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to Mór Pollák, a flour merchant, and
Sarolta Szántó (née Schäfer). She was one of seven children and money was tight. The family changed its name to Pécsi in 1900. Two of Pécsi's sisters, Vilma and Margit, became doctors, a third, Berta, became a teacher. A brother, Illés, graduated in engineering in
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From 1931 to 1948 the couple ran an architectural firm together. During this period, Pécsi designed and engineered significant floating reinforced concrete slabs and tower foundations, as well as higher-than-usual steel frame structures, working as a structural engineer with many of the period's
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when it revived during the revolution. On 3 November, Fischer was appointed as state minister in the coalition government as the party's nominee. The next day, the
Soviets invaded Hungary and the revolution was crushed within a week. Fischer went into hiding for a time. In 1957, as part of the
145:). She graduated on 8 March 1920, her twenty-second birthday, the first Hungarian woman to qualify as an architect. Pécsi was one of the first four women to study at the university, alongside Marianne Sternberg-Várnay, mechanical engineer Villma Máhrer and Irma Simonyi-Hajós.
262:-imposed policies, lasting from 23 October until 10 November 1956. Pécsi became a commissioner, involved in the uprising. During the revolution, her home became a meeting place for Social Democratic politicians. Her husband József Fischer was elected to the leadership of the
227:'s forging workshop (ensuring continuous operation without any factory closures). She designed a special foundation around and above the obsolete timber-framed hall in the plant, so that old parts could be demolished. She also wrote several articles.
164:. It was the first indoor swimming pool in Hungary and the largest in Europe at the time, covered by five reinforced concrete beams with a span of 31 meters and an internal height of 14 meters. The pool was the brainchild of
198:. Her work, with original structural solutions, included the Fiumei út emergency hospital, and the Kútvölgyi út hospital, the first high-rise high-rise buildings in Budapest. She also worked on several modern houses.
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In 1965, Pécsi was awarded the “Best
Structural Engineer of the Year” award for the special foundations method she invented which allowed high-rise buildings to be built on the banks of the Hudson River.
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in 1948, and from 1949 she was an employee of the Design Office of the
Ministry of Metallurgy and Mechanical Engineering (KGMTI) and then chief structural engineer. She worked on the rail manufacturer
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for two years, where she worked for the
Krapfenbauer architectural firm and designed the structural plans for the city's first downtown multi-storey car park near the Vienna Opera House.
243:. Fischer was chosen as a candidate for the party in the 1939 general election, and was chairman of the architects’ group within the party. The party was suppressed under Soviet rule.
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After graduation, Pécsi worked for a decade in the Guth and
Gergely architectural engineering offices in Budapest, being promoted to senior designer after a few years at the company.
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In 1970 Pécsi became paralysed following due to a severe stroke. Nursed by her husband, she died on 4 May 1975 in New York City. Her ashes were taken back to
Hungary and placed in
301:), one of America's leading architectural firms, and was part of the team which drew up structural plans for the city's tallest reinforced concrete frame building at the time, the
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On 3 December 1922 Pécsi married modernist architect József
Fischer, and had two sons, György and János, who both grew up to become architects. The couple were both members of the
170:"The large hall, bridged by huge reinforced concrete arches, has an extremely impressive effect on the viewer, these arches span the wide space without any intermediate supports."
137:, between 1915 and 1919. In 1918, the Hungarian government passed laws enabling women to study at universities, so in 1919 Pécsi returned to Hungary to complete her education at
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109:(March 8, 1898 – May 4, 1975) was the first female Hungarian architect and a structural engineer. She designed a number of iconic buildings in Hungary, Austria and America.
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A plaque was placed on her birthplace in
Kecskemét in 2000 and on the wall of the couple's house in Szent István Park in Budapest in 2001.
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After the war, Pécsi inspected the bomb-damaged buildings in the capital and directed the reinforcement work on the cracked roof of the
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Her husband was dismissed from his job in 1959 and made an application to emigrate and join her, but this was denied for seven years.
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reprisals and clamp down by the Soviet authorities, Pécsi was dismissed from her job because of her involvement in the revolution.
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Her husband was finally able to join her in 1964, having had to wait over seven years for a passport to be granted.
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na, later known as the
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Her work during this time included designing the articulated reinforced concrete arches of the
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Her granddaughter Zsuzsanna Szabóné Fischer also became a structural engineer.
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Pécsi also worked on the foundation of the central (turbine lake) turbine in
190:(CIAM), which played a key role in the expansion of modernist architecture.
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560:"Pécsi Eszter 100 | Budapesti Műszaki és Gazdaságtudományi Egyetem"
428:"Pécsi Eszter 100 | Budapesti Műszaki és Gazdaságtudományi Egyetem"
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524:"The First Hungarian Female Engineer: A Legacy Spanning Decades"
168:, a Hungarian architect and Olympic swimmer who described it as
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Pécsi on her Budapest Chamber of Engineers membership card, 1931
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In 1957, Pécsi left Hungary without her husband and lived in
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Eszter Pécsi was born Eszter Pollák on March 8, 1898, in
611:"Pécsi Eszter | Magyar életrajzi lexikon | Kézikönyvtár"
486:"Nőket a műszaki képzésbe (Women in Technical Training)"
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Budapest University of Technology and Economics alumni
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the Hungarian architect-designer, and a leader in the
635:"Hajós Alfréd Társaság - Közhasznú Egyesület - Hírek"
403:"Hajós Alfréd Társaság - Közhasznú Egyesület - Hírek"
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leading Hungarian architects, including Fishcher and
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Márta Konczosné Szombathelyi & Attila Mészáros.
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Hungarian architect, structural engineer (1898-1975)
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378:"Jeles Napok - Pécsi Eszter születésnapja – 1898"
660:"epiteszforum - Pécsi Eszter és Fischer József"
358:Budapest University of Technology and Economics
235:Pécsi and her husband were both members of the
143:Budapest University of Technology and Economics
297:movement. Pécsi later became a Fellow of SOM (
201:During World War II, Hungary was part of the
188:Congres Internationaux d’Architecture Moderne
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319:Between 1959 and 1970 she also lectured at
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719:20th-century Hungarian architects
714:20th-century American architects
689:hungarlingva biografio kun fotoj
774:Burials at Farkasréti Cemetery
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724:20th-century women engineers
637:. 2008-05-19. Archived from
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344:PécsiFischer SztIstvánPark16
299:Skidmore, Owings and Merrill
248:Hungarian Revolution of 1956
769:New York University faculty
256:Hungarian People's Republic
127:Royal College of Technology
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734:Hungarian women architects
219:Hungarian businesses were
158:Alfréd Hajós Swimming Pool
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729:American women architects
709:Hungarian civil engineers
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182:Marriage and partnership
139:Királyi József Műegyetem
113:Early life and education
207:Germany invaded Hungary
677:hungarlingva biografio
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285:Pécsi then moved to
271:Life outside Hungary
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332:Farkasréti Cemetery
321:New York University
307:Columbia University
125:Pécsi attended the
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44:8 March 1898
23:Eszter Pécsi
759:1975 deaths
754:1898 births
203:Axis powers
84:Citizenship
698:Categories
645:2020-05-26
620:2020-05-27
596:2020-05-26
569:2020-05-26
564:www.bme.hu
534:2020-05-26
470:2020-05-22
437:2020-05-23
432:www.bme.hu
413:2020-05-23
364:References
252:revolution
92:Occupation
69:1975-05-05
65:4 May 1975
48:1898-03-08
119:Kecskemét
96:Architect
87:Hungarian
55:Kecskemét
680:Archived
328:Budapest
287:New York
258:and its
387:May 27,
295:Bauhaus
176:Bánhida
67: (
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277:Vienna
260:Soviet
135:Berlin
122:1913.
489:(PDF)
225:MÁVAG
389:2020
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