1239:"Muslim Cafe - guest list - Aki Nawaz - Aki Nawaz a.k.a. Propa-Gandhi is a British rapper and musician, lead singer of the punk rap band Fun-Da-Mental. Born in Pakistan, he grew up in Bradford in the 1970s, and is best known for his controversial lyrics relating to the immorality of Western governments and suicide bombers. In the 1980s, using his proper name Haq Qureshi, he played drums with the rock band Southern Death Cult, a forerunner to The Cult, with Ian Astbury on vocals. In 1991 Nawaz went on to found the Islamic rap group Fun-Da-Mental.In 2006, when Fun-Da-Mental's record All is War was about to be released through his own Nation Records, two company directors from his distributor Beggar's Banquet Records, Martin Mills and Andrew Heath, threatened to resign. The record was finally released on August 7th 2006 as a download album.Aki is a regular media commentator and speaker at anti-war and Muslim events"
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pro-Black anti-racist identity politics." The group takes pride in its militant stance, stating "We are hard politically, uncompromising musically and we won't be led by marketing angles. We try to give people a bit of confidence. People have to start educating themselves, respecting themselves." Because of their political stance, the group have earned the label "the Asian
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560:"It's the white folks who need to rebel against their own ignorance – racism is their problem, economic terrorism is their problem, pollution is their problem – everything that is going wrong they have a hand in, they have an influence in – with all that is wrong in the world they are lucky to be dominating."
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themselves. They countered the strict views and opinions of mosque scholars and Muslim community leaders with their own political manifesto. "Fun-Da-Mental's expressions of pride in Islam appealed to Muslim youth who had been raised on
British popular culture yet also felt wounded by British Islamophobia."
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Fun-Da-Mental has also been one of the first
British music groups to actively and fiercely defend the Muslim community by example. In particular, Fun-Da-Mental have set out to appeal to and voice the concerns of the alienated Muslim youth of British towns such as Bradford (Nawaz's birthplace and the
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Despite their apparent allegiance to black nationalism, Fun-Da-Mental's greatest recognition and fan base has been amongst white audiences and institutions, with more response from white student populations than from the less-educated urban poor generally addressed by hardcore rap. As a result, the
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As is common within any culture with a hybrid demographic, British-born youths of
Islamic heritage were struggling to fit into either aspect of their given identity and were trying to find a place for themselves. Fun-Da-Mental made this hybrid identity accessible, and allowed the youth to explore
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According to Aki, the other factor was business-related. Nawaz has admitted that he had been too immersed in the group's creative and promotional work that he had not paid attention to the group's sales figures, meaning that he had neither noticed nor revealed to other group members
Lallaman and
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Musically, Fun-Da-Mental have borrowed extensive samples from Indian film music, particularly from the string sections. Through their juxtaposition with hip-hop rhythm tracks and angry raps, such samples are reconfigured, and a new hybrid Asian identity is emphasised. The band's use of "Indian
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Sometimes criticised for writing "extreme" or "hard left-wing" lyrics, the band's stated aim is to try to educate the
British youth about the presence of Islam and about the causes of extreme behaviour. Fun-Da-Mental frequently sample the voices and rallying speeches of historically significant
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slogan, and the group's lyrics and texts promoted a fervently anti-racist political slant. The group drew strongly on the history and philosophy of the Black Power movement in the United States, albeit focused through a
British Asian/Afro-Caribbean context and globally aimed left-wing politics.
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in its combination of pro-black (or pro-non-white) assertion and condemnation of racism. The group has taken direct inspiration from several black activists in the United States and their reassertion of history. A particular inspiration was
Malcolm X, who notably became a Muslim as part of his
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Fun-Da-Mental are an explicitly political and controversial band with an outspoken concern with social justice (particularly in regard to
Britain's treatment of its Asian and Afro-Caribbean citizens) and have been described as "articulat(ing) eclectically a kind of militant Islamic-influenced,
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Fun-Da-Mental's lyrics consistently express the group's
Islamic and ethnic pride, as well as the political issues which Muslims face within Britain. Exploring the position that Muslims are oppressed within Western culture because of their religion, the group aims to express the hardships and
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music group formed in 1991. The group is notable for its energetic fusion of
Eastern and Western musical forms, for its outspoken political stance, and for its strong Islamic affiliation and advocacy. Fun-Da-Mental's political stance has led to the group earning the label "the Asian
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in August 1991 and continued to record and play concerts over the next two years. From 1992 onwards, Fun-Da-Mental began to release singles, beginning with "Janaam" and following up with "Gandhi's Revenge". 1993's "Wrath of the Blackman" (created around a sample taken from a
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Inder Goldfinger Matharu, conversely, had believed that Fun-Da-Mental's press profile had translated into significant sales and were appalled to find out that the group was not making money. Lallaman and Inder Goldfinger Matharu subsequently formed
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Fun-Da-Mental were subsequently given an opportunity to travel to South Africa. This inspired the single 'Gold Burger', described by the group as a tribute to oppressed peoples delivered on a global scale, and featuring samples of the
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political journey: the group sometimes cite his pronouncement that "I am a soldier named Alaha, so put down the cross and pick up the X". In the song "President Propaganda", Fun-Da-Mental's lyrics rely on the rhetoric of the
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original hometown of the group). Consequently, Fun-Da-mental has reached a significant number of British Muslim youths who identify with the situations and topics covered in the group's lyrics, slogans and presentation.
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Hesmondhalgh, David and Caspar Melville. "Urban Breakbeat Culture: Repercussions of Hip-Hop in the United Kingdom." In Global Noise: Rap and Hip-Hop Outside the USA. Middletown: Wesleyan University Press, 2001. p.
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Hesmondhalgh, David and Caspar Melville. "Urban Breakbeat Culture: Repercussions of Hip-Hop in the United Kingdom." Global Noise: Rap and Hip-Hop Outside the USA, 86–110. Middletown: Wesleyan University Press,
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music, during which time various "conscious rapper" groups began to emerge. Common themes expressed in this style of hip hop were very politically based within the sense of race and the Asian identity.
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Sharma, Sanjay. "Noisy Asians or 'Asian Noise'?" In Disorienting Rhythms: The Politics of the New Asian Dance Music, ed. Sanjay Sharma, John Hutnyk, and Ashwani Sharma, 32–57. London: Zed Books, 1996.
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into Fun-Da-Mental tracks. The band's symbol is a crescent, which not only invokes the sense of Islam but also of the Pakistani flag. Notably, Aki Nawaz's mother was one of the leading activists for
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By 1991, Qureshi had become more interested in the artistic and political possibilities of hip hop, although he initially believed that hip hop's politics were "much more sorted" than was its music.
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rejection which Western Muslims experience at the hands of their governments, and to assert through their lyrics the beauty of being Muslim. Nawaz has also directly incorporated quotations from the
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Fun-Da-Mental's music combines and juxtaposes Eastern and Western musical and cultural influences. These include British dance club electronics and American militant hip-hop inspirations, plus
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to send anti-Western messages. The lines "you had us whipped, raped, and lynched/Took away the Quran, you gave us the Bible" allude to issues such as slavery and religious persecution.
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The response to the group's approach was varied. Some young British Muslims saw the group as providing a refreshing new meaning and interpretation of the fundamentals of Islam.
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said "Strip away the outrage, then, and what's left is an album pieced together with great consideration. To provoke not just a reaction but thought and debate."
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Swedenburg, Ted. "Islamic Hip-hop vs. Islamophobia." In Global Noise: Rap and Hip-Hop Outside the USA, 57–85. Middletown: Wesleyan University Press, 2001.
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The uncensored version of the lead single "Dog Tribe" features a recording of a phone call from a member of the UK radical right-wing
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The release of the album into a tense political climate led to harsh criticism of, and verbal attacks on, Nawaz and Fun-Da-Mental.
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group has gained considerably more coverage in the student-oriented British music press than any other British hip-hop act.
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In 1998 Fun-Da-Mental released their second album of original material – the more punk/funk-inclined
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Fun-Da-Mental's work has been compared by cultural researcher Sanjay Sharma to that of the
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sounds, Islamic chants, and the interweaving of dialogue from famous Hindi movies."
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album in 1996, Detrimental ultimately failed to last as long as its parent group.
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The band was formed in the wake of the 1990s British Asian merging of hip hop and
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Sounds" is symbolic of certain experiences for second-generation British Asians.
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speech) further established the group's assertive anti-racist sentiments.
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This line-up released the first full-length Fun-Da-Mental album, 1994's
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choir. The group also took the opportunity to perform with Cape Town's
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Dis-orienting rhythms : the politics of the new Asian dance music
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external links, and converting useful links where appropriate into
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which built on Fun-Da-Mental's approach. Despite releasing the
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The name of the group itself deliberately invokes the idea of
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may not follow Knowledge (XXG)'s policies or guidelines
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In 1993, tensions within Fun-Da-Mental came to a head.
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466:(2001). In 2003, Fun-Da-Mental released the
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1322:Learn how and when to remove this message
1213:"Aki Nawaz and Dave Watts of Fundamental"
325:This line-up of Fun-Da-Mental played the
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1055:"TrouserPress.com :: Fun-Da-Mental"
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907:. Routledge. p. 120.
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