364:
legislation—18 co-sponsors in the House, up from the previous record 10 and six co-sponsors in the Senate, up from five. In one of the largest endorsements of the
Statewide Fairness legislation to date, Speaker of the House Greg Stumbo (Prestonsburg) signed on to the House bill for the first time in 2014. Weeks later, the Statewide Fairness legislation, led by Representative Mary Lou Marzian (Louisville), received its first-ever hearing in the House Judiciary Committee under the leadership of Chairman John Tilley (Hopkinsville). Though no vote was taken, Chairman Tilley expressed personal support and suggested the committee would take the issue up again.
26:
264:
separate from the other two ordinances and against the backdrop of the
Pedreira incident. When Alderman President Steve Magre switched his no-vote after hearing citizen's accounts of workplace discrimination, passage was all but assured. The employment discrimination ordinance passed the Board of Aldermen on January 26, 1999, making it the first piece of legislation to protect people on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity to be passed in Kentucky.
2140:
444:
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Foundation alleged that
Hartman was harassing the lobbyist and using abusive language. Hartman has said that he asked the lobbyist "What would Jesus do?" and was frustrated when the lobbyist would not respond to his questions. Hartman noted that the incident took place in front of the press and the Capitol police, and that the spokesman from the Family Foundation was the only person to see an issue.
430:
35:
256:, soon mounted. When a key supporter on the Board of Aldermen, Paul Bather, withdrew his support, the ordinance stalled. Despite pressure from the Fairness Campaign and C-FAIR, the ordinance failed again in 1992. A pared-down version, preventing discrimination only in employment, also failed in a 1995 vote. The broad ordinance was voted down again in 1997.
280:, who would also cast a vote on the proposed ordinance. The third commissioner, Joe Corradino, ultimately decided to support the ordinance, and it passed on October 12, 1999. Corradino lost his campaign for re-election less than a month later, as conservative voters, angry over his decisive vote, mobilized to oppose him.
249:
persuaded the Board of
Aldermen to introduce such an ordinance on November 12, 1991. The proposed ordinance, referred to as the Fairness Amendment, extended broad protections, preventing discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity in the areas of employment, housing, and public accommodations.
176:, of a local Hate Crimes Ordinance. The anti-hate crimes ordinance covered race, religion, ethnicity, and sexual orientation. When a final version passed the Board of Aldermen in November 1991, it became the first piece of legislation in Kentucky to provide protection on the basis of sexual orientation.
299:
Facing a new opportunity to defeat the ordinances, many of the same opposition forces mobilized to lobby Metro
Council members to vote against adoption. The opposition campaign doubled down, producing inflammatory television commercials and sending out provocative and vulgar mass mailings. The Metro
248:
The first goal of the
Fairness Campaign was securing a civil rights ordinance in Louisville that extended protection from discrimination to include sexual orientation and gender identity. The Fairness Campaign and its political action committee, Committee for Fairness and Individual Rights (C-FAIR),
393:
In August 2011, the
Fairness Campaign condemned threatening statements made on Facebook by then-treasurer of C-FAIR, Anthony Casebeer. Casebeer made these statements in response to a paper co-written by lesbian activist Cathy Brennan, which proposed that extension of transgender rights could curtail
259:
In 1998, a daycare employee named Alicia
Pedreira was fired from her job because she was a lesbian. Like the Dorr incident in 1981, this firing drew attention to the issue of workplace discrimination, and directly countered claims by opponents of the ordinance that such discrimination did not occur
179:
The
Fairness Campaign emerged in 1991 as an outgrowth of GLUE, GLHRC, the Kentucky Rainbow Coalition, and the Kentucky Alliance Against Racist and Political Oppression. The Fairness Campaign was announced at the 1991 March for Justice. An early spokesman for the Fairness Campaign has said that the
402:
In March 2012, after a bill supported by the
Fairness Campaign to protect students from bullying died in committee, director Chris Hartman confronted a lobbyist for the conservative opposition group in the hallway of the Capitol Annex in Frankfort. A spokesman for the conservative Kentucky Family
218:
The organization's founders included Carla Wallace and Pam McMichael of Louisville; Pam Goldman and Keith Elston of Lexington; Barry Grossheim of Northern Kentucky; the Rev. Ben Guess of Henderson; and other activists from around the state. Many in this group came to the Kentucky Fairness Alliance
372:
Fairness Campaign leaders have met opposition to LGBT rights in a number of public debates, most notably on Kentucky Education Television's public affairs program, Kentucky Tonight, hosted by Bill Goodman. Kentucky Tonight held a debate on anti-LGBT adoption legislation in 2009, LGBT marriage in
347:
defining marriage as between one man and one woman. The Fairness Campaign's Fairness Education Fund paid for billboard signage and thousands of postcard mailings to voters. The Fairness Campaign spent $ 17,000 opposing the amendment. Opposition groups spent almost $ 523,000 trying to defeat the
164:
In 1983, a small grassroots group was formed, the Greater Louisville Human Rights Coalition (GLHRC). The GLHRC filled the political void of GLUE, and began their efforts by pressuring Louisville officials to address discrimination in the areas of housing, employment, and public accommodations.
160:
In 1981, Sam Dorr, a branch manager at Louisville's First National Bank, was fired from his job because he was gay. The incident, and Dorr's subsequent lawsuit, led many of Louisville's homosexual men and women to form Gays and Lesbians United for Equality (GLUE) to educate the public and raise
263:
In early January 1999, the Fairness Campaign proposed three separate ordinances—one addressing employment discrimination, the second addressing housing discrimination, and the third addressing public accommodations discrimination. The Board of Aldermen took up the employment ordinance first,
272:
When passage of the Louisville ordinance became clearer, the Fairness Campaign pushed for passage of a broader fairness ordinance for Jefferson County, which included not only Louisville, but also a large area surrounding Louisville. The proposed county ordinance covered housing and public
363:
The Fairness Campaign promotes statewide legislation that provides protection against discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity. The 2014 Kentucky General Assembly saw a record number of co-sponsors on both the House and Senate versions of the Statewide Fairness
334:
to pass an anti-discrimination ordinance. Fairness assisted in the drafting and implementation of this measure. In banning discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity Vicco became the smallest town in Kentucky and the United States to pass such an ordinance.
2029:
300:
Council ultimately voted to adopt a broad fairness ordinance—protecting against discrimination in employment, housing, and public accommodations—in a bipartisan vote of 19–6. Some Council members attributed their votes for the ordinance to the nasty opposition campaign.
214:
since the early 1990s. In 1993 a group of LGBT+ Kentuckians from across the Commonwealth, but principally from Louisville and Central Kentucky, formed the Kentucky Fairness Alliance Education Fund with the expressed purpose of educating the public on LGBT+ issues.
1993:
203:. In 2013, KFA merged its assets under the auspices of the Louisville-based Fairness Campaign. KFA provided public education and advocacy on issues affecting lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT+) individuals and families in Kentucky.
1928:
410:. Hartman called the police to report that his car had been sideswiped while parked on the street, but when officers responded to the scene they noticed a swastika had been drawn on a Fairness Campaign sticker and that two
398:
is more in order," and that if the poster "ever saw in my windshield, I'll be wiping blood off my white Buick. But I won't be using the brakes." Casebeer later apologized to Brennan and resigned from his post at C-FAIR.
2002:
952:
2090:
1046:
373:
2012, the Federal Employment Non-Discrimination Act in 2013, Statewide Fairness legislation and LGBT marriage again in 2014, following federal court rulings striking down LGBT marriage bans in Kentucky.
2174:
1241:
144:-based lobbying and advocacy organization, focusing primarily on preventing discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity. The Fairness Campaign is recognized by the IRS as a
1940:
352:
161:
awareness for gay rights issues. GLUE's focus on education and awareness left many in Louisville's gay community calling for a more overtly political organization to advance their interests.
1274:
2017:
1158:
296:, had a five-year limit to adopt or amend the old ordinances of the two defunct governments. Both fairness ordinances would have therefore expired in 2007 had the Metro Council not acted.
219:
from their involvement in groups like Louisville's Fairness Campaign and Lexington's Gay and Lesbian Service Organization. The group's formation was in part a response to attempts in the
1534:
2120:
1569:
2169:
2115:
2046:
2024:
2012:
1898:
330:
More recently, the Fairness Campaign and the statewide Fairness Coalition worked with officials in the towns of Midway, Danville, Morehead, Frankfort, and the small town of
2127:
1945:
1933:
1447:
1412:
1377:
1342:
1307:
670:
960:
253:
493:
2007:
995:
1054:
235:
overturned a statute making consensual oral or anal sex between members of the same sex illegal while allowing these sex acts between members of the opposite sex.
763:
Morrison, George (June 30, 1994). "We've Got Some Work to Do: The Fairness Campaign Organizes Gays and People of Color to Expand the Definition of Civil Rights".
1955:
1923:
1808:
1624:
1218:
1081:
2107:
1251:
1112:
2102:
206:
Because of its role as an advocate for LGBT+ Kentuckians, the history of the Kentucky Fairness Alliance mirrors the legal and legislative issues affecting
2184:
2179:
1988:
1850:
2189:
2164:
292:
was created when voters approved a merger between the City of Louisville and Jefferson County. The new legislative branch of Louisville Metro, the
2041:
1891:
1284:
1150:
2072:
1978:
1855:
1484:
1188:
732:
536:
172:
Public attention returned to discrimination issues in 1990, when a highly publicized hate crime incident led to the introduction, before the
1542:
165:
Those efforts led to Louisville's first-ever gay rights march, the March for Justice, in which about 300 people marched to the steps of the
1973:
252:
While the Fairness Amendment had strong initial public support, opposition from conservative groups, including the Louisville mega-church
542:
180:
name "Fairness" was chosen in part for its rhetorical value. "Fairness means stopping discrimination, and all discrimination is wrong."
2077:
344:
1565:
327:. The Henderson ordinance, which passed in 1999, was repealed 18 months later by officials who campaigned on their promise to repeal.
2144:
2036:
1915:
1884:
1819:
1617:
469:
501:
1983:
1965:
1950:
1907:
457:
1459:
1424:
1389:
1354:
1319:
1003:
659:
2067:
805:
474:
381:
Kentucky Fairness Alliance held the 1st Annual Gay & Lesbian Film Series Kickoff Gala on May 30, 2008, in Louisville. The
2051:
1644:
72:
315:
The Fairness Campaign has also had a hand in passing ordinances similar to the one in Louisville in the Kentucky cities of
2085:
1279:
2194:
1610:
576:
Grise-Owens, Erlene; Vessels, Jeff; Owens, Larry W. (2004). "Organizing for Change: One City's Journey Toward Justice".
277:
173:
25:
2097:
394:
the rights of women. A posting on Casebeer's Facebook page said that a "nice home run swing to the head with a 38-oz.
289:
1845:
1134:
Smith, Peter (October 5, 2004). "Group opposing ban on same-sex marriage begins effort with billboard, postcards".
1104:
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166:
1654:
220:
1803:
1077:
293:
1840:
1719:
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1023:
462:
1734:
1765:
228:
145:
1714:
1787:
1781:
1729:
382:
1749:
1865:
1798:
1519:
Smith, Peter (August 9, 2011). "Fairness Campaign PAC treasurer resigns over violent Facebook post".
797:
Fighting for Fairness: The History of Kentucky's Local Movements to Enact Fairness Ordinances in 1999
276:
The ordinance had the support of two of the three Jefferson County Commissioners, and was opposed by
141:
89:
1151:"The Money Behind the 2004 Marriage Amendments, Table 14: Kentucky Contributions by Committee, 2004"
1679:
1649:
1633:
925:
324:
320:
316:
149:
117:
54:
1824:
1180:
1829:
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593:
395:
232:
1860:
1481:
1709:
1704:
1694:
728:
720:
532:
524:
1504:
Smith, Peter (August 9, 2011). "Threat linked to treasurer of Fairness PAC, Group condemns".
1793:
1770:
1684:
1674:
1669:
996:"Cities still wrestling with including sexual orientation in anti-discrimination ordinances"
585:
351:
The amendment ultimately passed with 75% support. Kentucky was one of eleven states to pass
953:"Abramson Signs Fairness Ordinance, Denounces 'Hateful Politics of Division and Deception'"
1689:
1488:
449:
331:
1566:"Kentucky Fairness Campaign Director Chris Hartman's Car Damaged, Defaced With Swastika"
1754:
1739:
414:
stickers had also been defaced. Louisville Metro Police investigated the incident as a
304:
2158:
1744:
1724:
1699:
597:
1813:
795:
435:
184:
385:
was among the many sponsors of the event supporting Kentucky Fairness Alliance.
425:
415:
411:
207:
923:
Gerth, Joe (December 10, 2004). "'Fairness' rules win bipartisan 19–6 vote".
1876:
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in 2004 as part of a massive conservative mobilization effort on the issue.
64:
34:
589:
199:(KFA) was an American gay rights organization formed in 1993 and based in
1210:
407:
211:
200:
104:
43:
699:
697:
1602:
224:
525:"Louisville's Lesbian Feminist Union: A Study in Community Building"
1834:
1246:
1078:"What Kentucky's Fairness Campaign Learned from Vicco, Kentucky"
664:
183:
The Fairness Campaign celebrated its 20th anniversary in 2011.
39:
1880:
1606:
1455:
1420:
1385:
1350:
1315:
1275:"Anti-Discrimination Bill Gets Hearing, But Future uncertain"
727:. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky. pp. 332–333.
494:"The Fairness Campaign and Kentucky Fairness Alliance Merge!"
187:
commemorated the anniversary with a speech from House floor.
1595:
128:
1019:"Midway becomes 8th Kentucky city with anti-bias ordinance"
660:"Yarmuth Commemorates Fairness Campaign's 20th Anniversary"
1242:"Fairness Coalition Rallies For Anti-Discrimination Laws"
781:
703:
646:
622:
610:
500:. Equality Federation. October 16, 2013. Archived from
406:
On March 23, 2013, Hartman's car was vandalized with a
2175:
Non-profit organizations based in Louisville, Kentucky
1535:"Bullying Bill Failure Leads to Capitol Confrontation"
748:
Hoenig, Henry (October 1998). "The Gospel of Growth".
691:
Notes and correspondence of Keith D. Elston, 1992–1995
1047:"UPDATED: Danville fairness ordinance voted into law"
343:
The Fairness Campaign actively opposed the proposed
307:
signed the ordinance into law on December 10, 2004.
2060:
1964:
1914:
311:
Other Kentucky cities with LGBT fairness ordinances
123:
110:
98:
82:
70:
60:
50:
959:(Press release). December 10, 2004. Archived from
802:Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects
714:
712:
1820:New York Association for Gender Rights Advocacy
353:similar measures prohibiting same-sex marriage
1892:
1809:Massachusetts Transgender Political Coalition
1618:
8:
578:Journal of Gay & Lesbian Social Services
18:
2170:LGBTQ political advocacy groups in Kentucky
1541:. Frankfort. March 14, 2012. Archived from
345:2004 amendment to the Kentucky Constitution
1899:
1885:
1877:
1625:
1611:
1603:
531:. New York University Press. p. 235.
24:
17:
1851:Tennessee Transgender Political Coalition
1211:"Voters pass all 11 bans on gay marriage"
1482:1st Annual Gay & Lesbian Film Series
634:
563:
1941:History of violence against LGBT people
1105:"Sewers, Curfews and a Ban on Gay Bias"
981:
939:
910:
898:
886:
874:
862:
850:
838:
826:
485:
273:accommodations, as well as employment.
185:U.S. Representative John Yarmuth (KY-3)
1856:Transgender Education Network of Texas
1217:. Associated Press. November 3, 2004.
1191:from the original on September 6, 2013
278:County Judge Executive Rebecca Jackson
148:. The organization is a member of the
1480:kentuckyfairness.org (June 10, 2008)
1161:from the original on October 18, 2014
808:from the original on October 19, 2014
782:Grise-Owens, Vessels & Owens 2004
704:Grise-Owens, Vessels & Owens 2004
673:from the original on October 17, 2013
647:Grise-Owens, Vessels & Owens 2004
623:Grise-Owens, Vessels & Owens 2004
611:Grise-Owens, Vessels & Owens 2004
545:from the original on January 27, 2024
7:
1076:Katayama, Devin (January 21, 2013).
377:Annual Gay & Lesbian Film Series
2078:LGBT movements in the United States
1572:from the original on March 30, 2013
1378:"Employment Non-Discrimination Act"
1376:Goodman, Bill (November 25, 2013).
1221:from the original on April 30, 2013
1149:O'Connell, Sue (January 27, 2006).
1115:from the original on April 30, 2013
1084:from the original on April 17, 2013
284:Louisville Metro Fairness Ordinance
268:Jefferson County Fairness Ordinance
1240:Bryan, Ellen (February 20, 2013).
14:
2185:Organizations established in 1991
2180:501(c)(4) nonprofit organizations
470:List of LGBT rights organizations
2139:
2138:
1411:Goodman, Bill (March 24, 2014).
1308:"Adoption and Unmarried Couples"
1306:Goodman, Bill (March 30, 2009).
994:Council, Jared (April 8, 2012).
529:Carrying On In The Lesbian South
458:LGBT rights in the United States
442:
428:
339:2004 Kentucky Marriage Amendment
33:
2190:History of Louisville, Kentucky
2165:1991 establishments in Kentucky
2068:African-American LGBT community
1564:Lord, Joseph (March 24, 2013).
1446:Goodman, Bill (July 14, 2014).
1341:Goodman, Bill (June 11, 2012).
1103:Barry, Dan (January 28, 2013).
475:History of Louisville, Kentucky
2052:Gender identity under Title IX
2047:Transgender disenfranchisement
1645:Alaskans Together for Equality
1000:Evansville Courier & Press
725:The Encyclopedia of Louisville
1:
2086:HIV/AIDS in the United States
1946:History of transgender people
1017:Kocher, Greg (June 1, 2015).
244:Louisville Fairness Ordinance
2112:Lists of LGBT organizations
523:Williams, Kathie D. (1997).
223:to recriminalize consensual
174:Louisville Board of Aldermen
2073:Population and demographics
1454:. Season 21. Episode 2131.
1419:. Season 21. Episode 2115.
1384:. Season 21. Episode 2103.
1349:. Season 19. Episode 1925.
1314:. Season 16. Episode 1617.
1283:. Frankfort. Archived from
290:Louisville Metro Government
2211:
1846:Tennessee Equality Project
1492:Kentucky Fairness Alliance
197:Kentucky Fairness Alliance
191:Kentucky Fairness Alliance
2136:
2025:Employment discrimination
1908:LGBT in the United States
1804:Louisiana Trans Advocates
1655:Empire State Pride Agenda
1640:
1494:. Accessed June 10, 2008.
723:. In Kleber, John (ed.).
527:. In Howard, John (ed.).
221:Kentucky General Assembly
169:courthouse in June 1987.
32:
23:
719:Williams, David (2001).
1841:South Carolina Equality
1720:Equality North Carolina
1665:Equal Rights Washington
1024:Lexington Herald-Leader
794:Bennett, Micah (2011).
463:LGBT rights in Kentucky
1766:Fairness West Virginia
1181:"2004 Ballot Measures"
229:Kentucky Supreme Court
146:501(c)(4) organization
2013:Transgender personnel
1788:Gender Justice League
1782:Garden State Equality
1735:Equality South Dakota
1730:Equality Pennsylvania
1487:July 5, 2008, at the
1051:Central Kentucky News
804:(Thesis). p. 8.
590:10.1300/J041v16n03_01
383:Human Rights Campaign
359:Statewide legislation
138:The Fairness Campaign
2121:Rights organizations
2003:LGBT in the military
1989:Domestic partnership
1929:First to hold office
669:. October 27, 2011.
142:Louisville, Kentucky
90:Louisville, Kentucky
2195:Equality Federation
2091:Veterans healthcare
1934:Members of Congress
1715:Equality New Mexico
1680:Equality California
1650:Basic Rights Oregon
1634:Equality Federation
1521:The Courier-Journal
1506:The Courier-Journal
1462:on February 4, 2016
1448:"Same-Sex Marriage"
1427:on February 4, 2016
1392:on February 4, 2016
1357:on February 4, 2016
1322:on February 4, 2016
1136:The Courier-Journal
926:The Courier-Journal
750:Louisville Magazine
504:on January 17, 2014
254:Southeast Christian
150:Equality Federation
20:
2128:Youth homelessness
2098:LGBTQ+ Pride Month
2042:Transgender rights
2008:Sexual orientation
1994:by municipal areas
1830:OutFront Minnesota
1776:Forum for Equality
1109:The New York Times
396:Louisville Slugger
233:Kentucky v. Wasson
2152:
2151:
2116:community centers
2103:Retirement issues
1874:
1873:
1760:Fairness Campaign
1750:Equality Virginia
1710:Equality Michigan
1705:Equality Maryland
1695:Equality Illinois
1539:The State Journal
1280:The State Journal
1273:Wheatley, Kevin.
1006:on June 28, 2013.
942:, pp. 28–29.
913:, pp. 26–28.
901:, pp. 24–25.
889:, pp. 19–20.
853:, pp. 13–14.
734:978-0-8131-4974-5
538:978-0-8147-3560-2
498:Fairness Campaign
135:
134:
19:Fairness Campaign
2202:
2142:
2141:
2030:Local ordinances
1901:
1894:
1887:
1878:
1866:Wyoming Equality
1799:Indiana Equality
1794:Georgia Equality
1771:Freedom Oklahoma
1685:Equality Florida
1675:Equality Arizona
1670:Equality Alabama
1627:
1620:
1613:
1604:
1599:
1598:
1596:Official website
1582:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1561:
1555:
1554:
1552:
1550:
1545:on July 25, 2012
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1516:
1510:
1509:
1501:
1495:
1478:
1472:
1471:
1469:
1467:
1458:. Archived from
1452:Kentucky Tonight
1443:
1437:
1436:
1434:
1432:
1423:. Archived from
1417:Kentucky Tonight
1408:
1402:
1401:
1399:
1397:
1388:. Archived from
1382:Kentucky Tonight
1373:
1367:
1366:
1364:
1362:
1353:. Archived from
1347:Kentucky Tonight
1338:
1332:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1318:. Archived from
1312:Kentucky Tonight
1303:
1297:
1296:
1294:
1292:
1287:on July 25, 2014
1270:
1264:
1263:
1261:
1259:
1254:on July 23, 2014
1250:. Archived from
1237:
1231:
1230:
1228:
1226:
1207:
1201:
1200:
1198:
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1177:
1171:
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1168:
1166:
1155:Follow The Money
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1120:
1100:
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1093:
1091:
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1062:
1057:on June 30, 2018
1053:. Archived from
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1036:
1035:
1033:
1031:
1014:
1008:
1007:
1002:. Archived from
991:
985:
979:
973:
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968:
963:on June 17, 2013
957:LouisvilleKy.gov
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167:Jefferson County
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2132:
2056:
2018:Intersex people
1974:Same-sex unions
1960:
1910:
1905:
1875:
1870:
1816:(Massachusetts)
1690:Equality Hawaii
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1489:Wayback Machine
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1825:One Colorado
1814:MassEquality
1790:(Washington)
1784:(New Jersey)
1759:
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1574:. Retrieved
1559:
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1543:the original
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1951:Sodomy laws
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1657:(New York,
765:Third Force
549:October 29,
508:January 17,
389:Controversy
239:Initiatives
2159:Categories
1837:(Missouri)
1762:(Kentucky)
481:References
416:hate crime
227:after the
208:gay rights
112:Key people
78:61-1230384
73:Tax ID no.
1861:TransOhio
1659:disbanded
1576:April 13,
1549:April 13,
1258:April 13,
1225:April 13,
1195:April 13,
1165:April 13,
1119:April 13,
1088:April 13,
812:April 14,
721:"Gay Men"
677:April 13,
598:216143958
348:measure.
325:Henderson
321:Covington
317:Lexington
65:501(c)(4)
42:State of
2145:Category
2037:Adoption
1979:Marriage
1956:Timeline
1570:Archived
1485:Archived
1466:July 17,
1431:July 17,
1396:July 17,
1361:July 17,
1326:July 17,
1291:July 17,
1219:Archived
1215:NBC News
1189:Archived
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1113:Archived
1082:Archived
1061:July 17,
806:Archived
671:Archived
543:Archived
422:See also
408:swastika
212:Kentucky
201:Kentucky
156:Founding
118:director
105:Kentucky
83:Location
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2082:Health
2061:Society
1916:History
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967:July 8,
368:Debates
124:Website
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2108:Sports
1966:Rights
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303:Mayor
225:sodomy
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594:S2CID
332:Vicco
231:, in
140:is a
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1247:KTVQ
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969:2015
814:2013
771:(2).
729:ISBN
679:2013
667:News
665:WFPL
551:2015
533:ISBN
510:2014
288:The
195:The
61:Type
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586:doi
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