353:
alleged in a letter to the newspaper are unreferenced by any other sources, and Omori himself chose to forgive writing, "referring to some trouble I had with hoodlums in San
Francisco. I was very glad to see that the people of Hawaii did not like to have me treated in that way, but then it did me no injury and I bear no malice. There are hoodlums in all countries. The people of California treated me extremely well and I am very much pleased with my trip."
124:
426:
readings as well as observed effects to describe damage. Omori described the faulting in
California as parallel to the strike of the fault caused by shear stresses on the plane of fracture. Omori seismographs were rapidly installed all over northern California, and a list of aftershocks to the San Francisco earthquake was compiled and published. Omori returned to Japan 4 August 1906 aboard the
33:
425:
Omori studied the directions of the movement by studying tombstones south of San
Francisco, and cracks in the walls of buildings including the St. James Hotel in San Jose. Correlating damage in Western and Japanese construction, Omori released the first scale of earthquake damage that used instrument
293:
to record experiments carried out at the
Engineering college at the University of Tokyo to investigate the overturning and fracturing of brick and other columns by horizontally applied motion. For many years the modernization of Japan during the Meiji Restoration, through replacement of traditional
261:
cut the surface for at least 40 miles and that the north-east side had shifted relative to the other side a distance of one to two meters. Some areas had 18 to 20 foot high scarps, others looked like a linear mole had been at work. This earthquake provided an initial data set which, when correlated
223:
Omori became chair of seismology at the university and secretary of the
Imperial Earthquake Investigation Committee following Sekya's death on 9 January 1896. He could read English, German, Italian and Japanese and maintained correspondence with many seismologists as well as writing papers in all
352:
racist stoning and slugging of random
Japanese men, however contemporary sources indicate that one boy involved in the stoning of Dr. Omori worked for the Post Office as a messenger was fired by Postmaster Fisk of San Francisco when the Japanese Association of America protested. Other incidents
481:
site 74000292, added 24 July 1974. In 1912 Omori shipped to Hawaii two instruments, an Omori-type
Horizontal Tromometer and a seismograph, to be placed on the specially built foundations. A year later, two more Bosch-Omori seismographs were donated to the HVO by the Massachusetts Institute of
236:
and with minor modifications by the J&A Bosch
Company of Strassburg, the "Bosch-Omori Seismometer". Distributed worldwide, Bosch-Omori seismographs formed the backbone of the world seismographic network until after World War II. The last operating Bosch-Omori seismograph, now operating
269:
Omori conducted measurements of the three principal phases of earthquake motion originally described by Milne: the preliminary tremors, the main portion and the end portion, and visited areas after major earthquakes to ground verify the data collected by his instruments. Omori arrived in
201:, obtained by their measuring devices at the university. In 1886 Sekiya was made chair of seismology and secretary to the Imperial Earthquake Investigation Committee and by the time of his death a decade later, Japan had nearly 1000 seismological recording stations to study
335:
18 May at the head of an
Imperial committee of architects and engineers including Professors Tatsutaro Nakamura and Toshikata ("Riki") Sano to study the aftermath of the San Francisco earthquake and to give a new seismograph to the
343:
Omori and his colleagues spent time in the city measuring damaged buildings and taking photographs. They were reportedly assaulted on more than one occasion. At least two authors state that Omori and colleagues were attacked on
924:
395:
south to San
Francisco by land. Along the way he noticed the reaction of ground, buildings and trees to the earthquake, noting that "even large redwoods trees were split by the shearing motion of the ground."
422:, but pointed out that the line continued 120 miles northward, underwater to the False Cape landslide south of Eureka, California. Many of Omori's photographs from this trip were published.
403:
establishing a Ferndale Seismographic Station that would support the installation of a Bosch-Omori Seismograph in Ferndale. The area is especially interesting due to its proximity to the
1174:"Mayor Makes Apology for Attack on Omori: Citizens of Eureka Are Aroused by Assault on Japanese Seismic Expert". Vol. 100, no. 38. San Francisco Call. 8 July 1906. p. 25.
928:
1391:
1185:"Discovered the Center of quake: Prof. Omori, Japanese Seismologist says he found it on coast between Point Reyes and Point Arena". Daily Humboldt Standard. 26 July 1906.
391:
as well as damage to local property and buildings. Leaving Ferndale, Omori continued a careful inventory of man-made and natural features as he followed the trace of the
1312:
974:
312:, Omori noted the large loss of life, perhaps 75,000 and said that of those 99 percent had died because their houses were not built to withstand earthquakes.
349:
282:
and the complete destruction of Meishan town. He ascribed the high number of casualties due to structure collapse of the dominant local building type:
442:
in 1893 to his death, Omori studied Japanese volcanos. He described several types of volcanic earthquakes from data obtained at regular eruptions of
376:
1122:"Fisk extends Omori Apology: Summarily dismisses boy who struck savant with a stone". Vol. 100, no. 15. San Francisco Call. 15 June 1906.
400:
1396:
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1106:
1079:
877:
495:
462:
478:
1411:
208:
In 1891 Omori was appointed assistant to Sekiya and in 1893 lecturer on seismology at the Imperial University. In 1895, he was sent to
337:
517:
on 4 October 1923. Shortly thereafter, he was diagnosed with a brain tumor and entered the university hospital where he received the
294:
light wooden structures resting on boulders, with red brick buildings and iron bridges, had been a major source of concern or Milne.
1359:
960:
The California earthquake of April 18, 1906 : report of the State Earthquake Investigation Commission, in two volumes and atlas
872:
Clancey, Gregory (2006). Earthquake Nation: The Cultural Politics of Japanese Seismicity. Berkeley: University of California Press.
699:
266:
frequency decreases by approximately the reciprocal of time after the main shock, a mathematical formula now called "Omori's law".
157:
and president of the Japanese Imperial Earthquake Investigation Committee. Omori is also known for his observation describing the
630:
1381:
889:
Nott P. A., Herbert Gustar L. K., John Milne, Father of Modern Seismology: Norbury Publications: Caxton House, Kent 1980, p. 89
250:
1323:
345:
499:
320:
Worldwide, the two most common types of seismographs at the time, the Milne-type and Bosch-Omori seismographs recorded the
321:
996:
518:
474:
469:, Omori designed the foundations and seismograph emplacement for the Whitney Laboratory of Seismology, building 29 near
357:
404:
332:
154:
91:
302:
1133:"Japanese visitors meet disgraceful treatment". Vol. 100, no. 14. San Francisco Call. 14 June 1906.
301:
as the first to research the effects of earthquakes on man-made structures through implementing the usage of
419:
309:
275:
957:
Lawson, Andrew Cowper (1861–1952); State Earthquake Investigation Commission California (19 October 1908).
123:
298:
360:
where on 6 July 1906 he was struck by a ruffian who mistook him for a non-union strikebreaking sailor in
925:"San Francisco Earthquake of April 18, 1906. Observed at Hongo, Tokyo with Omori's Horizontal Pendulum"
898:
Milne, John: Omori, F. Trans Seismological Society, Japan. Vol 13, Pt 1: Effects on Buildings pp. 43–83
414:
In person, and in his writings, Omori followed the visible land trace of the fault 150 miles south to
1406:
1401:
1021:
765:
642:
598:
510:
466:
415:
380:
372:
812:
325:
202:
586:
1037:
968:
560:
361:
174:
1351:
Yokohama burning: the deadly 1923 earthquake and fire that helped forge the path to World War II
927:. John Milne Seismological Library Science Museum Wroughton Library and Archives. Archived from
356:
During the approximately 80 days spent in California, Omori traveled by steamer as far north as
958:
490:
In fall 1923 Omori attended the Second Pan-Pacific Science Congress in Australia, where he and
1355:
1349:
1102:
1075:
873:
855:
695:
683:
564:
506:
and Tokyo on 1 September 1923, killing about 140,000 and leaving 1.9 million people homeless.
454:. At the latter two eruptions, his warnings to the population prevented greater loss of life.
392:
279:
258:
1256:
1029:
847:
773:
650:
606:
407:
offshore. That seismograph continues to operate (now independently) and is exhibited at the
368:
271:
1289:
408:
238:
1012:
Otani, Shunsuke (2006). "A Japanese View of the 1906 San Francisco Earthquake Disaster".
838:
Omori, Fusakichi (1907). "Preliminary Note of the Formosa Earthquake of March 17, 1906".
1025:
769:
717:
Historical Survey of U.S. Seimograph Stations: Geological Survey Professional Paper 1096
646:
602:
1275:
1233:
554:
1072:
The Great Earthquake and Firestorms of 1906: How San Francisco nearly destroyed itself
1375:
1041:
660:
470:
458:
388:
182:
491:
254:
150:
56:
521:
from the Imperial Court a few days before his death at age 55 on 8 November 1923.
232:
In 1899, Omori described his horizontal recording pendulum, later called an Omori
1096:
443:
439:
305:
and comparing experimental results with measurements during actual earthquakes.
233:
348:
by a gang of men and youths who were later hailed by the local press for their
451:
384:
290:
263:
198:
186:
178:
158:
32:
859:
568:
1221:"Daily News". Vol. 100, no. 65. San Francisco Call. 4 August 1906.
447:
162:
1001:. San Francisco, California: A. M. Robertson. p. 371. OCLC# 559920402.
610:
253:
provinces were devastated by earthquakes; their fault lines were traced by
1196:
741:(2). Ferndale, California: The Ferndale Museum: 1, 3–8. March–April 2023.
503:
283:
1159:
Associated Press (7 July 1906). "Mistake Scientist for non-union man".
217:
209:
1033:
851:
813:"British Geological Survey – The National Seismological Archive (NSA)"
340:. Another member of the committee was an architect, Magoichi Noguchi.
181:
until he left Japan in 1895, as well as Japanese colleagues including
177:
serving as professors at the Imperial University of Tokyo, especially
1074:. Berkeley, California: University of California Press. p. 448.
778:
753:
655:
257:(1856–1935), another professor at Imperial University. He found the
197:
Sekiya and Omori published the first clear record of a destructive
912:. Publ. Earthquake Invest. Comm. In Foreign Languages, N.4, Tokyo.
286:
walls loosely cemented with mud and overlaid by heavy roof beams.
213:
122:
910:
Seismic Experiments on the Fracturing and Overturning of Columns
237:
independently of the seismographic network, is exhibited at the
1098:
Earthquake Nation: The Cultural Politics of Japanese Seismicity
795:
Journal of the College of Science, Imperial University of Tokyo
399:
Later, Omori, the University of California (Berkeley), and the
1055:
Crane, Charles S. (10 July 1906). "San Francisco Hoodlumism".
793:
Omori, Fusakichi (1894). "On the aftershocks of earthquakes".
117:
Order of the Sacred Treasure from the Imperial Court of Japan
1276:"Thomas A. Jagger, Jr. and the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory"
840:
Bulletin of the Imperial Earthquake Investigation Committee
719:. Washington, DC: United States Government Printing Office.
438:
From one of his earliest papers describing the eruption of
364:
and the mayor of Eureka promptly apologized to Dr. Omori.
297:
Omori later continued this research and is recognized in
1320:
Geological Society of Australia Earth Science Showcase
383:
which covered the former coast road and created a new
963:. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Publication 87.
1313:"E.F. Pigot – the priest who knew about earthquakes"
113:
105:
97:
87:
79:
63:
42:
23:
324:. Seismologists from around the world arrived in
591:Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America
367:Omori continued his observations south into the
1257:"Whitney Seismograph Vault #29 nomination form"
990:
988:
986:
984:
952:
950:
948:
946:
580:
578:
548:
546:
544:
542:
540:
538:
536:
534:
465:who was planning a volcanic observatory on the
173:Omori studied physics with the initial British
142:
1236:. United States Geological Survey HVO web site
624:
622:
620:
331:Omori left Tokyo 1 May by ship and arrived in
136:
587:"Fusakichi Omori and his work on Earthquakes"
450:eruption and the 12 January 1914 eruption of
8:
1101:. Berkeley: University of California Press.
631:"Obituary Prof. Fusakichi Omori (1868–1923)"
559:. Cambridge The University Press. pp.
973:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
688:Trobada Tècnica Institut d'Estudis Catalans
498:observed a seismograph recording the major
220:briefly on his way home in September 1896.
289:Previously, in 1889 Omori had worked with
185:who in 1880 became the first professor of
31:
20:
1392:Academic staff of the University of Tokyo
777:
654:
846:. Shinsai Yobō Chōsakai (Japan): 53–69.
530:
401:United States Coast and Geodetic Survey
966:
496:Riverview College in Sydney, Australia
262:with other earthquakes, revealed that
494:, the director of the observatory at
477:, state historic site 10-52-5506 and
463:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
375:and noted a giant landslide south of
7:
1274:Apple, Russell A. (4 January 2005).
1261:National Register of Historic Places
728:
726:
479:National Register of Historic Places
147:, 30 October 1868 – 8 November 1923)
1354:. Simon and Schuster. p. 336.
1144:"Hawaii is Safe from Earthquakes".
153:, second chairman of seismology at
161:rate of earthquakes, now known as
14:
998:The California Earthquake of 1906
684:"History of Science in Barcelona"
216:for additional study and visited
276:17 March 1906 Meishan earthquake
245:Global earthquake investigations
1311:Branagan, David (9 June 2009).
1197:"Collections | Ferndale Museum"
553:Davison, Charles (1927). "11".
1348:Hammer, Joshua (August 2006).
1070:Fradkin, Philip (April 2006).
189:at Tokyo Imperial University.
1:
1397:1906 San Francisco earthquake
1163:. Vol. 33, no. 280.
509:Omori returned to Japan from
346:Mission Street, San Francisco
316:San Francisco earthquake 1906
1387:People from Fukui Prefecture
995:Jordan, David Starr (1907).
519:Order of the Sacred Treasure
475:Hawaiian Volcano Observatory
328:shortly after the disaster.
446:in central Japan, the 1910
358:Humboldt County, California
274:(Taiwan) shortly after the
143:
1428:
1412:University of Tokyo alumni
1255:Apple, Russell A. (1972).
733:"Saving the seismograph".
715:Poppe, Barbara B. (1979).
682:Societat Catalana (2003).
556:The Founders of Seismology
1095:Clancey, Gregory (2006).
585:Davison, Charles (1924).
405:Mendocino Triple Junction
155:Tokyo Imperial University
137:
92:Tokyo Imperial University
30:
1263:. National Park Service.
338:University of California
322:San Francisco earthquake
754:"Baron Dairoku Kikuchi"
310:1908 Messina earthquake
149:was a pioneer Japanese
1382:Japanese seismologists
1020:(2_suppl): S183–S205.
752:Koto, Bunjiro (1917).
629:Alden, Andrew (1924).
611:10.1785/BSSA0140040240
500:great Kantō earthquake
299:earthquake engineering
228:Recording seismographs
128:
817:earthquakes.bgs.ac.uk
126:
16:Japanese seismologist
819:. vol XI, Pl. II-XII
511:Melbourne, Australia
467:Big Island of Hawaii
373:Ferndale, California
109:pioneer seismologist
1026:2006EarSp..22..183O
770:1917Natur.100..227K
647:1924Natur.113..133D
603:1924BuSSA..14..240D
434:Volcanic seismicity
326:northern California
278:, later describing
249:On 28 October 1891
203:seismicity in Japan
1232:Apple, Russell A.
1201:ferndalemuseum.com
1161:Los Angeles Herald
1014:Earthquake Spectra
908:Omori, F. (1900).
473:, now part of the
362:Eureka, California
129:
1148:. 14 August 1906.
1108:978-0-520-24607-2
1081:978-0-520-24820-5
1034:10.1193/1.2185647
878:978-0-520-24607-2
764:(2508): 227–228.
393:San Andreas Fault
280:soil liquefaction
259:strike-slip fault
121:
120:
1419:
1366:
1365:
1345:
1339:
1338:
1336:
1334:
1329:on 25 March 2012
1328:
1322:. Archived from
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1308:
1302:
1301:
1299:
1297:
1286:
1280:
1279:
1271:
1265:
1264:
1252:
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1119:
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1112:
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1067:
1061:
1060:
1057:Hawaiian Gazette
1052:
1046:
1045:
1009:
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1002:
992:
979:
978:
972:
964:
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941:
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779:10.1038/100227a0
749:
743:
742:
730:
721:
720:
712:
706:
705:
679:
673:
672:
670:
668:
659:. Archived from
658:
656:10.1038/113133a0
626:
615:
614:
582:
573:
572:
550:
502:which destroyed
486:Final conference
369:Eel River Valley
272:Japanese Formosa
224:four languages.
175:foreign advisors
148:
146:
140:
139:
70:
52:
50:
35:
21:
1427:
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1332:
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1315:
1310:
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1295:
1293:
1292:. 15 March 2001
1290:"Volcano Watch"
1288:
1287:
1283:
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1268:
1254:
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1239:
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1231:
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1049:
1011:
1010:
1006:
994:
993:
982:
965:
956:
955:
944:
934:
932:
931:on 3 April 2012
922:
921:
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907:
906:
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871:
867:
837:
836:
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750:
746:
732:
731:
724:
714:
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709:
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681:
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676:
666:
664:
663:on 2 April 2013
628:
627:
618:
584:
583:
576:
552:
551:
532:
527:
488:
436:
409:Ferndale Museum
318:
284:sun-dried brick
247:
239:Ferndale Museum
230:
195:
171:
144:Ōmori Fusakichi
134:
132:Fusakichi Omori
127:Fusakichi Omori
88:Alma mater
75:
72:
68:
67:8 November 1923
59:
54:
53:30 October 1868
48:
46:
38:
37:Fusakichi Omori
26:
25:Fusakichi Omori
17:
12:
11:
5:
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1360:
1340:
1303:
1281:
1266:
1247:
1224:
1213:
1188:
1177:
1166:
1151:
1146:Hawaii Gazette
1136:
1125:
1114:
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1080:
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942:
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865:
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707:
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674:
616:
597:(4): 240–255.
574:
529:
528:
526:
523:
487:
484:
457:After meeting
435:
432:
317:
314:
303:shaking tables
251:Mino and Owari
246:
243:
241:(California).
229:
226:
194:
191:
170:
167:
119:
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111:
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107:
106:Known for
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102:
99:
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85:
84:
81:
77:
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73:
71:(aged 55)
65:
61:
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55:
44:
40:
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36:
28:
27:
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
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3:
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1361:0-7432-6465-7
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1234:"HVO History"
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701:9788472837102
697:
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641:(2830): 133.
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513:on board the
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471:Volcano House
468:
464:
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459:Thomas Jaggar
455:
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1402:1868 births
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440:Mount Azuma
420:Point Arena
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923:Omori, F.
852:2261/15981
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515:Tenyo Maru
452:Sakurajima
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381:False Cape
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264:aftershock
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