375:'s American license in 1912, Fairbanks Morse (FM) entered the large engine business. The company's larger Model Y semi-diesel became a standard workhorse, and sugar, rice, timber, and mine mills used the engine. The model Y was available in sizes from one through six cylinders, or 10 to 200 horsepower (150 kW). The Y-VA engine was the first high-compression, cold-start, full diesel developed by Fairbanks Morse without the acquisition of any foreign patent. This machine was developed in Beloit and introduced in 1924. The company expanded its line to the marine CO engine (Many 100 H.P. CO marine engines were used in the Philippine Islands to power ferry boats) as well as the mill model E, a modernized Y diesel. From this, Fairbanks-Morse became a major engine manufacturer and developed plants for
568:
267:, from which he expanded the company's territory of operation and widened its product line. As part of this expansion, Morse brought Wheeler and his Eclipse Windmill pumps into business with the Fairbanks company. Morse later became a partner in the Fairbanks Company and by the end of the nineteenth century, it was known as Fairbanks Morse & Company and was headquartered in Chicago. Canadian and American cities had branch dealerships, with Fairbanks first coming to
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280:
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and larger H.P. engines could now run on
Kerosene. In 1928 The "Z" style "D" was introduced, and was entirely enclosed. The Z was made in incremental sizes of 3, 6, 12, 15 and up to 20 horsepower (15 kW). Over a half million units were produced in the following 30 years. In the early 1980s the line was sold off to Bell. The model Z found favor with farmers, and is a collectable today.
400:
579:
Shortly after it won its first U.S. Navy contract, the company introduced its 5 inches (13 cm) bore by 6 inches (15 cm) stroke opposed piston diesel to the rail industry, installing the engine in various self-propelled railcars. This engine proved unreliable, and was superseded by a larger
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for its outsourced assembly location, in late 1945. The early locomotives soon proved unreliable, as high-stress railroad service exposed weaknesses in the engine that had not been seen in less demanding marine applications. In 1947, F-M reorganized its locomotive division, hiring new managers and
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1.5 horsepower (1.1 kW) Model to "Z" in July 1914, according to engine historian C.H. Wendel. On all "Z" engines the gasoline tank is located in the base. In 1917, they expanded the line to include more sizes. In 1918, they stopped making headless models and adapted the 1.5 H.P. to have a head,
672:
An inter-family feud for control of the company in 1956 between the sons of
Charles Morse weakened the company. Consequently, Fairbanks-Morse was merged with Penn-Western in 1958. The downhill slide continued for the next few decades, with assets being sold off, and branches of the company closed.
654:
Export offices were established in Rio de
Janeiro and Buenos Aires; a factory was opened in Mexico, where model Z engines were built well into the 1980s. An Australian branch factory, similar to the Canadian Branch operation, was opened; remote sheep stations benefited from their products. It dated
668:
The company sold and updated the
Eclipse model of windmill pumps in North America until they became obsolete with widespread rural electrification in the 1940s. Low-cost electricity from the grid eliminated the need for local power production by small and medium diesel plants. While many Fairbanks
726:
to reduce emissions and fuel consumption of
Fairbanks Morse proprietary and dual-fuel opposed-piston engines. The opposed-piston (OP) diesel engine once made by Fairbanks-Morse is still (August 2019) manufactured. Also, Fairbanks-Morse still (November 2021) manufactures large four-stroke diesel
681:
Fairbanks Morse and
Company merged with Penn-Texas Corporation in 1958 to form Fairbanks Whitney Corporation. Fairbanks Whitney was reorganized as Colt Industries in 1964, taking the name from Colt Manufacturing, the maker of firearms and an asset of Penn-Texas. In 1988, the Fairbanks Morse Pump
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Fairbanks Morse continued to build diesel and gas engines, as it had been doing for the first half of the twentieth century. This is in addition to the pump and engine division, which produced
Canadian Fairbanks Morse-branded products for farms, factories and mines.
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Regional sales offices were closed, and the one-shop model no longer appealed to buyers in the new consumer age. Automakers, tractor makers, and locomotive builders made inroads into
Fairbanks-Morse's market share. Thus the company spiraled down, and was sold.
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wasn't getting wind. The
Fairbanks Morse gas engine became a success with farmers. Electricity generation and oilfield work also used these engines. Small lighting plants built by the company were also popular. Fairbanks Morse power plants evolved by burning
595:(WPB) denied it permission, citing the national interest of F-M's production of submarine engines and a locomotive market supplied by existing manufacturers. In 1943, the WPB approved F-M's plans to sell locomotives, and it introduced the 1,000 hp switcher
303:, pumps, tractors, and a variety of warehouse and bulk shipping tools. The company became an industrial supplier distributing complete "turn-key" systems: tools, plumbing, gauges, gaskets, parts, valves, and pipe. Its 1910 catalog contained over 800 pages.
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proved unworkable, they were replaced with World War II-style
Fairbanks-Morse engines, and these remained standard on US diesel-powered submarines through the early 1960s. These and other Fairbanks-Morse OP engines were also used as backup power on US
704:
As a result, there are now three companies using either the Fairbanks or Fairbanks Morse trademarks, with lineage to the original Fairbanks Morse and Company. Fairbanks Scale and Fairbanks Morse Pump claim lineage back to E & T Fairbanks Company.
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Wayne appreciates that in his youthful exuberance he may have gotten a few facts wrong, chiefly the introduction of the Z series, which he dated to September 1916: It's believed to have been introduced two years earlier, in July
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There are three separate corporate entities that could be considered successors to the company, none of which is a complete and direct descendant of the original company. All claim the heritage of Fairbanks Morse and Company:
439:, a large order of 60 30 H.P. CO marine engines were installed in British decoy fishing ships to lure German submarines within range of their 6" naval guns. In 1939 Fairbanks-Morse developed a marine engine using an unusual
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business by acquiring the Audiola Radio Co. After a 1939 factory fire FM decided to exit the radio business. Fairbanks-Morse radios are well known for their colorfulness. The company also had brief forays into building
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dressing business for which he built the machinery. Though unsuccessful in fabricating for fiber factories, another of Morse's inventions, the platform scale, formed the basis for the later company. It was
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engines in the 1890s with the purchase of the Charter line of engines (the first commercially available gas engine). They had the idea that an engine could be used as backup power for when one of their
627:, and the Consolidated Line fared particularly poorly as cab units fell out of favor on American railroads. In 1951 F-M began designing a new large locomotive, and in 1953 it introduced the 2,400 hp
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451:, ranging from 4 to 12 cylinders. This engine was delivered to the U.S. Navy in large numbers, often for use in fleet submarines, which used 9- or 10-cylinder versions as main engines in
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as part of an acquisition of General Signal Pump Group in 1997. In 1988, the scale business was sold off by Colt Industries and became Fairbanks Scales, still an independent company.
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In 1958, F-M built its last locomotive for the American market, followed in 1963 by its final delivery to a Mexican customer. In total, it sold 1,460 diesel locomotives.
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and began developing plans for a 1,000 hp switcher and a 2,000 hp multipurpose locomotive. While the company was ready to begin production of the units in 1940, the
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Morse engines dutifully served into the late twentieth century, they could not compete with modernization, regional plant closures, and electricity.
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from 1902, when Cooper Sheep Shearing Machinery Ltd was set up in Sydney, and became an agent for Fairbanks Morse in that hemisphere.
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5-cylinder 8 inches (20 cm) bore by 10 inches (25 cm) stroke engine that produced 800 hp and was installed in the
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has had Fairbanks-Morse diesels in operation on its submarines almost continuously since 1938. They remain in service on
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In 1935, F-M launched a long-term plan to build locomotives in-house. It hired electrical engineer John K. Stotz from
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EnPro was then the parent company of Fairbanks Morse Engine until January 21, 2020, when Fairbanks Morse was sold to
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was an American manufacturing company in the late 19th and early 20th century. Founded in 1823 as a manufacturer of
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division was sold off to private investors to become Fairbanks Morse Pump. It was subsequently purchased by
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to make the FM | ALCO line. In October 2013, FM signed a joint development and licensing agreement with
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E. & T. Fairbanks & Company Factory, Sleepers River, Saint Johnsbury, Caledonia County, VT
1239:
Zoia, David (January 2, 2014) “Achates Finding Traction with Opposed-Piston Engine”, WardsAuto.com
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639:: the H12-44TS ("TS" for "Terminal Switcher"). They remained in service until the early 1970s.
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of the 1990s. Fairbanks-Morse ranked 60th among United States corporations in the value of
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ordered three specialized units, based on the H12-44, for terminal switching in Chicago's
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1410:", 15 photos, 2 measured drawings, 2 data pages, 1 photo caption page
631:, then the highest-powered locomotive available. It also proved unpopular. In 1956, the
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engines such as the FM 48/60 CR series, which ranges from 7,200 to 19,200 kWm in output.
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243:, former missionary Leonard Wheeler designed a durable windmill for pumping water, the
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236:. Fairbanks scales won 63 medals over the years in international competition.
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In 1990, Colt Industries sold its firearms business to C.F. Holdings Corp as
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Power in the Past, Vol. 2; A History of Fairbanks-Morse and Co. (reprint)
1223:"Fairbanks-Morse H12-44TS locomotive: A special diesel for a special job"
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in 1924. The Model N was popular in stationary industrial applications.
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In 1947, F-M introduced two new road switcher models, the 1,500 hp
447:. The most common variant for submarines through the 1990s was the
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843:"Fairbanks, Morse & Co.; Chicago manufacturer in USA, Model T"
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has dropped the Morse from the name as most scales made by FM had.
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Scales, Windmills, Engines, Tractors, Radios, Pumps, Locomotives.
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259:. At about the same time, a Fairbanks & Company employee,
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E. & T. Fairbanks & Company, Two-Story Covered Bridge
1403:", 4 photos, 1 data page, 1 photo caption page
1052:. Tugboat Enthusiasts Society of the Americas. Archived from
551:
Other World War II era models are the 875 hp 5-cylinder
207:, to manufacture two of his patented inventions: a cast iron
888:"Fairbanks Morse Z technical history (not totally accurate)"
785:"Silberstein Sighting Penn-Texas Control Of Fairbanks Morse"
926:
U.S. Submarines Through 1945: An Illustrated Design History
1369:
Fairbanks Morse: 100 Years of Engine Technology (reprint)
287:
In the late nineteenth century, business expanded in the
615:. In late 1949, the company's new cab units, named the
199:
Fairbanks Morse and Company began in 1823 when inventor
817:
599:
in 1944, followed by the 2,000 hp cab unit, dubbed the
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in June 1832, and a generation later, with his brother
2053:
Defunct locomotive manufacturers of the United States
1115:
The Weapons Acquisition Process: An Economic Analysis
271:, Canada, in 1876 and later opening a factory there.
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The Fairbanks Morse Company began producing oil and
84:
Fairbanks Scales, Fairbanks Morse, Fairbanks Nijhuis
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291:, as did the company's catalog. It grew to include
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663:Fairbanks-Morse warehouse, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan
1077:Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1947-1995
604:building a dedicated factory the following year.
153:Fairbanks Scales is a privately owned company in
379:and marine applications. The development of the
2048:Historic American Engineering Record in Vermont
987:. Crescent Books (Random House). 1998. p.
2023:Locomotive manufacturers of the United States
1693:
1429:
1302:. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.
8:
32:
2038:Manufacturing companies established in 1823
1300:Evolution of the American Diesel Locomotive
2043:Electrical generation engine manufacturers
2033:Manufacturing companies based in Wisconsin
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1352:. Kalmbach Publishing Co., Milwaukee, WI.
858:"Timeline of the Fairbanks-Morse Z Engine"
211:and a heating stove. In 1829 he started a
31:
2098:Engine manufacturers of the United States
507:. In addition to OP engines (used in the
445:series of German Junkers aircraft diesels
443:(OP) design, similar in arrangement to a
1380:. Stemgas Publishing Co., Lancaster, PA.
1371:. Stemgas Publishing Co., Lancaster, PA.
1325:"Fairbanks-Morse 38D8 Diesel Locomotive"
1040:
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368:, but output was small in these fields.
171:, that manufactures and services engines
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2093:American companies established in 1823
1547:Fairbanks Morse 38 8-1/8 diesel engine
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755:Fairbanks Morse 38 8-1/8 diesel engine
1537:Canon Ranch Railroad Eclipse Windmill
1140:Photographic History of the U.S. Navy
1021:Photographic History of the U.S. Navy
983:Jane's Fighting Ships of World War II
335:In 1934, Fairbanks-Morse entered the
7:
1397:Historic American Engineering Record
750:List of Fairbanks-Morse locomotives
482:military production contracts. The
125:, it later diversified into pumps,
907:"Fairbanks Morse and Company 1918"
818:"Investing in Critical Industries"
515:), Fairbanks-Morse license builds
41:Fairbanks scales, Eclipse Windmill
25:
1350:The Second Diesel Spotter's Guide
959:The Second Diesel Spotter's Guide
589:Westinghouse Electric Corporation
531:-class amphibious transport docks
455:. When the innovative but faulty
403:Advertisement for 1916 "Z" engine
283:Fairbanks Morse Type T gas engine
2068:Locomotive engine manufacturers
1281:"Fairbanks Morse - FM 48/60 CR"
1251:"Fairbanks Morse - Trident OP™"
1221:Lustig, David (April 1, 2023).
961:. Kalmbach Books. p. 323.
263:, opened a Fairbanks office in
174:Fairbanks Nijhuis is a part of
886:Morse, Fairbanks (July 1981).
431:(on display in San Francisco).
391:Fairbanks-Morse renamed their
33:Fairbanks, Morse & Company
27:American manufacturing company
1:
934:United States Naval Institute
822:Arcline Investment Management
699:Arcline Investment Management
571:Canadian Locomotive Company "
165:Arcline Investment Management
70:Arcline Investment Management
1650:Garlock Sealing Technologies
1640:Colt's Manufacturing Company
1348:Pinkepank, Jerry A. (1973).
691:Colt's Manufacturing Company
457:EMD 16-338 "pancake" engines
119:Fairbanks, Morse and Company
2073:Marine engine manufacturers
2063:Diesel engine manufacturers
1999:List of locomotive builders
2119:
957:Pinkpank, Jerry A (1973).
503:nuclear submarines of the
187:Founding and early history
163:, a subsidiary company of
157:, that manufactures scales
2083:Two-stroke diesel engines
1995:
1624:Fairbanks-Morse Warehouse
1552:Moriarty Eclipse Windmill
1142:. NavSource Naval History
1075:Gardiner, Robert (1995).
1046:"Fairbanks-Morse Company"
1023:. NavSource Naval History
924:Friedman, Norman (1995).
524:-class dock landing ships
247:. Wheeler set up shop in
2058:Gas engine manufacturers
1298:Lamb, J. Parker (2007).
856:Grenning, Wayne (2018).
371:After the expiration of
203:opened an ironworks in
195:Fairbanks-Morse windmill
182:, and manufactures pumps
167:, is a company based in
1406:HAER No. VT-1-A, "
1399:(HAER) No. VT-1, "
1392:Fairbanks Morse website
1329:PSRM Diesel Locomotives
1119:Harvard Business School
760:Fairbanks Morse Defense
646:Post-war power products
161:Fairbanks Morse Defense
2088:Opposed piston engines
1655:GGB Bearing Technology
1255:www.fairbanksmorse.com
695:EnPro Industires, Inc.
665:
576:
432:
423:on the WWII submarine
404:
284:
205:St. Johnsbury, Vermont
196:
76:as of January 21, 2020
1376:Wendel, C.H. (1987).
1367:Wendel, C.H. (1993).
1085:Naval Institute Press
1050:Marine Diesel Engines
892:gasenginemagazine.com
677:Corporate disposition
661:
570:
415:
408:Marine diesel engines
402:
289:Western United States
282:
194:
155:Kansas City, Missouri
74:Enpro Industries Inc.
1588:Charles Hosmer Morse
1461:FM Consolidated line
1112:Scherer, Frederic M.
1056:on February 21, 2013
629:H-24-66 Train Master
593:War Production Board
563:Railroad locomotives
328:in 1913 and to full
261:Charles Hosmer Morse
1335:on October 25, 2014
1081:Annapolis, Maryland
930:Annapolis, Maryland
862:Gas Engine Magazine
326:semi-diesel engines
180:Kansas City, Kansas
133:, coffee grinders,
34:
2078:Pump manufacturers
1583:Franklin Fairbanks
1568:Thaddeus Fairbanks
1261:on August 18, 2018
1249:Morse, Fairbanks.
905:Morse, Fairbanks.
789:The New York Times
709:Modern descendants
666:
584:railcars in 1939.
577:
555:installed in some
469:nuclear submarines
433:
405:
285:
201:Thaddeus Fairbanks
197:
2028:Beloit, Wisconsin
2005:
2004:
1902:Mount Clare Shops
1772:GE Transportation
1675:
1674:
1573:Erastus Fairbanks
1309:978-0-253-34863-0
791:. March 5, 1957.
737:Fairbanks Nijhuis
617:Consolidated Line
611:and the 2,000 hp
381:diesel locomotive
324:in 1905, then to
313:Eclipse windmills
222:Erastus Fairbanks
169:Beloit, Wisconsin
116:
115:
16:(Redirected from
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2103:Fairbanks family
1702:
1695:
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1665:Technetics Group
1645:EnPro Industries
1603:Francis G. Parks
1578:Horace Fairbanks
1542:Eclipse windmill
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1331:. Archived from
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637:Dearborn Station
548:design engines.
449:38D 8-1/8 engine
416:Fairbanks-Morse
275:Market expansion
269:Montreal, Quebec
245:Eclipse windmill
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2018:Fairbanks-Morse
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1852:Fairbanks-Morse
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1708:North American
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1598:Ephraim Paddock
1593:Lambert Packard
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1318:Further reading
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1132:"NavSource USS
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1108:Peck, Merton J.
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1087:. p. 603.
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1013:"NavSource USS
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387:"Z" Engine Line
277:
251:just after the
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123:weighing scales
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50:Saint Johnsbury
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18:Fairbanks Morse
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1386:External links
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522:Whidbey Island
441:opposed piston
429: (SS-383)
421:diesel engines
418:opposed piston
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330:diesel engines
276:
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234:Imperial China
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519:(used in the
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373:Rudolf Diesel
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366:refrigerators
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350:corn shellers
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93:United States
91:
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71:
68:Purchased by
67:
63:
59:
58:United States
55:
51:
48:
44:
40:
36:
30:
19:
1977:Westinghouse
1932:Rhode Island
1907:Mount Savage
1851:
1608:Asa P. Blunt
1481:FM H-12-44TS
1444:
1377:
1368:
1349:
1337:. Retrieved
1333:the original
1328:
1299:
1292:Bibliography
1275:
1263:. Retrieved
1259:the original
1254:
1244:
1235:
1216:
1144:. Retrieved
1139:
1133:
1126:
1114:
1103:
1076:
1070:
1058:. Retrieved
1054:the original
1049:
1025:. Retrieved
1020:
1014:
1007:
998:0517-67963-9
982:
975:
958:
952:
925:
919:
910:
900:
891:
881:
872:
865:. Retrieved
861:
851:
837:
825:. Retrieved
821:
812:
800:. Retrieved
788:
779:
739:makes pumps.
736:
730:
718:merged with
715:
703:
688:
680:
671:
667:
653:
649:
641:
606:
586:
578:
573:Train Master
552:
550:
540:
528:
521:
510:
498:
493:
488:
480:World War II
473:
471:through the
461:
453:World War II
434:
426:
390:
370:
334:
305:
286:
238:
198:
147:
118:
117:
89:Headquarters
29:
1952:Schenectady
1777:MotivePower
1453:Locomotives
1339:October 25,
1211:Lamb, p. 99
1197:Lamb, p. 96
1185:Lamb, p. 88
1169:Lamb, p. 85
553:Model 37E16
539:USCGC
529:San Antonio
489:Los Angeles
437:World War I
362:televisions
354:hammermills
342:automobiles
301:velocipedes
297:hand trucks
293:typewriters
143:locomotives
100:Area served
38:Predecessor
2012:Categories
1997:See also:
1987:Willamette
1917:Pittsburgh
1887:Manchester
1817:Bombardier
1735:Brookville
1710:locomotive
1617:Facilities
1521:FM H-24-66
1516:FM P-12-42
1506:FM H-20-44
1501:FM H-16-66
1496:FM H-16-44
1491:FM H-15-44
1486:FM H-12-46
1476:FM H-12-44
1471:FM H-10-44
1265:August 17,
766:References
601:Erie-built
557:T1 tankers
299:, railway
1957:St. Louis
1842:Davenport
1757:Railpower
867:March 27,
797:0362-4331
771:Footnotes
541:Polar Sea
537:(used in
517:Pielstick
427:Pampanito
425:USS
320:in 1893,
257:Australia
253:Civil War
241:Wisconsin
178:Water in
131:windmills
81:Successor
1982:Whitcomb
1967:Tredegar
1942:Richmond
1927:Portland
1712:builders
1511:FM OP800
1227:Kalmbach
1146:March 4,
1060:March 3,
1027:March 3,
967:66-22894
744:See also
633:Santa Fe
511:Hamilton
393:headless
346:tractors
322:coal gas
318:kerosene
218:patented
139:tractors
109:Products
1962:Taunton
1872:Hinkley
1847:Dickson
1812:Baldwin
1800:Alco-GE
1788:Defunct
1762:Siemens
1718:Current
1633:Related
1136:LSD 41"
1117:(1962)
1017:SS-230"
1015:Finback
827:July 9,
802:May 27,
684:Pentair
613:H-20-44
609:H-15-44
597:H-10-44
575:", 1953
544:), and
505:US Navy
496:-, and
494:Seawolf
484:US Navy
474:Seawolf
459:of the
435:During
377:railway
364:, and
265:Chicago
176:Pentair
137:, farm
127:engines
54:Vermont
46:Founded
1972:Vulcan
1947:Rogers
1922:Porter
1912:Norris
1877:Jewett
1832:Climax
1822:Brooks
1767:Wabtec
1725:Alstom
1660:Stemco
1561:People
1356:
1306:
1110:&
1091:
995:
965:
940:
795:
546:M.A.N.
509:USCGC
501:-class
358:cranes
308:naptha
249:Beloit
232:, and
226:Europe
135:radios
60:(1823)
1892:Mason
1867:Grant
1862:Globe
1837:Cooke
1807:Atlas
1121:p.619
874:1914.
582:OP800
513:class
476:class
464:class
337:radio
104:World
72:from
1882:Lima
1795:ALCO
1740:NREC
1354:ISBN
1341:2014
1304:ISBN
1267:2018
1148:2013
1089:ISBN
1062:2013
1029:2013
993:ISBN
963:LCCN
938:ISBN
869:2020
829:2024
804:2020
793:ISSN
720:ALCO
625:Alco
623:and
535:Alco
526:and
499:Ohio
462:Tang
213:hemp
209:plow
65:Fate
1897:MLW
1857:GMD
1827:CLC
1750:EMD
989:290
621:EMD
533:),
492:-,
239:In
2014::
1327:.
1253:.
1225:.
1202:^
1190:^
1174:^
1156:^
1138:.
1083::
1079:.
1048:.
1037:^
1019:.
991:.
932::
928:.
909:.
890:.
871:.
860:.
820:.
787:.
701:.
559:.
360:,
356:,
352:,
348:,
344:,
295:,
228:,
129:,
56:,
52:,
1701:e
1694:t
1687:v
1437:e
1430:t
1423:v
1362:.
1343:.
1312:.
1283:.
1269:.
1229:.
1150:.
1097:.
1064:.
1031:.
1001:.
969:.
946:.
913:.
894:.
845:.
831:.
806:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
