17:
213:
383:
126:
114:, was sent to organise the funeral at Peterborough. Mourning clothes were to be provided for Mary's household, who had remained at Fotheringhay. At first Mary's servants refused the new garments as they already wore mourning clothes and there was disagreement over the fashion of women's mourning hoods worn either in French or English style. A tirewoman, the wife of Hugh Rogers, was sent from London to make
193:, without ceremony. One reason recorded for this was that the hot weather might cause the solder of the lead coffin to fail. The graves of both Queens were dug by Robert Scarlett. The official mourners arrived on 31 July. Bridget Russell, Countess of Bedford was the chief mourner and representative of Elizabeth I. Among the chief mourners was
349:
The male servants included Andrew
Melville who was given a high-status position at the funeral. The other servants attending were Dominique Bourgoing the physician, Camille du Preau the almoner, Pierre Gorion the apothecary, the surgeon Jacques Gervais, Balthazar Hully of the wardrobe, Bastian Pagez,
204:
There was a supper in the Great Hall of the Bishop's Palace, where a cloth of estate of purple velvet and a chair was installed, and used by the
Countess of Bedford. A large amount of food was bought for this meal, and for a dinner after the funeral on the following day. Richard Cox, clerk to Gregory
177:
arranged the building of a wooden hearse in
Peterborough Cathedral. This hearse was a stationary architectural heraldic display, not a conveyance for the coffin. It was 27 feet high, covered with black velvet set with escutcheons, and decorated with gold fringes. Rooms in the Bishop's Palace and the
161:
in May 1596, two knight's wives wore similar mourning with "round Parys heads, boungrace, and barbes of fine lawne". A "barbe" was a covering or veil over the mouth and chin, or worn bib-like under the chin. At
Peterborough, one Scottish gentlewoman received a "large attire of lawn with a barbe",
232:
The procession from the Palace to the church was led by 100 or 120 poor women in black cloth gowns and white
Holland linen head dresses (called "kerchers"), provided by Fortescue. Their appearance was traditional or old-fashioned. Next followed those in mourning cloaks and mourning gowns.
275:, gave a sermon and a prayer, remarking that he had not met Mary. Banners were placed on the hearse, and symbolic objects including armour, a wooden sword, helmet and crown, were delivered from the hearse to the Bishop. Some of these were displayed in the cathedral until 1643.
325:
as treasurer. Marmaduke
Darrell asked Andrew Melville, Mary's Master of Household, to decide which members of Mary's household should assist at the funeral. Mourners from Mary's household who attended at Peterborough included; Barbara Moubray,
229:, a "representation" of Mary, thought to have been an either an effigy or a group of symbolic objects, was carried from the Palace into the cathedral and placed on the hearse. A British Library sketch of the procession depicts an effigy.
409:. He was paid for supplying "touchstone and rauncestone", two kinds of alabaster. The monument was finished by his son William, and painted and gilded by James Mauncy or Manuty (Manucci). He was an Italian servant or workman of
361:
Mary had written letters in cipher code about employing or rewarding
Susanna Kirkcaldy. Susanna Kirkcaldy later worked as a servant of Jean Kennedy. They were both drowned on the 7 or 8 September 1589 crossing the
100:
in March. In June, the lead coffin at
Fotheringhay was found to be ruptured and was mended by a plumber. The remaining servants petitioned for Mary's funeral to be held and their detention ended.
354:, Jean Lauder of the pantry, Martin Huet the cook, Nicolas de la Mere the pastry chef, Robin Hamilton assistant cook, Laurens de la Chapelle the usher, and Simon Jacqui described as the
16:
189:
on a chariot drawn by four horses at night on 30 July, a distance of 12 miles. William
Dethick organised the procession. The coffin was interred near the resting place of
1364:
Mariana
Brockmann, "Mischievous Marys, Rituals of Queenship in Sixteenth-century England and Scotland", PhD thesis, Royal Holloway University of London, 2017, chapter 4
1383:
237:
carried the banner of Scotland. Six gentlemen brought in the "representation" under a velvet canopy supported on poles by Thomas Manners, John or George Hastings,
283:
416:
Mary was interred in October 1612. The Earl of Northampton presided over a procession and the burial, held in the evening to avoid the "concourse" of people.
92:
wrote that Mary's body was kept in a chamber near the scene of execution at Fotheringhay, and after a time Mary's body and head were sealed in a lead casket.
314:
246:
290:, adequately solemn, attended by Mary's servants who were now free to return home. Dominique Bourgoing would kiss the hands of French royal family, and
253:. Ten or eight women from Mary's household followed, wearing hoods with black taffeta at the front and white veils at the back in the French fashion.
1221:(Palgrave Macmillan, 2013), p. 117: Peter Sherlock, "The Monuments of Elizabeth Tudor and Mary Stuart: King James and the Manipulation of Memory",
259:
and most of the Scottish mourners from Mary's household left the cathedral before the service started, not wishing to attend a Protestant service.
58:
were brought to Fotheringhay in February after the execution. Much of the furnishings and silver plate from Mary's lodging were sent to London.
436:
83:
424:
212:
279:, Dean of Peterborough, read the funeral service where Mary was buried, and then the broken rods of her officers were placed in the grave.
401:, James VI and I sent William Dethick to Peterborough with an embroidered velvet pall for his mother's grave in August 1603. In 1606,
250:
154:
194:
291:
238:
318:
198:
439:, was paid for travelling to London with two porters carrying Mary's picture. The portrait was returned to Hardwick in 1613.
398:
63:
178:
nave of the cathedral were draped with black cloth and baize. Some of the baize was hired from a merchant, William Albany.
1378:
1363:
420:
387:
141:
and linen", "bongraces" and "kerchers" worn as headdresses and face-coverings. A "Paris head" was a close cap with two
1217:
Marguerite A. Tassi, "Martyrdom and Memory: Elizabeth Curle's Portrait of Mary, Queen of Scots", Debra Barret-Graves,
339:
1358:
629:
322:
260:
67:
205:
Lovell, cofferer to Elizabeth's household, accounted for the expenses of the food and the cooks to Bryan Cave and
1199:
276:
1388:
1302:
Peter Sherlock, "The Monuments of Elizabeth Tudor and Mary Stuart: King James and the Manipulation of Memory",
964:
Peter Sherlock, "The Monuments of Elizabeth Tudor and Mary Stuart: King James and the Manipulation of Memory",
645:
268:
103:
382:
166:, whose name is included in the order of procession. Some sketches of the funeral procession are held by the
335:
75:
66:
and other items to her gentlewomen and male servants. These were retained at Fotheringhay in the custody of
1348:
1148:
George Lasry, Norbert Biermann, Satoshi Tomokiyo, "Deciphering Mary Stuart’s lost letters from 1578-1584",
469:
1172:
1133:
950:
31:
21:
1090:
107:
1203:
991:
510:
130:
27:
797:
718:
394:
327:
256:
190:
125:
97:
93:
71:
35:
825:
158:
79:
137:
Fortescue's account mentions "Paris heads" fashioned for the high-status female mourners, with "
632:, "Ladies' costume in the Middle Ages, as represented on the monumental effigies and brasses",
1353:
406:
272:
242:
206:
153:
in 1556. These garments were worn at other Elizabethan funerals; at the funeral of Katherine,
146:
43:
1168:
1153:
571:
174:
167:
55:
173:
Fortescue bought 1599 1/2 yards of black cloth in seven different qualities. The herald
432:
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264:
150:
89:
39:
1372:
428:
410:
331:
163:
600:
186:
59:
1157:
1315:
1129:
367:
363:
234:
111:
303:
The Scottish Queen's Burial at Peterborough upon Tuesday being Lammas Day, 1587
145:
hanging at the back, worn in England. Paris heads were worn at the funerals of
226:
182:
494:
History of Mary, Queen of Scots translated from the French of Adam Blackwood
351:
343:
286:, who did not come to the funeral, described the events at Peterborough, as
119:
118:
for the day of the funeral. She may have been the Elizabeth Rogers who made
1092:
Le Journal Inédit De Bourgoing Son Mèdecin La Correspondance D'Amyas Paulet
201:. The names of the mourners and banner holders vary in contemporary lists.
1331:
David A. H. B. Taylor, 'Damnatio Memoriae: Iconography', Steven J. Reid,
1263:
Edward Town, "A Biographical Dictionary of London Painters, 1547–1625",
634:
Transactions of the Bristol & Gloucestershire Archaeological Society
427:. The image of Mary may have been partly based on a portrait of Mary at
841:
John Nichols's The Progresses and Public Processions of Queen Elizabeth
358:
and possibly an upholsterer like his predecessor Nicolas Guillebault.
1252:
Catalogue of Antiquities, Works of Art and Historical Scottish Relics
405:
was commissioned to produce the monument to Mary, Queen of Scots, in
142:
138:
62:
described this as the "best stuff". Mary had made verbal bequests of
34:
on 1 August 1587 with a heraldic funeral, following her execution at
1320:
From Tudor to Stuart: The Regime Change from Elizabeth I to James I
1106:
The funeral of Mary, Queen of Scots. A collection of curious tracts
1066:
The funeral of Mary, Queen of Scots. A collection of curious tracts
979:
The funeral of Mary, Queen of Scots. A collection of curious tracts
952:
The funeral of Mary, Queen of Scots. A collection of curious tracts
897:
The funeral of Mary, Queen of Scots. A collection of curious tracts
884:
The funeral of Mary, Queen of Scots. A collection of curious tracts
338:, Elspeth or Elizabeth Curle, and Susanna Kirkcaldy (a daughter of
1242:(University of California, 1997), pp. 167–170: TNA SP14/211 f.58r.
860:(Walter de Gruyter, 2023), p. 25 fig. 1.6, BL MS Add. 35324 f.16r.
381:
371:
211:
124:
15:
1291:
Images of a Queen: Mary Stuart in Sixteenth-century Literature
1007:
Images of a Queen: Mary Stuart in Sixteenth-century Literature
526:
Images of a Queen: Mary Stuart in Sixteenth-century Literature
507:
Images of a Queen: Mary Stuart in Sixteenth-century Literature
245:. The train of the Countess of Bedford's gown was carried by
940:, vol. 9 (Edinburgh, 1915), pp. 456 no. 369, 460 nos. 371-2.
509:(University of California, 1964), p. 152: Alexandre Teulet,
1240:
Images of Rule: Art and Politics in the English Renaissance
665:(London, 1972), pp. 211, 220, 261: Thomas Dudley Fosbroke,
528:(University of California, 1964), p. 128: William K. Boyd,
423:
has a replica of the monument. The epitaph was written by
170:(MS Add. 35324), these show conventional mourning dress.
1278:
Issues of the Exchequer during the reign of King James I
1227:
Issues of the Exchequer during the reign of King James I
459:, 9 (Edinburgh, 1915), pp. 279–280 no. 273, 304 no. 292.
858:
Performing Widowhood on the Early Modern English Stage
693:
Performing Widowhood on the Early Modern English Stage
197:
sister Elizabeth Alington, as a substitute for Susan,
1349:
Burial of Mary, Queen of Scots: Peterborough Journey
78:. Paulet sent an inventory of these latter items to
1225:, 46:2 (April 2007), pp. 263-289: Frederick Devon,
1118:
La Mort de la Royne d'Escosse, Douairiere de France
1078:
La Mort de la Royne d'Escosse, Douairiere de France
913:
La Mort de la Royne d'Escosse, Douairiere de France
827:
Accounts and Papers Relating to Mary Queen of Scots
799:
Accounts and Papers Relating to Mary Queen of Scots
746:
Accounts and Papers Relating to Mary Queen of Scots
733:
La Mort de la Royne d'Escosse, Douairiere de France
720:
Accounts and Papers Relating to Mary Queen of Scots
706:
Accounts and Papers Relating to Mary Queen of Scots
680:
Accounts and Papers Relating to Mary Queen of Scots
618:
Accounts and Papers Relating to Mary Queen of Scots
589:
Accounts and Papers Relating to Mary Queen of Scots
555:
La Mort de la Royne d'Escosse, Douairiere de France
490:
La Mort de la Royne d'Escosse, Douairiere de France
301:An account of the funeral was published in 1589 as
133:, wearing a mourning "barbe" veil beneath her chin
96:organised a funeral or commemorative service at
216:Ruins of the monastic refectory at Peterborough
1009:(University of California, 1964), pp. 199–200.
915:(1588), p. 138, mentions only Barbara Moubray.
181:Mary's body was brought from Fotheringhay via
162:this was perhaps Barbara Moubray, the wife of
801:(London: Camden Society, 1867), pp. 29, 32–33
475:The National Archives (TNA) SP 53/21 fol. 39.
8:
330:known as Beauregard, Christian Hog (wife of
620:(London: Camden Society, 1867), pp. 28, 31.
532:, 9 (Edinburgh, 1915), pp. 443–444 no. 357.
871:Costume for births, marriages & deaths
854:Costume for births, marriages & deaths
708:(London: Camden Society, 1867), pp. 29–32.
663:Costume for births, marriages & deaths
661:Phillis Cunnington & Catherine Lucas,
650:Costume for births, marriages & deaths
543:Costume for births, marriages & deaths
541:Phillis Cunnington & Catherine Lucas,
1293:(University of California, 1964), p. 226.
938:Calendar State Papers Scotland, 1586-1588
869:Phillis Cunnington & Caroline Lucas,
852:Phillis Cunnington & Caroline Lucas,
722:(London: Camden Society, 1867), pp. 33–34
496:(Edinburgh: Maitland Club, 1834), p. 193.
1359:Mary, Queen of Scots: Westminster Abbey
448:
284:Guillaume de l'Aubespine de Châteauneuf
1384:Deaths and funerals of British royalty
856:(London, 1972), p. 222: Asuka Kimura,
774:, 9 (Edinburgh, 1915), p. 457 no. 370.
682:(London: Camden Society, 1867), p. 31.
591:(London: Camden Society, 1867), p. 35.
386:Detail of the replica monument at the
313:English officials on the day included
926:Fotheringhay and Mary, Queen of Scots
785:Fotheringhay and Mary, Queen of Scots
748:(London: Camden Society, 1867), p 43.
695:(Walter de Gruyter, 2023), pp. 22–25.
568:Fotheringhay and Mary, Queen of Scots
425:Henry Howard, 1st Earl of Northampton
350:Hannibal Stewart, Didier Siflard the
225:For the funeral on Tuesday 1 August,
38:on 8 February 1587. In 1612, her son
7:
1354:Old Scarlett: Peterborough Cathedral
1229:(London, 1836), pp. 35, 50, 75, 168.
1152:(8 Feb 2023), pp. 53-4, 61, 70, 72.
1134:'Household of Mary Queen of Scots',
829:(London: Camden Society, 1867), p. 5
473:, vol. 7 (London, 1852), pp. 254–274
431:. In 1610, a servant of the painter
1055:, vol. 9 (Edinburgh, 1915), p. 462.
605:Queen Elizabeth's Wardrobe Unlock'd
247:Lucy Paulet, Lady St John of Basing
1280:(London, 1836), pp. 151, 190, 320.
903:, 9, pp. 459 no. 371, 462 no. 373.
14:
1265:The Volume of the Walpole Society
1033:Calendar of State Papers Scotland
813:Calendar of State Papers Scotland
759:Calendar of State Papers Scotland
54:Mary's servants who were held at
1333:Afterlife of Mary Queen of Scots
1190:, 1:1 (Edinburgh, 1833), p. 186.
1138:, 2 (Glasgow, 1905), pp. 353–354
1174:Letters of Mary, Queen of Scots
1020:Letters of Mary, Queen of Scots
824:Allan Crosby & John Bruce,
796:Allan Crosby & John Bruce,
744:Allan Crosby & John Bruce,
717:Allan Crosby & John Bruce,
704:Allan Crosby & John Bruce,
678:Allan Crosby & John Bruce,
616:Allan Crosby & John Bruce,
587:Allan Crosby & John Bruce,
576:Letters of Mary, Queen of Scots
486:Letters of Mary, Queen of Scots
334:), Mary Pagez, Gillis Mowbray,
1053:Calendar State Papers Scotland
1045:La Morte de la Royne D'Escosse
995:, 4 (Paris, 1862), pp. 204–205
901:Calendar State Papers Scotland
772:Calendar State Papers Scotland
530:Calendar State Papers Scotland
514:, 4 (Paris, 1862), pp. 178–180
457:Calendar State Papers Scotland
1:
1254:(Edinburgh, 1859), p. xxviii.
1207:(London: Sands, 1924), p. 240
1158:10.1080/01611194.2022.2160677
1108:(Edinburgh, 1890), pp. 20–21.
1306:, 46:2 (April 2007), p. 285.
968:, 46:2 (April 2007), p. 269.
954:(Edinburgh, 1890), pp. 19–23
488:, 2 (London, 1843), p. 315:
421:National Museums of Scotland
388:National Museums of Scotland
309:Scottish and French mourners
1094:(Paris: Plon, 1876), p. 483
1051:(Edinburgh, 1834), p. 144:
981:(Edinburgh, 1890), pp. 6-7.
843:, 3 (Oxford, 2014), p. 366.
839:Elizabeth Goldring et al.,
578:, 2 (London, 1843), p. 308.
342:, who acted as Bourgoing's
340:William Kirkcaldy of Grange
84:The National Archives (TNA)
1405:
1304:Journal of British Studies
1223:Journal of British Studies
1205:The tragedy of Fotheringay
1176:, 1 (London, 1842), p. 291
1136:Scottish Historical Review
966:Journal of British Studies
630:Mary Ellen Bagnall-Oakeley
261:Andrew Melville of Garvock
122:embroidery for Elizabeth.
20:Commemorative railings at
1335:(Edinburgh, 2024), p. 44.
1200:Mary Monica Maxwell-Scott
1068:(Edinburgh, 1890), p. 22.
899:(Edinburgh, 1890), p. 5:
321:as Lord Chamberlain, and
1289:James Emerson Phillips,
1005:James Emerson Phillips,
886:(Edinburgh, 1890), p. 4.
524:James Emerson Phillips,
505:James Emerson Phillips,
221:Funeral in the cathedral
42:ordered her reburial at
1322:(Oxford, 2024), p. 278.
1188:Ancient Criminal Trials
873:(London, 1972), p. 144.
669:(London, 1821), p. 211.
652:(London, 1972), p. 214.
648:& Catherine Lucas,
545:(London, 1972), p. 224.
471:Lettres de Marie Stuart
1089:Régis de Chantelauze,
1049:Memoirs of John Napier
607:(Maney, 1988), p. 225.
390:
315:Lord St John of Basing
282:The French ambassador
217:
134:
32:Peterborough Cathedral
24:
22:Peterborough Cathedral
435:, an employee of the
385:
378:Westminster Cathedral
215:
128:
19:
1379:Mary, Queen of Scots
1267:, 76 (2014), p. 137.
1219:The Emblematic Queen
993:Relations Politiques
667:Berkeley Manuscripts
636:, 16 (1892), p. 122.
557:(1588), pp. 131–132.
512:Relations Politiques
468:Alexandre Labanoff,
159:Coventry St Michaels
131:Mary, Queen of Scots
28:Mary, Queen of Scots
1104:R. Prescott-Innes,
1064:R. Prescott-Innes,
977:R. Prescott-Innes,
949:R. Prescott-Innes,
895:R. Prescott-Innes,
882:R. Prescott-Innes,
395:Union of the Crowns
257:Dominique Bourgoing
191:Catherine of Aragon
98:Notre-Dame de Paris
94:Henry III of France
72:Dominique Bourgoing
36:Fotheringhay Castle
1047:(1589), quoted in
1018:Agnes Strickland,
990:Alexandre Teulet,
646:Phillis Cunnington
484:Agnes Strickland,
437:Earl of Shrewsbury
399:English coronation
391:
218:
135:
82:which survives in
80:Francis Walsingham
64:many of her jewels
25:
1276:Frederick Devon,
1186:Robert Pitcairn,
1031:William K. Boyd,
811:William K. Boyd,
770:William K. Boyd,
757:William K. Boyd,
455:William K. Boyd,
407:Westminster Abbey
356:valet de fourrier
317:as Lord Steward,
288:assez solemnelles
273:Bishop of Lincoln
243:Richard Knightley
207:Marmaduke Darrell
147:Elizabeth of York
44:Westminster Abbey
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298:for Henry III.
292:Jérôme Pasquier
269:William Wickham
239:James Harington
223:
195:William Cecil's
175:William Dethick
168:British Library
68:Andrew Melville
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403:Cornelius Cure
393:Following the
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323:Edward Montagu
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294:would bring a
265:Gillis Mowbray
249:or Elizabeth,
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151:Anne of Cleves
104:John Fortescue
90:Adam Blackwood
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40:James VI and I
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1035:, 9, no. 369.
1034:
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842:
836:
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828:
821:
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815:, 9, no. 371.
814:
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793:
790:
786:
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773:
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764:
761:, 9, no. 371.
760:
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623:
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584:
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569:
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429:Hardwick Hall
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411:John de Critz
408:
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155:Lady Berkeley
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1195:
1187:
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1125:
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1085:
1077:
1073:
1065:
1060:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1032:
1027:
1022:, 2, p. 311.
1019:
1014:
1006:
1001:
992:
986:
978:
973:
965:
960:
951:
945:
937:
933:
928:pp. 152–156.
925:
920:
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601:Janet Arnold
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360:
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336:Jean Kennedy
312:
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187:Peterborough
180:
172:
149:in 1503 and
136:
129:Portrait of
115:
102:
88:
76:Jane Kennedy
60:Amias Paulet
53:
50:Preparations
26:
1316:Susan Doran
1150:Cryptologia
1130:Andrew Lang
368:Burntisland
319:Lord Dudley
235:Andrew Noel
112:Elizabeth I
1373:Categories
443:References
267:remained.
227:Lammas Day
183:Huntingdon
352:sommelier
344:chamberer
120:blackwork
116:coiffures
397:and his
366:between
108:Wardrobe
56:Chartley
787:p. 151.
296:mémoire
143:lappets
241:, and
139:barbes
74:, and
372:Leith
364:Forth
419:The
370:and
263:and
1154:doi
346:).
209:.
185:to
157:at
110:of
1375::
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413:.
374:.
305:.
271:,
86:.
70:,
46:.
1156::
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