1032:: WikiChip's testing shows FMA4 still appears to work (under the conditions of the tests) despite not being officially supported and not even reported by CPUID. This has also been confirmed by Agner Fog. But other tests gave wrong results. AMD Official Web Site FMA4 Support Note ZEN CPUs = AMD ThreadRipper 1900x, R7 Pro 1800, 1700, R5 Pro 1600, 1500, R3 Pro 1300, 1200, R3 2200G, R5 2400G.
1532:
1122:
The incompatibility between Intel's FMA3 and AMD's FMA4 is due to both companies changing plans without coordinating coding details with each other. AMD changed their plans from FMA3 to FMA4 while Intel changed their plans from FMA4 to FMA3 almost at the same time. The history can be summarized as
1221:
package that has since been rectified. One unconfirmed report of wrong results led to some doubt, but
Mysticial (Alexander Yee, developer of y-cruncher) debunked it: FMA4 worked for bit-exact bignum calculations on his Zen 1 system for years, and the one report on Reddit never had any followup
1222:
investigation to rule out mistakes in the testing software before being widely repeated. The initial Ryzen CPUs could be crashed by a particular sequence of FMA3 instructions, but updated CPU microcode fixes the problem.
1166:
AMD changes the specification of their FMA instructions from the 3-operand DREX form to the 4-operand VEX form, compatible with the April 2008 Intel specification rather than the
December 2008 Intel
1880:
1820:
1560:
1546:
1318:"FMA3 and FMA4 are not instruction sets, they are individual instructions -- fused multiply add. They could be quite useful depending on how Intel and AMD implement them"
1799:
169:. The three-operand form makes the code shorter and the hardware implementation slightly simpler, while the four-operand form provides more programming flexibility.
2600:
1347:
1388:
2439:
2403:
2293:
1855:
2481:
1137:
instruction set, which includes 3-operand FMA instructions. A new coding scheme (DREX) is introduced for allowing instructions to have three operands.
2969:
2000:
1217:
instruction. There has been confusion regarding whether FMA4 was implemented or not on this processor due to errata in the initial patch to the
2526:
2148:
1603:
1160:
Intel changes the specification for their FMA instructions from 4-operand to 3-operand instructions. The VEX coding scheme is still used.
2593:
1232:
and later Ryzen processors don't support FMA4 at all. They continue to support FMA3. Only Zen 1 and Zen+ have unofficial FMA4 support.
2694:
2612:
2511:
2469:
1654:
2975:
2854:
2730:
2620:
2255:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
111:
1834:
2985:
2624:
1682:
1474:
134:
to allow the result to fit within the destination register if there are too many significant bits to fit within the destination.
1512:
1015:
200:
2586:
2496:
2286:
1184:
1009:
193:
78:
2551:
1898:
1174:
1021:
1003:
90:
64:
2871:
2531:
2398:
1993:
1392:
1321:
2486:
1200:
216:
86:
1365:"The microarchitecture of Intel, AMD and VIA CPUs An optimization guide for assembly programmers and compiler makers"
2829:
2793:
2342:
2196:
1147:
3048:
3038:
2944:
2900:
2755:
2279:
114:
operations, but FMA3 instructions have three operands, while FMA4 ones have four. The FMA operation has the form
35:
2506:
1926:
1150:
and FMA instruction sets, including 4-operand FMA instructions. The coding of these instructions uses the new
3043:
2950:
2879:
2650:
2645:
2546:
2536:
2464:
1986:
1245:
1029:
1574:
1263:
1257:
1251:
103:
49:
2718:
2567:
2491:
2357:
2332:
1912:
1707:
1287:
2920:
2743:
2541:
2393:
2206:
2123:
1965:
1475:"New "Bulldozer" and "Piledriver" Instructions A step forward for high performance software development"
1454:"AMD64 Architecture Programmer's Manual Volume 6: 128-Bit and 256-Bit XOP, FMA4 and CVT16 Instructions"
67:
architecture. FMA4 was performed in hardware before FMA3 was. Support for FMA4 has been removed since
2961:
2932:
2677:
1183:
AMD announces FMA3 support in future processors codenamed
Trinity and Vishera; they are based on the
102:
FMA3 and FMA4 instructions have almost identical functionality, but are not compatible. Both contain
2914:
2805:
2260:
2201:
2034:
173:
3005:
2999:
2993:
2474:
2118:
1658:
1260:
2012 supports FMA3 instructions (if the processor also supports AVX2 instruction set extension).
1732:
2884:
2682:
2662:
2449:
2408:
1892:
1814:
1341:
1293:
391:
Explicit order of operands is included in the mnemonic using numbers "132", "213", and "231":
82:
2846:
2459:
2352:
1779:
1758:
2609:
2516:
2337:
45:
2143:
107:
42:
1951:
1364:
1248:
supports FMA4 with -mfma4 since version 4.5.0 and FMA3 with -mfma since version 4.7.0.
3032:
2362:
2158:
2138:
2133:
1495:
1881:"AMD Bulldozer only FMA4 and XOP instructions are supported by GCC Intel still mute"
2367:
1433:
1413:
1218:
153:
to be four different registers, while the three-operand form (FMA3) requires that
2908:
2372:
1296:
supports FMA3 instructions since version 2.03 and FMA4 instructions since 2.06.
2454:
2413:
2327:
2153:
2093:
2088:
2044:
1151:
2578:
2938:
2860:
2701:
2638:
2633:
2521:
2501:
2377:
2347:
2128:
2098:
1453:
1269:
1210:
491:
as well as operand format (packed or scalar) and size (single or double).
2322:
2317:
2168:
2163:
131:
2823:
2706:
2689:
2672:
2655:
2072:
1630:
224:
220:
2926:
2889:
2749:
2191:
2186:
2039:
2029:
1733:"Intel Architecture Instruction Set Extensions Programming Reference"
1281:
1930:
206:
2nd gen "Bulldozer" (bdver2) with
Piledriver cores, October 23, 2012
17:
2271:
1213:
processors officially supports FMA3, but not FMA4 according to the
176:
for more discussion of compatibility issues between Intel and AMD.
2835:
2773:
2713:
2423:
2418:
2302:
2024:
1634:
1610:
1229:
1214:
1143:
68:
1978:
1657:. Dave Christie, AMD Developer blogs. May 6, 2009. Archived from
1241:
Different compilers provide different levels of support for FMA:
2817:
2799:
2785:
2779:
2767:
2761:
2667:
2444:
2250:
2067:
1582:
1299:
1275:
1134:
2582:
2275:
1982:
2734:
2009:
1835:"AMD Ryzen Machine Crashes to a Sequence of FMA3 Instructions"
1578:
1481:
1460:
1130:
60:
39:
1154:
coding scheme, which is more flexible than AMD's DREX scheme.
1708:"Software Optimization Guide for AMD Family 15h Processors"
1278:
3.1 adds FMA4 support, along with preliminary FMA3 support.
1966:"Enable detection of AVX and AVX2 support through CPUID"
1631:"Intel Advanced Vector Extensions Programming Reference"
1604:"Intel Advanced Vector Extensions Programming Reference"
1802:. 2019-07-16. Archived from the original on 2019-08-22
1780:"[PATCH] Remove CpuFMA4 from Znver1 CPU Flags"
1513:"Discussion – Ryzen has undocumented support for FMA4"
1328:. Great Internet Mersenne Prime Search (GIMPS) project
1193:
AMD Piledriver processor supports both FMA3 and FMA4.
1677:
1675:
2984:
2960:
2898:
2870:
2845:
2729:
2619:
2560:
2432:
2386:
2310:
2179:
2111:
2081:
2060:
2053:
2017:
1913:"FMA4 Intrinsics Added for Visual Studio 2010 SP1"
1887:. Archived from the original on November 17, 2011.
1040:Intel has not released CPUs with support for FMA4.
77:is supported in AMD processors starting with the
1819:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
1507:
1505:
27:X86 instruction set extension developed by Intel
1496:"Agner's CPU blog - Test results for AMD Ryzen"
2857:(ABM: 2007, BMI1: 2012, BMI2: 2013, TBM: 2012)
1874:
1872:
2594:
2287:
1994:
8:
1683:"New Bulldozer and Piledriver Instructions"
1346:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
52:(FMA) operations. There are two variants:
2601:
2587:
2579:
2440:Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller
2404:Intel Communication Streaming Architecture
2294:
2280:
2272:
2057:
2001:
1987:
1979:
2482:High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection
2221:
2216:
1302:supports both FMA3 and FMA4 instructions.
1757:Gopalasubramanian, Ganesh (2015-03-10).
1050:
628:
493:
393:
239:
2917:(2008); ARMv8 also has AES instructions
1311:
387:generates a −0 for all inputs are zero.
130:), where the round function performs a
34:is an extension to the 128 and 256-bit
2527:Platform Environment Control Interface
1890:
1812:
1759:"[PATCH] add znver1 processor"
1561:"www.amd.com, FMA4 support model list"
1547:"www.amd.com, FMA4 support model list"
1533:"www.amd.com, FMA4 support model list"
1339:
1856:"Stack Overflow comment by Mysticial"
1800:"Stack Overflow comment by Mysticial"
7:
1359:
1357:
1254:2010 SP1 supports FMA4 instructions.
219:(2013) and newer processors, except
196:(2012) and newer microarchitectures
137:The four-operand form (FMA4) allows
1389:"AMD and the Visual Studio 11 Beta"
2512:Host Embedded Controller Interface
374:result = − (a · b + c)
25:
1581:Developer Central. Archived from
3017:Suspended extensions' dates are
1879:Latif, Lawrence (Nov 14, 2011).
370:result = − a · b + c
345:result = − a · b − c
311:result = + a · b − c
298:result = − a · b + c
264:result = + a · b + c
203:, "Trinity" (32nm), May 15, 2012
1387:Maffeo, Robin (March 1, 2012).
1290:support only FMA3 instructions.
329: for i = 0, 2, ...
282: for i = 0, 2, ...
1575:"128-Bit SSE5 Instruction Set"
1237:Compiler and assembler support
327:result = a · b + c
324: for i = 1, 3, ...
322:result = a · b − c
280:result = a · b − c
277: for i = 1, 3, ...
275:result = a · b + c
1:
1095:ymm, ymm, ymm/m256, ymm/m256
1087:xmm, xmm, xmm/m128, xmm/m128
1079:ymm, ymm, ymm/m256, ymm/m256
1068:xmm, xmm, xmm/m128, xmm/m128
1000:"Heavy Equipment" processors
63:processors starting with the
2470:Active Management Technology
2399:MultiProcessor Specification
1320:Woltmann, George (Prime95).
1209:The first generation of AMD
1006:processors, October 12, 2011
237:Supported commands include
1326:mersenneforum.org/index.php
1284:5.0 adds "limited support".
1111:xmm, xmm, xmm/m32, xmm/m32
1103:xmm, xmm, xmm/m64, xmm/m64
1024:processors (including "v2")
3065:
1778:Pawar, Amit (2015-08-07).
1434:"CPU-Z - ID : kr2mlx"
1414:"CPU-Z - ID : y5z6gq"
3015:
1897:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1272:supports FMA4 with -mfma.
1070:
928:
891:a = b · c + a
889:
886:
815:
778:a = b · a + c
776:
773:
702:
665:a = a · c + b
663:
660:
541:
526:
472:a = b · c + a
447:a = b · a + c
422:a = a · c + b
320:
314:
273:
267:
36:Streaming SIMD Extensions
2814:(FMA4: 2011, FMA3: 2012)
2507:Serial Digital Video Out
2497:Rapid Storage Technology
1952:"LLVM 3.1 Release Notes"
1203:processor supports FMA3.
1177:processor supports FMA4.
969:VEX.LIG.66.0F38.W0 B9 /r
952:VEX.LIG.66.0F38.W1 B9 /r
935:VEX.128.66.0F38.W0 B8 /r
915:VEX.128.66.0F38.W1 B8 /r
898:VEX.256.66.0F38.W0 B8 /r
873:VEX.256.66.0F38.W1 B8 /r
856:VEX.LIG.66.0F38.W0 A9 /r
839:VEX.LIG.66.0F38.W1 A9 /r
822:VEX.128.66.0F38.W0 A8 /r
802:VEX.128.66.0F38.W1 A8 /r
785:VEX.256.66.0F38.W0 A8 /r
760:VEX.256.66.0F38.W1 A8 /r
743:VEX.LIG.66.0F38.W0 99 /r
726:VEX.LIG.66.0F38.W1 99 /r
709:VEX.128.66.0F38.W0 98 /r
689:VEX.128.66.0F38.W1 98 /r
672:VEX.256.66.0F38.W0 98 /r
647:VEX.256.66.0F38.W1 98 /r
157:be the same register as
2872:Compressed instructions
2552:Ultra Path Interconnect
2537:Platform Controller Hub
2465:Intel Management Engine
106:(FMA) instructions for
2568:Silicon Photonics Link
2532:QuickPath Interconnect
2542:System Management Bus
2487:High Definition Audio
2394:Common Building Block
2124:High Bandwidth Memory
1391:. AMD. Archived from
1322:"Intel AVX and GIMPS"
2962:Transactional memory
1655:"Striking a balance"
1264:Microsoft Visual C++
1258:Microsoft Visual C++
1252:Microsoft Visual C++
1054:Mnemonic (AT&T)
987:FMA4 instruction set
180:FMA3 instruction set
91:Broadwell processors
38:instructions in the
1395:on November 9, 2013
929:xmm, xmm, xmm/m128
887:ymm, ymm, ymm/m256
816:xmm, xmm, xmm/m128
774:ymm, ymm, ymm/m256
703:xmm, xmm, xmm/m128
661:ymm, ymm, ymm/m256
174:XOP instruction set
32:FMA instruction set
1915:. 4 February 2013.
980:xmm, xmm, xmm/m32
963:xmm, xmm, xmm/m64
867:xmm, xmm, xmm/m32
850:xmm, xmm, xmm/m64
754:xmm, xmm, xmm/m32
737:xmm, xmm, xmm/m64
104:fused multiply–add
87:Haswell processors
50:fused multiply–add
3026:
3025:
2576:
2575:
2450:Intel Turbo Boost
2409:Intel Inboard 386
2269:
2268:
2107:
2106:
1927:"EKOPath man doc"
1115:
1114:
1047:Excerpt from FMA4
1016:Steamroller-based
984:
983:
624:
623:
489:
488:
350:
349:
233:Excerpt from FMA3
81:architecture and
16:(Redirected from
3056:
3049:AMD technologies
3039:X86 instructions
2847:Bit manipulation
2603:
2596:
2589:
2580:
2492:Hub Architecture
2460:Intel Secure Key
2296:
2289:
2282:
2273:
2058:
2003:
1996:
1989:
1980:
1974:
1973:
1962:
1956:
1955:
1948:
1942:
1941:
1939:
1938:
1929:. Archived from
1923:
1917:
1916:
1909:
1903:
1902:
1896:
1888:
1876:
1867:
1866:
1864:
1863:
1852:
1846:
1845:
1843:
1842:
1831:
1825:
1824:
1818:
1810:
1808:
1807:
1796:
1790:
1789:
1787:
1786:
1775:
1769:
1768:
1766:
1765:
1754:
1748:
1747:
1745:
1743:
1737:
1729:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1718:
1712:
1704:
1698:
1697:
1695:
1693:
1687:
1679:
1670:
1669:
1667:
1666:
1651:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1641:
1627:
1621:
1620:
1618:
1617:
1608:
1600:
1594:
1593:
1591:
1590:
1571:
1565:
1564:
1557:
1551:
1550:
1543:
1537:
1536:
1529:
1523:
1522:
1520:
1519:
1509:
1500:
1499:
1492:
1486:
1485:
1479:
1471:
1465:
1464:
1458:
1450:
1444:
1443:
1441:
1440:
1430:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1420:
1410:
1404:
1403:
1401:
1400:
1384:
1378:
1377:
1375:
1374:
1369:
1361:
1352:
1351:
1345:
1337:
1335:
1333:
1316:
1146:announces their
1051:
1010:Piledriver-based
970:
953:
936:
916:
899:
892:
874:
857:
840:
823:
803:
786:
779:
761:
744:
727:
710:
690:
673:
666:
648:
629:
626:This results in
587:
562:
547:
532:
494:
484:
478:
473:
459:
453:
448:
434:
428:
423:
394:
375:
371:
346:
328:
323:
312:
299:
281:
276:
265:
240:
59:is supported in
21:
3064:
3063:
3059:
3058:
3057:
3055:
3054:
3053:
3029:
3028:
3027:
3022:
3011:
2980:
2956:
2894:
2866:
2841:
2725:
2615:
2610:Instruction set
2607:
2577:
2572:
2556:
2517:Hyper-threading
2428:
2382:
2306:
2300:
2270:
2265:
2175:
2103:
2077:
2049:
2035:Radeon Software
2013:
2007:
1977:
1964:
1963:
1959:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1936:
1934:
1925:
1924:
1920:
1911:
1910:
1906:
1889:
1878:
1877:
1870:
1861:
1859:
1854:
1853:
1849:
1840:
1838:
1837:. 16 March 2017
1833:
1832:
1828:
1811:
1805:
1803:
1798:
1797:
1793:
1784:
1782:
1777:
1776:
1772:
1763:
1761:
1756:
1755:
1751:
1741:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1730:
1726:
1716:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1705:
1701:
1691:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1680:
1673:
1664:
1662:
1661:on July 8, 2012
1653:
1652:
1648:
1639:
1637:
1629:
1628:
1624:
1615:
1613:
1606:
1602:
1601:
1597:
1588:
1586:
1573:
1572:
1568:
1559:
1558:
1554:
1545:
1544:
1540:
1531:
1530:
1526:
1517:
1515:
1511:
1510:
1503:
1494:
1493:
1489:
1484:. October 2012.
1477:
1473:
1472:
1468:
1456:
1452:
1451:
1447:
1438:
1436:
1432:
1431:
1427:
1418:
1416:
1412:
1411:
1407:
1398:
1396:
1386:
1385:
1381:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1363:
1362:
1355:
1338:
1331:
1329:
1319:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1288:Intel compilers
1239:
1120:
1049:
1022:Excavator-based
1004:Bulldozer-based
994:
989:
968:
951:
934:
914:
897:
890:
872:
855:
838:
821:
801:
784:
777:
759:
742:
725:
708:
688:
671:
664:
646:
585:
560:
545:
530:
509:
498:
482:
476:
471:
457:
451:
446:
435:(other factor)
432:
426:
421:
406:
398:
373:
369:
344:
326:
325:
321:
310:
297:
279:
278:
274:
263:
235:
187:
182:
100:
46:instruction set
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3062:
3060:
3052:
3051:
3046:
3044:SIMD computing
3041:
3031:
3030:
3024:
3023:
3019:struck through
3016:
3013:
3012:
3010:
3009:
3003:
2997:
2990:
2988:
2986:Virtualization
2982:
2981:
2979:
2978:
2973:
2966:
2964:
2958:
2957:
2955:
2954:
2948:
2942:
2936:
2930:
2924:
2918:
2912:
2905:
2903:
2896:
2895:
2893:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2876:
2874:
2868:
2867:
2865:
2864:
2858:
2851:
2849:
2843:
2842:
2840:
2839:
2833:
2827:
2821:
2815:
2809:
2803:
2797:
2791:
2783:
2777:
2771:
2765:
2759:
2753:
2747:
2740:
2738:
2727:
2726:
2724:
2723:
2722:
2721:
2711:
2710:
2709:
2699:
2698:
2697:
2687:
2686:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2660:
2659:
2658:
2653:
2643:
2642:
2641:
2630:
2628:
2617:
2616:
2608:
2606:
2605:
2598:
2591:
2583:
2574:
2573:
2571:
2570:
2564:
2562:
2558:
2557:
2555:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2478:
2477:
2467:
2462:
2457:
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2355:
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2284:
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2266:
2264:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2247:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2226:
2225:
2224:
2219:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2183:
2181:
2177:
2176:
2174:
2173:
2172:
2171:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2115:
2113:
2109:
2108:
2105:
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2102:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2085:
2083:
2079:
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2076:
2075:
2070:
2064:
2062:
2055:
2051:
2050:
2048:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2021:
2019:
2015:
2014:
2008:
2006:
2005:
1998:
1991:
1983:
1976:
1975:
1957:
1943:
1918:
1904:
1868:
1847:
1826:
1791:
1770:
1749:
1724:
1699:
1671:
1646:
1622:
1595:
1566:
1552:
1538:
1524:
1501:
1487:
1466:
1463:. May 1, 2009.
1445:
1425:
1405:
1379:
1353:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1303:
1297:
1291:
1285:
1279:
1273:
1267:
1261:
1255:
1249:
1238:
1235:
1234:
1233:
1223:
1207:February 2017:
1204:
1194:
1188:
1178:
1168:
1167:specification.
1161:
1158:December 2008:
1155:
1138:
1133:announces the
1119:
1116:
1113:
1112:
1109:
1105:
1104:
1101:
1097:
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1088:
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1055:
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1042:
1041:
1035:
1034:
1033:
1027:
1026:
1025:
1019:
1013:
1007:
993:
992:CPUs with FMA4
990:
988:
985:
982:
981:
978:
971:
965:
964:
961:
954:
948:
947:
937:
931:
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487:
486:
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474:
469:
462:
461:
455:
449:
444:
437:
436:
430:
424:
419:
412:
411:
408:
407:memory operand
403:
400:
389:
388:
377:
357:
356:
354:
348:
347:
342:
331:
330:
319:
313:
308:
301:
300:
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284:
283:
272:
266:
261:
254:
253:
250:
247:
244:
234:
231:
230:
229:
228:
227:
211:
210:
209:
208:
207:
204:
186:
185:CPUs with FMA3
183:
181:
178:
108:floating-point
99:
96:
95:
94:
85:starting with
72:
43:microprocessor
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3061:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3036:
3034:
3020:
3014:
3007:
3004:
3001:
2998:
2995:
2992:
2991:
2989:
2987:
2983:
2977:
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2971:
2968:
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2931:
2928:
2925:
2922:
2919:
2916:
2913:
2910:
2907:
2906:
2904:
2902:
2899:Security and
2897:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2877:
2875:
2873:
2869:
2862:
2859:
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2807:
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2775:
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2705:
2704:
2703:
2700:
2696:
2693:
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2679:
2676:
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2669:
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2632:
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2622:
2618:
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2604:
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2569:
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2559:
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2528:
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2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
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2500:
2498:
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2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2476:
2473:
2472:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
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2431:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
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2400:
2397:
2395:
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2389:
2385:
2379:
2376:
2374:
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2336:
2334:
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2329:
2326:
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2321:
2319:
2316:
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2313:
2309:
2304:
2297:
2292:
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2285:
2283:
2278:
2277:
2274:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2231:
2230:
2227:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2214:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2178:
2170:
2167:
2166:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2116:
2114:
2110:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2080:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2065:
2063:
2059:
2056:
2052:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2022:
2020:
2016:
2011:
2004:
1999:
1997:
1992:
1990:
1985:
1984:
1981:
1972:. 2012-04-26.
1971:
1967:
1961:
1958:
1953:
1947:
1944:
1933:on 2016-06-23
1932:
1928:
1922:
1919:
1914:
1908:
1905:
1900:
1894:
1886:
1882:
1875:
1873:
1869:
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1801:
1795:
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1660:
1656:
1650:
1647:
1636:
1632:
1626:
1623:
1612:
1605:
1599:
1596:
1585:on 2008-01-15
1584:
1580:
1576:
1570:
1567:
1562:
1556:
1553:
1548:
1542:
1539:
1534:
1528:
1525:
1514:
1508:
1506:
1502:
1498:. 2017-05-02.
1497:
1491:
1488:
1483:
1476:
1470:
1467:
1462:
1455:
1449:
1446:
1435:
1429:
1426:
1415:
1409:
1406:
1394:
1390:
1383:
1380:
1366:
1360:
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1327:
1323:
1315:
1312:
1306:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1266:since VC 2013
1265:
1262:
1259:
1256:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1243:
1242:
1236:
1231:
1227:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1187:architecture.
1186:
1182:
1181:January 2012:
1179:
1176:
1172:
1171:October 2011:
1169:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1124:
1117:
1110:
1107:
1106:
1102:
1099:
1098:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1078:
1075:
1074:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1052:
1046:
1039:
1038:
1036:
1031:
1028:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1002:
1001:
999:
998:
996:
995:
991:
986:
979:
976:
972:
967:
966:
962:
959:
955:
950:
949:
946:
942:
938:
933:
932:
926:
922:
918:
913:
912:
909:
905:
901:
896:
895:
884:
880:
876:
871:
870:
866:
863:
859:
854:
853:
849:
846:
842:
837:
836:
833:
829:
825:
820:
819:
813:
809:
805:
800:
799:
796:
792:
788:
783:
782:
771:
767:
763:
758:
757:
753:
750:
746:
741:
740:
736:
733:
729:
724:
723:
720:
716:
712:
707:
706:
700:
696:
692:
687:
686:
683:
679:
675:
670:
669:
658:
654:
650:
645:
644:
640:
637:
634:
631:
630:
627:
619:
616:
612:
609:
606:
602:
601:
597:
594:
590:
584:
581:
577:
576:
572:
569:
565:
559:
556:
552:
551:
544:
539:
535:
529:
524:
520:
519:
515:
512:
507:
504:
501:
496:
495:
492:
481:
475:
470:
468:
464:
463:
456:
450:
445:
443:
439:
438:
431:
425:
420:
418:
414:
413:
409:
404:
401:
396:
395:
392:
386:
382:
378:
367:
363:
359:
358:
355:
352:
351:
343:
341:
337:
333:
332:
318:
309:
307:
303:
302:
296:
294:
290:
286:
285:
271:
262:
260:
256:
255:
251:
248:
245:
242:
241:
238:
232:
226:
222:
218:
215:
214:
212:
205:
202:
198:
197:
195:
192:
191:
189:
188:
184:
179:
177:
175:
170:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
135:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
97:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
73:
70:
66:
62:
58:
55:
54:
53:
51:
47:
44:
41:
37:
33:
19:
3018:
2901:cryptography
2811:
2788:
2475:AMT versions
2387:Discontinued
2211:
2180:Instructions
2119:Cool'n'Quiet
1969:
1960:
1946:
1935:. Retrieved
1931:the original
1921:
1907:
1885:The Inquirer
1884:
1860:. Retrieved
1858:. 2019-07-16
1850:
1839:. Retrieved
1829:
1804:. Retrieved
1794:
1783:. Retrieved
1773:
1762:. Retrieved
1752:
1740:. Retrieved
1727:
1715:. Retrieved
1702:
1690:. Retrieved
1663:. Retrieved
1659:the original
1649:
1638:. Retrieved
1625:
1614:. Retrieved
1598:
1587:. Retrieved
1583:the original
1569:
1555:
1541:
1527:
1516:. Retrieved
1490:
1469:
1448:
1437:. Retrieved
1428:
1417:. Retrieved
1408:
1397:. Retrieved
1393:the original
1382:
1371:. Retrieved
1330:. Retrieved
1325:
1314:
1240:
1225:
1219:GNU Binutils
1206:
1196:
1190:
1180:
1170:
1163:
1157:
1140:
1128:August 2007:
1127:
1121:
1071:a = b·c + d
974:
957:
944:
940:
924:
920:
907:
903:
882:
878:
861:
844:
831:
827:
811:
807:
794:
790:
769:
765:
748:
731:
718:
714:
698:
694:
681:
677:
656:
652:
625:
614:
604:
592:
579:
567:
554:
537:
522:
490:
466:
441:
416:
390:
384:
380:
372:, not
365:
361:
339:
335:
316:
305:
292:
288:
269:
258:
236:
171:
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
136:
127:
123:
119:
115:
101:
98:Instructions
74:
56:
31:
29:
2885:MIPS16e ASE
2547:Thunderbolt
1141:April 2008:
410:overwrites
110:scalar and
93:since 2014.
48:to perform
3033:Categories
2613:extensions
2414:Intel Play
2353:Skulltrail
2323:Centrino 2
2305:technology
2207:CVT16/F16C
2154:AMD Wraith
2144:Turbo Core
2112:Technology
2045:Xilinx ISE
2012:technology
1937:2013-07-24
1862:2023-09-01
1841:2017-09-10
1806:2023-09-01
1785:2022-05-01
1764:2022-05-01
1665:2018-11-07
1640:2009-05-06
1616:2008-04-05
1589:2008-01-28
1518:2017-05-10
1439:2022-05-01
1419:2022-05-01
1399:2018-11-07
1373:2017-05-02
1307:References
1226:July 2019:
1197:June 2013:
1185:Piledriver
1092:VFMADDPSy
1084:VFMADDPSx
1076:VFMADDPDy
1065:VFMADDPDx
1060:Operation
1018:processors
1012:processors
641:Operation
620:8× 64 bit
610:16× 32 bit
598:4× 64 bit
573:2× 64 bit
485:(summand)
252:Operation
194:Piledriver
79:Piledriver
2702:Power ISA
2683:MIPS SIMD
2522:Omni-Path
2502:SpeedStep
2348:Ultrabook
2311:Platforms
2139:PowerTune
2134:PowerPlay
2129:PowerNow!
2054:Platforms
1270:PathScale
1191:May 2012:
1175:Bulldozer
1164:May 2009:
1123:follows:
1108:VFMADDSS
1100:VFMADDSD
1057:Operands
638:Operands
635:Mnemonic
632:Encoding
588:8× 32 bit
563:4× 32 bit
513:precision
502:precision
460:(factor)
454:(summand)
402:Operation
368:is
246:Operation
65:Bulldozer
3008:(AMD-Vi)
2561:Upcoming
2318:Centrino
2169:Ryzen AI
2082:Obsolete
2018:Software
1893:cite web
1815:cite web
1717:19 April
1342:cite web
479:(factor)
429:(factor)
405:possible
249:Mnemonic
243:Mnemonic
225:Celerons
221:Pentiums
199:2nd gen
132:rounding
118:= round(
2909:PadLock
2824:AVX-512
2690:PA-RISC
2673:MIPS-3D
2433:Current
2363:Galileo
2073:GPUOpen
2061:Current
1742:25 July
1738:. Intel
1692:25 July
1332:27 July
1201:Haswell
1118:History
548:64 bit
508:Postfix
497:Postfix
465:
440:
415:
397:Postfix
217:Haswell
3002:(2006)
2996:(2005)
2972:(2013)
2953:(2021)
2947:(2015)
2941:(2015)
2935:(2013)
2929:(2012)
2927:RDRAND
2923:(2010)
2915:AES-NI
2911:(2003)
2863:(2014)
2838:(2023)
2832:(2022)
2826:(2015)
2820:(2013)
2808:(2009)
2802:(2009)
2796:(2008)
2789:(2007)
2782:(2006)
2776:(2006)
2770:(2004)
2764:(2001)
2758:(1999)
2752:(1998)
2750:3DNow!
2746:(1996)
2368:Edison
2338:Tablet
2192:3DNow!
2187:X86-64
2159:Virtex
2094:Dragon
2089:Spider
2040:Vivado
2030:AMDGPU
1282:Open64
1199:Intel
1037:Intel
973:VFMADD
956:VFMADD
939:VFMADD
919:VFMADD
902:VFMADD
877:VFMADD
860:VFMADD
843:VFMADD
826:VFMADD
806:VFMADD
789:VFMADD
764:VFMADD
747:VFMADD
730:VFMADD
713:VFMADD
693:VFMADD
676:VFMADD
651:VFMADD
542:Double
533:32 bit
527:Single
317:SUBADD
270:ADDSUB
213:Intel
3000:AMD-V
2921:CLMUL
2880:Thumb
2836:AVX10
2774:SSSE3
2714:SPARC
2634:Alpha
2424:MMC-2
2419:MMC-1
2373:Curie
2303:Intel
2099:Horus
2025:AGESA
1736:(PDF)
1713:. AMD
1711:(PDF)
1688:. AMD
1686:(PDF)
1635:Intel
1611:Intel
1607:(PDF)
1478:(PDF)
1457:(PDF)
1368:(PDF)
1230:Zen 2
1215:CPUID
1211:Ryzen
1144:Intel
516:size
83:Intel
69:Zen 1
3006:VT-d
2994:VT-x
2818:AVX2
2800:F16C
2786:SSE5
2780:SSE4
2768:SSE3
2762:SSE2
2731:SIMD
2668:MDMX
2663:MIPS
2651:NEON
2625:RISC
2621:SIMD
2455:vPro
2445:CNVi
2343:CULV
2328:Viiv
2251:SSE5
2239:BMI1
2222:FMA3
2217:FMA4
2164:XDNA
2149:ASTC
2068:ROCm
1970:LLVM
1899:link
1821:link
1744:2013
1719:2012
1694:2013
1348:link
1334:2011
1300:FASM
1294:NASM
1276:LLVM
1228:AMD
1173:AMD
1135:SSE5
997:AMD
531:00×
505:size
353:Note
223:and
201:APUs
190:AMD
172:See
149:and
112:SIMD
89:and
75:FMA3
57:FMA4
30:The
18:FMA4
2976:ASF
2970:TSX
2951:TDX
2945:SGX
2939:MPX
2933:SHA
2890:RVC
2861:ADX
2855:BMI
2830:AMX
2812:FMA
2806:XOP
2794:AVX
2756:SSE
2744:MMX
2735:x86
2719:VIS
2707:VMX
2695:MAX
2678:MXU
2656:SVE
2646:ARM
2639:MVI
2378:Evo
2358:NUC
2333:MID
2261:AES
2256:ASF
2244:TBM
2234:ABM
2229:BMI
2212:FMA
2202:XOP
2197:AVX
2010:AMD
1579:AMD
1482:AMD
1461:AMD
1246:GCC
1152:VEX
1148:AVX
1131:AMD
1030:Zen
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975:231
960:SD
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941:231
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879:231
864:SS
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847:SD
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791:213
766:213
751:SS
749:132
734:SD
732:132
715:132
695:132
678:132
653:132
546:0×
467:231
442:213
417:132
385:SUB
366:ADD
340:SUB
315:VFM
306:SUB
304:VFM
293:ADD
268:VFM
259:ADD
257:VFM
165:or
61:AMD
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717:PS
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379:VF
360:VF
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287:VF
161:,
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523:S
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477:c
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433:a
427:c
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