2395:, in which he asserted that the family was descended from a certain Numerius Julius Caesar (for whom no evidence exists). Berry, who did not cite or otherwise identify any of the "best authors" upon which he relied in compiling his tables (indeed, in his introduction, he merely apologizes for not having room in the tables to do so), includes a number of dubious names and relationships in his genealogy of the Julii, many of which are not found in any known ancient source, and in some cases are flatly contradicted by them; many appear to have been invented by Berry or one of his unnamed sources merely in order to fill gaps or otherwise improve the genealogy.
318:
364:. Drumann supposed that he might have been the son of a senator named Gaius Julius, who wrote a Roman history in Greek about 143 BC. This Gaius, he proposed, might have been a brother of Sextus Julius Caesar, the consul of 157, and therefore a son of the Sextus who was military tribune in 181. Since the two Sexti were in fact the same man, this would probably make the senator Gaius a third son of Sextus Julius Caesar, the praetor of 208 BC. If he was a senator in 143, and the great-grandfather of Caesar, who was born in BC 100, he was probably not the consul's son, as
38:
352:. Accordingly, Drumann inferred the existence of an otherwise unknown Lucius Julius Caesar between the praetor and the military tribune, although in order to make sense chronologically, the praetor would have to have been rather elderly and the tribune very young when they held their respective offices. More recent scholarship has concluded that the military tribune and the consul were the same man, which means that his grandfather, Lucius, was the father of the praetor of 208 BC, rather than his son.
2368:
3512:
424:
2407:
Even more confusingly, the consul held office only twenty-four years after the military tribune. Normally a consul would have attained the age of forty before becoming eligible for this magistracy, while military tribunes were typically young men. In order to have had a son who was at least forty
355:
It is therefore Sextus, the praetor of 208 BC, rather than an otherwise unknown Lucius Julius Caesar, who was the father of Lucius Julius Caesar, praetor in 183 BC, and Sextus, the consul of 157 BC. These sons provide the first two branches of the family; but the third branch, representing the
342:
in his monumental history of Rome, and the following tables are based largely on his reconstruction of the family. In most respects, Drumann's genealogy forms the basis for modern scholarship on the family, with one important exception: Drumann believed that the Sextus Julius Caesar who was a
245:, "hair", and it is quite in accordance with the Roman custom for a surname to be given to an individual from some peculiarity in his personal appearance. The second opinion, which seems to have been the most popular one with the ancient writers, arose without doubt from a
249:. With respect to the first, which was the one adopted, says Spartianus, by the most learned men, it is impossible to disprove it absolutely, as we know next to nothing of the ancient Moorish language; but it has no inherent probability in it; and the statement of
2397:
Berry anticipates
Drumann's error in assuming that Sextus Julius Caesar, the military tribune of 181 BC, and Sextus, the consul of BC 157, were father and son; and also Griffin's conjecture that the family is descended from Lucius Julius Libo, consul in
277:, as members either by adoption or female descent of Caesar's family; but though the family became extinct with Nero, succeeding emperors still retained it as part of their titles, and it was the practice to prefix it to their own name, as for instance,
347:
in 181 BC and the Sextus who was consul in BC 157 were father and son. While chronology suggested that the tribune might be the son of the Sextus who had been praetor in 208 BC, the consul's filiation indicated that his grandfather's name was
309:, who had been consul in 64 BC, and who was still living in 40 BC. Although other members of the family may have lived after this time, none seem to have achieved sufficient prominence to be recorded in subsequent generations.
253:
is undoubtedly false, that the grandfather of the dictator obtained the surname on account of killing an elephant with his own hand in Africa, as there were several of the Julii with this name before his time.
3113:
2434:
He himself never used the name "Octavianus", although it was used by his contemporaries. During his early career he usually called himself "Gaius Caesar"; later placing the title
407:; their children also became part of the Julia gens. The line draws to a close with the death of Germanicus' son, Gaius Julius Caesar Germanicus, better known simply as Gaius or
2792:
165:
156:
is uncertain. On the assumption that the
Caesares were descended from earlier notable families of the Julia gens, some scholars have suggested that he was the son of
2425:
VII of Egypt, about 47 BC; he was a small child when his father was murdered. Octavian had him put to death in 30 BC, in order to prevent future revolts in his name.
828:
665:
3539:
371:
The rest of the genealogy is well-known. As Caesar left no legitimate sons to carry on his name and legacy, by his will he adopted his grand-nephew, Gaius
119:
and instituting a number of political and social reforms, he was assassinated in 44 BC. After overcoming several rivals, Caesar's adopted son and heir,
2765:
2751:
1716:
886:
3387:
3143:
2869:
1434:
802:
563:
2995:
152:
of his son, Sextus, "Sex. f. L. n.", we know that his father was named Lucius, but precisely who this Lucius was and whether he bore the surname
2892:
2782:
Geschichte Roms in seinem Übergang von der republikanischen zur monarchischen
Verfassung, oder: Pompeius, Caesar, Cicero und ihre Zeitgenossen
3402:
1135:
1014:
790:
460:
454:
72:
3430:
1152:
471:
84:
2929:
1540:
1449:
1418:
871:
824:
493:
487:
306:
806:
3232:
2832:
2721:
567:
428:
2408:
years old in 157 BC, the tribune Sextus would have to have been born around 217 BC, when his grandfather was probably a young man.
646:, grandnephew (through Caesar's sister Julia Minor), born Gaius Octavius; subsequently known as the emperor Augustus, married (1)
3549:
317:
2803:
612:
524:
3397:
2919:
2824:
2762:
2748:
587:
573:
31:
3053:
2797:
516:
3188:
2602:
Genealogia
Antiqua, or Mythological and Classical Tables, Compiled from the Best Authors on Fabulous and Ancient History
2393:
Genealogia
Antiqua, or Mythological and Classical Tables, Compiled from the Best Authors on Fabulous and Ancient History
651:
446:
The table below reflects known and probable relationships, with speculative descent indicated by a question mark "(?)".
2657:
3486:
3238:
3181:
3068:
2862:
2597:
2388:
838:
148:
The first of the Julii
Caesares to appear in history was Sextus Julius Caesar, praetor in Sicily in 208 BC. From the
356:
ancestors of Gaius Julius Caesar, the dictator, are less certain. We know that Caesar's grandfather was also named
257:
An inquiry into the etymology of this name is of some interest, as no other name has ever obtained such celebrity —
3392:
3361:
3345:
3073:
1427:
647:
616:
536:
333:
140:
261:
It was assumed by
Augustus as the adopted son of the dictator, and was by Augustus handed down to his adopted son
3422:
3335:
3274:
2937:
608:
3340:
3269:
2965:
2445:
669:
520:
380:
250:
149:
80:
56:
3544:
911:
The male line of the family, showing both natural and adoptive lineage through the Julio-Claudian emperors.
720:
3554:
3517:
3450:
3201:
3167:
3130:
2855:
2545:
2541:
861:
622:
230:
37:
2787:
2980:
543:
3030:
2907:
2387:
Drumann was not the first modern historian to investigate the Julii. In 1816, an
English genealogist,
508:
108:
2367:
3491:
3020:
3000:
2912:
2460:(as well as several other members of the Julio-Claudian dynasty), generally refrained from using the
2003:
710:
400:
193:
3058:
3043:
2985:
2975:
2970:
746:
595:
591:
3295:
3038:
3010:
2990:
2960:
2955:
2840:
2693:
2371:
Sestertius bearing the likenesses of the emperor Gaius Julius Caesar
Germanicus, better known as
2182:
752:
701:
157:
3440:
3290:
3149:
3095:
3085:
2897:
2828:
2820:
2717:
2171:
879:
726:
2814:
2711:
3435:
3225:
3090:
3048:
3015:
2525:
1861:
849:
784:
392:
344:
189:
68:
3496:
3254:
3100:
3063:
798:
776:
772:
661:
577:
339:
297:
was also granted to the second person in the state and the heir presumptive to the throne.
246:
301:
Outside of the
Imperial family, the last of the Julii known to have borne the surname of
3455:
3264:
3218:
3080:
2280:
820:
780:
762:
581:
128:
112:
45:
17:
3533:
2878:
2321:
2193:
1854:
1557:
834:
758:
690:
604:
434:
388:
124:
96:
41:
3300:
1845:
865:
679:
557:(?) Gaius Julius Caesar, a senator, said to have written a Roman history in Greek.
384:
372:
204:, and was given as a surname to one of the Julii because he had killed an elephant.
116:
104:
379:. Octavian had only a daughter, and therefore adopted two of his grandchildren by
3476:
3259:
3195:
2947:
2902:
2681:
716:
528:
361:
3471:
3305:
3137:
2356:
2028:
742:
700:, stepson, son-in-law and successor, born Tiberius Claudius Nero; married (1)
404:
321:
63:
180:
It is uncertain which member of the Julia gens first obtained the surname of
3481:
3445:
3366:
2436:
2422:
2418:
1694:
636:
632:
423:
2464:
Julius. However, he is still referred to as "Julius" by some inscriptions.
490:, married Fulvia. Consul in 90 BC, he was put to death by Fimbria in 87.
391:; but when both died young, the emperor adopted their brother, who became
3371:
3330:
3174:
3005:
2457:
2372:
2204:
1868:
1703:
810:
768:
697:
673:
643:
599:
481:
412:
408:
403:, and he adopted a nephew, Tiberius Claudius Nero Germanicus, who became
396:
376:
325:
270:
266:
262:
170:
120:
2697:
2685:
683:
411:, in AD 41; after this, the imperial authority passed to Gaius' uncle,
375:, who thus became "Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus", the future emperor
282:
185:
76:
560:(?) Gaius Julius Caesar, grandfather of the dictator, married Marcia.
2239:
713:
the Younger, born Nero Claudius Drusus, married Claudia Livia Julia.
626:
576:, wife of (1) Lucius Pinarius and (2) Quintus Pedius; grandmother of
504:
438:
92:
88:
368:
eponymous and presumably eldest son, Sextus, was praetor in BC 123.
2366:
655:
547:
422:
316:
201:
36:
285:
adopted Aelius Verus, he allowed the latter to take the title of
2847:
814:
274:
100:
60:
2851:
207:
That it was given to one of the Julii because he had been cut (
184:, but the first who occurs in history is Sextus Julius Caesar,
2440:
instead of "Gaius". The practice of avoiding the use of the
755:, accused of treason, he died in AD 31. Married Julia Livia.
707:
Tiberius Claudius Nero (Tiberillus), died in infancy, 11 BC.
570:. Praetor in an uncertain year, he died suddenly in BC 84.
200:
That the word signified an elephant in the language of the
196:, mentions four different opinions respecting its origin:
736:
Tiberius Claudius Caesar Germanicus Gemellus, died AD 23.
293:
continued to be confined to the reigning prince, that of
188:
in BC 208. The origin of the name is equally uncertain.
214:
Because he had been born with a great quantity of hair (
2793:
Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology
2737:
Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology
2644:
Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology
2623:
Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology
2561:
Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology
2490:
Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology
801:, better known as Agrippina the Younger, wife of (1)
166:
Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology
771:, better known as the emperor Caligula, married (1)
395:, and a stepson, Tiberius Claudius Nero, who became
229:
Of these opinions the third, which is also given by
3464:
3415:
3380:
3354:
3323:
3314:
3283:
3247:
3210:
3159:
3122:
3029:
2946:
2928:
2885:
2604:, Baldwin, Cradock, and Joy, London (1816), pp. 50.
852:, grandson, born Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa Postumus.
338:The genealogy of the Julii Caesares was studied by
682:, grandson, born Gaius Vipsanius Agrippa, married
259:"clarum et duraturum cum aeternitate mundi nomen."
91:in 157 BC; but the most famous descendant of this
67:. The family first appears in history during the
719:, wife of (1) Nero Julius Caesar Germanicus, (2)
2800:, ed., Little, Brown and Company, Boston (1849).
761:, accused of treason, he died in AD 33. Married
2500:
2498:
889:, governor of Syria, killed in a revolt, BC 46.
745:, nephew, born Tiberius Claudius Nero; married
141:Gaius Julius Caesar (name) § The cognomen
399:. Tiberius' son, Nero Claudius Drusus, became
241:are both probably connected with the Sanskrit
211:) out of his mother's womb after her death; or
2863:
2692:, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 175–188,
2580:
2578:
8:
539:, the orator, put to death by Fimbria in 87.
127:by the senate, inaugurating what became the
2810:, American Philological Association (1952).
2686:"Imperator Caesar: A Study in Nomenclature"
2485:
2483:
2481:
2417:Caesar did have a son, known to history as
3320:
2943:
2870:
2856:
2848:
813:, the emperor Claudius; mother of Emperor
693:, grandson, born Lucius Vipsanius Agrippa.
289:; and from this time, though the title of
30:For other people named Julius Caesar, see
2662:. Perseus Digital Library. pp. 16:14
477:Sextus Julius Caesar, praetor in 123 BC.
466:Lucius Julius Caesar, praetor in 166 BC.
55:were the most illustrious family of the
3114:Planned invasion of the Parthian Empire
2477:
2380:
433:Inscription means: Julia, daughter of
225:) eyes of an almost supernatural kind.
2808:The Magistrates of the Roman Republic
2549:De Verborum Significatu, s. v. Caesar
2311:
2270:
2229:
2203:
2201:
2192:
2190:
2181:
2179:
2177:
2170:
2168:
2166:
2164:
2162:
2160:
2158:
2156:
2154:
2152:
2150:
2148:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2140:
2088:
2086:
2084:
2082:
2076:
2074:
2072:
2070:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2062:
2060:
2058:
2056:
2054:
2052:
2050:
2048:
2046:
2040:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2027:
2025:
2023:
2021:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2013:
2011:
2002:
2000:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1988:
1986:
1984:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1976:
1974:
1972:
1910:
1908:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1900:
1898:
1896:
1894:
1892:
1890:
1888:
1886:
1884:
1882:
1880:
1874:
1867:
1865:
1860:
1858:
1853:
1851:
1844:
1842:
1840:
1838:
1836:
1834:
1832:
1830:
1828:
1826:
1824:
1822:
1820:
1750:
1748:
1746:
1744:
1742:
1740:
1738:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1726:
1715:
1713:
1711:
1702:
1700:
1693:
1691:
1689:
1687:
1682:
1680:
1678:
1676:
1674:
1672:
1670:
1668:
1666:
1648:
1646:
1644:
1638:
1636:
1634:
1632:
1614:
1612:
1610:
1608:
1606:
1600:
1598:
1596:
1594:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1573:
1571:
1569:
1567:
1565:
1556:
1554:
1552:
1550:
1548:
1546:
1539:
1537:
1535:
1533:
1531:
1529:
1527:
1525:
1523:
1517:
1515:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1503:
1501:
1499:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1487:
1485:
1483:
1481:
1475:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1467:
1465:
1463:
1461:
1459:
1448:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1440:
1433:
1431:
1426:
1424:
1417:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1405:
1403:
1401:
1365:
1363:
1339:
1337:
1335:
1317:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1309:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1301:
1295:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1266:
1264:
1262:
1260:
1255:
1233:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1225:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1201:
1199:
1197:
1195:
1193:
1187:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1164:
1162:
1160:
1158:
1151:
1149:
1147:
1145:
1143:
1141:
1134:
1038:
1032:
1030:
1028:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1020:
1013:
1011:
1009:
1007:
1005:
1003:
1001:
999:
997:
991:
989:
987:
985:
983:
981:
979:
977:
975:
969:
967:
965:
963:
961:
959:
957:
955:
953:
947:
945:
943:
941:
939:
937:
935:
932:
930:
928:
926:
924:
922:
920:
918:
916:
360:, and that he married a woman of the
7:
3540:Ancient Roman prosopographical lists
3431:Cultural depictions of Julius Caesar
727:Tiberius Julius Caesar Nero Gemellus
279:Imperator Caesar Domitianus Augustus
233:, seems to come nearest the truth.
103:and became the undisputed master of
2444:(family name) was also followed by
25:
3233:Ut est rerum omnium magister usus
2572:Broughton, vol. II, pp. 161, 385.
413:Tiberius Claudius Nero Germanicus
3511:
3510:
769:Gaius (Julius) Caesar Germanicus
393:Agrippa Julius Caesar (Postumus)
2739:, vol. I, pp. 424–430, 563–565.
525:Publius Cornelius Lentulus Sura
2819:John Wiley & Sons (2009),
644:Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus
600:Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus
480:Lucius Julius Caesar, married
415:, and out of the Julian line.
265:. It continued to be used by
221:Because he had azure-colored (
121:Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus
32:Julius Caesar (disambiguation)
1:
324:, adopted son of the emperor
3388:Gaius Julius Caesar (father)
3189:Commentarii de Bello Gallico
2816:A Companion to Julius Caesar
2710:Edmondson, Jhonatan (2014).
2391:, published a work entitled
729:, put to death by Caligula,
607:, the dictator, married (1)
548:Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix
3182:Commentarii de Bello Civili
2584:Drumann, vol. III, pp. 113
2205:C. Julius Caesar Germanicus
1704:C. Julius Caesar Octavianus
803:Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus
3571:
2634:Broughton, vol. I, p. 513.
2504:Broughton, vol. I, p. 446.
537:Gaius Julius Caesar Strabo
334:Julio-Claudian family tree
331:
138:
99:, a general who conquered
29:
3505:
2784:, Königsberg (1834–1844).
2448:and Augustus' successors.
2331:
2290:
2249:
2134:
2132:
2130:
2124:
2122:
2120:
2112:
2108:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2080:
2078:
1966:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1958:
1956:
1954:
1952:
1950:
1948:
1940:
1936:
1930:
1928:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1920:
1918:
1916:
1814:
1812:
1806:
1804:
1802:
1800:
1794:
1792:
1790:
1782:
1778:
1776:
1774:
1772:
1770:
1764:
1762:
1760:
1758:
1756:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1642:
1640:
1630:
1626:
1620:
1604:
1602:
1513:
1511:
1497:
1495:
1479:
1477:
1395:
1393:
1391:
1389:
1387:
1385:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1361:
1357:
1355:
1353:
1347:
1345:
1333:
1329:
1323:
1249:
1247:
1245:
1237:
1235:
1217:
1213:
1207:
1191:
1189:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1104:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1094:
1092:
1084:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1068:
1066:
1064:
1062:
1056:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1048:
1046:
1044:
973:
971:
666:Marcus Claudius Marcellus
3270:Temple of Venus Genetrix
2446:Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa
2029:Germanicus Julius Caesar
811:Tiberius Claudius Drusus
807:Gaius Sallustius Crispus
743:Germanicus Julius Caesar
698:Tiberius (Julius) Caesar
670:Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa
521:Marcus Antonius Creticus
405:Germanicus Julius Caesar
381:Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa
322:Germanicus Julius Caesar
131:line of Roman emperors.
3550:Family of Julius Caesar
1428:C. Julius Caesar Strabo
829:Marcus Aemilius Lepidus
825:Lucius Cassius Longinus
721:Gaius Rubellius Blandus
704:, (2) Julia the Elder.
111:. Having been granted
18:Family of Julius Caesar
3451:Julio-Claudian dynasty
3275:Caesar's Rhine bridges
3202:Poems by Julius Caesar
3168:Laudatio Iuliae amitae
3144:Constitutional reforms
3131:Lex Julia de maiestate
2804:T. Robert S. Broughton
2546:Marcus Verrius Flaccus
2542:Sextus Pompeius Festus
2376:
1695:Ptolemaeus Caesar(ion)
877:Sextus Julius Caesar,
759:Drusus (Julius) Caesar
691:Lucius (Julius) Caesar
674:Tiberius Claudius Nero
627:Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus
451:Lucius Julius (Libo?)
443:
397:Tiberius Julius Caesar
329:
299:
48:
27:Roman patrician family
2893:Early life and career
2370:
1862:Agrippa Julius Caesar
850:Agrippa Julius Caesar
680:Gaius (Julius) Caesar
499:Lucius Julius Caesar
463:, praetor in 183 BC.
457:, praetor in 208 BC.
426:
320:
178:
40:
3492:Marcus Junius Brutus
3403:Julia Minor (sister)
3398:Julia Major (sister)
2996:Invasions of Britain
2913:Crossing the Rubicon
2303:speculative descent
2194:Drusus Julius Caesar
2004:Drusus Julius Caesar
887:Sextus Julius Caesar
872:Sextus Julius Caesar
711:Drusus Julius Caesar
635:(Caesarion), son by
494:Lucius Julius Caesar
488:Lucius Julius Caesar
474:, consul in 157 BC.
472:Sextus Julius Caesar
461:Lucius Julius Caesar
455:Sextus Julius Caesar
401:Drusus Julius Caesar
389:Lucius Julius Caesar
307:Lucius Julius Caesar
160:, consul in 267 BC.
85:Sextus Julius Caesar
73:Sextus Julius Caesar
3331:Cossutia (disputed)
2222:
874:, consul in BC 91.
684:Claudia Livia Julia
605:Gaius Julius Caesar
596:Octavia the Younger
592:Marcus Atius Balbus
564:Gaius Julius Caesar
496:, consul in 64 BC.
419:Genealogical tables
97:Gaius Julius Caesar
42:Gaius Julius Caesar
3372:Augustus (adopted)
3296:Chiaramonti Caesar
3074:Battle of the Nile
2930:Military campaigns
2908:Caesar's civil war
2841:The Twelve Caesars
2716:. pp. 56–59.
2659:Letters to Atticus
2377:
2375:, and his sisters.
2218:
2183:Nero Julius Caesar
1717:Sex. Julius Caesar
1574:Sex. Julius Caesar
1450:Sex. Julius Caesar
1267:Sex. Julius Caesar
1153:Sex. Julius Caesar
1015:Sex. Julius Caesar
753:Nero Julius Caesar
747:Vipsania Agrippina
702:Vipsania Agrippina
444:
383:, who thus became
330:
158:Lucius Julius Libo
49:
3527:
3526:
3411:
3410:
3291:Tusculum portrait
3150:Dictator perpetuo
3109:
3108:
3001:Ambiorix's revolt
2898:First Triumvirate
2886:Major life events
2780:Wilhelm Drumann,
2646:, vol. I, p. 556.
2625:, vol. I, p. 539.
2563:, vol. I, p. 538.
2526:Aelius Spartianus
2492:, vol. I, p. 536.
2348:
2347:
2344:adoptive descent
2341:
2340:
2318:
2317:
2300:
2299:
2277:
2276:
2262:probable descent
2259:
2258:
2236:
2235:
2216:
2215:
2172:Ti. Julius Caesar
1869:Ti. Julius Caesar
1577:Flamen Quirinalis
1175:C. Julius Caesar?
933:L. Julius (Libo?)
880:Flamen Quirinalis
633:Ptolemaeus Caesar
594:; grandmother of
218:) on his head; or
192:, in his life of
169:says this of the
123:, was proclaimed
16:(Redirected from
3562:
3514:
3513:
3436:Temple of Caesar
3393:Aurelia (mother)
3321:
3226:Veni, vidi, vici
2944:
2872:
2865:
2858:
2849:
2813:Miriam Griffin,
2768:
2760:
2754:
2746:
2740:
2734:
2728:
2727:
2707:
2701:
2700:
2678:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2667:
2653:
2647:
2641:
2635:
2632:
2626:
2620:
2614:
2611:
2605:
2595:
2589:
2582:
2573:
2570:
2564:
2558:
2552:
2539:
2533:
2523:
2517:
2513:Griffin, pp. 13
2511:
2505:
2502:
2493:
2487:
2465:
2455:
2449:
2432:
2426:
2415:
2409:
2405:
2399:
2385:
2329:
2328:
2309:
2308:
2288:
2287:
2268:
2267:
2247:
2246:
2227:
2226:
2223:
2217:
2009:
1855:L. Julius Caesar
1846:C. Julius Caesar
1683:L. Julius Caesar
1558:C. Julius Caesar
1541:L. Julius Caesar
1435:C. Julius Caesar
1419:L. Julius Caesar
1289:C. Julius Caesar
1274:L. Julius Caesar
1256:L. Julius Caesar
1136:L. Julius Caesar
914:
913:
785:Milonia Caesonia
503:, a partisan of
345:military tribune
69:Second Punic War
21:
3570:
3569:
3565:
3564:
3563:
3561:
3560:
3559:
3530:
3529:
3528:
3523:
3501:
3497:Curia of Pompey
3460:
3407:
3376:
3350:
3310:
3279:
3255:Forum of Caesar
3243:
3206:
3155:
3118:
3105:
3064:Alexandrian war
3025:
2942:
2924:
2881:
2876:
2777:
2772:
2771:
2761:
2757:
2747:
2743:
2735:
2731:
2724:
2709:
2708:
2704:
2680:
2679:
2675:
2665:
2663:
2655:
2654:
2650:
2642:
2638:
2633:
2629:
2621:
2617:
2613:Griffin, p. 13.
2612:
2608:
2596:
2592:
2583:
2576:
2571:
2567:
2559:
2555:
2540:
2536:
2524:
2520:
2512:
2508:
2503:
2496:
2488:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2468:
2456:
2452:
2433:
2429:
2416:
2412:
2406:
2402:
2396:
2386:
2382:
2365:
2353:
2209:
2206:
2198:
2195:
2187:
2184:
2174:Nero (Gemellus)
2173:
2031:
2007:
2006:
1871:
1848:
1718:
1708:
1705:
1697:
1684:
1575:
1560:
1542:
1451:
1437:
1420:
1268:
1257:
1155:
1137:
1017:
909:
904:
839:Marcus Vinicius
799:Julia Agrippina
777:Livia Orestilla
773:Junia Claudilla
662:Julia the Elder
578:Lucius Pinarius
531:, the triumvir.
529:Marcus Antonius
421:
340:Wilhelm Drumann
336:
315:
247:false etymology
146:
137:
87:, obtained the
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3568:
3566:
3558:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3545:Julii Caesares
3542:
3532:
3531:
3525:
3524:
3522:
3521:
3506:
3503:
3502:
3500:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3468:
3466:
3462:
3461:
3459:
3458:
3456:Caesar (title)
3453:
3448:
3443:
3441:Caesar's Comet
3438:
3433:
3428:
3424:Life of Caesar
3419:
3417:
3413:
3412:
3409:
3408:
3406:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3384:
3382:
3378:
3377:
3375:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3358:
3356:
3352:
3351:
3349:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3327:
3325:
3318:
3312:
3311:
3309:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3287:
3285:
3281:
3280:
3278:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3265:Basilica Julia
3262:
3257:
3251:
3249:
3245:
3244:
3242:
3241:
3236:
3229:
3222:
3219:Alea iacta est
3214:
3212:
3208:
3207:
3205:
3204:
3199:
3192:
3185:
3178:
3171:
3163:
3161:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3153:
3146:
3141:
3134:
3126:
3124:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3116:
3110:
3107:
3106:
3104:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3077:
3076:
3071:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3035:
3033:
3027:
3026:
3024:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2952:
2950:
2941:
2940:
2934:
2932:
2926:
2925:
2923:
2922:
2917:
2916:
2915:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2889:
2887:
2883:
2882:
2877:
2875:
2874:
2867:
2860:
2852:
2846:
2845:
2836:
2811:
2801:
2785:
2776:
2773:
2770:
2769:
2755:
2741:
2729:
2722:
2702:
2673:
2648:
2636:
2627:
2615:
2606:
2590:
2574:
2565:
2553:
2534:
2518:
2506:
2494:
2476:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2467:
2466:
2450:
2427:
2410:
2400:
2379:
2378:
2364:
2361:
2360:
2359:
2352:
2349:
2346:
2345:
2342:
2339:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2332:
2326:
2324:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2313:
2305:
2304:
2301:
2298:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2291:
2285:
2283:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2272:
2264:
2263:
2260:
2257:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2250:
2244:
2242:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2231:
2214:
2212:
2211:
2202:
2200:
2191:
2189:
2180:
2178:
2176:
2169:
2167:
2165:
2163:
2161:
2159:
2157:
2155:
2153:
2151:
2149:
2147:
2145:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2133:
2131:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2123:
2121:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2105:
2103:
2101:
2099:
2097:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2079:
2077:
2075:
2073:
2071:
2069:
2067:
2065:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2055:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2041:
2039:
2037:
2035:
2033:
2032:cos. AD 12, 18
2026:
2024:
2022:
2020:
2018:
2016:
2014:
2012:
2010:
2008:cos. AD 15, 21
2001:
1999:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1977:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1957:
1955:
1953:
1951:
1949:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1939:
1937:
1935:
1933:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1923:
1921:
1919:
1917:
1915:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1897:
1895:
1893:
1891:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1875:
1873:
1866:
1864:
1859:
1857:
1852:
1850:
1843:
1841:
1839:
1837:
1835:
1833:
1831:
1829:
1827:
1825:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1817:
1815:
1813:
1811:
1809:
1807:
1805:
1803:
1801:
1799:
1797:
1795:
1793:
1791:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1777:
1775:
1773:
1771:
1769:
1767:
1765:
1763:
1761:
1759:
1757:
1755:
1753:
1751:
1749:
1747:
1745:
1743:
1741:
1739:
1737:
1735:
1733:
1731:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1721:
1714:
1712:
1710:
1701:
1699:
1692:
1690:
1688:
1686:
1681:
1679:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1649:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1639:
1637:
1635:
1633:
1631:
1629:
1627:
1625:
1623:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1603:
1601:
1599:
1597:
1595:
1593:
1591:
1589:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1579:
1572:
1570:
1568:
1566:
1564:
1555:
1553:
1551:
1549:
1547:
1545:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1512:
1510:
1508:
1506:
1504:
1502:
1500:
1498:
1496:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1488:
1486:
1484:
1482:
1480:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1470:
1468:
1466:
1464:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1454:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1441:
1439:
1432:
1430:
1425:
1423:
1416:
1414:
1412:
1410:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1380:
1378:
1376:
1374:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1366:
1364:
1362:
1360:
1358:
1356:
1354:
1352:
1350:
1348:
1346:
1344:
1342:
1340:
1338:
1336:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1320:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1308:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1296:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1283:
1281:
1279:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1265:
1263:
1261:
1259:
1253:
1252:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1238:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1226:
1224:
1222:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1214:
1212:
1210:
1208:
1206:
1204:
1202:
1200:
1198:
1196:
1194:
1192:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1169:
1167:
1165:
1163:
1161:
1159:
1157:
1150:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1142:
1140:
1132:
1131:
1129:
1127:
1125:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1085:
1083:
1081:
1079:
1077:
1075:
1073:
1071:
1069:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1061:
1059:
1057:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1043:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1033:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1019:
1012:
1010:
1008:
1006:
1004:
1002:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
992:
990:
988:
986:
984:
982:
980:
978:
976:
974:
972:
970:
968:
966:
964:
962:
960:
958:
956:
954:
951:
949:
948:
946:
944:
942:
940:
938:
936:
934:
931:
929:
927:
925:
923:
921:
919:
917:
908:
905:
903:
902:
901:
900:
899:
898:
897:
896:
895:
894:
893:
892:
891:
890:
869:
859:
858:
857:
856:
855:
854:
853:
848:(by adoption)
846:
845:
844:
843:
842:
832:
823:, wife of (1)
821:Julia Drusilla
818:
796:
795:
794:
791:Julia Drusilla
781:Lollia Paulina
766:
763:Aemilia Lepida
756:
741:(by adoption)
739:
738:
737:
734:
724:
708:
696:(by adoption)
694:
689:(by adoption)
687:
678:(by adoption)
676:
664:, wife of (1)
642:(by adoption)
640:
630:
602:
585:
582:Quintus Pedius
555:
554:
553:
552:
551:
540:
534:
533:
532:
519:, wife of (1)
514:
513:
512:
478:
469:
468:
467:
448:
420:
417:
314:
311:
227:
226:
219:
212:
205:
136:
133:
129:Julio-Claudian
107:following the
53:Julii Caesares
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3567:
3556:
3555:Roman stirpes
3553:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3537:
3535:
3520:
3519:
3515:
3508:
3507:
3504:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3469:
3467:
3463:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3425:
3421:
3420:
3418:
3414:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3385:
3383:
3379:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3359:
3357:
3353:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3328:
3326:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3313:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3288:
3286:
3282:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3252:
3250:
3246:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3234:
3230:
3228:
3227:
3223:
3221:
3220:
3216:
3215:
3213:
3209:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3197:
3193:
3191:
3190:
3186:
3184:
3183:
3179:
3177:
3176:
3172:
3170:
3169:
3165:
3164:
3162:
3158:
3152:
3151:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3139:
3135:
3133:
3132:
3128:
3127:
3125:
3121:
3115:
3112:
3111:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3066:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3036:
3034:
3032:
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2920:Assassination
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2899:
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2879:Julius Caesar
2873:
2868:
2866:
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2859:
2854:
2853:
2850:
2843:
2842:
2837:
2834:
2833:9781444308457
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2799:
2798:William Smith
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2598:William Berry
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2544:, epitome of
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2389:William Berry
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2005:
1971:
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835:Julia Livilla
833:
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62:
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43:
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19:
3516:
3509:
3423:
3315:
3301:Green Caesar
3231:
3224:
3217:
3194:
3187:
3180:
3173:
3166:
3148:
3136:
3129:
2839:
2815:
2807:
2791:
2781:
2775:Bibliography
2758:
2744:
2736:
2732:
2712:
2705:
2689:
2682:Syme, Ronald
2676:
2664:. Retrieved
2658:
2651:
2643:
2639:
2630:
2622:
2618:
2609:
2601:
2593:
2585:
2568:
2560:
2556:
2548:
2537:
2530:Aelius Verus
2529:
2521:
2514:
2509:
2489:
2461:
2453:
2441:
2435:
2430:
2413:
2403:
2392:
2383:
2219:
1576:
1562:
910:
907:Male lineage
878:
866:Gaius Marius
730:
527:; mother of
500:
445:
435:Gaius Caesar
432:
370:
365:
357:
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349:
337:
302:
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294:
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258:
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194:Aelius Verus
181:
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173:
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153:
147:
142:
117:Roman Senate
83:. His son,
59:
52:
50:
3477:Mark Antony
3426:by Plutarch
3260:Curia Julia
3196:De analogia
3123:Legislation
3054:Dyrrhachium
3021:Uxellodunum
2948:Gallic Wars
2903:Gallic wars
2838:Suetonius,
1156:cos. 157 BC
717:Julia Livia
588:Julia Minor
574:Julia Major
507:during the
362:Marcia gens
313:Descendancy
113:dictatorial
3534:Categories
3472:Julia gens
3306:Arles bust
3239:Last words
3138:Lex Roscia
3044:Brundisium
2825:1444308459
2666:8 December
2472:References
2357:Julia gens
2207:(Caligula)
2196:Germanicus
2185:Germanicus
1543:cos. 64 BC
1452:cos. 91 BC
1421:cos. 90 BC
1269:pr. 123 BC
1258:pr. 166 BC
1138:pr. 183 BC
1018:pr. 208 BC
864:, wife of
837:, wife of
625:, wife of
590:, wife of
566:, married
546:, wife of
437:, wife of
332:See also:
190:Spartianus
139:See also:
89:consulship
3482:Cleopatra
3446:Caesarism
3367:Caesarion
3346:Calpurnia
3284:Portraits
3248:Buildings
3059:Pharsalus
3039:Corfinium
3031:Civil War
2986:Octodurus
2437:Imperator
2423:Cleopatra
2419:Caesarion
2363:Footnotes
1849:cos. AD 1
652:Scribonia
637:Cleopatra
617:Calpurnia
509:Civil War
239:caesaries
216:caesaries
150:filiation
109:Civil War
57:patrician
3518:Category
3487:Servilia
3355:Children
3336:Cornelia
3175:Anticato
3011:Gergovia
3006:Avaricum
2991:Morbihan
2981:Atuatuci
2961:Bibracte
2938:Mytilene
2788:"Caesar"
2713:Augustus
2690:Historia
2684:(1958),
2656:Cicero.
2458:Tiberius
2373:Caligula
2351:See also
2281:Dictator
2210:d. AD 41
2199:d. AD 33
2188:d. AD 31
1872:d. AD 37
1719:d. 46 BC
1709:d. AD 14
1706:Augustus
1698:d. 30 BC
1685:d. 46 BC
1561:d. 44 BC
1438:d. 85 BC
609:Cornelia
523:and (2)
505:Pompeius
482:Poppilia
439:Pompeius
427:Coin of
409:Caligula
377:Augustus
373:Octavius
326:Tiberius
291:Augustus
281:. When
271:Claudius
267:Caligula
263:Tiberius
171:cognomen
125:Augustus
46:dictator
3465:Related
3341:Pompeia
3096:Thapsus
3091:Corduba
3086:Ruspina
2752:2, 1660
2698:4434568
2322:Emperor
648:Claudia
613:Pompeia
568:Aurelia
283:Hadrian
251:Servius
186:praetor
135:History
77:praetor
71:, when
3416:Legacy
3316:Family
3211:Quotes
3049:Ilerda
3016:Alesia
2966:Vosges
2831:
2823:
2766:6, 930
2720:
2696:
2312:Orange
2271:Yellow
2240:Consul
2220:Legend
827:, (2)
809:, (3)
805:, (2)
783:, (4)
779:, (3)
775:, (2)
733:AD 38.
672:, (3)
668:, (2)
654:, (3)
650:, (2)
615:, (3)
611:, (2)
501:filius
350:Lucius
303:Caesar
295:Caesar
287:Caesar
273:, and
235:Caesar
231:Festus
223:caesii
209:caesus
182:Caesar
174:Caesar
154:Caesar
143:Caesar
93:stirps
81:Sicily
44:, the
3381:Other
3362:Julia
3324:Wives
3160:Works
3101:Munda
3069:Siege
2976:Sabis
2971:Axona
2790:, in
2694:JSTOR
2462:nomen
2442:nomen
2421:, by
2230:Green
862:Julia
731:circa
656:Livia
623:Julia
544:Julia
517:Julia
429:Julia
385:Gaius
358:Gaius
202:Moors
64:Julia
3081:Zela
2956:Arar
2829:ISBN
2821:ISBN
2718:ISBN
2668:2015
2398:267.
815:Nero
598:and
580:and
542:(?)
387:and
305:was
275:Nero
243:kêsa
237:and
163:The
105:Rome
101:Gaul
75:was
61:gens
51:The
2763:CIL
2749:CIL
2515:ff.
366:his
95:is
79:in
3536::
2827:,
2806:,
2796:,
2688:,
2600:,
2586:ff
2577:^
2532:1.
2528:,
2497:^
2480:^
883:.
787:.
749:.
658:.
619:.
484:.
431:.
269:,
176::
2871:e
2864:t
2857:v
2844:.
2835:.
2726:.
2670:.
2588:.
2551:.
868:.
841:.
831:.
817:.
793:.
765:.
723:.
686:.
639:.
629:.
584:.
550:.
511:.
441:.
328:.
34:.
20:)
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