.
2418:
2412:
2411:
2409:
2407:
2398:. Archived from
2387:
2381:
2380:
2370:
2329:
2323:
2322:
2320:
2318:
2268:
2258:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2247:
2227:
2221:
2220:
2210:
2169:
2163:
2162:
2160:
2158:
2143:
2137:
2136:
2126:
2073:
2067:
2066:
2056:
2015:
2004:
2003:
1958:
1952:
1951:
1933:
1907:
1901:
1900:
1855:
1846:
1845:
1835:
1810:(7282): 757â62.
1794:
1788:
1787:
1771:
1765:
1764:
1762:
1760:
1745:
1739:
1738:
1694:
1688:
1687:
1685:
1683:
1626:
1620:
1619:
1609:
1584:(7373): 359â64.
1564:
1555:
1554:
1544:
1534:
1501:
1495:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1484:
1437:
1427:
1418:
1417:
1372:
1366:
1365:
1329:
1323:
1322:
1312:
1267:
1261:
1260:
1242:
1206:
1200:
1199:
1189:
1179:
1147:
1141:
1136:
1130:
1129:
1123:
1121:
1106:
1100:
1099:
1097:
1095:
1086:. Archived from
1079:
1073:
1072:
1070:
1068:
1049:
1043:
1042:
1040:
1038:
1029:. Archived from
1023:
1017:
1016:
1014:
1012:
997:
991:
990:
988:
986:
971:
965:
964:
962:
960:
945:
939:
938:
936:
934:
915:
909:
907:
891:
885:
884:
882:
880:
861:
855:
849:
843:
839:
830:
824:
818:
809:
803:
792:
783:
777:
776:
774:
772:
767:on 18 April 2021
753:
747:
746:
744:
742:
717:
708:
699:
693:
692:
679:
447:Solutrean theory
343:EliteForsk Prize
334:at UC Berkeley.
318:He moved to the
296:Moesgaard Museum
222:
219:
217:
215:
213:
211:
209:
194:
104:EliteForsk Prize
63:
59:
57:
42:
28:
3330:
3329:
3325:
3324:
3323:
3321:
3320:
3319:
3255:
3254:
3253:
3252:
3242:
3240:
3227:
3226:
3217:
3207:
3205:
3192:
3191:
3184:
3175:
3173:
3166:
3165:
3161:
3151:
3149:
3135:
3134:
3130:
3077:
3076:
3072:
3018:
3017:
3013:
2972:(49): 19860â5.
2958:
2957:
2953:
2943:
2941:
2890:
2889:
2885:
2848:(6397): 31â32.
2839:
2838:
2834:
2824:
2822:
2813:
2812:
2808:
2767:(6397): 88â92.
2753:
2752:
2748:
2738:
2736:
2727:
2726:
2722:
2665:
2664:
2657:
2612:
2611:
2604:
2559:
2558:
2551:
2541:
2539:
2488:
2487:
2483:
2473:
2471:
2420:
2419:
2415:
2405:
2403:
2402:on 2 March 2019
2389:
2388:
2384:
2345:(6052): 94â98.
2331:
2330:
2326:
2316:
2314:
2266:
2260:
2259:
2255:
2245:
2243:
2229:
2228:
2224:
2185:(7561): 455â8.
2171:
2170:
2166:
2156:
2154:
2145:
2144:
2140:
2075:
2074:
2070:
2031:(7481): 87â91.
2017:
2016:
2007:
1970:(5877): 786â9.
1960:
1959:
1955:
1909:
1908:
1904:
1857:
1856:
1849:
1796:
1795:
1791:
1773:
1772:
1768:
1758:
1756:
1747:
1746:
1742:
1696:
1695:
1691:
1681:
1679:
1642:(7618): 45â49.
1628:
1627:
1623:
1566:
1565:
1558:
1517:(52): 22352â7.
1503:
1502:
1498:
1488:
1486:
1482:
1446:(7486): 47â51.
1435:
1429:
1428:
1421:
1374:
1373:
1369:
1331:
1330:
1326:
1287:(5834): 111â4.
1271:J.; Sharp, M.;
1269:
1268:
1264:
1225:(5620): 791â5.
1208:
1207:
1203:
1149:
1148:
1144:
1137:
1133:
1119:
1117:
1108:
1107:
1103:
1093:
1091:
1081:
1080:
1076:
1066:
1064:
1051:
1050:
1046:
1036:
1034:
1025:
1024:
1020:
1010:
1008:
999:
998:
994:
984:
982:
973:
972:
968:
958:
956:
947:
946:
942:
932:
930:
925:. 6 July 2014.
917:
916:
912:
893:
892:
888:
878:
876:
863:
862:
858:
850:
846:
841:
837:
831:
827:
816:
810:
806:
794:
790:
784:
780:
770:
768:
755:
754:
750:
740:
738:
723:(17 May 2016).
719:
718:
711:
702:Eske Willerslev
700:
696:
682:Eske Willerslev
680:
665:
660:
630:
618:which aired on
580:, Code Breakers
571:
558:
549:
540:
527:
519:Yersinia pestis
514:
502:
417:
408:
399:
363:
358:
316:
285:Rane Willerslev
273:
229:Eske Willerslev
206:
192:
173:
169:
165:
154:
107:
102:
99:Haldane Lecture
84:Alma mater
69:
64:
61:
55:
53:
45:
33:
32:Eske Willerslev
24:
21:Rane Willerslev
17:
12:
11:
5:
3328:
3326:
3318:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3257:
3256:
3251:
3250:
3215:
3182:
3159:
3128:
3070:
3011:
2951:
2883:
2832:
2806:
2746:
2720:
2655:
2602:
2549:
2481:
2413:
2382:
2324:
2253:
2222:
2164:
2138:
2087:Willerslev, E.
2068:
2005:
1953:
1902:
1867:(7456): 74â8.
1847:
1789:
1766:
1740:
1689:
1621:
1556:
1496:
1419:
1367:
1340:(5834): 36â7.
1324:
1262:
1201:
1142:
1131:
1110:"Geniusprisen"
1101:
1074:
1044:
1018:
992:
966:
940:
910:
886:
856:
844:
825:
804:
778:
748:
709:
694:
686:Google Scholar
662:
661:
659:
656:
652:Kongens Lyngby
629:
626:
570:
567:
557:
556:Other research
554:
548:
545:
539:
536:
526:
523:
513:
510:
501:
498:
493:
492:
489:
482:
478:
416:
413:
407:
404:
398:
395:
362:
359:
357:
354:
324:Wellcome Trust
315:
312:
281:identical twin
272:
269:
224:
223:
204:
200:
199:
196:
195:
184:
178:
177:
160:
156:
155:
153:
152:
147:
142:
137:
132:
126:
124:
120:
119:
113:
112:
96:
92:
91:
85:
81:
80:
75:
71:
70:
65:
51:
47:
46:
43:
35:
34:
31:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3327:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3270:Living people
3268:
3266:
3263:
3262:
3260:
3238:
3234:
3230:
3224:
3222:
3220:
3216:
3203:
3199:
3195:
3189:
3187:
3183:
3172:
3171:
3163:
3160:
3147:
3143:
3139:
3138:"GeoGenetics"
3132:
3129:
3124:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3106:
3102:
3098:
3094:
3090:
3086:
3082:
3074:
3071:
3066:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3038:
3034:
3030:
3026:
3022:
3015:
3012:
3007:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2979:
2975:
2971:
2967:
2963:
2955:
2952:
2939:
2935:
2931:
2927:
2923:
2919:
2915:
2911:
2907:
2903:
2899:
2895:
2887:
2884:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2867:
2863:
2859:
2855:
2851:
2847:
2843:
2836:
2833:
2820:
2816:
2810:
2807:
2802:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2774:
2770:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2750:
2747:
2734:
2730:
2724:
2721:
2716:
2712:
2708:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2690:
2686:
2682:
2678:
2674:
2670:
2662:
2660:
2656:
2651:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2633:
2629:
2625:
2621:
2617:
2609:
2607:
2603:
2598:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2580:
2576:
2573:(3): 571â82.
2572:
2568:
2564:
2556:
2554:
2550:
2537:
2533:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2509:
2505:
2501:
2497:
2493:
2485:
2482:
2469:
2465:
2461:
2457:
2453:
2449:
2445:
2441:
2437:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2417:
2414:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2386:
2383:
2378:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2360:
2356:
2352:
2348:
2344:
2340:
2336:
2328:
2325:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2296:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2276:
2272:
2265:
2257:
2254:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2226:
2223:
2218:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2168:
2165:
2153:. 6 July 2014
2152:
2148:
2142:
2139:
2134:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2079:Brunak, S. R.
2072:
2069:
2064:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2014:
2012:
2010:
2006:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1969:
1965:
1957:
1954:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1918:
1913:
1906:
1903:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1854:
1852:
1848:
1843:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1793:
1790:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1770:
1767:
1755:
1751:
1744:
1741:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1705:(7940): 384.
1704:
1700:
1693:
1690:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1625:
1622:
1617:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1563:
1561:
1557:
1552:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1500:
1497:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1434:
1426:
1424:
1420:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1371:
1368:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1328:
1325:
1320:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1266:
1263:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1211:Shapiro, Beth
1205:
1202:
1197:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1146:
1143:
1140:
1135:
1132:
1128:
1115:
1111:
1105:
1102:
1089:
1085:
1078:
1075:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1048:
1045:
1032:
1028:
1022:
1019:
1006:
1002:
996:
993:
980:
976:
970:
967:
954:
950:
944:
941:
928:
924:
920:
914:
911:
905:
901:
897:
890:
887:
874:
870:
866:
860:
857:
853:
848:
845:
835:
829:
826:
822:
815:", Gyldendal
814:
808:
805:
802:
798:
788:
782:
779:
766:
762:
758:
752:
749:
736:
732:
731:
726:
722:
716:
714:
710:
707:
703:
698:
695:
691:
687:
683:
678:
676:
674:
672:
670:
668:
664:
657:
655:
653:
646:
642:
640:
634:
628:Personal life
627:
625:
623:
622:
617:
612:
610:
609:
604:
600:
596:
592:
590:
589:First Peoples
585:
582:(CBC/DR) and
581:
577:
568:
566:
562:
555:
553:
546:
544:
537:
535:
531:
524:
522:
520:
511:
509:
506:
499:
497:
490:
487:
483:
479:
475:
474:
473:
469:
465:
463:
462:Kennewick Man
458:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
435:
433:
428:
426:
422:
421:Paisley Caves
414:
412:
405:
403:
396:
394:
392:
387:
383:
380:
375:
373:
369:
360:
355:
353:
351:
346:
344:
340:
335:
333:
329:
325:
321:
313:
311:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
288:
286:
282:
278:
270:
268:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
221:
205:
201:
197:
190:
189:
185:
183:
179:
176:
172:
168:
164:
161:
157:
151:
148:
146:
143:
141:
138:
136:
133:
131:
128:
127:
125:
121:
118:
114:
110:
105:
100:
97:
93:
89:
86:
82:
79:
76:
72:
68:
62:(age 53)
52:
48:
41:
36:
29:
26:
22:
3241:. Retrieved
3233:videnskab.dk
3232:
3206:. Retrieved
3197:
3174:, retrieved
3169:
3162:
3150:. Retrieved
3141:
3131:
3088:
3084:
3073:
3028:
3024:
3014:
2969:
2965:
2954:
2942:. Retrieved
2901:
2897:
2886:
2845:
2841:
2835:
2823:. Retrieved
2809:
2792:10072/383365
2764:
2760:
2749:
2737:. Retrieved
2723:
2698:1887/3202709
2672:
2668:
2623:
2619:
2570:
2566:
2540:. Retrieved
2499:
2495:
2484:
2472:. Retrieved
2431:
2427:
2416:
2404:. Retrieved
2400:the original
2395:
2385:
2342:
2338:
2327:
2315:. Retrieved
2274:
2270:
2256:
2244:. Retrieved
2235:
2225:
2182:
2178:
2167:
2155:. Retrieved
2150:
2141:
2098:
2094:
2086:
2071:
2028:
2024:
1967:
1963:
1956:
1921:
1915:
1905:
1864:
1860:
1807:
1803:
1792:
1775:
1769:
1757:. Retrieved
1753:
1743:
1702:
1698:
1692:
1680:. Retrieved
1639:
1635:
1624:
1581:
1577:
1514:
1510:
1499:
1487:. Retrieved
1443:
1439:
1381:
1377:
1370:
1337:
1333:
1327:
1284:
1280:
1265:
1222:
1218:
1204:
1159:
1155:
1145:
1134:
1125:
1118:. Retrieved
1104:
1092:. Retrieved
1088:the original
1077:
1065:. Retrieved
1056:
1047:
1035:. Retrieved
1031:the original
1021:
1009:. Retrieved
995:
983:. Retrieved
969:
957:. Retrieved
943:
931:. Retrieved
922:
913:
895:
889:
877:. Retrieved
869:politiken.dk
868:
859:
847:
833:
828:
812:
807:
786:
781:
769:. Retrieved
765:the original
760:
751:
739:. Retrieved
728:
721:Zimmer, Carl
697:
648:
644:
639:Sitting Bull
635:
631:
619:
615:
613:
606:
598:
594:
588:
583:
579:
578:(PBS/CBC/DR)
575:
572:
563:
559:
550:
541:
532:
528:
518:
515:
507:
503:
494:
470:
466:
459:
436:
429:
418:
409:
400:
388:
384:
376:
364:
350:Balzan Prize
347:
336:
317:
289:
274:
228:
227:
186:
159:Institutions
116:
25:
3265:1971 births
3176:24 February
3152:15 December
2406:15 December
2246:15 December
1759:24 February
879:15 December
838:(in Danish)
817:(in Danish)
791:(in Danish)
771:5 September
741:15 December
300:fur trapper
145:Ancient DNA
74:Nationality
60:5 June 1971
3259:Categories
3243:14 January
2157:22 October
761:Kongehuset
658:References
455:Crow tribe
449:for early
439:Clovis-age
432:MalÂŽta boy
379:Blitzkrieg
328:Apsaalooke
218:/directory
90:(MSc, DSc)
56:1971-06-05
2542:29 August
2474:29 August
2464:206632421
1727:0028-0836
1682:29 August
1378:Mol. Ecol
1127:forskere.
1120:7 October
1094:7 October
1067:7 October
1037:7 October
1011:7 October
985:7 October
959:7 October
933:7 October
904:474279492
624:in 2024.
339:Antiquity
267:in 2017.
130:Evolution
3237:Archived
3208:24 April
3202:Archived
3146:Archived
3123:33597750
3065:17728401
3006:24248361
2938:Archived
2934:13684815
2926:29743673
2878:49709899
2870:29976814
2819:Archived
2801:29976827
2733:Archived
2715:13670282
2707:29743675
2650:29743352
2597:26496604
2536:Archived
2524:26062507
2468:Archived
2456:25378462
2377:21940856
2311:Archived
2299:29323294
2240:Archived
2217:26087396
2133:24522598
2063:24256729
2000:17671309
1992:18388261
1940:25170159
1924:(6200).
1889:23803765
1842:20148029
1754:BBC Home
1735:36476770
1676:Archived
1664:27509852
1616:22048313
1551:20018740
1505:(2009).
1480:Archived
1468:24499916
1406:23587049
1362:83833760
1354:17615317
1319:17615355
1249:12702808
1196:10393940
1114:Archived
1061:Archived
1005:Archived
979:Archived
953:Archived
927:Archived
923:www.b.dk
873:Archived
735:Archived
569:Outreach
356:Research
277:Gentofte
135:Genomics
67:Gentofte
3114:7116897
3093:Bibcode
3079:2021).
3056:1958816
3033:Bibcode
2997:3856829
2974:Bibcode
2944:4 March
2906:Bibcode
2850:Bibcode
2842:Science
2769:Bibcode
2761:Science
2677:Bibcode
2641:6748862
2620:Science
2588:4644222
2532:4399103
2504:Bibcode
2436:Bibcode
2428:Science
2368:3991479
2347:Bibcode
2339:Science
2317:4 March
2307:4454580
2279:Bibcode
2208:4878456
2187:Bibcode
2124:4878442
2103:Bibcode
2054:4105016
2033:Bibcode
1972:Bibcode
1964:Science
1917:Science
1897:4318227
1869:Bibcode
1833:3951495
1812:Bibcode
1707:Bibcode
1672:4450936
1644:Bibcode
1607:4070744
1586:Bibcode
1542:2795395
1519:Bibcode
1489:4 March
1476:4461741
1448:Bibcode
1386:Bibcode
1334:Science
1310:2694912
1289:Bibcode
1281:Science
1257:1222227
1227:Bibcode
1219:Science
1164:Bibcode
801:science
486:Koryaks
481:belong.
302:in the
292:Siberia
203:Website
3198:alt.dk
3121:
3111:
3085:Nature
3063:
3053:
3004:
2994:
2932:
2924:
2898:Nature
2876:
2868:
2825:9 July
2799:
2739:4 June
2713:
2705:
2669:Nature
2648:
2638:
2595:
2585:
2530:
2522:
2496:Nature
2462:
2454:
2375:
2365:
2305:
2297:
2271:Nature
2215:
2205:
2179:Nature
2131:
2121:
2095:Nature
2061:
2051:
2025:Nature
1998:
1990:
1948:353853
1946:
1938:
1895:
1887:
1861:Nature
1840:
1830:
1804:Nature
1776:Nature
1733:
1725:
1699:Nature
1670:
1662:
1636:Nature
1614:
1604:
1578:Nature
1549:
1539:
1474:
1466:
1440:Nature
1414:901586
1412:
1404:
1360:
1352:
1317:
1307:
1255:
1247:
1194:
1184:
902:
601:(both
425:Clovis
314:Career
193:(2004)
191:
182:Thesis
123:Fields
111:(2017)
106:(2011)
101:(2017)
95:Awards
78:Danish
3142:ku.dk
2930:S2CID
2874:S2CID
2711:S2CID
2528:S2CID
2460:S2CID
2396:ku.dk
2303:S2CID
2267:(PDF)
2236:ku.dk
1996:S2CID
1944:S2CID
1893:S2CID
1668:S2CID
1483:(PDF)
1472:S2CID
1436:(PDF)
1410:S2CID
1358:S2CID
1253:S2CID
1187:22180
1057:dr.dk
797:magic
591:(PBS)
372:forbs
3245:2018
3210:2017
3178:2024
3154:2016
3119:PMID
3061:PMID
3002:PMID
2946:2020
2922:PMID
2866:PMID
2827:2018
2797:PMID
2741:2018
2703:PMID
2646:PMID
2593:PMID
2567:Cell
2544:2020
2520:PMID
2476:2020
2452:PMID
2408:2016
2373:PMID
2319:2020
2295:PMID
2248:2016
2213:PMID
2159:2021
2129:PMID
2059:PMID
1988:PMID
1936:PMID
1885:PMID
1838:PMID
1761:2024
1731:PMID
1723:ISSN
1684:2020
1660:PMID
1612:PMID
1547:PMID
1491:2020
1464:PMID
1402:PMID
1350:PMID
1315:PMID
1245:PMID
1192:PMID
1122:2014
1096:2014
1069:2014
1039:2014
1013:2014
987:2014
961:2014
935:2014
900:OCLC
881:2016
799:and
773:2021
743:2016
621:Nova
597:and
212:.cam
210:.zoo
50:Born
3109:PMC
3101:doi
3089:591
3051:PMC
3041:doi
3029:104
2992:PMC
2982:doi
2970:110
2914:doi
2902:557
2858:doi
2846:361
2787:hdl
2777:doi
2765:361
2693:hdl
2685:doi
2673:557
2636:PMC
2628:doi
2624:360
2583:PMC
2575:doi
2571:163
2512:doi
2500:522
2444:doi
2432:346
2363:PMC
2355:doi
2343:334
2287:doi
2275:553
2203:PMC
2195:doi
2183:523
2119:PMC
2111:doi
2099:506
2049:PMC
2041:doi
2029:505
1980:doi
1968:320
1926:doi
1922:345
1877:doi
1865:499
1828:PMC
1820:doi
1808:463
1780:doi
1715:doi
1703:612
1652:doi
1640:537
1602:PMC
1594:doi
1582:479
1537:PMC
1527:doi
1515:106
1456:doi
1444:506
1394:doi
1342:doi
1338:317
1305:PMC
1297:doi
1285:317
1235:doi
1223:300
1182:PMC
1172:doi
216:.uk
214:.ac
208:www
3261::
3231:.
3218:^
3196:.
3185:^
3144:.
3140:.
3117:.
3107:.
3099:.
3087:.
3083:.
3059:.
3049:.
3039:.
3027:.
3023:.
3000:.
2990:.
2980:.
2968:.
2964:.
2936:.
2928:.
2920:.
2912:.
2900:.
2896:.
2872:.
2864:.
2856:.
2844:.
2817:.
2795:.
2785:.
2775:.
2763:.
2759:.
2731:.
2709:.
2701:.
2691:.
2683:.
2671:.
2658:^
2644:.
2634:.
2622:.
2618:.
2605:^
2591:.
2581:.
2569:.
2565:.
2552:^
2534:.
2526:.
2518:.
2510:.
2498:.
2494:.
2466:.
2458:.
2450:.
2442:.
2430:.
2426:.
2394:.
2371:.
2361:.
2353:.
2341:.
2337:.
2309:.
2301:.
2293:.
2285:.
2273:.
2269:.
2238:.
2234:.
2211:.
2201:.
2193:.
2181:.
2177:.
2149:.
2127:.
2117:.
2109:.
2097:.
2093:.
2057:.
2047:.
2039:.
2027:.
2023:.
2008:^
1994:.
1986:.
1978:.
1966:.
1942:.
1934:.
1920:.
1914:.
1891:.
1883:.
1875:.
1863:.
1850:^
1836:.
1826:.
1818:.
1806:.
1802:.
1778:.
1752:.
1729:.
1721:.
1713:.
1701:.
1674:.
1666:.
1658:.
1650:.
1638:.
1634:.
1610:.
1600:.
1592:.
1580:.
1576:.
1559:^
1545:.
1535:.
1525:.
1513:.
1509:.
1478:.
1470:.
1462:.
1454:.
1442:.
1438:.
1422:^
1408:.
1400:.
1392:.
1382:22
1380:.
1356:.
1348:.
1336:.
1313:.
1303:.
1295:.
1283:.
1279:.
1251:.
1243:.
1233:.
1221:.
1217:.
1190:.
1180:.
1170:.
1160:96
1158:.
1154:.
1124:.
1112:.
1055:.
1003:.
977:.
951:.
921:.
867:.
759:.
733:.
727:.
712:^
666:^
654:.
611:.
593:,
457:.
427:.
352:.
58:)
3247:.
3212:.
3156:.
3125:.
3103::
3095::
3067:.
3043::
3035::
3008:.
2984::
2976::
2948:.
2916::
2908::
2880:.
2860::
2852::
2829:.
2803:.
2789::
2779::
2771::
2743:.
2717:.
2695::
2687::
2679::
2652:.
2630::
2599:.
2577::
2546:.
2514::
2506::
2478:.
2446::
2438::
2410:.
2379:.
2357::
2349::
2321:.
2289::
2281::
2250:.
2219:.
2197::
2189::
2161:.
2135:.
2113::
2105::
2065:.
2043::
2035::
2002:.
1982::
1974::
1950:.
1928::
1899:.
1879::
1871::
1844:.
1822::
1814::
1786:.
1782::
1763:.
1737:.
1717::
1709::
1686:.
1654::
1646::
1618:.
1596::
1588::
1553:.
1529::
1521::
1493:.
1458::
1450::
1416:.
1396::
1388::
1364:.
1344::
1321:.
1299::
1291::
1259:.
1237::
1229::
1198:.
1174::
1166::
1098:.
1071:.
1041:.
1015:.
989:.
963:.
937:.
906:.
883:.
840:.
793:.
775:.
745:.
366:(
54:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
