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False Dmitry I

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276: 620: 475:, who reigned from 1575 to 1586. According to a later tale, Dmitry blurted out that identity once, when a violent master slapped him. Dmitry's own story was that his mother, Tsar Ivan's widow, anticipated Boris Godunov's assassination attempt, and put him into the care of a doctor, who hid him in various monasteries through the years. After the doctor died, Dmitry fled to Poland, and worked briefly there as a teacher before he entered the service of the Wiśniowieckis. Some who had known Ivan IV later claimed that Dmitry did indeed resemble the young tsarevich. The young man also possessed such aristocratic skills as 638: 36: 146: 808:
and tried to disappear within. But he was recognized and dragged out by the boyars, who killed him lest he successfully appeal to the crowd. His body was hacked to pieces, burned, and then the ashes fired from a cannon towards Poland. According to Palitsyn, Dmitry's death set off a massacre of his
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Boris Godunov received word of Dmitry's Polish support, and spread claims than the younger man was simply a runaway monk called Grigory Otrepyev (born Yuri Otrepyev; Grigory was the name given to him at the monastery). On what information this claim was based is uncertain. But the tsar's public
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in Dmitri. Like him he is brave, generous and boastful, like him indifferent to religion -- both abjure their faith for a political cause, both love pleasures and war, both devote themselves to chimerical projects, both are victims of conspiracies... But Henri IV didn't have a Ksenya on his
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The death of the unpopular tsar swept away the last impediment to Dmitry; the victorious Russian troops defected to his side, and others swelled the Polish ranks as they marched in. On 1 June, the disaffected boyars of Moscow staged a palace coup and imprisoned the newly crowned tsar
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Dmitry, having gained the full support of the Polish Commonwealth, formed a small army of approximately 3,500 soldiers from various private Polish and Lithuanian forces. With his men he advanced on Russia in March 1605. Boris's many enemies, including the southern
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Nikolai, who appears in Pushkin's play only to rebuke Tsar Boris for murdering the real Dmitry. In Mussorgsky's opera, the holy fool proclaims, "Weep, weep Orthodox soul", and predicts that "the enemy will come" leading to "darkness blacker than
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Shuisky's adherents had spread word that Tsar Dmitry was about to order his Polish retainers to lock the city gates and massacre the people of Moscow. Whether such orders existed or not, Palitsyn's chronicle reported them as undeniable fact.
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conscience -- it is true that this horrible accusation hasn't been proved and, as for me, I make a point of not believing it." Pushkin intended to write further plays about the reigns of Dmitry and Vasili, as well as the subsequent
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support began to wane, especially as Dmitry's loyalists spread counter-rumors. Several Russian boyars also pledged themselves to Dmitry, thereby giving themselves a "legitimate" reason to not pay taxes to Tsar Boris.
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and allowing foreigners into Russia. This made him unpopular with the boyars, who staged a successful coup and killed him eleven months after he took the throne. His wife of 10 days, Marina, would later "accept"
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monk who impersonates the Tsarevich after he learns he is the age the child would have been had he lived. Pushkin's decision to humanise the False Dmitry earned him the disapproval of Emperor
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fictionalizes the demise of False Dimitry in "The Wolf Master", in which the claimant survives his assassination through trickery, and flees east, pursued by a Cossack he had betrayed.
408:. False Dmitry entered Moscow on 21 July 1605, and was crowned tsar. Maria Nagaya accepted him as her son and "confirmed" his story. False Dmitry's reign was marked by his openness to 1710: 895:, and the Jesuit threatens her with hellfire until she grovels at his feet. In contrast, Pushkin believed that Marina was motivated by pathological ambition. At the opera's 734:
used the title, although this was not recognized at the time. Dmitry's royal depictions featured him clean-shaven, with slicked-back dark hair, an unusual look for the era.
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The Reporte of a bloudie and terrible Massacre in the Citty of Mosco, with the fearefull and tragicall end of Demetrius the last Duke, before him raigning at this present.
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1606, Dmitry married Marina Mniszech in Moscow; she was Catholic. When a Russian Tsar married a woman of another faith, the usual practice was that she would convert to
976: 535:. Dmitry and Marina fell in love. When he asked her father for her hand, he was promised it in return for granting the Mniszechs full rights to the Russian towns of 568:, joined Dmitry's army on the long march to Moscow. These combined forces fought two engagements with reluctant Russian soldiers. Winning the first, they captured 1278: 1206: 966:
Features in the second story of The Ninth Doctor Adventures: Back to Earth (Volume 2.1), a boxset of Doctor Who audio dramas from Big Finish Productions.
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after he came to the attention of Boris Godunov, who ordered him seized. Many Polish nobles did not believe his story, but nonetheless supported him.
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in particular showed interest in the stories Dmitry told, and who he purported to be, as they gave the Poles an opportunity to capitalize on the
1645: 953: 1650: 1059: 584:, but they badly lost the second battle. Their cause was only saved by the news of the sudden death of Boris Godunov on 13 April 1605. 393: 386: 1670: 738: 1660: 1067: 119: 1680: 1675: 1271: 784:, Dmitry further enraged many Muscovites by permitting his Catholic and Protestant soldiers, whom the Russian Church regarded as 53: 1397: 668:, whom Dmitry raped and kept as a concubine for five months. Many of the noble families Tsar Boris had exiled – such as the 100: 57: 800:
On the morning of 17 May 1606, ten days after Dmitry's marriage to Marina, huge numbers of boyars and commoners stormed the
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Dmitry's reign had lasted only eleven months before Prince Shuisky took his place. Two further impostors later appeared,
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L. Dunning, Dmitry was "the only Tsar ever raised to the throne by means of a military campaign and popular uprisings".
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supporters. He boasted in his chronicle that "a great amount of heretical blood was spilled on the streets of Moscow."
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with his learning and assurance. Tsar Boris Godunov ordered the young man seized and questioned. Dmitry fled to Prince
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In foreign policy, Dmitry sought an alliance with his sponsor, the Polish Commonwealth, and with the
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The West in Russia and China, Religious and Secular Thought in Modern Times, Vol1: Russia, 1472-1917
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On 20 June, Dmitry made his triumphal entry into Moscow with 8,000 cossacks and Poles according to
589: 191: 181: 1200: 1559: 1470: 1457: 1437: 1427: 1377: 1367: 1312: 1195: 948: 757:; so, claimed the rumors, Tsarina Marina did not convert to the Orthodox faith. This angered the 708: 625: 608: 548: 502: 310: 153: 804:. Dmitry tried to flee by jumping out a window, but fractured his leg in the fall. He fled to a 637: 1569: 1541: 1509: 1465: 1447: 1412: 1307: 1063: 922: 868: 830: 769: 731: 727: 514: 498:, and several other Polish noblemen agreed to back him, and his claim, against Boris Godunov. 491: 397: 382: 359: 223: 1589: 1528: 1514: 1417: 1407: 1402: 1362: 1357: 941: 913: 888: 857: 817: 781: 457: 366: 355: 335: 93: 1182:, edited and translated by Carl R. Proffer. University of Indiana Press, 1969. Pages 97-98. 1549: 1524: 1382: 981: 884: 813: 665: 528: 414: 233: 438: 1564: 1475: 1422: 1392: 1387: 1238: 1006: 719: 630: 532: 400:
in 1605, but the war ended with the sudden death of Boris Godunov. Disaffected Russian
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Russia's First Civil War: The Time of Troubles and the Founding of the Romanov Dynasty
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Dmitry planned to introduce a series of political and economic reforms. He restored
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were allowed to change their allegiance to another lord, easing the conditions of
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were killed, including Tsar Feodor and his mother, with the exception of Tsarevna
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to prepare for the conflict. In his correspondence, he referred to himself as "
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Dmitry entered history circa 1600, after making a positive impression on
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Whether or not Dmitry's tale was accurate, the Wiśniowiecki brothers,
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from 10 June 1605 until his death on 17 May 1606 under the name of
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The new tsar moved to consolidate his power by visiting the
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New York: Schocken Books. pp. 16–17. 977:Bibliography of Russian history (1223–1613) 951:recounts the overthrow of False Dimitry in 513:to his cause, Dmitry publicly converted to 501:In March 1604, Dmitry visited the court of 1279: 1265: 1257: 1220: 144: 131: 120:Learn how and when to remove this message 1144:Medieval Russia: A Source Book, 850-1700 761:, the boyars, and the population alike. 1180:The Critical Prose of Alexander Pushkin 1024: 1108:,Cambridge University Press, 1973, p49 907:False Dmitry's story was also told by 517:on 17 April 1604, and convinced papal 240: 954:The Notebooks of Malte Laurids Brigge 7: 1092: 404:staged a coup against the new tsar, 323:). According to historian Chester S. 58:adding citations to reliable sources 1060:Pennsylvania State University Press 867:Although based on Pushkin's play, 25: 957:, Rilke's only longer prose work. 843:. Pushkin's character is a young 718:. He planned for war against the 1706:Assassinated Russian politicians 1062:. 2001. p. preface, p. xi. 887:is portrayed as instigated by a 788:, to pray in Orthodox churches. 274: 163:10 June 1605 – 17 May 1606 34: 27:Tsar of Russia from 1605 to 1606 891:. Marina balks at seducing the 883:. False Dmitry's engagement to 656:, and the convent of his widow 607:of his own choosing, the Greek 467:Rumors said that Dmitry was an 45:needs additional citations for 1696:17th-century murdered monarchs 1666:Leaders who took power by coup 992:Polish–Muscovite War (1605–18) 722:, ordering mass production of 531:, daughter of Polish nobleman 394:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 387:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 340:самозванцы (sing.: самозванец) 1: 1646:17th-century Russian monarchs 743:Eastern Orthodox Christianity 997:Battle of Novhorod-Siverskyi 875:demonizes False Dmitry, the 749:by promising to reunite the 642:Last minutes of False Dmitry 1651:Deaths by firearm in Russia 1170:Zenkovsky (1974), page 386. 1133:Zenkovsky (1974), page 385. 1014:Tsars of Russia family tree 527:While at court, Dmitry met 396:, False Dmitry invaded the 350: 301: 1727: 1348:Sviatoslav III of Vladimir 1201:"Demetrius, Pseudo-"  596:, widow of Boris Godunov. 358:to be the youngest son of 249:Dmitry Ivanovich (claimed) 1671:Murdered Russian monarchs 1296:Grand princes of Vladimir 1245: 1236: 1228: 1223: 1158:Russian Rebels; 1600-1800 354:) who claimed during the 339: 319: 289: 248: 239: 205:19 October 1582 (claimed) 143: 1661:Leaders ousted by a coup 1393:Dmitry the Terrible Eyes 1288:List of Russian monarchs 824:Portrayals in literature 730:" a century before Tsar 594:Maria Skuratova-Belskaya 524:to also back his claim. 471:son of the Polish king, 392:With the support of the 1681:Russian Roman Catholics 1676:Roman Catholic monarchs 1343:Yaroslav II of Vladimir 1207:Encyclopædia Britannica 759:Russian Orthodox Church 751:Russian Orthodox Church 427:Patriarch Job of Moscow 417:as her fallen husband. 1542:Emperors of all Russia 873:opera of the same name 649: 634: 1353:Andrey II of Vladimir 1323:Vsevolod the Big Nest 1156:Avrich, Paul (1972). 881:Roman Catholic Church 764:The resentful Prince 640: 622: 431:Constantine Ostrogski 1466:Ivan IV the Terrible 1333:Konstantin of Rostov 1313:Andrei I Bogolyubsky 1104:Treadgold, Donald W. 1002:Battle of Dobrynichi 849:Nicholas I of Russia 572:(modern Chernihiv), 551:upon his ascension. 448:family. 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Index

False Dmitri I

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Tsar of all Russia
Coronation
Feodor II
Vasili IV
Moscow
Russia
Marina Mniszech
Dynasty
Rurik

romanized
Tsar of all Russia
"pretenders"
Russian
romanized
Time of Troubles
Ivan the Terrible

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