51:
2186:, and although he had some criticisms on ibn Sina, Razi was greatly affected by him. The most important instance showing the synthesis of Razi's thought may be the problem of the eternity of the world and its relation to God. He tried to reorganize the arguments of theologians and philosophers on this subject, collected and critically examined the arguments of both sides. He considered, for the most part, the philosophers' argument for the world's eternity stronger than the theologians' position of putting emphasis on the temporal nature of the world. According to Tony Street, we should not see in Razi's theoretical life a journey from a young
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This was followed by Fakhr al-Din al-Razi's (1149–1209) publication of his treatise
Matalib, which dealt with conceptual physics. In it, he rejected the notion of the Earth's centrality within the universe and instead proposed a cosmology in which there were a "thousand thousand worlds beyond this
2092:
was the most-varied and many-sided of all extant works of the kind, comprising most of the material of importance that had previously appeared. He devoted himself to a wide range of studies and is said to have expended a large fortune on experiments in
3252:
Library, Al-Shajara al-mubarakaAuthorFakhr al-Din al-RaziOriginal titleألشّجَرَةُ المُبارَکة فی أنسابِ الطّالِبیةLanguageArabicSeries1 vol
SubjectAbu Talib FamilyGenreGeneologyPublishedSecond edition in 1419/1998-9PublisherAyatollah Mar'ashi Najafi.
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notions of a single universe revolving around a single world. He describes their main arguments against the existence of multiple worlds or universes, pointing out their weaknesses and refuting them. This rejection arose from his affirmation of
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to which also Abu Bakr belonged). However, it is not clear from which precise lines of descent al-Razi envisioned his purported ties with Abu Bakr to result, and the poet
2027:) in the 11th century, and some time after that the family settled in Ray. Having been born into a family of Meccan origin, al-Razi claimed descent from the first caliph
2172:(Islamic scholastic theology) led to the evolution and flourishing of theology among Muslims. Razi had experienced different periods in his thinking, affected by the
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2257:) beyond this world such that each one of those worlds be bigger and more massive than this world as well as having the like of what this world has of the throne (
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In spite of his adherence to the
Hanafite school of law, he clearly inclined to Asḥʿarism in theology and was an admirer of Ḡazālī and Faḵr-al-Dīn Rāzī.
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to a religious condition. It seems that he adopted different thoughts of diverse schools, such as those of
Mutazilite and Asharite, in his exegesis,
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Elkaisy-Friemuth, Maha (2016). "God and
Creation in al-Rāzī's Commentary on the Qur'ān". In Taylor, Richard C.; López-Farjeat, Luis Xavier (eds.).
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Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī's father, Ḍiyāʾ al-Dīn al-Makkī. Nihāyat al-marām fī dirāyat al-kalām. Facsimile of the autograph manuscript of vol. II
2152:), one reason being that it was 32 volumes in length. This work contains much of philosophical interest. One of his "major concerns was the
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2310:, which entails the existence of vacant space in which the atoms move, combine and separate . He discussed more on the issue of the
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3513:(2017). "Al-Rāzī's (d. 1210) Commentary on Avicenna's Pointers: The Confluence of Exegesis and Aporetics". In El-Rouayheb, Khaled;
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undoubtedly "holds an important place in the debate in the
Islamic tradition on the harmonization of reason and revelation."
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2496:) – his last work. Al-Razi wrote al-Matālib during his writing of al-Tafsir and he died before completing both works.
2968:
Taylor, Richard; Lopez-farjeat, Luis Xavier, eds. (2013). "God and
Creation in al-Razi's Commentary on the Qur'an".
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3542:. Handbuch der Orientalistik, Abteilung I, Ergänzungsband VI, Abschnitt 2. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 388–390.
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2116:(Afghanistan) in 1209 (606 AH), where his tomb is still venerated today. Many believe he was poisoned by the
499:. He left a very rich corpus of philosophical and theological works that reveals influence from the works of
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2245:), and it is established as well by evidence that God Most High has power over all contingent beings (
2011:(died 1256), one of al-Razi's earliest biographers, his great-grandfather had been a rich merchant in
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19:
This article is about the 12th-century theologian. For the 10th-century physician and alchemist, see
2222:
verse, "All praise belongs to God, Lord of the Worlds." He raises the question of whether the term "
2156:
of the intellect." His "acknowledgment of the primacy of the Qur'an grew with his years." Al-Razi's
2105:), and became head of the university founded by Mohammed ibn Tukush at Herat (western Afghanistan).
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It is established by evidence that there exists beyond the world a void without a terminal limit (
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Al-Razi had written over a hundred works on a wide variety of subjects. His major works include:
2285:) for establishing that the world is one are weak, flimsy arguments founded upon feeble premises.
2182:
2136:
One of Imam Razi's outstanding achievements was his unique interpretive work on the Quran called
2000:
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208:
142:
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3146:
Islam - Essays in
Scripture, Thought and Society: A Festschrift in Honour of Anthony H. Johnes
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7931:
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3092:
2889:"Fakhr Al-Din Al-Razi on Physics and the Nature of the Physical World: A Preliminary Survey"
2723:
2522:
2311:
2307:
2211:
2153:
2077:, where he was one of the pupils of Majd al-Din al-Jili, who in turn had been a disciple of
1498:
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1329:
858:
469:
393:
20:
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1980:
1814:
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413:
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64:
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3487:. Tehran and Berlin and Leiden: Miras-e Maktoob and Freie Universität Berlin and Brill.
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One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
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257:
251:
460:. He was one of the earliest proponents and skeptics that came up with the concept of
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3061:
2712:"Was Ibn Kathīr the 'Spokesperson' for Ibn Taymiyya? Jonah as a Prophet of Obedience"
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1120:
588:
457:
292:
121:
103:
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3432:
3199:
Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī and Thomas
Aquinas on the question of the eternity of the world
3119:
Fakhr Al-Dīn Al-Rāzī and Thomas
Aquinas on the Question of the Eternity of the World
3018:, p. 347: "The family claimed both a long tribal ancestry (associated with the
2176:
school of thought and later by al-Ghazali. Al-Razi tried to make use of elements of
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3301:
2748:
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1211:
1087:
991:
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918:
663:
152:
74:
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5210:
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2847:
2177:
822:
547:
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3144:
3070:
2648:
2374:
Note: Not to be confused with the book of Tafsir by Imam Nasir al-Din al-Baydawi
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9205:
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7146:
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4359:
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3461:
2751:, Politics, Law, and Community in Islamic Thought: The Taymiyyan Moment, p 143.
2323:
2157:
2102:
2020:
1156:
744:
583:
496:
481:
162:
3170:
Adel, Gholamali Haddad; Elmi, Mohammad Jafar; Taromi-Rad, Hassan (2012-08-31).
3093:"Fakhr ad-Dīn ar-Rāzī | Muslim Theologian, Philosopher, Scientist | Britannica"
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3835:
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3811:
3631:
3627:
2811:
Medieval Islamic Economic Thought: Filling the Great Gap in European Economics
2403:
2303:
2294:
2215:
2173:
2117:
2082:
2078:
2016:
1988:
1235:
1042:
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771:
726:
717:
639:
567:
508:
461:
449:
437:
312:
308:
182:
172:
93:
8443:
8192:
Abū ʿAbdillāh Muḥāmmad ibn Karrām ibn Arrāk ibn Huzāba ibn al-Barā’ as-Sijjī
6445:
3342:. In Magill, Frank N.; Moose, Christina J.; Aves, Alison; Rehn, Mark (eds.).
3173:
Quar'anic Exegeses: Selected Entries from Encyclopaedia of the World of Islam
2735:
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7018:
6530:
6498:
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6134:
6129:
5939:
5904:
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5482:
5305:
5182:
5134:
5086:
5026:
4990:
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4709:
4673:
4619:
4583:
4565:
4347:
4106:
3953:
3777:
3759:
3695:
3654:
3019:
2973:
2857:
2367:
1992:
1901:
1896:
1874:
1438:
1251:
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672:
488:
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362:
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300:
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220:
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99:
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8692:
Abū’l-Huzayl Muḥāmmad ibn al-Huzayl ibn Abdillāh al-Allāf al-Abdī al-Bāsrī
6219:
480:
revolving around a single world, al-Razi argued about the existence of the
3584:
3492:
2727:
2234:, or to many other universes or a multiverse beyond this known universe."
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5202:
3701:
3386:
2650:
Philosophy in the Islamic World: A History of Philosophy Without Any Gaps
2529:
2315:
2227:
2112:, though this never formed a significant part of his thought. He died in
2074:
2043:
2028:
2015:. Either his great-grandfather or his grandfather migrated from Mecca to
1906:
500:
477:
445:
441:
417:
405:
304:
236:
224:
200:
3373:(2007). "On Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī's Life and the Patronage He Received".
2038:), and was known by medieval biographers as al-Qurashī (a member of the
79:
and Imam or Shaykh al-Mushakkikin (the Imam or Teacher of the Skeptics).
9661:
9051:
9031:
8992:
8837:
8628:
8585:
8432:
8422:
8147:
8096:
8050:
7888:
7785:
7760:
7686:
7665:
7544:
7539:
7414:
7365:
7293:
7242:
6963:
6842:
6515:
6329:
6261:
5651:
5299:
5227:
4539:
2299:
2094:
2039:
453:
425:
268:
240:
232:
6390:
Abū’l-Hūsayn Abdūrrāhīm ibn Muḥāmmad ibn Uthmān al-Hayyāt (Hayyātīyya)
6249:
Abū Abdirrahmān Bishr ibn Ghiyāth ibn Abī Karīma al-Marīsī al-Baghdādī
2318:, that contain few or no stars – in greater detail in volume 5 of the
2050:(died 1233) actually praised him as a descendant of the second caliph
9613:
9578:
9553:
9119:
9056:
9036:
8917:
8881:
8671:
Abū Abdi’l-Lāh Ahmad ibn Abī Du'ad Faraj ibn Carīr ibn Mâlik al-Iyādī
8070:
7973:
7910:
7789:
7632:
7586:
7066:
6453:
Abū ʿAbdillāh al-Husayn ibn Muḥāmmad ibn ʿAbdillāh an-Najjār ar-Rāzī
6333:
6280:
5704:
5615:
5477:
5472:
5369:
3143:
Riddell, Peter G.; Street, Tony; Johns, Anthony Hearle (1997-01-01).
2327:
2231:
2109:
2098:
1996:
1879:
192:
71:
5540:
3442:
La physiognomie arabe et le Kitab al-firasa de Fakhr al-Din al-Razi
2214:
within the universe and "explores the notion of the existence of a
9623:
9041:
8140:
8082:
7707:
7508:
7496:
6298:
6273:
6244:
5633:
5467:
5323:
4252:
3022:
tribe) and descent from the family of Abu Bakr, the first caliph".
2223:
2219:
2169:
2113:
2089:
2066:
2012:
598:
527:) are usually regarded as his most important philosophical works.
492:
465:
212:
204:
132:
117:
8684:
Abū Hāshīm Abdu’s-Salām ibn Muḥāmmad ibn Abdi’l-Wahhāb al-Jubbā'ī
3408:
Rāzī: Master of Qur'ānic Interpretation and Theological Reasoning
2506:
The Harvest/Compendium of the Thought of the Ancients and Moderns
9618:
9593:
6284:
6209:
2424:
Al-Bayan wa al-Burhan fi al-Radd 'ala Ahl al-Zaygh wa al-Tughyan
2070:
2024:
9123:
7132:
6375:
Abū Mūsā Isā ibn Subeyh (Sabīh) al-Murdār al-Bāsrī (Murdārīyya)
5582:
5544:
4451:
3588:
2326:
beyond the known world, and that God has the power to fill the
6643:
6240:
Abū Muḥrīz Jahm ibn Ṣafwān ar-Rāsibī as-Samarqāndī at-Tirmidhī
3531:
Philosophical Theology in Islam: Later Ashʿarism East and West
2226:" in this verse refers to "multiple worlds within this single
2480:
Mabahith al-mashriqiyya fi 'ilm al-ilahiyyat wa-'l-tabi'iyyat
513:
Mabāhith al-mashriqiyya fī 'ilm al-ilāhiyyāt wa-'l-tabi'iyyāt
2364:
The Secrets of Revelation & The Lights of Interpretation
8735:
Abū’l-Kāsīm Abdullāh ibn Ahmad ibn Māhmūd al-Balhī al-Kā‘bī
6279:
Abū Muḥāmmad (Abū’l-Hākem) Heshām ibn Sālem al-Jawālikī al-
2951:
2949:
2947:
2314:– the empty spaces between stars and constellations in the
8695:
Abū Ma‘n Sūmāma ibn Ashras an-Nūmayrī al-Bāsrī al-Baghdādī
2380:
The Lights of Revelation and The Secrets of Interpretation
4418:
Scholars of other Sunni Islamic schools of jurisprudence
6385:
Abū Alī Muḥāmmad ibn Abdi’l-Wahhāb ibn Sallām al-Jubbā'ī
3344:
Dictionary of World Biography. Volume 2: The Middle Ages
5453:
2016 international conference on Sunni Islam in Grozny
400:) (1149 or 1150 – 1209), often known by the sobriquet
6437:
Abū Amr Ḍirār ibn Amr al-Gatafānī al-Kūfī (Ḍirārīyya)
6400:
Abū Uthmān Amr ibn Bhār ibn Māhbūb al-Jāhiz al-Kinānī
2069:
has recently been rediscovered in part, and later at
464:, and compared it with the astronomical teachings of
8667:
Abū Sahl Bīshr ibn al-Mu‘tamīr al-Hilālī al-Baghdādī
6270:
Abu’l-Hassan Muqātil ibn Sulaymān ibn Bashīr al-Azdī
3415:
Masarwa, Alev (2021). "Ibn ʿUnayn". In Fleet, Kate;
3346:. London and New York: Routledge. pp. 347–349.
2798:
The Rise of Islam and the Bengal Frontier, 1204–1760
2499:
2001:
16:
12th-century Sunni Muslim theologian and philosopher
9632:
9541:
9325:
9274:
9158:
9022:
8974:
8928:
8818:
8805:
8744:
8641:
8584:
8567:
8454:
8402:
8393:
8332:
8249:
8183:
8160:
8107:
8027:
8012:
7942:
7809:
7652:
7516:
7491:
7413:
7404:
7304:
7154:
7145:
7047:
6994:
6890:
6883:
6841:
6771:
6629:
6474:
6444:
6351:
6319:
6260:
6218:
6039:
5993:
5744:
5735:
5703:
5675:
5642:
5614:
5607:
5441:
5382:
5270:
5226:
5201:
4843:
4538:
4519:
4280:
4227:
4180:
4163:
4134:
4081:
3998:
3928:
3857:
3798:
3734:
3664:
3641:
3399:
The Formation of Post-Classical Philosophy in Islam
2474:
Book on the Soul and the Spirit and their Faculties
278:
264:
246:
188:
178:
168:
158:
148:
138:
128:
110:
88:
83:
60:
32:
8711:Abū Bakr Muḥāmmad ibn Abdillāh ibn Shabīb al-Basrī
8659:Abū Amr (Abū Mu‘tamīr) Muāmmar ibn Abbād as-Sūlamī
6378:Hīshām ibn Amr al-Fuwātī ash-Shaybānī (Hīshāmīyya)
8204:Haisamīyya (Abū ʿAbdallāh Muhammad ibn al-Haisam)
2501:Muḥaṣṣal Afkār al-Mutaqaddimīn wal-Muta'akhkhirīn
6367:Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm ibn Sayyār ibn Hāni’ an-Nazzām
2800:, University of California Press,1996, - Page 29
2378:called: Anwaar at-Tanzeel wa Asraar at-Ta'weel (
8531:Abū Abdillāh Mugīre ibn Sāīd al-ʿIjlī el-Bajalī
6381:Abū Sahl Abbād ibn Sulaimān (Salmān) as-Sāymarī
3473:The Teleological Ethics of Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī
2923:"What Is The Geocentric Model Of The Universe?"
2677:Islam and Other Religions: Pathways to Dialogue
2396:The Foundation of Declaring God's Transcendence
2239:
2108:In his later years, he also showed interest in
1977:Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn ʿUmar ibn al-Ḥusayn
3228:A Concise History of Afghanistan in 25 Volumes
515:المباحث المشرقية في علم الإلهيات و الطبيعيات (
9135:
7112:List of contemporary Muslim scholars of Islam
6462:Abū ʿAbdallāh Ibnū’z-Zā‘farānī (Zā‘farānīyya)
5556:
4463:
3600:
3363:The Routledge Companion to Islamic Philosophy
3048:
3031:
3011:
2999:
2995:
2993:
2970:The Routledge Companion to Islamic Philosophy
2705:
2703:
2249:). Therefore He the Most High has the power (
1956:
8:
3540:Die Natur- und Geheimwissenschaften im Islam
3521:. Oxford University Press. pp. 296–325.
2955:
2490:Al-Matālib al-'Āliyyah min al- 'ilm al-ilahī
2057:Fakhr al-Din first studied with his father,
8210:Ishāqīyya (Abū Yaʿqūb Ishāq ibn Mahmashādh)
3277:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
2916:
2914:
2528:Commentary on al-Isharat wa-al-Tanbihat of
1987:), was born in 1149 or 1150 CE (543 or 544
9142:
9128:
9120:
8815:
8581:
8399:
8231:Tarā'ifīyya (Ahmad ibn ʿAbdūs at-Tarā'ifī)
8180:
8024:
7513:
7410:
7151:
7142:
7129:
6887:
5741:
5611:
5604:
5579:
5563:
5549:
5541:
5445:
5386:
5274:
4535:
4470:
4456:
4448:
3607:
3593:
3585:
3454:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
3255:"Al-Shajara al-mubaraka (book) - wikishia"
3069:; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905).
2484:Eastern Studies in Metaphysics and Physics
2322:. He argued that there exists an infinite
2198:Hypothetical concept of multiple universes
1975:Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, whose full name was
1963:
1949:
617:
534:
517:Eastern Studies in Metaphysics and Physics
416:. He wrote various works in the fields of
55:Calligraphy of Fakhr al-Din al-Razi's name
49:
29:
5429:Al-Sayf al-Saqil fi al-Radd ala Ibn Zafil
3895:Shahab al-Din Yahya ibn Habash Suhrawardi
3519:The Oxford Handbook of Islamic Philosophy
2470:Kitab al-nafs wa'l-ruh wa sharh quwa-huma
2218:in the context of his commentary" on the
2061:, himself a scholar of some repute whose
1827:International Islamic University Malaysia
7833:Abd Allah ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah
6372:Abū Bakr Abdurrahmān ibn Kaysān al-Asāmm
2882:
2880:
2878:
2876:
2874:
2872:
2841:
2839:
2837:
2835:
2653:. Oxford University Press. p. 315.
404:, was an influential Iranian and Muslim
8056:Nafi ibn al-Azraq al-Hānafī al-Handhalī
3035:
2639:
574:
546:
332:
290:
7056:Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity
3544:(on his astrological-magical writings)
3447:
3322:Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
3270:
3015:
2360:Asraar at-Tanzeel wa Anwaar at-Ta'weel
2330:with an infinite number of universes.
2281:). The arguments of the philosophers (
2097:. He taught at Ray (Central Iran) and
9823:12th-century Persian-language writers
9818:13th-century Persian-language writers
6205:Kanthapuram A. P. Aboobacker Musliyar
3081:(1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead.
2680:. Taylor & Francis. p. 113.
2019:(a mountainous region located on the
1847:2016 International Islamic Conference
252:Al-Tafsir al-Kabir (Mafatih al-Ghayb)
7:
9863:Scholars from the Khwarazmian Empire
3483:(2013–2019). Shihadeh, Ayman (ed.).
3401:. New York: Oxford University Press.
3116:İskenderoğlu, Muammer (2002-01-01).
2853:Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy
2081:. He was a leading proponent of the
7844:ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Hārb ibn al-Kindi
4324:Kanthapuram A. P. Abu Bakr Musliyar
3365:. London: Routledge. pp. 7–19.
2848:"al-Razi, Fakhr al-Din (1149-1209)"
2547:Sharh Kulliyyat al-Qanun fi al-Tibb
2512:Nihayat al 'Uqul fi Dirayat al-Usul
1984:
397:
385:
197:Principles of Islamic jurisprudence
4194:Abd Al-Rahman bin Ahmad al-Zayla`i
2921:Williams, Matt (11 January 2016).
2541:Commentary on Asma' Allah al-Husna
2366:). Tafsir of selected verses from
1985:أبو عبد الله محمد بن عمر بن الحسين
1638:Istihsan al-Khawd fi 'Ilm al-Kalam
14:
9858:12th-century Iranian philosophers
9848:13th-century Iranian philosophers
8216:Muhājirīyya (Ibrāhīm ibn Muhājir)
4408:Muhammad Jifri Muthukkoya Thangal
3296:Anawati, Georges C. (1960–2007).
3034:, p. ix. On Ibn ʿUnayn, see
8234:Tūnīyya (Abū Bakr ibn ʿAbdallāh)
6456:Abū Amr (Abū Yahyā) Hāfs al-Fard
6328:Abū Marwān Gaylān ibn Mūslīm ad-
6006:Abū Ḥanīfah al-Nu'mān ibn Thābit
5261:
4504:
4503:
4492:
4480:Ash'ari school of Sunni theology
3984:Yusuf ibn Abd al-Rahman al-Mizzi
3651:(founder of the school; 767–820)
3419:; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John;
3330:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0206
2581:Kitāb al-Arba'īn Fī Uṣūl al-Dīn'
2557:Sharh Nisf al-Wajiz li'l-Ghazali
2253:) to create millions of worlds (
1932:
1931:
1920:
554:
9843:13th-century Muslim theologians
9798:13th-century Iranian scientists
9793:12th-century Iranian scientists
9768:12th-century Muslim theologians
8781:United Submitters International
8065:Abu Bayhas al-Hāytham ibn Jābir
7443:Alid dynasties of northern Iran
6796:Al-Mu'ayyad fi'l-Din al-Shirazi
3433:10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_32280
2710:Mirza, Younus Y. (2014-02-01).
2551:Commentary on Canon of Medicine
9778:Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam
9075:Sunni schools of jurisprudence
8093:Abū Yazīd Mukhallad ibn Kayrād
6806:Abu'l-Fawaris Ahmad ibn Ya'qub
6801:Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Naysaburi
6459:Muḥāmmad ibn ʿĪsā (Burgūsīyya)
6080:Abu Ishaq al-Saffar al-Bukhari
5141:'Abdallah ibn 'Alawi al-Haddad
4300:Cherussery Zainuddeen Musliyar
3573:Another Biography by GF Haddâd
3225:Alikuzai, Hamid Wahed (2013).
3078:New International Encyclopedia
2206:and the physical world in his
1587:Muhammad Sa'id Ramadan al-Buti
1388:'Abdallah ibn 'Alawi al-Haddad
1:
8507:al-Mufaddal ibn Umar al-Ju'fi
6833:Ali ibn Muhammad ibn al-Walid
4818:Muhammad Metwalli al-Sha'rawi
3425:Encyclopaedia of Islam, Three
3197:Muammer İskenderoğlu (2002),
2647:Peter Adamson (7 July 2016).
2210:, criticizes the idea of the
2202:Al-Razi, in dealing with his
2032:
1670:Sharh al-'Aqa'id al-Nasafiyya
1550:Muhammad Mitwalli al-Sha'rawi
1517:Muhammad al-'Arabi al-Tabbani
8195:ʿĀbidīyya (ʿUthmān al-ʿĀbid)
8136:Abd Allah ibn Wahb al-Rasibi
8117:'Abdullāh ibn Ibāḍ al-Tamimi
7135:Islamic schools and branches
5970:Abdullah ibn Alawi al-Haddad
5875:Izz al-Din ibn 'Abd al-Salam
4985:Izz al-Din ibn 'Abd al-Salam
4806:Muhammad al-Tahir ibn 'Ashur
4638:Ibn 'Ata' Allah al-Iskandari
4384:Muhammad bin Yahya al-Ninowy
4218:Ahmad Khatib al-Minangkabawi
4171:Abdullah ibn Alawi al-Haddad
4060:Ali ibn Abu Bakr al-Haythami
3072:"Fakhr-ad-Din ar-Razi"
2575:Commentary on Uyun al-Hikmah
1526:Muhammad al-Tahir ibn 'Ashur
947:Izz al-Din ibn 'Abd al-Salam
114:1209 (606 AH, aged 59 or 60)
77:(Sultan of the Theologians),
8127:Abu Qudama Yazid ibn Fandin
6823:Hassan Ala Dhikrihi's Salam
6180:Muhammad Zakariya Kandhlawi
6115:Najm al-Din 'Umar al-Nasafi
4788:Muhammad ibn 'Ali al-Sanusi
4253:Abd al-Malik Karim Amrullah
3942:Izz al-Din ibn Abd al-Salam
3533:. Leiden and Boston: Brill.
2716:Journal of Qur'anic Studies
2618:Cosmology in medieval Islam
2613:Astronomy in medieval Islam
2500:
2434:Al-Muwakif fi 'Ilm al-Kalam
2418:The Mysteries of the Qur'an
2042:, the tribe of the prophet
2002:
1809:Dar al-Hadith al-Ashrafiyya
1646:Mujarrad Maqalat al-Ash'ari
511:. Two of his works titled
412:and one of the pioneers of
9879:
8878:Bandagi Mian Syed Khundmir
8323:Muhammad ibn Ziyād al-Kūfī
8076:Najdah ibn 'Amir al-Hānafī
7754:Nasir Khusraw al-Qubadiani
7238:Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab
6494:Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab
6125:Shams al-Din al-Samarqandi
6085:Abu al-Layth al-Samarqandi
5910:Abd al-Rahman al-Tha'alibi
5497:Ash'ari-related templates
5354:Ibn Abdelkarim al-Khattabi
5336:Emir Abdelkader al-Jazairi
4686:Abd al-Rahman al-Tha'alibi
3990:Yusuf bin Ahmad al-Kawneyn
3410:. Oxford University Press.
3375:Journal of Islamic Studies
3334:(on his life and writings)
2608:List of Iranian scientists
2603:List of Muslim theologians
2537:Sharh Asma' Allah al-Husna
2129:
1821:Islamic Education Movement
1203:Abd al-Rahman al-Tha'alibi
18:
9783:Quranic exegesis scholars
9069:
7467:Extinct Zaydi Shi'a sects
7141:
7128:
7102:
6811:Tayyibi Ismā'īlī doctrine
6526:Muqbil bin Hadi al-Wadi'i
5980:Muhammad Arafa al-Desouki
5955:Abu Ali al-Hassan al-Yusi
5805:Ibn Abi Zayd al-Qayrawani
5603:
5578:
5495:
5448:
5389:
5277:
5259:
4824:Muhammad 'Alawi al-Maliki
4782:Muhammad Arafa al-Desouki
4662:Khalil ibn Ishaq al-Jundi
4548:Ibn Abi Zayd al-Qayrawani
4487:
4416:
4378:Ibrahim Khalil al-Bukhari
3622:
3538:Ullmann, Manfred (1972).
3338:Cannon, Byron D. (1998).
3231:. Trafford. p. 139.
2429:Al-Mahsul fi 'Ilm al-Usul
2168:Al-Razi's development of
2132:Tafsir al-Kabir (al-Razi)
2009:Ibn al-Shaʿʿār al-Mawṣilī
1559:Muhammad 'Alawi al-Maliki
1247:(d. 907/1501 or 908/1502)
691:'Abd al-Qahir al-Baghdadi
505:Abu'l-Barakāt al-Baghdādī
402:Sultan of the Theologians
325:
283:
92:1149 or 1150 (543 or 544
48:
41:
8496:Umayr ibn Bayān al-ʿIjlī
7371:Muhammad Qasim Nanautavi
6985:The Moderation in Belief
6866:Al-Hadi ila'l-Haqq Yahya
6604:Ahmad ibn Umar al-Hazimi
6175:Khalil Ahmad Saharanpuri
6105:Jamal al-Din al-Ghaznawi
5424:Al-Iqtisad fi al-I'tiqad
5394:Tabyin Kadhib al-Muftari
5009:Nizam al-Din al-Nisapuri
4125:Ali ibn Ahmad al-Samhudi
4024:Ahmad ibn Naqib al-Misri
2623:Abdol Hamid Khosro Shahi
2460:Kitab al-Mantiq al-Kabir
1792:Al-Qarawiyyin University
1715:Al-Risala al-Qushayriyya
1654:Tabyin Kadhib al-Muftari
484:beyond the known world.
339:Nizam al-Din al-Nisapuri
42:
9853:Supporters of Ibn Arabi
9722:Ahmad ibn Nizam al-Mulk
9702:Minhaj al-Siraj Juzjani
8953:Jamal ad-Din al-Afghani
8349:Hammād ibn Abū Sūlaimān
8267:Yūnus ibn Awn an-Namīrī
8039:Abd al-Karīm ibn Adjrād
6978:Divan-i Shams-i Tabrizi
6936:Al-Aqidah al-Tahawiyyah
6791:Hamid al-Din al-Kirmani
6195:Abd al-Ghani al-Nabulsi
6100:Akmal al-Din al-Babarti
6090:'Ala' al-Din al-Bukhari
5930:Al-Maqqari al-Tilmisani
5885:Shihab al-Din al-Qarafi
5820:Abu Ishaq al-Isfara'ini
5294:'Abd al-Mu'min ibn 'Ali
5039:Shams al-Din al-Kirmani
4925:Abd al-Qahir al-Jurjani
4877:Abu Ishaq al-Isfarayini
4722:Al-Maqqari al-Tilimsani
4626:Shihab al-Din al-Qarafi
4154:Al-Khaṭib ash-Shirbiniy
4048:Badr Ad-Din az-Zarkashi
3766:Abd al-Jabbar ibn Ahmad
2796:Richard Maxwell Eaton,
2243:khala' la nihayata laha
1781:Al-Nizamiyya of Baghdad
1605:Muhammad 'Ali al-Sabuni
1193:Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli
1130:Siraj al-Din al-Bulqini
1097:Badr al-Din al-Zarkashi
1079:Shams al-Din al-Kirmani
974:Shihab al-Din al-Qarafi
817:(d. 511 or 512/1117-19)
682:Abu Ishaq al-Isfarayini
347:Shihab al-Din al-Qarafi
343:Burhan al-Din al-Nasafi
297:Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari
9652:Abu'l-Ma'ali Nasrallah
9647:Abu'l-Hasan Isfarayini
9333:Abu Dawud al-Sijistani
8625:Galip Hassan Kuscuoglu
8207:Hīdīyya (Hīd ibn Saif)
7700:Baha al-Din al-Muqtana
7195:Khwaja Abdullah Ansari
6856:Ahmad ibn Isa ibn Zayd
6851:Abu'l-Jarud al-Hamdani
6786:Abu Yaqub al-Sijistani
6746:Agha Zia ol Din Araghi
6731:Mohammad-Baqer Majlesi
6411:Abu al-Husayn al-Basri
6406:Al-Qadi 'Abd al-Jabbar
6165:Shah Waliullah Dehlawi
6075:Abu al-Mu'in al-Nasafi
6070:Abu al-Yusr al-Bazdawi
6055:Al-Hakim al-Samarqandi
5925:Jalal al-Din al-Dawani
5890:Abu Hayyan al-Gharnati
5815:Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi
5248:Abu Hayyan al-Andalusi
5159:Bediuzzaman Said Nursi
5099:Jalal al-Din al-Dawani
5057:Nur al-Din al-Haythami
4895:Abu Nu'aym al-Isfahani
4889:Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi
4716:Ahmad Baba al-Timbukti
4650:Ibn al-Hajj al-'Abdari
3772:Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi
3554:Muslimphilosophy.com:
3529:; Thiele, Jan (2020).
3440:Mourad, Yusef (1939).
3406:Jaffer, Tariq (2015).
3340:"Fakhr al-Din al-Razi"
3298:"Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī"
2769:"BORHĀN-AL-DĪN NASAFĪ"
2586:Al-Shajara al-mubaraka
2302:, as advocated by the
2287:
2144:) and later nicknamed
2088:His commentary on the
2007:al-Razi. According to
1745:Daf' Shubah al-Tashbih
1662:Al-'Aqida al-Tahawiyya
1508:Bediüzzaman Said Nursi
1397:Shah Waliullah Dehlawi
1245:Jalal al-Din al-Dawani
1184:Ibn Hajar al-'Asqalani
1148:Nur al-Din al-Haythami
1052:Abu Hayyan al-Gharnati
814:Abu al-Qasim al-Ansari
335:Athir al-Din al-Abhari
23:. For other uses, see
9838:People from Ray, Iran
9549:Abu Sa'id Abu'l-Khayr
9433:Ibn Tayfour Sajawandi
9261:Sharaf al-Din al-Tusi
9171:Abu Ma'shar al-Balkhi
8894:Wallace Fard Muhammad
7851:Abdallah ibn Mu'awiya
7358:Fazl-e-Haq Khairabadi
7107:Early Muslim scholars
6915:Al-Farq bayn al-Firaq
6185:Rahmatullah Kairanawi
5935:Abd al-Rahman al-Fasi
5845:Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi
5409:Al-Farq bayn al-Firaq
5348:'Izz al-Din al-Qassam
5129:Al-Khatib al-Shirbini
5093:Nur al-Din al-Samhudi
5075:Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani
5051:Zain al-Din al-'Iraqi
5015:Jamal al-Din al-Mizzi
4937:Al-Raghib al-Isfahani
4907:Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi
4865:Al-Hakim al-Nishapuri
4596:Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi
4342:K. Ali Kutty Musliyar
4336:Mohammad Salim Al-Awa
4089:Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani
3824:Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi
3493:10.1163/9789004406131
2809:Shaikh M. Ghazanfar,
2777:Encyclopaedia Iranica
2728:10.3366/jqs.2014.0130
2289:Al-Razi rejected the
2204:conception of physics
2059:Ḍiyāʾ al-Dīn al-Makkī
1723:Al-Farq bayn al-Firaq
1297:Al-Khatib al-Shirbini
1139:Zain al-Din al-'Iraqi
850:Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi
796:Al-Raghib al-Isfahani
736:Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi
563:al-'Aqida al-Murshida
317:Diya' al-Din al-Makki
9788:Islamic philosophers
9657:Abu Muslim Khorasani
9363:Abu Qasim Samarqandi
9353:Abu Layth Samarqandi
9251:Nasir al-Din al-Tusi
9226:Abu Ja'far al-Khazin
8545:‘Ulyanīyya/'Alyaīyya
8340:Al-Harith ibn Surayj
7530:Theology of Twelvers
7375:Rashid Ahmad Gangohi
6922:Al-Milal wa al-Nihal
6721:Nasir al-Din al-Tusi
6120:Siraj al-Din al-Ushi
6110:Nur al-Din al-Sabuni
6095:Al-Sharif al-Jurjani
5915:Ibn Hajar al-Haytami
5880:Taqi al-Din al-Subki
5870:Sayf al-Din al-Amidi
5865:Fakhr al-Din al-Razi
5840:Abu al-Walid al-Baji
5414:Al-Milal wa al-Nihal
5330:Al-Nasir ibn Qalawun
5123:Ibn Hajar al-Haytami
5021:Taqi al-Din al-Subki
4973:Fakhr al-Din al-Razi
4919:Abu Ishaq al-Shirazi
4668:Abu Ishaq al-Shatibi
4578:Abu Bakr al-Turtushi
4572:Abu al-Walid al-Baji
4529:Abu Hasan al-Ash'ari
4312:Ahmad Syafi'i Maarif
4148:Ibn Hajar al-Haytami
4054:Zain al-Din al-Iraqi
4018:Taqi al-Din al-Subki
4006:Safi al-Din al-Hindi
3978:Safi-ad-din Ardabili
3907:Sayf al-Din al-Amidi
3901:Fakhr al-Din al-Razi
3784:Abu Ishaq al-Shirazi
3720:Abu Hasan al-Ash'ari
3690:Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj
3556:Fakhr al-Din al-Razi
3460:(on his treatise on
2846:John Cooper (1998),
2674:Omar, Irfan (2013).
2628:Nur al-Din al-Sabuni
2571:Sharh Uyun al-Hikmah
2348:The Great Commentary
2283:dala'il al-falasifah
2192:The Great Commentary
2164:Development of Kalam
2150:The Great Commentary
2125:The Great Commentary
2085:school of theology.
1815:Nahdlatul Ulama (NU)
1760:Al-Murshid al-Mu'een
1730:Al-Milal wa al-Nihal
1707:Al-Asma' wa al-Sifat
1288:Ibn Hajar al-Haytami
1166:Al-Sharif al-Jurjani
1061:Taqi al-Din al-Subki
1034:Safi al-Din al-Hindi
928:Sayf al-Din al-Amidi
910:Fakhr al-Din al-Razi
763:Abu Ishaq al-Shirazi
754:Abu al-Walid al-Baji
631:Abu Hasan al-Ash'ari
521:al-Matālib al-'Aliya
487:Al-Razi was born in
476:notions of a single
468:. A rejector of the
378:Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī
35:Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī
9813:Medieval physicists
8774:Ghulam Ahmed Pervez
8521:Abū Mānsūr al-ʿIjlī
8493:ʿIjlīyya/Umayrīyya
8291:Abū Sawbān al-Murjī
7953:An-Nafs Az-Zakiyyah
7260:Other Salafi trends
7089:Musta'li Isma'ilism
7005:Eʿteqādātal-Emāmīya
6396:Ja'far ibn Mūbassīr
6160:Anwar Shah Kashmiri
5810:Zakariyya al-Ansari
5171:'Abdallah al-Harari
5111:Zakariyya al-Ansari
5033:Taj al-Din al-Subki
4812:Abdel-Halim Mahmoud
4752:Muhammad al-Zurqani
4698:Ahmad al-Wansharisi
4294:Taha Jabir Alalwani
4259:Muhammad Hamidullah
4119:Zakariyya al-Ansari
4030:Taj al-Din al-Subki
3883:Abu Tahir al-Silafi
3002:, pp. viii–ix.
2896:Islam & Science
2464:Major Book on Logic
2382:) or more commonly
2052:Umar ibn al-Khattab
1787:Al-Azhar University
1700:Tahafut al-Falasifa
1381:Muhammad al-Zurqani
1270:Zakariyya al-Ansari
1070:Taj al-Din al-Subki
709:Abu Dharr al-Harawi
351:Taj al-Din al-Subki
9642:Abu'l-Fadl Bayhaqi
9523:Tha'labi Nishapuri
9338:Abu Barakat Nasafi
9166:Abu Hatam Isfizari
9073:Other scholars of
8964:Islamic modernists
8938:Modernist Salafism
8594:Qutb ad-Dīn Haydar
8553:Abdullah ibn Saba'
8488:Muʿāmmar ibn Ahmar
8373:Ibrāhim ibn Yousūf
8361:Mūsā ibn Abū Kasīr
8352:Muhārīb ibn Dithār
8283:Abū Muāz at-Tūmanī
7605:Astarabadi (Naimi)
7335:Abdullah al-Harari
7289:Muhammad bin Dawud
7222:Syed Nazeer Husain
6957:Tabsirat al-Adilla
6871:Al-Mansur al-Qasim
6706:Al-Shaykh Al-Mufid
6553:Syed Nazeer Husain
6476:Salafi Theologians
6228:Al-Ja'd ibn Dirham
6200:Muhammad Abu Zahra
5985:Ahmad Zayni Dahlan
5835:Abdul Qadir Gilani
5306:Abu Bakr ibn Ayyub
5153:Ahmad Zayni Dahlan
4318:Abdul Azeez Madani
4271:Abdullah al-Harari
4200:Ahmad Zayni Dahlan
3754:Al-Hakim Nishapuri
3748:Abu Talib al-Makki
3678:Harith al-Muhasibi
3578:2006-09-19 at the
3566:2016-02-25 at the
3387:10.1093/jis/etm029
3097:www.britannica.com
3049:Shihadeh 2013–2019
3032:Shihadeh 2013–2019
3014:, p. ix; cf.
3012:Shihadeh 2013–2019
3000:Shihadeh 2013–2019
2887:Adi Setia (2004),
2813:, Routledge, 2003
2142:Keys to the Unseen
2023:coast of northern
1569:Abdullah al-Harari
1490:Ahmad Zayni Dahlan
1339:Ibrahim al-Laqqani
700:Abu 'Imran al-Fasi
523:المطالب العالية (
287:Influenced by
209:Islamic Philosophy
143:Islamic Golden Age
9735:
9734:
9697:Khalid ibn Barmak
9672:Ata-Malik Juvayni
9635:political figures
9542:Poets and artists
9398:Fatima Samarqandi
9302:Haji Bektash Veli
9181:Abu Ubayd Juzjani
9117:
9116:
9113:
9112:
9109:
9108:
9065:
9064:
8874:Muhammad Jaunpuri
8801:
8800:
8727:Sumāma ibn Ashras
8563:
8562:
8414:Dāwūd al-Jawāribî
8389:
8388:
8259:Gaylān ibn Marwān
8156:
8155:
8008:
8007:
7671:Abdallah al-Aftah
7487:
7486:
7400:
7399:
7384:Necmettin Erbakan
7226:Siddiq Hasan Khan
7190:Al-Qadi Abu Ya'la
7124:
7123:
7120:
7119:
7098:
7097:
7038:Tajrid al-I'tiqad
7032:Tashih al-I'tiqad
6943:Al-Sawad al-A'zam
6879:
6878:
6861:Al-Qasim al-Rassi
6828:Idris Imad al-Din
6781:Al-Qadi al-Nu'man
6756:Ruhollah Khomeini
6736:Zurarah ibn A'yan
6711:Sharif al-Murtaza
6699:Muhammad al-Mahdi
6684:Muhammad al-Jawad
6664:Muhammad al-Baqir
6565:Siddiq Hasan Khan
6541:Rabee al-Madkhali
6190:Murtada al-Zabidi
5965:Ibrahim al-Bajuri
5731:
5730:
5538:
5537:
5491:
5490:
5437:
5436:
5378:
5377:
5288:Yusuf ibn Tashfin
5257:
5256:
4764:M'Hamed al-Azhari
4728:Ibrahim al-Laqani
4560:Abu Imran al-Fasi
4445:
4444:
4354:Nuh Ha Mim Keller
4288:Wahbah al-Zuhayli
4241:Abdallah al-Qutbi
4188:Ibrahim al-Bajuri
3515:Schmidtke, Sabine
3502:978-90-04-40613-1
2956:Anawati 1960–2007
2773:iranicaonline.org
2660:978-0-19-957749-1
2494:The Higher Issues
2444:Science of Ethics
2408:Anthropomorphists
2384:Tafsir al-Baydawi
2269:) and the earth (
2255:alfa alfi 'awalim
2208:Matalib al-'Aliya
1995:(close to modern
1973:
1972:
1798:Al-Zaytuna Mosque
1753:Lubab al-Muhassal
1629:Theological works
1618:
1617:
1609:
1600:
1596:Wahbah al-Zuhayli
1591:
1582:
1573:
1563:
1554:
1530:
1521:
1512:
1503:
1494:
1470:
1461:
1460:(d. 1276/1859-60)
1457:Ibrahim al-Bajuri
1452:
1443:
1434:
1425:
1401:
1392:
1376:
1352:
1343:
1334:
1325:
1301:
1292:
1283:
1274:
1265:
1256:
1240:
1216:
1207:
1197:
1188:
1179:
1170:
1161:
1152:
1143:
1134:
1125:
1101:
1092:
1083:
1074:
1065:
1056:
1047:
1038:
1029:
1020:
996:
987:
978:
969:
960:
951:
941:
932:
923:
914:
890:
881:
872:
863:
854:
845:
836:
832:Ibn Rushd al-Jadd
827:
818:
809:
800:
776:
767:
758:
749:
740:
731:
722:
713:
704:
695:
686:
677:
668:
644:
635:
560:Rock carved with
525:The Higher Issues
375:
374:
69:al-Fakhr al-Razi,
9870:
9803:People from Amol
9758:Shaykh al-Islāms
9727:Shihab al-Nasawi
9712:Tahir ibn Husayn
9584:Farrukhi Sistani
9559:Aruzi Samarqandi
9358:Abu Mu'in Nasafi
9326:Islamic scholars
9144:
9137:
9130:
9121:
8816:
8582:
8400:
8376:Nusayr ibn Yahyā
8358:Awn ibn Abdullāh
8345:Sa'id ibn Jubayr
8315:Ubayd al-Mūktaib
8181:
8025:
7994:ʿAjlan ibn Nawus
7963:Maḥmūd Pasīkhānī
7932:Khashabiyya Shia
7868:Bayān ibn Sam‘ān
7826:Abū ʿAmra Kaysān
7609:Imadaddin Nasimi
7514:
7411:
7282:Salafi Modernism
7185:Ahmad ibn Hanbal
7152:
7143:
7130:
7026:Awail Al Maqalat
6908:Al-Baz al-Ashhab
6888:
6818:Dhu'ayb ibn Musa
6773:Isma'ili Shi'ism
6761:Wilayat al-faqih
6741:Hisham ibn Hakam
6726:Allamah Al-Hilli
5950:Muhammad Mayyara
5742:
5612:
5605:
5580:
5572:Islamic theology
5565:
5558:
5551:
5542:
5530:
5529:Islamic theology
5523:
5516:
5509:
5503:
5446:
5404:Al-Baz al-Ashhab
5387:
5275:
5265:
5003:Ibn Daqiq al-'Id
4800:Ahmad al-Ghumari
4770:Ahmad ibn 'Ajiba
4746:Al-Hasan al-Yusi
4734:Muhammad Mayyara
4632:Ibn Daqiq al-'Id
4536:
4531:
4523:
4522:Ash'ari scholars
4511:
4507:
4506:
4499:Islam portal
4497:
4496:
4495:
4481:
4472:
4465:
4458:
4449:
4235:Yusuf al-Nabhani
3609:
3602:
3595:
3586:
3543:
3534:
3522:
3506:
3476:
3475:. Leiden: Brill.
3459:
3453:
3445:
3436:
3411:
3402:
3390:
3366:
3357:
3333:
3283:
3282:
3276:
3268:
3266:
3265:
3249:
3243:
3242:
3222:
3216:
3215:
3203:Brill Publishers
3194:
3188:
3187:
3167:
3161:
3160:
3140:
3134:
3133:
3113:
3107:
3106:
3104:
3103:
3089:
3083:
3082:
3074:
3058:
3052:
3045:
3039:
3029:
3023:
3009:
3003:
2997:
2988:
2987:
2965:
2959:
2953:
2942:
2941:
2935:
2933:
2918:
2909:
2908:
2907:
2906:
2893:
2884:
2867:
2866:
2865:
2864:
2843:
2830:
2829:
2822:
2816:
2807:
2801:
2794:
2788:
2787:
2783:on 29 Oct 2020.
2779:. Archived from
2765:
2759:
2746:
2740:
2739:
2707:
2698:
2697:
2695:
2694:
2671:
2665:
2664:
2644:
2598:List of Ash'aris
2523:Sharh al-Isharat
2517:Risala al-Huduth
2503:
2414:Aja'ib al-Qur'an
2398:) Refutation of
2354:Mafatih al-Ghayb
2308:Islamic theology
2277:) and the moon (
2273:), and the sun (
2265:), the heavens (
2212:geocentric model
2154:self-sufficiency
2138:Mafātiḥ al-Ghayb
2037:
2034:
2005:
1986:
1965:
1958:
1951:
1935:
1934:
1927:Islam portal
1925:
1924:
1923:
1607:
1598:
1589:
1580:
1571:
1561:
1552:
1528:
1519:
1510:
1501:
1499:Yusuf al-Nabhani
1492:
1468:
1459:
1450:
1441:
1432:
1430:Ahmad ibn 'Ajiba
1423:
1399:
1390:
1374:
1372:Al-Hasan al-Yusi
1350:
1348:Muhammad Mayyara
1341:
1332:
1330:Ahmad al-Maqqari
1323:
1299:
1290:
1281:
1272:
1263:
1254:
1238:
1214:
1205:
1195:
1186:
1177:
1168:
1159:
1150:
1141:
1132:
1123:
1099:
1090:
1081:
1072:
1063:
1054:
1045:
1036:
1027:
1018:
1016:Ibn Daqiq al-'Id
994:
986:(d. c. 685/1286)
985:
976:
967:
958:
949:
939:
930:
921:
912:
888:
879:
870:
861:
852:
843:
834:
825:
816:
807:
798:
774:
765:
756:
747:
738:
729:
720:
711:
702:
693:
684:
675:
666:
642:
633:
618:
612:Eminent scholars
558:
535:
470:geocentric model
399:
387:
386:فخر الدين الرازي
359:Ibn Abi Usaybi'a
189:Main interest(s)
53:
43:فخر الدين الرازي
30:
21:Abu Bakr al-Razi
9878:
9877:
9873:
9872:
9871:
9869:
9868:
9867:
9738:
9737:
9736:
9731:
9682:Abu Ali Bal'ami
9667:Ali-Shir Nava'i
9634:
9628:
9569:Attar Nishapuri
9537:
9418:Hakim Nishapuri
9348:Abu Hafs Nasafi
9321:
9270:
9186:Abu Zayd Balkhi
9154:
9148:
9118:
9105:
9061:
9018:
8989:Ahmed Raza Khan
8970:
8924:
8914:Fethullah Gülen
8889:Nation of Islam
8810:
8807:
8797:
8740:
8717:Ahmad ibn Hābīt
8645:
8637:
8575:
8571:
8559:
8480:Bāzīgh ibn Mūsā
8450:
8385:
8370:Hālaf ibn Ayyūb
8328:
8245:
8174:
8171:
8168:
8164:
8152:
8103:
8016:
8004:
7938:
7812:
7805:
7773:Hassan-i Sabbah
7656:
7648:
7520:
7507:
7503:
7499:
7495:
7483:
7448:Hasan al-Utrush
7396:
7362:Ahmed Raza Khan
7308:
7300:
7207:Dawud al-Zahiri
7158:
7137:
7116:
7094:
7043:
6990:
6950:Kitab al-Tawhid
6875:
6837:
6767:
6694:Hasan al-Askari
6669:Ja'far al-Sadiq
6631:Twelver Shi'ism
6625:
6597:Salafi Jihadism
6592:Osama bin Laden
6575:Safar Al-Hawali
6536:Saleh Al-Fawzan
6470:
6440:
6433:Sahib ibn Abbad
6428:Ibn Abi'l-Hadid
6393:Ja'far ibn Harb
6358:Wasil ibn 'Ata'
6355:
6347:
6315:
6276:ī (Muqātilīyya)
6256:
6214:
6170:Shah Abdul Aziz
6043:
6035:
5989:
5975:Ahmad al-Dardir
5860:Ahmad al-Rifa'i
5748:
5727:
5699:
5671:
5638:
5599:
5598:
5574:
5569:
5539:
5534:
5528:
5521:
5514:
5507:
5501:
5487:
5433:
5374:
5365:Ayyubid dynasty
5342:Omar al-Mukhtar
5271:Ash'ari leaders
5266:
5253:
5222:
5197:
4967:Ahmad al-Rifa'i
4839:
4794:Muhammad 'Ilish
4776:Ahmad al-Tijani
4758:Ahmad al-Dardir
4527:
4525:
4521:
4515:
4509:
4493:
4491:
4483:
4479:
4476:
4446:
4441:
4412:
4402:Awn Al-Qaddoumi
4276:
4223:
4212:Uways al-Barawi
4176:
4159:
4130:
4077:
3994:
3966:Ibn Daqiq al-Id
3948:Ahmad al-Badawi
3924:
3889:Ahmed al-Rifa`i
3853:
3794:
3730:
3660:
3637:
3618:
3613:
3580:Wayback Machine
3568:Wayback Machine
3551:
3537:
3527:Shihadeh, Ayman
3525:
3511:Shihadeh, Ayman
3509:
3503:
3481:Shihadeh, Ayman
3479:
3469:Shihadeh, Ayman
3467:
3446:
3439:
3421:Rowson, Everett
3414:
3405:
3393:
3369:
3360:
3354:
3337:
3318:Heinrichs, W.P.
3295:
3292:
3287:
3286:
3269:
3263:
3261:
3259:en.wikishia.net
3251:
3250:
3246:
3239:
3224:
3223:
3219:
3213:
3196:
3195:
3191:
3184:
3169:
3168:
3164:
3157:
3142:
3141:
3137:
3130:
3115:
3114:
3110:
3101:
3099:
3091:
3090:
3086:
3065:
3059:
3055:
3046:
3042:
3030:
3026:
3010:
3006:
2998:
2991:
2984:
2967:
2966:
2962:
2954:
2945:
2931:
2929:
2920:
2919:
2912:
2904:
2902:
2891:
2886:
2885:
2870:
2862:
2860:
2845:
2844:
2833:
2824:
2823:
2819:
2808:
2804:
2795:
2791:
2767:
2766:
2762:
2747:
2743:
2709:
2708:
2701:
2692:
2690:
2688:
2673:
2672:
2668:
2661:
2646:
2645:
2641:
2636:
2594:
2450:Kitab al-Firasa
2352:(also known as
2344:Tafsir al-Kabir
2336:
2237:Al-Razi states:
2200:
2166:
2146:Tafsīr al-Kabīr
2134:
2128:
2035:
1969:
1921:
1919:
1912:
1911:
1865:
1864:
1853:
1852:
1849:
1842:
1841:
1832:
1831:
1823:
1817:
1811:
1805:
1794:
1783:
1776:
1775:
1766:
1765:
1748:
1733:
1718:
1710:
1695:
1673:
1665:
1657:
1649:
1641:
1632:
1631:
1620:
1619:
1614:
1613:
1610:
1601:
1592:
1583:
1574:
1564:
1555:
1545:
1544:
1543:14th AH/20th AD
1535:
1534:
1531:
1522:
1513:
1504:
1495:
1485:
1484:
1483:13th AH/19th AD
1475:
1474:
1471:
1466:Muhammad 'Ilish
1462:
1453:
1448:Ahmad al-Tijani
1444:
1435:
1426:
1421:Ahmad al-Dardir
1416:
1415:
1414:12th AH/18th AD
1406:
1405:
1402:
1393:
1384:
1377:
1367:
1366:
1365:11th AH/17th AD
1357:
1356:
1353:
1344:
1335:
1326:
1316:
1315:
1314:10th AH/16th AD
1306:
1305:
1302:
1293:
1284:
1275:
1266:
1257:
1248:
1241:
1231:
1230:
1221:
1220:
1217:
1208:
1198:
1189:
1180:
1171:
1162:
1153:
1151:(d. 807/1404-5)
1144:
1135:
1126:
1116:
1115:
1106:
1105:
1102:
1093:
1084:
1075:
1066:
1057:
1048:
1039:
1030:
1025:Ibn 'Ata' Allah
1021:
1011:
1010:
1001:
1000:
997:
988:
979:
970:
961:
952:
942:
933:
924:
915:
905:
904:
895:
894:
891:
886:Ahmad al-Rifa'i
882:
873:
864:
855:
846:
837:
828:
819:
810:
801:
791:
790:
781:
780:
777:
768:
759:
750:
741:
732:
723:
714:
705:
703:(d. 430/1038-9)
696:
687:
678:
669:
659:
658:
649:
648:
645:
636:
626:
625:
615:
614:
603:
570:
533:
414:inductive logic
390:Fakhruddin Razi
371:
331:
330:
321:
289:
288:
247:Notable work(s)
124:
115:
106:
97:
78:
75:al-Mutakallimin
70:
68:
65:Shaykh al-Islam
56:
44:
37:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
9876:
9874:
9866:
9865:
9860:
9855:
9850:
9845:
9840:
9835:
9830:
9825:
9820:
9815:
9810:
9805:
9800:
9795:
9790:
9785:
9780:
9775:
9770:
9765:
9760:
9755:
9750:
9740:
9739:
9733:
9732:
9730:
9729:
9724:
9719:
9714:
9709:
9704:
9699:
9694:
9692:Ibn Khordadbeh
9689:
9684:
9679:
9674:
9669:
9664:
9659:
9654:
9649:
9644:
9638:
9636:
9633:Historians and
9630:
9629:
9627:
9626:
9621:
9616:
9611:
9606:
9601:
9596:
9591:
9586:
9581:
9576:
9571:
9566:
9561:
9556:
9551:
9545:
9543:
9539:
9538:
9536:
9535:
9530:
9525:
9520:
9515:
9510:
9505:
9500:
9495:
9490:
9485:
9480:
9475:
9470:
9465:
9460:
9455:
9450:
9445:
9440:
9435:
9430:
9425:
9420:
9415:
9413:Hakim Tirmidhi
9410:
9405:
9400:
9395:
9390:
9385:
9380:
9375:
9370:
9365:
9360:
9355:
9350:
9345:
9340:
9335:
9329:
9327:
9323:
9322:
9320:
9319:
9314:
9309:
9304:
9299:
9294:
9289:
9284:
9278:
9276:
9272:
9271:
9269:
9268:
9263:
9258:
9253:
9248:
9243:
9238:
9233:
9228:
9223:
9218:
9213:
9208:
9203:
9198:
9193:
9188:
9183:
9178:
9173:
9168:
9162:
9160:
9156:
9155:
9149:
9147:
9146:
9139:
9132:
9124:
9115:
9114:
9111:
9110:
9107:
9106:
9104:
9103:
9098:
9093:
9088:
9083:
9078:
9070:
9067:
9066:
9063:
9062:
9060:
9059:
9054:
9049:
9044:
9039:
9034:
9028:
9026:
9020:
9019:
9017:
9016:
9011:
9010:
9009:
9004:
8995:
8980:
8978:
8972:
8971:
8969:
8968:
8967:
8966:
8960:
8955:
8950:
8945:
8943:Muhammad Abduh
8934:
8932:
8926:
8925:
8923:
8922:
8921:
8920:
8902:
8901:
8900:
8886:
8885:
8884:
8866:
8865:
8864:
8847:
8846:
8845:
8840:
8835:
8824:
8822:
8813:
8803:
8802:
8799:
8798:
8796:
8795:
8794:
8793:
8788:
8786:Rashad Khalifa
8778:
8777:
8776:
8771:
8769:Muhammad Iqbal
8761:
8756:
8750:
8748:
8742:
8741:
8739:
8738:
8737:
8736:
8730:
8729:
8728:
8722:
8721:
8720:
8719:
8718:
8712:
8709:
8703:
8700:
8699:
8698:
8697:
8696:
8687:
8686:
8685:
8677:
8676:
8675:
8674:
8673:
8668:
8660:
8653:
8651:
8639:
8638:
8636:
8635:
8622:
8620:Bektashi Order
8613:
8604:
8590:
8588:
8579:
8565:
8564:
8561:
8560:
8558:
8557:
8556:
8555:
8547:
8542:
8537:
8534:
8533:
8532:
8524:
8523:
8522:
8516:
8511:
8510:
8509:
8499:
8498:
8497:
8491:
8490:
8489:
8483:
8482:
8481:
8473:
8472:
8471:
8469:Abu al-Khattab
8460:
8458:
8452:
8451:
8449:
8448:
8447:
8446:
8441:
8436:
8427:Abū Hulmān al-
8420:
8417:
8416:
8415:
8408:
8406:
8397:
8391:
8390:
8387:
8386:
8384:
8383:
8382:Amr ibn Murrah
8380:
8379:Ahmad ibn Hārb
8377:
8374:
8371:
8368:
8367:Salm ibn Sālem
8365:
8362:
8359:
8356:
8353:
8350:
8347:
8342:
8336:
8334:
8330:
8329:
8327:
8326:
8325:
8324:
8318:
8317:
8316:
8310:
8309:
8308:
8302:
8301:
8300:
8299:Sāleh ibn Umar
8294:
8293:
8292:
8286:
8285:
8284:
8278:
8277:
8276:
8275:Gassān al-Kūfī
8270:
8269:
8268:
8262:
8261:
8260:
8253:
8251:
8247:
8246:
8244:
8243:
8242:
8241:
8238:
8235:
8232:
8229:
8226:
8223:
8220:
8217:
8214:
8211:
8208:
8205:
8202:
8199:
8196:
8189:
8187:
8178:
8158:
8157:
8154:
8153:
8151:
8150:
8145:
8144:
8143:
8133:
8124:
8122:Jābir ibn Zayd
8119:
8113:
8111:
8105:
8104:
8102:
8101:
8100:
8099:
8090:
8080:
8079:
8078:
8068:
8067:
8066:
8060:
8059:
8058:
8048:
8047:
8046:
8043:
8040:
8033:
8031:
8022:
8010:
8009:
8006:
8005:
8003:
8002:
7997:
7996:
7995:
7990:Tawussite Shia
7987:
7986:
7985:
7971:
7970:
7969:
7955:
7949:
7947:
7940:
7939:
7937:
7936:
7935:
7934:
7929:
7928:
7927:
7922:
7921:
7920:
7915:
7914:
7913:
7908:
7893:
7892:
7891:
7873:
7872:
7871:
7870:
7869:
7863:
7862:
7861:
7858:
7857:
7856:
7853:
7845:
7830:
7829:
7828:
7817:
7815:
7807:
7806:
7804:
7803:
7802:
7801:
7792:
7779:
7765:
7764:
7763:
7751:
7750:
7749:
7744:
7743:
7742:
7737:
7732:
7712:
7711:
7710:
7693:
7675:
7674:
7673:
7662:
7660:
7650:
7649:
7647:
7646:
7645:
7644:
7635:
7621:
7620:
7619:
7602:
7584:
7583:
7582:
7556:
7555:
7554:
7549:
7548:
7547:
7542:
7526:
7524:
7511:
7489:
7488:
7485:
7484:
7482:
7481:
7480:
7479:
7474:
7464:
7463:
7462:
7460:Imams of Yemen
7457:
7455:Yahya ibn Umar
7452:
7451:
7450:
7440:
7435:
7430:
7419:
7417:
7408:
7402:
7401:
7398:
7397:
7395:
7394:
7393:
7392:
7391:
7390:
7381:
7368:
7345:
7344:
7343:
7342:
7341:
7327:
7316:
7314:
7302:
7301:
7299:
7298:
7297:
7296:
7291:
7286:
7285:
7284:
7279:
7278:
7277:
7272:
7267:
7257:
7256:
7255:
7250:
7245:
7240:
7230:
7229:
7228:
7209:
7199:
7198:
7197:
7192:
7187:
7177:
7176:
7175:
7166:
7164:
7149:
7139:
7138:
7133:
7126:
7125:
7122:
7121:
7118:
7117:
7115:
7114:
7109:
7103:
7100:
7099:
7096:
7095:
7093:
7092:
7081:
7070:
7063:Kitab al-Majmu
7059:
7051:
7049:
7045:
7044:
7042:
7041:
7034:
7029:
7022:
7015:
7008:
7000:
6998:
6992:
6991:
6989:
6988:
6981:
6974:
6967:
6960:
6953:
6946:
6939:
6932:
6925:
6918:
6911:
6904:
6901:Asas al-Taqdis
6896:
6894:
6885:
6881:
6880:
6877:
6876:
6874:
6873:
6868:
6863:
6858:
6853:
6847:
6845:
6839:
6838:
6836:
6835:
6830:
6825:
6820:
6815:
6814:
6813:
6803:
6798:
6793:
6788:
6783:
6777:
6775:
6769:
6768:
6766:
6765:
6764:
6763:
6753:
6751:Ja'far Sobhani
6748:
6743:
6738:
6733:
6728:
6723:
6718:
6713:
6708:
6703:
6702:
6701:
6696:
6691:
6686:
6681:
6676:
6671:
6666:
6661:
6656:
6654:Husayn ibn Ali
6651:
6646:
6635:
6633:
6627:
6626:
6624:
6623:
6622:
6621:
6613:
6612:
6611:
6601:
6600:
6599:
6589:
6587:Salman al-Ouda
6584:
6583:
6582:
6580:Sahwa movement
6572:
6570:Zubair Ali Zai
6567:
6562:
6561:
6560:
6550:
6549:
6548:
6538:
6533:
6528:
6523:
6518:
6513:
6508:
6503:
6502:
6501:
6491:
6486:
6480:
6478:
6472:
6471:
6469:
6468:
6467:
6466:
6463:
6460:
6457:
6450:
6448:
6442:
6441:
6439:
6438:
6435:
6430:
6425:
6420:
6418:Al-Zamakhshari
6415:
6414:
6413:
6403:
6397:
6394:
6391:
6388:
6382:
6379:
6376:
6373:
6370:
6363:
6361:
6349:
6348:
6346:
6345:
6325:
6323:
6317:
6316:
6314:
6313:
6303:
6302:
6301:
6293:
6277:
6266:
6264:
6258:
6257:
6255:
6254:
6253:
6252:
6251:
6250:
6237:
6236:
6235:
6224:
6222:
6216:
6215:
6213:
6212:
6207:
6202:
6197:
6192:
6187:
6182:
6177:
6172:
6167:
6162:
6157:
6155:Ahmad Sirhindi
6152:
6147:
6142:
6137:
6132:
6127:
6122:
6117:
6112:
6107:
6102:
6097:
6092:
6087:
6082:
6077:
6072:
6067:
6062:
6057:
6051:
6049:
6037:
6036:
6034:
6033:
6023:
6016:Malik ibn Anas
6013:
6002:
6000:
5991:
5990:
5988:
5987:
5982:
5977:
5972:
5967:
5962:
5957:
5952:
5947:
5942:
5937:
5932:
5927:
5922:
5917:
5912:
5907:
5902:
5897:
5892:
5887:
5882:
5877:
5872:
5867:
5862:
5857:
5852:
5847:
5842:
5837:
5832:
5827:
5822:
5817:
5812:
5807:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5787:
5782:
5780:Al-Shahrastani
5777:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5756:
5754:
5739:
5733:
5732:
5729:
5728:
5726:
5725:
5720:
5715:
5709:
5707:
5701:
5700:
5698:
5697:
5692:
5687:
5681:
5679:
5673:
5672:
5670:
5669:
5664:
5659:
5654:
5648:
5646:
5640:
5639:
5637:
5636:
5631:
5626:
5620:
5618:
5609:
5601:
5600:
5597:
5596:
5593:
5588:
5584:
5583:
5576:
5575:
5570:
5568:
5567:
5560:
5553:
5545:
5536:
5535:
5533:
5532:
5525:
5518:
5511:
5496:
5493:
5492:
5489:
5488:
5486:
5485:
5480:
5475:
5470:
5465:
5460:
5455:
5449:
5443:
5439:
5438:
5435:
5434:
5432:
5431:
5426:
5421:
5416:
5411:
5406:
5401:
5399:Asas al-Taqdis
5396:
5390:
5384:
5383:Theology books
5380:
5379:
5376:
5375:
5373:
5372:
5367:
5362:
5357:
5351:
5345:
5339:
5333:
5327:
5321:
5318:Al-Ashraf Musa
5315:
5309:
5303:
5297:
5291:
5285:
5278:
5272:
5268:
5267:
5260:
5258:
5255:
5254:
5252:
5251:
5245:
5239:
5232:
5230:
5224:
5223:
5221:
5220:
5214:
5207:
5205:
5199:
5198:
5196:
5195:
5190:
5185:
5180:
5174:
5168:
5162:
5156:
5150:
5147:Hasan al-Attar
5144:
5138:
5132:
5126:
5120:
5114:
5108:
5102:
5096:
5090:
5084:
5078:
5072:
5066:
5060:
5054:
5048:
5042:
5036:
5030:
5024:
5018:
5012:
5006:
5000:
4994:
4988:
4982:
4976:
4970:
4964:
4958:
4955:Al-Shahrastani
4952:
4946:
4940:
4934:
4928:
4922:
4916:
4910:
4904:
4898:
4892:
4886:
4880:
4874:
4868:
4862:
4856:
4849:
4847:
4841:
4840:
4838:
4837:
4832:
4830:Ahmed el-Tayeb
4827:
4821:
4815:
4809:
4803:
4797:
4791:
4785:
4779:
4773:
4767:
4761:
4755:
4749:
4743:
4737:
4731:
4725:
4719:
4713:
4707:
4701:
4695:
4689:
4683:
4677:
4671:
4665:
4659:
4653:
4647:
4641:
4635:
4629:
4623:
4617:
4611:
4605:
4602:Al-Qadi 'Ayyad
4599:
4593:
4587:
4581:
4575:
4569:
4563:
4557:
4551:
4544:
4542:
4533:
4517:
4516:
4514:
4513:
4501:
4488:
4485:
4484:
4477:
4475:
4474:
4467:
4460:
4452:
4443:
4442:
4440:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4417:
4414:
4413:
4411:
4410:
4405:
4399:
4396:Afifi al-Akiti
4393:
4387:
4381:
4375:
4372:Umar bin Hafiz
4369:
4363:
4357:
4351:
4345:
4339:
4333:
4330:Naqib al-Attas
4327:
4321:
4315:
4309:
4303:
4297:
4291:
4284:
4282:
4278:
4277:
4275:
4274:
4268:
4262:
4256:
4250:
4244:
4238:
4231:
4229:
4225:
4224:
4222:
4221:
4215:
4209:
4203:
4197:
4191:
4184:
4182:
4178:
4177:
4175:
4174:
4167:
4165:
4161:
4160:
4158:
4157:
4151:
4145:
4144:(1492/93–1565)
4138:
4136:
4132:
4131:
4129:
4128:
4122:
4116:
4110:
4104:
4098:
4092:
4085:
4083:
4079:
4078:
4076:
4075:
4069:
4063:
4057:
4051:
4045:
4039:
4033:
4027:
4021:
4015:
4009:
4002:
4000:
3996:
3995:
3993:
3992:
3987:
3981:
3980:(1252/53–1334)
3975:
3969:
3963:
3957:
3951:
3945:
3939:
3936:Ibn Abil-Hadid
3932:
3930:
3926:
3925:
3923:
3922:
3916:
3910:
3904:
3898:
3892:
3886:
3880:
3879:(1105–c. 1176)
3874:
3871:Al-Shahrastani
3868:
3861:
3859:
3855:
3854:
3852:
3851:
3845:
3839:
3833:
3827:
3821:
3815:
3809:
3802:
3800:
3796:
3795:
3793:
3792:
3787:
3781:
3775:
3769:
3763:
3757:
3751:
3745:
3738:
3736:
3732:
3731:
3729:
3728:
3723:
3717:
3714:Ibn al-Mundhir
3711:
3705:
3699:
3693:
3687:
3681:
3675:
3668:
3666:
3662:
3661:
3659:
3658:
3652:
3645:
3643:
3639:
3638:
3636:
3635:
3623:
3620:
3619:
3616:Shafi'i school
3614:
3612:
3611:
3604:
3597:
3589:
3583:
3582:
3570:
3558:
3550:
3549:External links
3547:
3546:
3545:
3535:
3523:
3507:
3501:
3477:
3465:
3437:
3417:Krämer, Gudrun
3412:
3403:
3395:Griffel, Frank
3391:
3381:(3): 313–344.
3371:Griffel, Frank
3367:
3358:
3352:
3335:
3314:van Donzel, E.
3310:Bosworth, C.E.
3291:
3288:
3285:
3284:
3244:
3237:
3217:
3211:
3205:, p. 79,
3189:
3182:
3162:
3155:
3135:
3128:
3108:
3084:
3053:
3040:
3024:
3004:
2989:
2982:
2960:
2943:
2927:Universe Today
2910:
2868:
2831:
2817:
2802:
2789:
2760:
2741:
2699:
2686:
2666:
2659:
2638:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2593:
2590:
2589:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2568:
2561:Commentary on
2554:
2544:
2534:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2497:
2487:
2477:
2467:
2457:
2454:Book on Firasa
2447:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2410:
2391:Asas al-Taqdis
2372:
2371:
2357:
2335:
2332:
2261:), the chair (
2199:
2196:
2165:
2162:
2130:Main article:
2127:
2122:
2036: 573–634
1999:), whence his
1971:
1970:
1968:
1967:
1960:
1953:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1940:
1939:
1929:
1914:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1893:
1892:
1888:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1871:
1870:
1866:
1862:Related groups
1860:
1859:
1858:
1855:
1854:
1851:
1850:
1843:
1839:
1838:
1837:
1834:
1833:
1830:
1829:
1824:
1818:
1812:
1806:
1803:Umayyad Mosque
1800:
1795:
1789:
1784:
1777:
1773:
1772:
1771:
1768:
1767:
1764:
1763:
1756:
1749:
1741:
1738:Asas al-Taqdis
1734:
1726:
1719:
1711:
1703:
1696:
1688:
1681:
1674:
1666:
1658:
1650:
1642:
1633:
1627:
1626:
1625:
1622:
1621:
1616:
1615:
1612:
1611:
1608:(d. 1442/2021)
1602:
1599:(d. 1436/2015)
1593:
1590:(d. 1434/2013)
1584:
1581:(d. 1432/2010)
1575:
1572:(d. 1429/2008)
1565:
1562:(d. 1425/2004)
1556:
1553:(d. 1419/1998)
1546:
1542:
1541:
1540:
1537:
1536:
1533:
1532:
1529:(d. 1393/1973)
1523:
1520:(d. 1390/1970)
1514:
1511:(d. 1379/1960)
1505:
1502:(d. 1350/1931)
1496:
1493:(d. 1304/1886)
1486:
1482:
1481:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1473:
1472:
1469:(d. 1299/1882)
1463:
1454:
1451:(d. 1230/1815)
1445:
1442:(d. 1227/1812)
1436:
1433:(d. 1224/1809)
1427:
1424:(d. 1204/1786)
1417:
1413:
1412:
1411:
1408:
1407:
1404:
1403:
1400:(d. 1176/1762)
1394:
1391:(d. 1132/1720)
1385:
1383:(d. 1122/1710)
1378:
1375:(d. 1102/1691)
1368:
1364:
1363:
1362:
1359:
1358:
1355:
1354:
1351:(d. 1072/1662)
1345:
1342:(d. 1041/1631)
1336:
1333:(d. 1041/1632)
1327:
1324:(d. 1040/1631)
1317:
1313:
1312:
1311:
1308:
1307:
1304:
1303:
1294:
1285:
1276:
1267:
1258:
1249:
1242:
1232:
1229:9th AH/15th AD
1228:
1227:
1226:
1223:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1209:
1199:
1190:
1181:
1172:
1163:
1154:
1145:
1136:
1127:
1117:
1114:8th AH/14th AD
1113:
1112:
1111:
1108:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1094:
1085:
1076:
1067:
1058:
1049:
1040:
1031:
1022:
1012:
1009:7th AH/13th AD
1008:
1007:
1006:
1003:
1002:
999:
998:
989:
980:
971:
962:
953:
943:
934:
925:
922:(d. 630/ 1233)
916:
906:
903:6th AH/12th AD
902:
901:
900:
897:
896:
893:
892:
883:
874:
868:Al-Shahrastani
865:
856:
847:
838:
829:
820:
811:
802:
792:
789:5th AH/11th AD
788:
787:
786:
783:
782:
779:
778:
769:
760:
751:
742:
733:
724:
715:
706:
697:
688:
679:
670:
660:
657:4th AH/10th AD
656:
655:
654:
651:
650:
647:
646:
637:
627:
623:
622:
621:
616:
610:
609:
608:
605:
604:
602:
601:
596:
591:
586:
580:
577:
576:
572:
571:
559:
551:
550:
544:
543:
532:
529:
491:, and died in
398:فخر الدين رازی
373:
372:
370:
369:
328:
327:
326:
323:
322:
320:
319:
286:
285:
284:
281:
280:
276:
275:
266:
262:
261:
258:Asas al-Taqdis
248:
244:
243:
190:
186:
185:
180:
176:
175:
170:
166:
165:
160:
156:
155:
150:
146:
145:
140:
136:
135:
130:
126:
125:
116:
112:
108:
107:
98:
90:
86:
85:
81:
80:
62:
58:
57:
54:
46:
45:
39:
38:
33:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9875:
9864:
9861:
9859:
9856:
9854:
9851:
9849:
9846:
9844:
9841:
9839:
9836:
9834:
9831:
9829:
9826:
9824:
9821:
9819:
9816:
9814:
9811:
9809:
9806:
9804:
9801:
9799:
9796:
9794:
9791:
9789:
9786:
9784:
9781:
9779:
9776:
9774:
9771:
9769:
9766:
9764:
9761:
9759:
9756:
9754:
9751:
9749:
9746:
9745:
9743:
9728:
9725:
9723:
9720:
9718:
9717:Yahya Barmaki
9715:
9713:
9710:
9708:
9707:Nizam al-Mulk
9705:
9703:
9700:
9698:
9695:
9693:
9690:
9688:
9685:
9683:
9680:
9678:
9675:
9673:
9670:
9668:
9665:
9663:
9660:
9658:
9655:
9653:
9650:
9648:
9645:
9643:
9640:
9639:
9637:
9631:
9625:
9622:
9620:
9617:
9615:
9612:
9610:
9607:
9605:
9604:Nasir Khusraw
9602:
9600:
9597:
9595:
9592:
9590:
9587:
9585:
9582:
9580:
9577:
9575:
9572:
9570:
9567:
9565:
9562:
9560:
9557:
9555:
9552:
9550:
9547:
9546:
9544:
9540:
9534:
9531:
9529:
9526:
9524:
9521:
9519:
9516:
9514:
9511:
9509:
9506:
9504:
9501:
9499:
9496:
9494:
9491:
9489:
9486:
9484:
9481:
9479:
9476:
9474:
9471:
9469:
9468:Mulla al-Qari
9466:
9464:
9461:
9459:
9456:
9454:
9451:
9449:
9446:
9444:
9441:
9439:
9436:
9434:
9431:
9429:
9426:
9424:
9421:
9419:
9416:
9414:
9411:
9409:
9406:
9404:
9401:
9399:
9396:
9394:
9391:
9389:
9386:
9384:
9381:
9379:
9376:
9374:
9371:
9369:
9366:
9364:
9361:
9359:
9356:
9354:
9351:
9349:
9346:
9344:
9341:
9339:
9336:
9334:
9331:
9330:
9328:
9324:
9318:
9315:
9313:
9310:
9308:
9307:Nasir Khusraw
9305:
9303:
9300:
9298:
9295:
9293:
9290:
9288:
9285:
9283:
9280:
9279:
9277:
9273:
9267:
9264:
9262:
9259:
9257:
9254:
9252:
9249:
9247:
9244:
9242:
9239:
9237:
9234:
9232:
9229:
9227:
9224:
9222:
9219:
9217:
9216:Hasib Marwazi
9214:
9212:
9209:
9207:
9204:
9202:
9199:
9197:
9194:
9192:
9189:
9187:
9184:
9182:
9179:
9177:
9174:
9172:
9169:
9167:
9164:
9163:
9161:
9157:
9153:
9145:
9140:
9138:
9133:
9131:
9126:
9125:
9122:
9102:
9099:
9097:
9094:
9092:
9089:
9087:
9084:
9082:
9079:
9076:
9072:
9071:
9068:
9058:
9055:
9053:
9050:
9048:
9045:
9043:
9040:
9038:
9035:
9033:
9030:
9029:
9027:
9025:
9024:Other beliefs
9021:
9015:
9012:
9008:
9005:
9003:
8999:
8998:Hilmi Tunahan
8996:
8994:
8990:
8987:
8986:
8985:
8982:
8981:
8979:
8977:
8973:
8965:
8961:
8959:
8956:
8954:
8951:
8949:
8948:Muhammad Asad
8946:
8944:
8941:
8940:
8939:
8936:
8935:
8933:
8931:
8927:
8919:
8915:
8911:
8908:
8907:
8906:
8903:
8899:
8895:
8892:
8891:
8890:
8887:
8883:
8879:
8875:
8872:
8871:
8870:
8867:
8863:
8859:
8858:Sabbatai Zevi
8856:
8855:
8854:
8851:
8848:
8844:
8841:
8839:
8836:
8834:
8831:
8830:
8829:
8826:
8825:
8823:
8821:
8817:
8814:
8812:
8804:
8792:
8789:
8787:
8784:
8783:
8782:
8779:
8775:
8772:
8770:
8767:
8766:
8765:
8762:
8760:
8757:
8755:
8752:
8751:
8749:
8747:
8743:
8734:
8733:
8731:
8726:
8725:
8723:
8716:
8715:
8713:
8710:
8708:Ali al-Aswarī
8707:
8706:
8704:
8701:
8694:
8693:
8691:
8690:
8688:
8683:
8682:
8681:
8678:
8672:
8669:
8666:
8665:
8664:
8661:
8658:
8657:
8655:
8654:
8652:
8649:
8644:
8640:
8634:
8630:
8626:
8623:
8621:
8617:
8614:
8612:
8608:
8605:
8603:
8599:
8595:
8592:
8591:
8589:
8587:
8583:
8580:
8577:
8570:
8566:
8554:
8551:
8550:
8548:
8546:
8543:
8541:
8538:
8535:
8530:
8529:
8528:
8525:
8520:
8519:
8517:
8515:
8512:
8508:
8505:
8504:
8503:
8500:
8495:
8494:
8492:
8487:
8486:
8485:Muʿāmmarīyya
8484:
8479:
8478:
8477:
8474:
8470:
8467:
8466:
8465:
8462:
8461:
8459:
8457:
8453:
8445:
8442:
8440:
8437:
8434:
8430:
8426:
8425:
8424:
8421:
8418:
8413:
8412:
8410:
8409:
8407:
8405:
8401:
8398:
8396:
8392:
8381:
8378:
8375:
8372:
8369:
8366:
8363:
8360:
8357:
8354:
8351:
8348:
8346:
8343:
8341:
8338:
8337:
8335:
8331:
8322:
8321:
8319:
8314:
8313:
8311:
8306:
8305:
8303:
8298:
8297:
8295:
8290:
8289:
8287:
8282:
8281:
8279:
8274:
8273:
8271:
8266:
8265:
8263:
8258:
8257:
8255:
8254:
8252:
8248:
8239:
8236:
8233:
8230:
8227:
8224:
8221:
8218:
8215:
8212:
8209:
8206:
8203:
8200:
8197:
8194:
8193:
8191:
8190:
8188:
8186:
8182:
8179:
8176:
8170:
8163:
8159:
8149:
8146:
8142:
8139:
8138:
8137:
8134:
8132:
8128:
8125:
8123:
8120:
8118:
8115:
8114:
8112:
8110:
8106:
8098:
8094:
8091:
8089:
8086:
8085:
8084:
8081:
8077:
8074:
8073:
8072:
8069:
8064:
8063:
8061:
8057:
8054:
8053:
8052:
8049:
8044:
8041:
8038:
8037:
8035:
8034:
8032:
8030:
8026:
8023:
8020:
8015:
8011:
8001:
8000:Waqifite Shia
7998:
7993:
7992:
7991:
7988:
7984:
7980:
7977:
7976:
7975:
7972:
7968:
7964:
7961:
7960:
7959:
7956:
7954:
7951:
7950:
7948:
7946:
7941:
7933:
7930:
7926:
7925:Ishaq al-Turk
7923:
7919:
7916:
7912:
7909:
7907:
7904:
7903:
7902:
7899:
7898:
7897:
7894:
7890:
7887:
7886:
7885:
7882:
7881:
7879:
7878:
7877:
7874:
7867:
7866:
7864:
7859:
7854:
7852:
7849:
7848:
7846:
7843:
7842:
7840:
7839:
7838:
7834:
7831:
7827:
7824:
7823:
7822:
7819:
7818:
7816:
7814:
7808:
7800:
7796:
7793:
7791:
7787:
7783:
7780:
7778:
7774:
7771:
7770:
7769:
7766:
7762:
7759:
7755:
7752:
7748:
7745:
7741:
7738:
7736:
7733:
7731:
7728:
7727:
7726:
7723:
7722:
7721:
7718:
7717:
7716:
7713:
7709:
7705:
7701:
7697:
7694:
7692:
7688:
7684:
7683:Hamdan Qarmat
7681:
7680:
7679:
7676:
7672:
7669:
7668:
7667:
7664:
7663:
7661:
7659:
7655:
7651:
7643:
7639:
7636:
7634:
7630:
7627:
7626:
7625:
7622:
7618:
7614:
7610:
7606:
7603:
7601:
7597:
7593:
7590:
7589:
7588:
7585:
7581:
7580:Safavid Islam
7577:
7573:
7569:
7565:
7564:Sheikh Haydar
7562:
7561:
7560:
7557:
7553:
7550:
7546:
7543:
7541:
7538:
7537:
7536:
7533:
7532:
7531:
7528:
7527:
7525:
7523:
7519:
7515:
7512:
7510:
7506:
7502:
7498:
7494:
7490:
7478:
7475:
7473:
7470:
7469:
7468:
7465:
7461:
7458:
7456:
7453:
7449:
7446:
7445:
7444:
7441:
7439:
7436:
7434:
7431:
7429:
7426:
7425:
7424:
7421:
7420:
7418:
7416:
7412:
7409:
7407:
7403:
7389:
7385:
7382:
7380:
7376:
7372:
7369:
7367:
7363:
7359:
7356:
7355:
7354:
7351:
7350:
7349:
7346:
7340:
7336:
7333:
7332:
7331:
7328:
7326:
7323:
7322:
7321:
7318:
7317:
7315:
7312:
7307:
7303:
7295:
7292:
7290:
7287:
7283:
7280:
7276:
7273:
7271:
7268:
7266:
7263:
7262:
7261:
7258:
7254:
7251:
7249:
7246:
7244:
7241:
7239:
7236:
7235:
7234:
7231:
7227:
7223:
7220:
7219:
7218:
7215:
7214:
7213:
7210:
7208:
7205:
7204:
7203:
7200:
7196:
7193:
7191:
7188:
7186:
7183:
7182:
7181:
7178:
7174:
7171:
7170:
7168:
7167:
7165:
7162:
7157:
7156:Ahl al-Hadith
7153:
7150:
7148:
7144:
7140:
7136:
7131:
7127:
7113:
7110:
7108:
7105:
7104:
7101:
7091:
7090:
7086:
7082:
7080:
7079:
7075:
7071:
7069:
7068:
7064:
7060:
7058:
7057:
7053:
7052:
7050:
7046:
7040:
7039:
7035:
7033:
7030:
7028:
7027:
7023:
7021:
7020:
7016:
7014:
7013:
7009:
7007:
7006:
7002:
7001:
6999:
6997:
6993:
6987:
6986:
6982:
6980:
6979:
6975:
6973:
6972:
6968:
6966:
6965:
6961:
6959:
6958:
6954:
6952:
6951:
6947:
6945:
6944:
6940:
6938:
6937:
6933:
6931:
6930:
6926:
6924:
6923:
6919:
6917:
6916:
6912:
6910:
6909:
6905:
6903:
6902:
6898:
6897:
6895:
6893:
6889:
6886:
6882:
6872:
6869:
6867:
6864:
6862:
6859:
6857:
6854:
6852:
6849:
6848:
6846:
6844:
6843:Zaydi Shi'ism
6840:
6834:
6831:
6829:
6826:
6824:
6821:
6819:
6816:
6812:
6809:
6808:
6807:
6804:
6802:
6799:
6797:
6794:
6792:
6789:
6787:
6784:
6782:
6779:
6778:
6776:
6774:
6770:
6762:
6759:
6758:
6757:
6754:
6752:
6749:
6747:
6744:
6742:
6739:
6737:
6734:
6732:
6729:
6727:
6724:
6722:
6719:
6717:
6714:
6712:
6709:
6707:
6704:
6700:
6697:
6695:
6692:
6690:
6687:
6685:
6682:
6680:
6677:
6675:
6674:Musa al-Kazim
6672:
6670:
6667:
6665:
6662:
6660:
6659:Ali al-Sajjad
6657:
6655:
6652:
6650:
6649:Hasan ibn Ali
6647:
6645:
6642:
6641:
6640:
6637:
6636:
6634:
6632:
6628:
6620:Post-Salafism
6619:
6618:
6617:
6614:
6610:
6607:
6606:
6605:
6602:
6598:
6595:
6594:
6593:
6590:
6588:
6585:
6581:
6578:
6577:
6576:
6573:
6571:
6568:
6566:
6563:
6559:
6556:
6555:
6554:
6551:
6547:
6544:
6543:
6542:
6539:
6537:
6534:
6532:
6529:
6527:
6524:
6522:
6519:
6517:
6514:
6512:
6509:
6507:
6504:
6500:
6497:
6496:
6495:
6492:
6490:
6487:
6485:
6484:Ibn Taymiyyah
6482:
6481:
6479:
6477:
6473:
6465:Mustadrakīyya
6464:
6461:
6458:
6455:
6454:
6452:
6451:
6449:
6447:
6443:
6436:
6434:
6431:
6429:
6426:
6424:
6423:Amr ibn Ubayd
6421:
6419:
6416:
6412:
6409:
6408:
6407:
6404:
6401:
6398:
6395:
6392:
6389:
6386:
6383:
6380:
6377:
6374:
6371:
6368:
6365:
6364:
6362:
6359:
6354:
6350:
6343:
6339:
6335:
6331:
6327:
6326:
6324:
6322:
6318:
6311:
6307:
6304:
6300:
6297:
6294:
6292:
6289:
6288:
6286:
6282:
6278:
6275:
6271:
6268:
6267:
6265:
6263:
6259:
6248:
6247:
6246:
6243:
6242:
6241:
6238:
6234:
6231:
6230:
6229:
6226:
6225:
6223:
6221:
6217:
6211:
6208:
6206:
6203:
6201:
6198:
6196:
6193:
6191:
6188:
6186:
6183:
6181:
6178:
6176:
6173:
6171:
6168:
6166:
6163:
6161:
6158:
6156:
6153:
6151:
6148:
6146:
6143:
6141:
6138:
6136:
6133:
6131:
6128:
6126:
6123:
6121:
6118:
6116:
6113:
6111:
6108:
6106:
6103:
6101:
6098:
6096:
6093:
6091:
6088:
6086:
6083:
6081:
6078:
6076:
6073:
6071:
6068:
6066:
6063:
6061:
6058:
6056:
6053:
6052:
6050:
6047:
6042:
6038:
6031:
6027:
6024:
6021:
6017:
6014:
6011:
6007:
6004:
6003:
6001:
5999:
5996:
5992:
5986:
5983:
5981:
5978:
5976:
5973:
5971:
5968:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5958:
5956:
5953:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5943:
5941:
5938:
5936:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5926:
5923:
5921:
5918:
5916:
5913:
5911:
5908:
5906:
5903:
5901:
5898:
5896:
5893:
5891:
5888:
5886:
5883:
5881:
5878:
5876:
5873:
5871:
5868:
5866:
5863:
5861:
5858:
5856:
5853:
5851:
5848:
5846:
5843:
5841:
5838:
5836:
5833:
5831:
5828:
5826:
5823:
5821:
5818:
5816:
5813:
5811:
5808:
5806:
5803:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5793:
5791:
5788:
5786:
5783:
5781:
5778:
5776:
5773:
5771:
5768:
5766:
5763:
5761:
5758:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5747:
5743:
5740:
5738:
5734:
5724:
5721:
5719:
5716:
5714:
5711:
5710:
5708:
5706:
5702:
5696:
5693:
5691:
5688:
5686:
5683:
5682:
5680:
5678:
5674:
5668:
5665:
5663:
5660:
5658:
5655:
5653:
5650:
5649:
5647:
5645:
5641:
5635:
5632:
5630:
5627:
5625:
5622:
5621:
5619:
5617:
5613:
5610:
5606:
5602:
5594:
5592:
5589:
5586:
5585:
5581:
5577:
5573:
5566:
5561:
5559:
5554:
5552:
5547:
5546:
5543:
5531:
5526:
5524:
5519:
5517:
5512:
5510:
5504:
5499:
5498:
5494:
5484:
5481:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5471:
5469:
5466:
5464:
5461:
5459:
5458:Ahl al-Hadith
5456:
5454:
5451:
5450:
5447:
5444:
5440:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5412:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5402:
5400:
5397:
5395:
5392:
5391:
5388:
5385:
5381:
5371:
5368:
5366:
5363:
5361:
5360:Al-Muwahhidun
5358:
5355:
5352:
5349:
5346:
5343:
5340:
5337:
5334:
5331:
5328:
5325:
5322:
5319:
5316:
5313:
5310:
5307:
5304:
5301:
5298:
5295:
5292:
5289:
5286:
5283:
5282:Nizam al-Mulk
5280:
5279:
5276:
5273:
5269:
5264:
5249:
5246:
5243:
5240:
5237:
5234:
5233:
5231:
5229:
5225:
5218:
5215:
5212:
5209:
5208:
5206:
5204:
5200:
5194:
5193:Gibril Haddad
5191:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5178:
5175:
5172:
5169:
5166:
5165:Noah al-Qudah
5163:
5160:
5157:
5154:
5151:
5148:
5145:
5142:
5139:
5136:
5133:
5130:
5127:
5124:
5121:
5118:
5115:
5112:
5109:
5106:
5105:Al-Qastallani
5103:
5100:
5097:
5094:
5091:
5088:
5085:
5082:
5079:
5076:
5073:
5070:
5067:
5064:
5063:Ibn al-Jazari
5061:
5058:
5055:
5052:
5049:
5046:
5043:
5040:
5037:
5034:
5031:
5028:
5025:
5022:
5019:
5016:
5013:
5010:
5007:
5004:
5001:
4998:
4995:
4992:
4989:
4986:
4983:
4980:
4977:
4974:
4971:
4968:
4965:
4962:
4959:
4956:
4953:
4950:
4947:
4944:
4941:
4938:
4935:
4932:
4929:
4926:
4923:
4920:
4917:
4914:
4911:
4908:
4905:
4902:
4899:
4896:
4893:
4890:
4887:
4884:
4881:
4878:
4875:
4872:
4869:
4866:
4863:
4860:
4857:
4854:
4851:
4850:
4848:
4846:
4842:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4825:
4822:
4819:
4816:
4813:
4810:
4807:
4804:
4801:
4798:
4795:
4792:
4789:
4786:
4783:
4780:
4777:
4774:
4771:
4768:
4765:
4762:
4759:
4756:
4753:
4750:
4747:
4744:
4741:
4738:
4735:
4732:
4729:
4726:
4723:
4720:
4717:
4714:
4711:
4708:
4705:
4702:
4699:
4696:
4693:
4690:
4687:
4684:
4681:
4678:
4675:
4672:
4669:
4666:
4663:
4660:
4657:
4654:
4651:
4648:
4645:
4642:
4639:
4636:
4633:
4630:
4627:
4624:
4621:
4618:
4615:
4614:Ibn al-Qattan
4612:
4609:
4606:
4603:
4600:
4597:
4594:
4591:
4588:
4585:
4582:
4579:
4576:
4573:
4570:
4567:
4564:
4561:
4558:
4555:
4552:
4549:
4546:
4545:
4543:
4541:
4537:
4534:
4530:
4524:
4518:
4512:
4502:
4500:
4490:
4489:
4486:
4482:
4473:
4468:
4466:
4461:
4459:
4454:
4453:
4450:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4419:
4415:
4409:
4406:
4403:
4400:
4397:
4394:
4391:
4388:
4385:
4382:
4379:
4376:
4373:
4370:
4367:
4366:Gibril Haddad
4364:
4361:
4358:
4355:
4352:
4349:
4346:
4343:
4340:
4337:
4334:
4331:
4328:
4325:
4322:
4319:
4316:
4313:
4310:
4307:
4306:Hasyim Muzadi
4304:
4301:
4298:
4295:
4292:
4289:
4286:
4285:
4283:
4279:
4272:
4269:
4266:
4265:Ahmed Kuftaro
4263:
4260:
4257:
4254:
4251:
4248:
4245:
4242:
4239:
4236:
4233:
4232:
4230:
4226:
4219:
4216:
4213:
4210:
4207:
4204:
4201:
4198:
4195:
4192:
4189:
4186:
4185:
4183:
4179:
4172:
4169:
4168:
4166:
4162:
4155:
4152:
4149:
4146:
4143:
4140:
4139:
4137:
4133:
4126:
4123:
4120:
4117:
4114:
4113:Al-Qastallani
4111:
4108:
4105:
4102:
4099:
4096:
4093:
4090:
4087:
4086:
4084:
4080:
4073:
4072:Ibn al-Jazari
4070:
4067:
4064:
4061:
4058:
4055:
4052:
4049:
4046:
4043:
4040:
4037:
4034:
4031:
4028:
4025:
4022:
4019:
4016:
4013:
4010:
4007:
4004:
4003:
4001:
3997:
3991:
3988:
3985:
3982:
3979:
3976:
3973:
3970:
3967:
3964:
3961:
3960:Ibn Khallikan
3958:
3955:
3952:
3949:
3946:
3943:
3940:
3937:
3934:
3933:
3931:
3927:
3920:
3917:
3914:
3913:Ibn Abi'l-Dam
3911:
3908:
3905:
3902:
3899:
3896:
3893:
3890:
3887:
3884:
3881:
3878:
3875:
3872:
3869:
3866:
3863:
3862:
3860:
3856:
3849:
3848:Ahmad Ghazali
3846:
3843:
3840:
3837:
3834:
3831:
3828:
3825:
3822:
3819:
3816:
3813:
3810:
3807:
3804:
3803:
3801:
3797:
3791:
3788:
3785:
3782:
3779:
3776:
3773:
3770:
3767:
3764:
3761:
3758:
3755:
3752:
3749:
3746:
3743:
3740:
3739:
3737:
3733:
3727:
3724:
3721:
3718:
3715:
3712:
3709:
3708:Ibn Khuzaymah
3706:
3703:
3700:
3697:
3694:
3691:
3688:
3685:
3682:
3679:
3676:
3673:
3670:
3669:
3667:
3663:
3656:
3653:
3650:
3647:
3646:
3644:
3640:
3633:
3629:
3625:
3624:
3621:
3617:
3610:
3605:
3603:
3598:
3596:
3591:
3590:
3587:
3581:
3577:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3565:
3562:
3561:His biography
3559:
3557:
3553:
3552:
3548:
3541:
3536:
3532:
3528:
3524:
3520:
3516:
3512:
3508:
3504:
3498:
3494:
3490:
3486:
3482:
3478:
3474:
3470:
3466:
3463:
3457:
3451:
3443:
3438:
3434:
3430:
3426:
3422:
3418:
3413:
3409:
3404:
3400:
3396:
3392:
3388:
3384:
3380:
3376:
3372:
3368:
3364:
3359:
3355:
3353:9781579580414
3349:
3345:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3327:
3323:
3319:
3315:
3311:
3307:
3306:Bianquis, Th.
3303:
3299:
3294:
3293:
3289:
3280:
3274:
3260:
3256:
3248:
3245:
3240:
3238:9781490714462
3234:
3230:
3229:
3221:
3218:
3214:
3212:90-04-12480-2
3208:
3204:
3200:
3193:
3190:
3185:
3183:9781908433053
3179:
3176:. EWI Press.
3175:
3174:
3166:
3163:
3158:
3152:
3148:
3147:
3139:
3136:
3131:
3125:
3121:
3120:
3112:
3109:
3098:
3094:
3088:
3085:
3080:
3079:
3073:
3068:
3067:Gilman, D. C.
3063:
3062:public domain
3057:
3054:
3050:
3047:Facsimile in
3044:
3041:
3037:
3033:
3028:
3025:
3021:
3017:
3013:
3008:
3005:
3001:
2996:
2994:
2990:
2985:
2983:9780415881609
2979:
2976:. p. 9.
2975:
2971:
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2750:
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2717:
2713:
2706:
2704:
2700:
2689:
2687:9781317998525
2683:
2679:
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2572:
2569:
2566:
2565:of Al-Ghazali
2563:Nisf al-Wajiz
2562:
2558:
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2532:
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2461:
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2445:
2441:
2440:Ilm al-Akhlaq
2437:
2435:
2432:
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2427:
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2422:
2419:
2415:
2411:
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2334:List of works
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2126:
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2115:
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2100:
2096:
2091:
2086:
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2080:
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2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2055:
2053:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2004:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1982:
1978:
1966:
1961:
1959:
1954:
1952:
1947:
1946:
1944:
1943:
1938:
1930:
1928:
1918:
1917:
1916:
1915:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1894:
1890:
1889:
1886:
1885:Ahl al-Hadith
1883:
1881:
1878:
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1868:
1867:
1863:
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1398:
1395:
1389:
1386:
1382:
1379:
1373:
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1369:
1361:
1360:
1349:
1346:
1340:
1337:
1331:
1328:
1322:
1319:
1318:
1310:
1309:
1300:(d. 977/1570)
1298:
1295:
1291:(d. 974/1567)
1289:
1286:
1282:(d. 973/1565)
1280:
1277:
1273:(d. 926/1520)
1271:
1268:
1264:(d. 923/1517)
1262:
1261:Al-Qastallani
1259:
1255:(d. 911/1505)
1253:
1250:
1246:
1243:
1239:(d. 902/1497)
1237:
1234:
1233:
1225:
1224:
1215:(d. 899/1493)
1213:
1210:
1206:(d. 875/1470)
1204:
1200:
1196:(d. 864/1459)
1194:
1191:
1187:(d. 852/1449)
1185:
1182:
1178:(d. 833/1429)
1176:
1175:Ibn al-Jazari
1173:
1169:(d. 816/1413)
1167:
1164:
1160:(d. 808/1406)
1158:
1155:
1149:
1146:
1142:(d. 806/1404)
1140:
1137:
1133:(d. 805/1405)
1131:
1128:
1124:(d. 803/1401)
1122:
1119:
1118:
1110:
1109:
1100:(d. 794/1392)
1098:
1095:
1091:(d. 793/1390)
1089:
1086:
1082:(d. 786/1384)
1080:
1077:
1073:(d. 771/1370)
1071:
1068:
1064:(d. 756/1355)
1062:
1059:
1055:(d. 745/1344)
1053:
1050:
1046:(d. 741/1340)
1044:
1041:
1037:(d. 715/1315)
1035:
1032:
1028:(d. 709/1309)
1026:
1023:
1019:(d. 702/1302)
1017:
1014:
1013:
1005:
1004:
995:(d. 687/1288)
993:
990:
984:
981:
977:(d. 684/1285)
975:
972:
968:(d. 676/1277)
966:
963:
959:(d. 671/1272)
957:
954:
950:(d. 660/1262)
948:
944:
940:(d. 646/1248)
938:
935:
931:(d. 631/1233)
929:
926:
920:
917:
913:(d. 606/1209)
911:
908:
907:
899:
898:
889:(d. 578/1182)
887:
884:
880:(d. 571/1176)
878:
875:
871:(d. 548/1153)
869:
866:
862:(d. 544/1149)
860:
859:Al-Qadi 'Iyad
857:
853:(d. 543/1148)
851:
848:
844:(d. 536/1141)
842:
839:
835:(d. 520/1126)
833:
830:
826:(d. 513/1119)
824:
821:
815:
812:
808:(d. 505/1111)
806:
803:
799:(d. 502/1108)
797:
794:
793:
785:
784:
775:(d. 478/1085)
773:
770:
766:(d. 476/1083)
764:
761:
757:(d. 474/1081)
755:
752:
748:(d. 465/1072)
746:
743:
739:(d. 463/1071)
737:
734:
730:(d. 458/1066)
728:
725:
721:(d. 450/1058)
719:
716:
712:(d. 434/1043)
710:
707:
701:
698:
694:(d. 429/1037)
692:
689:
685:(d. 418/1027)
683:
680:
676:(d. 406/1015)
674:
671:
667:(d. 403/1013)
665:
662:
661:
653:
652:
641:
638:
632:
629:
628:
624:3rd AH/9th AD
620:
619:
613:
607:
606:
600:
597:
595:
592:
590:
587:
585:
582:
581:
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510:
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502:
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463:
459:
458:jurisprudence
455:
451:
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427:
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415:
411:
407:
403:
395:
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348:
344:
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324:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
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279:Muslim leader
277:
274:
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263:
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169:Jurisprudence
167:
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147:
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137:
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122:Ghurid Empire
119:
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109:
105:
104:Seljuk Empire
101:
95:
91:
87:
82:
76:
73:
66:
63:
59:
52:
47:
40:
36:
31:
26:
22:
9808:Cosmologists
9609:Rabia Balkhi
9492:
9275:Philosophers
9256:Omar Khayyam
9007:Other orders
8912: /
8905:Nur movement
8876: /
8833:Mirza Ghulam
8764:Tolu-e-Islam
8633:Galibi Order
8631: /
8616:Balım Sultan
8611:Babai revolt
8602:Qalandariyya
8600: /
8502:Mufaḍḍaliyya
8411:Jawārībīyya
8364:Umar ibn Zar
8333:Other Murjīs
8062:Bayhasīyyah
7979:Nuqta-yi Ula
7795:Pir Sadardin
7788: /
7702: /
7698: /
7615: /
7607: /
7594: /
7574: /
7570: /
7566: /
7423:Zayd ibn Ali
7373: /
7360: /
7311:Ilm al-Kalam
7224: /
7217:Ahl-i Hadith
7085:Umm al-kitab
7083:
7072:
7061:
7054:
7036:
7031:
7024:
7017:
7010:
7003:
6983:
6976:
6971:Fihi Ma Fihi
6969:
6962:
6955:
6948:
6941:
6934:
6927:
6920:
6913:
6906:
6899:
6639:Twelve Imams
6558:Ahl-i Hadith
6489:Ibnul Qayyim
6369:(Nazzāmīyya)
5864:
5850:Ibn al-Jawzi
5790:Al-Taftazani
5765:Al-Baqillani
5356:(d. 1382 AH)
5350:(d. 1354 AH)
5344:(d. 1350 AH)
5338:(d. 1300 AH)
5217:Ibn al-Jawzi
5188:Ali al-Jifri
5179:(d. 1434 AH)
5173:(d. 1432 AH)
5167:(d. 1432 AH)
5161:(d. 1379 AH)
5155:(d. 1304 AH)
5149:(d. 1230 AH)
5143:(d. 1132 AH)
5137:(d. 1031 AH)
4979:Ibn al-Salah
4972:
4826:(d. 1425 AH)
4820:(d. 1419 AH)
4814:(d. 1397 AH)
4808:(d. 1393 AH)
4802:(d. 1380 AH)
4796:(d. 1299 AH)
4790:(d. 1276 AH)
4784:(d. 1230 AH)
4778:(d. 1230 AH)
4772:(d. 1224 AH)
4766:(d. 1208 AH)
4760:(d. 1201 AH)
4754:(d. 1122 AH)
4748:(d. 1102 AH)
4742:(d. 1090 AH)
4736:(d. 1072 AH)
4730:(d. 1041 AH)
4724:(d. 1041 AH)
4718:(d. 1036 AH)
4692:Ahmad Zarruq
4644:Ibn Adjurrum
4590:Ibn Barrajan
4554:Al-Baqillani
4390:Ali al-Jifri
4008:(d. 1315/16)
3919:Ibn al-Salah
3900:
3850:(d. 1123/26)
3742:Al-Daraqutni
3657:(791/92–878)
3626:by century (
3539:
3530:
3518:
3484:
3472:
3441:
3424:
3407:
3398:
3378:
3374:
3362:
3343:
3321:
3290:Bibliography
3262:. Retrieved
3258:
3247:
3227:
3220:
3198:
3192:
3172:
3165:
3145:
3138:
3118:
3111:
3100:. Retrieved
3096:
3087:
3076:
3056:
3043:
3036:Masarwa 2021
3027:
3007:
2969:
2963:
2937:
2930:. Retrieved
2926:
2903:, retrieved
2899:
2895:
2861:, retrieved
2851:
2826:"Philosophy"
2820:
2810:
2805:
2797:
2792:
2784:
2781:the original
2772:
2763:
2749:Ovamir Anjum
2744:
2719:
2715:
2691:. Retrieved
2676:
2669:
2649:
2642:
2585:
2580:
2574:
2570:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2550:
2546:
2540:
2536:
2527:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2505:
2493:
2489:
2483:
2479:
2473:
2469:
2463:
2459:
2453:
2449:
2443:
2439:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2417:
2413:
2400:Ibn Khuzayma
2395:
2389:
2379:
2376:Qadi Baydawi
2373:
2363:
2359:
2353:
2347:
2343:
2337:
2319:
2291:Aristotelian
2288:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2240:
2236:
2207:
2201:
2191:
2188:dialectician
2181:
2167:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2137:
2135:
2124:
2107:
2087:
2062:
2056:
2054:(died 644).
1976:
1974:
1774:Institutions
1758:
1751:
1743:
1736:
1728:
1721:
1713:
1705:
1698:
1690:
1683:
1676:
1668:
1660:
1652:
1644:
1636:
1578:Nuh al-Qudah
1212:Ahmad Zarruq
1088:Al-Taftazani
992:Ibn al-Nafis
937:Ibn al-Hajib
919:Ibn al-Athir
909:
664:Al-Baqillani
643:(d. 371/982)
634:(d. 324/936)
561:
524:
520:
516:
512:
486:
474:Aristotelian
401:
389:
377:
376:
367:Sa'id Foudah
256:
250:
159:Denomination
34:
9833:1209 deaths
9828:1150 births
9773:Sunni imams
9687:Gawhar Shad
9533:Zamakhshari
9513:Shaykh Tusi
9428:Ibn Mubarak
9317:Shahrastani
8958:Rashid Rida
8806:Independent
8791:Edip Yüksel
8754:Ahle Qur'an
8705:Nazzāmīyya
8702:Ikhshīdiyya
8689:Huzaylīyya
8680:Bahshamiyya
8656:Mā’marīyya
8648:Rationalism
8598:Malamatiyya
8518:Mānsūrīyya
8464:Khaṭṭābiyya
8395:Mu'shabbiha
8355:Sābit Kutna
8288:Sawbānīyya
8272:Gassānīyya
8256:Gaylānīyya
8250:Other sects
8045:Sa'labīyyah
8042:Maymunīyyah
8019:Arbitration
7901:Khurramites
7865:Sam‘ānīyya
7638:Bābā Rexheb
7568:Shah Ismail
7388:Millî Görüş
7306:Ahl ar-Ra'y
7248:Al-Uthaymin
7169:Kullabiyya
7147:Sunni Islam
7048:Independent
6892:Sunni books
6716:Shaykh Tusi
6689:Ali al-Hadi
6679:Ali al-Rida
6616:Yasir Qadhi
6521:Al-Uthaymin
6511:Rashid Rida
6506:Al-Shawkani
6402:(Jāhizīyya)
6387:(Jubbāīyya)
6291:Jawālikīyya
6145:Ali al-Qari
6060:Al-Sarakhsi
6046:Al-Maturidi
5920:Al-Sha'rani
5900:Ibn Khaldun
5775:Al-Qushayri
5737:Theologians
5718:Metaphysics
5624:Eschatology
5591:Theologians
5463:Ahl al-Ra'y
5332:(d. 741 AH)
5326:(d. 658 AH)
5320:(d. 635 AH)
5314:(d. 635 AH)
5308:(d. 615 AH)
5302:(d. 589 AH)
5296:(d. 558 AH)
5290:(d. 500 AH)
5284:(d. 485 AH)
5250:(d. 745 AH)
5244:(d. 592 AH)
5238:(d. 524 AH)
5219:(d. 534 AH)
5213:(d. 508 AH)
5131:(d. 977 AH)
5125:(d. 974 AH)
5119:(d. 973 AH)
5117:Al-Sha'rani
5113:(d. 926 AH)
5107:(d. 923 AH)
5101:(d. 918 AH)
5095:(d. 911 AH)
5089:(d. 911 AH)
5083:(d. 902 AH)
5077:(d. 852 AH)
5071:(d. 845 AH)
5065:(d. 833 AH)
5059:(d. 807 AH)
5053:(d. 806 AH)
5047:(d. 794 AH)
5045:Al-Zarkashi
5041:(d. 786 AH)
5035:(d. 771 AH)
5029:(d. 764 AH)
5023:(d. 756 AH)
5017:(d. 742 AH)
5011:(d. 728 AH)
5005:(d. 702 AH)
4999:(d. 685 AH)
4993:(d. 676 AH)
4987:(d. 660 AH)
4981:(d. 643 AH)
4975:(d. 606 AH)
4969:(d. 578 AH)
4963:(d. 571 AH)
4961:Ibn 'Asakir
4957:(d. 548 AH)
4951:(d. 516 AH)
4945:(d. 505 AH)
4939:(d. 502 AH)
4933:(d. 478 AH)
4927:(d. 471 AH)
4921:(d. 476 AH)
4915:(d. 465 AH)
4913:Al-Qushayri
4909:(d. 463 AH)
4903:(d. 458 AH)
4897:(d. 430 AH)
4891:(d. 429 AH)
4885:(d. 427 AH)
4883:Al-Tha'labi
4879:(d. 418 AH)
4873:(d. 406 AH)
4867:(d. 405 AH)
4861:(d. 371 AH)
4855:(d. 354 AH)
4835:Hamza Yusuf
4712:(d. 954 AH)
4706:(d. 953 AH)
4700:(d. 914 AH)
4694:(d. 899 AH)
4688:(d. 876 AH)
4682:(d. 808 AH)
4680:Ibn Khaldun
4676:(d. 803 AH)
4670:(d. 790 AH)
4664:(d. 776 AH)
4658:(d. 741 AH)
4652:(d. 737 AH)
4646:(d. 723 AH)
4640:(d. 709 AH)
4634:(d. 702 AH)
4628:(d. 684 AH)
4622:(d. 672 AH)
4616:(d. 628 AH)
4610:(d. 581 AH)
4604:(d. 544 AH)
4598:(d. 543 AH)
4592:(d. 536 AH)
4586:(d. 536 AH)
4580:(d. 520 AH)
4574:(d. 474 AH)
4568:(d. 458 AH)
4562:(d. 430 AH)
4556:(d. 403 AH)
4550:(d. 386 AH)
4360:Zaid Shakir
4320:(1950–2022)
4314:(1935–2022)
4308:(1944–2017)
4302:(1937–2016)
4296:(1935–2016)
4290:(1932–2015)
4273:(1906–2008)
4267:(1915–2004)
4261:(1908–2002)
4255:(1908–1981)
4249:(1877–1960)
4243:(1879–1952)
4237:(1849–1932)
4220:(1860–1916)
4214:(1847–1909)
4208:(1828–1904)
4206:Shaykh Sufi
4202:(1816–1886)
4196:(1820–1882)
4190:(1784–1860)
4173:(1634–1720)
4150:(1503–1566)
4142:Al-Sha`rani
4127:(1466–1533)
4121:(1420–1520)
4115:(1448–1517)
4109:(1445–1505)
4103:(1428–1497)
4091:(1372–1449)
4074:(1350–1429)
4062:(1335–1404)
4056:(1325–1403)
4050:(1344–1392)
4044:(1322–1390)
4032:(1327–1370)
4026:(1302–1367)
4020:(1284–1355)
4014:(1274–1348)
3986:(1256–1341)
3968:(1228–1302)
3962:(1211–1282)
3956:(1230–1277)
3950:(1200–1276)
3921:(1181–1245)
3915:(1187–1244)
3909:(1156–1233)
3903:(1150–1209)
3897:(1154–1191)
3891:(1119–1183)
3885:(1079–1180)
3877:Ibn `Asakir
3873:(1086–1153)
3867:(1058–1111)
3838:(1028–1085)
3830:Al-Qushayri
3826:(1002–1071)
3806:Al-Tha'labi
3790:Al-Lalika'i
3786:(1003–1083)
3726:Fakr ad-Din
3462:physiognomy
3302:Bearman, P.
3016:Cannon 1998
2324:outer space
2247:al-mumkinat
2158:rationalism
2103:Afghanistan
2063:magnum opus
1279:Al-Sha'rani
1157:Ibn Khaldun
877:Ibn 'Asakir
745:Al-Qushayri
594:Ahl al-Ra'y
584:Sunni Islam
497:Afghanistan
482:outer space
9742:Categories
9564:Asadi Tusi
9458:Marghinani
9423:Ibn Hibban
9343:Abu Hanifa
9221:Ibn Hayyan
9196:Ali Qushji
9191:Alfraganus
9159:Scientists
9150:People of
9002:Süleymancı
8910:Said Nursî
8869:Mahdavīyya
8820:Messianism
8724:Sumamīyya
8714:Hābītīyya
8607:Baba Ishak
8549:Saba'īyya
8536:Mukhāmmīsa
8527:Mughīrīyya
8514:Ghurābīyya
8476:Bāzīghiyya
8444:Bārāq Bābā
8423:Hulmānīyya
8320:Ziyādīyya
8312:Ubaydīyya
8304:Shamrīyya
8296:Sālehīyya
8280:Tūmanīyya
8264:Yūnusīyya
8225:Sauwāqīyya
8201:Hakāiqīyya
8185:Karrāmīyya
8175:Hanafiyyah
8029:Kharijites
7967:Nuktawiyya
7918:al-Muqanna
7896:Muḥammirah
7884:Abu Muslim
7880:Rezāmīyya
7855:Hārithīyya
7847:Janāhiyya
7837:Hashimiyya
7811:Kaysanites
7758:Badakhshan
7691:Qarmatians
7678:Batiniyyah
7658:Isma'ilism
7629:Demir Bābā
7624:Baktāshism
7617:Bektashism
7596:ibn Nusayr
7592:al-Khaṣībī
7576:Kul Nesîmî
7572:Pir Sultan
7477:Khalafiyya
7472:Dukayniyya
7406:Shia Islam
7348:Maturidism
7270:Madkhalism
7173:Ibn Kullab
6996:Shia books
6546:Madkhalism
6446:Najjārīyya
6336:al-Qībtī (
6310:Karramiyya
6306:Ibn Karram
6262:Mu'jassimā
6150:Al-Maydani
6140:Ali Qushji
6065:Al-Bazdawi
6041:Maturidism
6026:Al-Shafi'i
5895:Al-Baydawi
5855:Qadi Ayyad
5830:Ibn Tumart
5785:Al-Ghazali
5770:Al-Juwayni
5760:Al-Bayhaqi
5751:al-Ash'ari
5723:Philosophy
5644:Philosophy
5236:Ibn Tumart
5081:Al-Sakhawi
5069:Al-Maqrizi
4997:Al-Baydawi
4949:Al-Baghawi
4943:Al-Ghazali
4931:Al-Juwayni
4901:Al-Bayhaqi
4859:Ibn Khafif
4853:Ibn Hibban
4740:Ibn 'Ashir
4704:Al-Akhdari
4674:Ibn 'Arafa
4656:Ibn Juzayy
4608:Al-Suhayli
4247:Said Nursî
4101:Al-Sakhawi
4095:Al-Mahalli
4066:Ibn Nuhaas
4036:Ibn Kathir
4012:Al-Dhahabi
3972:Al-Baydawi
3865:Al-Ghazali
3842:Al-Baghawi
3836:Al-Juwayni
3832:(986–1072)
3820:(994–1066)
3818:Al-Bayhaqi
3814:(972–1058)
3812:Al-Mawardi
3768:(935–1025)
3756:(933–1014)
3672:Al-Humaydi
3649:Al-Shafi'i
3264:2024-05-09
3156:9004106928
3129:9004124802
3102:2023-07-09
2905:2024-03-26
2863:2010-03-07
2757:1107014069
2693:2017-12-02
2634:References
2406:, and the
2404:Karramites
2306:school of
2295:Avicennian
2267:al-samawat
2263:al-kursiyy
2216:multiverse
2118:Karrāmīyah
2079:al-Ghazali
2048:Ibn ʿUnayn
2017:Tabaristan
1692:Al-Iqtisad
1321:Ibn 'Ashir
1236:Al-Sakhawi
1121:Ibn 'Arafa
1043:Ibn Juzayy
983:Al-Baydawi
956:Al-Qurtubi
805:Al-Ghazali
772:Al-Juwayni
727:Al-Bayhaqi
718:Al-Mawardi
640:Ibn Khafif
589:Al-Ash'ari
575:Background
568:Ibn Tumart
509:al-Ghazali
462:multiverse
450:philosophy
438:literature
329:Influenced
313:al-Ghazali
309:al-Juwayni
293:Al-Shafi'i
265:Occupation
9518:Taftazani
9503:Sajawandi
9312:Sijistani
9241:Khwarizmi
8930:Modernism
8862:Sabbatean
8850:Kabbalist
8828:Ahmadiyya
8759:Kala Kato
8732:Kā‘bīyya
8663:Bishriyya
8643:Muʿtazila
8576:al-Juhani
8569:Qadariyah
8439:Kalandars
8419:Hāshwīyya
8307:Abū Shamr
8240:Zarībīyya
8237:Wāhidīyya
8228:Sūramīyya
8222:Razīnīyya
8198:Dhīmmīyya
8167:Hasan ibn
8141:Wahbiyyah
8088:Abu Qurra
8014:Muhakkima
7958:Hurufiyya
7945:Mahdiists
7860:Riyāhīyya
7841:Hārbīyya
7782:Aga Khans
7777:Assassins
7740:Sulaymani
7704:ad-Darazi
7642:Hārābātīs
7559:Qizilbash
7552:Shaykhism
7428:Jarudiyya
7339:Al-Ahbash
7320:Ash'arism
7253:Al-Albani
7233:Wahhabism
7078:Ahmadiyya
7019:Al-Khisal
6929:Al-Irshad
6884:Key books
6531:Al-Albani
6499:Wahhabism
6353:Mu'tazila
6342:Qadariyah
6220:Mu'attila
6135:Ibn Kemal
6130:Khidr Bey
6010:Hanafiyah
5945:Al-Bahūtī
5940:Ibn Ashir
5905:Ibn Arafa
5800:Ibn Furak
5795:Al-Maziri
5746:Ash'arism
5713:Cosmology
5690:Cosmology
5685:Astronomy
5657:Education
5483:Al-Ahbash
5419:Al-Irshad
5242:Ibn Mada'
5211:Ibn 'Aqil
5183:Ali Gomaa
5135:Al-Munawi
5087:Al-Suyuti
5027:Al-Safadi
4991:Al-Nawawi
4871:Ibn Furak
4710:Al-Hattab
4620:Ibn Malik
4584:Al-Maziri
4566:Ibn Sidah
4404:(b. 1982)
4398:(b. 1976)
4392:(b. 1971)
4386:(b. 1970)
4380:(b. 1964)
4374:(b. 1963)
4368:(b. 1960)
4362:(b. 1956)
4356:(b. 1954)
4350:(b. 1952)
4348:Ali Gomaa
4344:(b. 1945)
4338:(b. 1942)
4332:(b. 1931)
4326:(b. 1931)
4281:15th/21st
4228:14th/20th
4181:13th/19th
4164:11th/17th
4156:(d. 1570)
4135:10th/16th
4107:Al-Suyuti
4097:(d. 1460)
4068:(d. 1411)
4042:Taftazani
4038:(d. 1373)
3974:(d. 1319)
3954:Al-Nawawi
3944:(d. 1262)
3938:(d. 1258)
3844:(d. 1122)
3808:(d. 1035)
3780:(d. 1038)
3778:Abu Nuaym
3774:(d. 1037)
3762:(d. 1015)
3760:Ibn Furak
3744:(918–995)
3722:(874–936)
3716:(855–930)
3710:(837–923)
3698:(824–887)
3696:Ibn Majah
3686:(810–870)
3680:(781–857)
3655:Al-Muzani
3450:cite book
3149:. BRILL.
3122:. BRILL.
2974:Routledge
2939:world..."
2932:3 October
2858:Routledge
2736:1465-3591
2368:The Quran
2178:Muʿtazila
2110:mysticism
2101:(eastern
1902:Deobandis
1897:Al-Ahbash
1875:Maturidis
1685:Al-Irshad
1439:Ibn Kiran
1252:Al-Suyuti
965:Al-Nawawi
841:Al-Mazari
823:Ibn 'Aqil
673:Ibn Furak
548:Ash'arism
531:Biography
489:Ray, Iran
434:cosmology
430:astronomy
422:chemistry
410:scientist
363:Al-Suyuti
355:Al-Safadi
301:Ibn Furak
273:scientist
229:Chemistry
221:Cosmology
217:Astronomy
9763:Mujaddid
9753:Shafi'is
9589:Ferdowsi
9528:Tirmidhi
9508:Sarakhsi
9488:Qushayri
9463:Maturidi
9408:Ghaznawi
9292:Avicenna
9236:Khojandi
9206:Birjandi
9201:Avicenna
9176:Abu Wafa
9152:Khorasan
9047:Tawakkul
9014:Tawassul
8976:Taṣawwuf
8898:doctrine
8746:Quranism
8540:Namiriya
8169:Muḥāmmad
8162:Murji'ah
7876:Rawendis
7799:Satpanth
7720:Musta'li
7715:Fatimids
7613:Hurufism
7600:Alawites
7505:Sects in
7497:Mahdiist
7433:Batriyya
7379:Deobandi
7330:Shafi'is
7265:Jihadism
7212:Salafism
7180:Hanbalis
7161:Atharism
7074:Malfūzāt
7012:Al-Amali
6609:Hazimism
6321:Murji'ah
6245:Jahmīyya
6233:Mu'jbira
5825:Ibn Aqil
5502:Maturidi
5442:See also
5312:Al-Kamil
5203:Hanbalis
5177:Al-Bouti
4845:Shafi'is
4510:Category
4082:9th/15th
3999:8th/14th
3929:7th/13th
3858:6th/12th
3799:5th/11th
3750:(d. 996)
3735:4th/10th
3704:(d. 915)
3702:Al-Nasai
3692:(d. 875)
3674:(d. 834)
3576:Archived
3564:Archived
3517:(eds.).
3471:(2006).
3444:. Paris.
3423:(eds.).
3397:(2021).
3320:(eds.).
3273:cite web
2722:(1): 1.
2592:See also
2567: )
2530:Ibn Sina
2316:universe
2279:al-qamar
2275:al-shams
2228:universe
2183:Falsafah
2075:Maragheh
2044:Muhammad
2029:Abu Bakr
1937:Category
1907:Barelvis
1678:Al-Insaf
540:a series
538:Part of
501:Avicenna
478:universe
472:and the
446:ontology
442:theology
418:medicine
406:polymath
305:Ibn Sina
237:Medicine
225:Ontology
201:Rhetoric
129:Religion
84:Personal
9748:Asharis
9662:Gardizi
9599:Kashifi
9473:Muqatil
9453:Lamishi
9448:Kashifi
9438:Juwayni
9403:Ghazali
9388:Bukhari
9383:Bazdawi
9378:Bayhaqi
9373:Baghavi
9282:Algazel
9231:Khazini
9096:Shafi'i
9086:Hanbali
9052:Tewafuq
9032:Sadaqah
8993:Barelvi
8984:Ṭarīqah
8838:Qadiani
8811:beliefs
8586:Alevism
8433:Dimashq
8219:Nūnīyya
8213:Maʿīyya
8173:ibn al-
8148:Azzabas
8109:Ibadism
8097:Nukkari
8051:Azariqa
8036:Ajardi
7983:Bábīyya
7889:Sunpadh
7821:Mukhtār
7786:Nizaris
7761:Alevism
7735:Dawoodi
7725:Tayyibi
7687:Sevener
7666:Fathite
7540:Akhbari
7535:Ja'fari
7522:Twelver
7501:Shi'ite
7438:Imamate
7415:Zaydism
7366:Barelvi
7353:Hanafis
7325:Malikis
7294:Maqrizi
7243:Ibn Baz
7202:Zahiris
6964:Masnavi
6516:Ibn Baz
6330:Dimashq
6030:Shafi‘i
5960:'Illish
5695:Physics
5677:Science
5522:Shafi'i
5300:Saladin
5228:Zahiris
4540:Malikis
4427:Hanbali
3684:Bukhari
3665:3rd/9th
3642:2nd/8th
3064::
2320:Matalib
2304:Ash'ari
2300:atomism
2259:al-arsh
2220:Quranic
2174:Ash'ari
2095:alchemy
2083:Ash'ari
2040:Quraysh
2021:Caspian
1869:Classic
454:history
426:physics
394:Persian
269:Scholar
241:Anatomy
233:Physics
183:Ash'ari
173:Shafi'i
9624:Sanā'ī
9614:Rudaki
9579:Daqiqi
9574:Behzad
9554:Anvari
9498:Sabuni
9483:Nasa'i
9478:Muslim
9443:Kasani
9393:Dabusi
9368:Ansari
9297:Farabi
9246:Nasawi
9211:Biruni
9101:Zahiri
9091:Maliki
9081:Hanafi
9057:Thawab
9037:Sunnah
8962:Other
8918:Hizmet
8882:Zikris
8853:Dönmes
8843:Lahori
8809:Muslim
8629:Rifa`i
8574:Ma'bad
8456:Tajsīm
8404:Tamsīl
8131:Ifrani
8071:Najdat
7974:Shayki
7943:Other
7911:Mazyar
7790:Khojas
7768:Nizari
7747:Hafizi
7708:Druzes
7689:
7633:Alians
7587:Ghulat
7067:Alawis
6334:Nabati
6299:Abdals
6281:Juzjan
6020:Maliki
5705:Sufism
5629:Ethics
5616:Aqidah
5608:Fields
5587:Fields
5515:Maliki
5508:Hanafi
5478:Sufism
5473:Tawhid
5370:Mamluk
4437:Zahiri
4432:Maliki
4422:Hanafi
3499:
3350:
3235:
3209:
3180:
3153:
3126:
2980:
2755:
2734:
2684:
2657:
2402:, the
2328:vacuum
2271:al-ard
2232:cosmos
2224:worlds
2099:Ghazni
1997:Tehran
1981:Arabic
1891:Modern
1840:Events
519:) and
382:Arabic
193:Tafsir
153:Persia
149:Region
72:Sultan
9287:Amiri
9266:Sijzi
9042:Taqwa
8431:ī ad-
8429:Fāris
8083:Sufri
7906:Babak
7730:Alavi
7696:Hamza
7654:Imami
7545:Usuli
7518:Imami
7509:Islam
7493:Imami
7275:Sahwa
6338:Murjī
6332:ī an-
6283:ī al-
6274:Balkh
5998:Sunni
5995:Early
5667:Peace
5662:Logic
5634:Kalam
5595:Books
5468:Kalam
5324:Qutuz
3300:. In
3020:Taimi
2892:(PDF)
2251:qadir
2170:Kalam
2114:Herat
2090:Quran
2067:kalam
2013:Mecca
2003:nisba
1991:) in
1880:Sufis
599:Kalam
493:Herat
466:Quran
388:) or
213:Logic
205:Kalam
179:Creed
163:Sunni
133:Islam
118:Herat
61:Title
9677:Aufi
9619:Rumi
9594:Jami
9493:Razi
7813:Shia
6210:Rumi
5652:‘Aql
3497:ISBN
3456:link
3348:ISBN
3279:link
3233:ISBN
3207:ISBN
3178:ISBN
3151:ISBN
3124:ISBN
2978:ISBN
2934:2020
2753:ISBN
2732:ISSN
2682:ISBN
2655:ISBN
2312:void
2293:and
2180:and
2073:and
2071:Merv
2025:Iran
507:and
456:and
271:and
111:Died
89:Born
25:Razi
8896:'s
8129:al-
8095:al-
7087:of
7076:of
7065:of
6644:Ali
6296:Rum
6285:Kūf
6272:al-
3489:doi
3429:doi
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2724:doi
2230:or
2065:in
1993:Ray
566:by
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9744::
9000:–
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8618:–
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