33:
46:
173:, as used by microwave ovens. The most notable manufacturer of this type of oven is TurboChef. The differences between an impingement oven with magnetrons and a convection microwave oven are claimed to be cost, power consumption, and speed. Impingement ovens are designed to be used in restaurants, where speed is essential and power consumption and cost are less of a concern.
208:
234:
The original
Philips Air fryer used radiant heat from a heating element just above the food and convection heat from a strong air stream flowing upwards through the open bottom of the food chamber, delivering heat from all sides, with a small volume of hot air forced to pass from the heater surface
165:
Another form of convection oven has hot air directed at a high flow rate from above and below food that passes through the oven on a conveyor belt; it is called an impingement oven. This cooks, for example, breaded products such as chicken nuggets or breaded chicken portions faster than a fan oven,
327:
In the United States convection ovens experienced a surge in popularity in the late 2010's and early 2020's with a reported 36% of U.S. households having one in 2020 and an estimated 60% of U.S. households having one in 2023. Food manufacturers have responded by adding air frying instructions on a
246:
Most air fryers have temperature and timer adjustments that allow precise cooking. Food is typically cooked in a basket that sits on a drip tray. For best results the basket must be periodically agitated, either manually or by the fryer mechanism. Convection ovens and air fryers are similar in the
242:
methods induce the
Maillard reaction at temperatures of 140 to 165 °C (284 to 329 °F) by completely submerging foods in hot oil, well above the boiling point of water. The air fryer works by circulating air at up to 200 °C (392 °F) to apply sufficient heat to food coated with a
136:
it) away from the food the layer is thinned, and cooking is faster. To prevent overcooking before the middle is cooked, the temperature is usually reduced by about 20 °C (36 °F) below the setting used for a non-fan oven. In a non-fan oven the temperature varies significantly in different
81:
around food to create an evenly heated environment. The increased air circulation causes a fan-assisted oven to cook food faster than a conventional non-fan oven, which relies only on natural convection to circulate the hot air. Fan-assisted convection ovens are commonly used for baking as well as
157:. This difference in cooking temperature is offset as the circulating air transfers heat more quickly than still air of the same temperature. In order to transfer the same amount of heat in the same time, the temperature must be lowered to reduce the rate of heat transfer in order to compensate.
267:
A cylindrical basket is a small, single function air fryer that includes a drawer with a removable basket. A fan circulates from the top, and the food is cooked through holes in the basket. It can accommodate 2.8 litres (3.0 US quarts) of food or less on average. Because of its compact size, it
276:
Countertop convection ovens come with an air frying feature that work the same way as basket type air fryers. They usually have multiple trays or racks, so multiple things can be cooked at the same time. It holds 24 litres (25 US quarts) of food on average. They are more versatile than single
152:
A convection oven allows a reduction in cooking temperature compared to a conventional oven. This comparison will vary, depending on factors including, for example, how much food is being cooked at once or if airflow is being restricted, for example by an oversized
258:
In this type, a paddle machine moves throughout the heating chamber to move the air around more evenly. This is more convenient for the user because other types of air fryers require manual stirring throughout to ensure that all sides are fully cooked.
97:
Convection ovens distribute heat evenly around the food, removing the blanket of cooler air that surrounds food when it is first placed in an oven and allowing food to cook more evenly in less time and at a lower temperature than in a conventional oven.
40:
here has been reversed to place the meat low and far from the main heat source (at the top of the pot), although near the heat of the glass pot's bottom. Flipping the gridiron would raise the meat closer to the main heat
285:
This type of air fryer cooks food with a halogen radiant heat source from above. The heat is spread evenly with a fan like other types of air fryers. This type is usually a large glass bowl with a hinged lid.
166:
and yields a crisp surface texture. Impinged air also prevents "shadowing" which occurs with infrared radiant heat sources. Impingement ovens can achieve a much higher heat transfer than a conventional oven.
235:
and over the food, with no idle air circulating as in a convection oven. A shaped guide directed the airflow over the bottom of the food. The technique was patented as Rapid Air technology.
689:
89:
When cooking using a fan-assisted oven, the temperature is usually set lower than for a non-fan oven, often by 20 °C (36 °F), to avoid overcooking the outside of the food.
443:
473:
294:
This is a large, barrel-shaped air fryer used to cook whole turkeys and other large pieces of meat. It circulates air around the drum to cook the meat evenly.
1217:
991:
413:
144:
sources at the top and bottom of the oven, which provide immediate heat without the warmup time of a (natural or fan-assisted) convection oven.
842:
686:
770:
734:
717:
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573:
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451:
128:
of cooler air that naturally forms around the food. The boundary layer acts as an insulator and slows the rate at which
481:
1480:
185:
619:
277:
function type because they have multiple features like baking, rotisserie, grilling, frying, broiling, and toasting.
531:
744:
1039:
journaldunet. com/economie/industrie/1169062-actifry-smart-seb/1169706-8-millions-d-actifry-vendues-dans-le-monde
177:
935:
1203:
811:
82:
non-food, industrial applications. Small countertop convection ovens for household use are often marketed as
1500:
1621:
1611:
309:
introduced the world's first air fryer, under the
Actifry brand of convection ovens in the French market.
961:
859:
1616:
1445:
1368:
106:
The first oven with a fan to circulate air was invented in 1914 but it was never launched commercially.
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421:
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377:
231:
produce better results; others say that air frying is essentially the same as convection baking.
37:
588:
223:
circulates hot air at a high speed, producing a crisp layer via browning reactions such as the
1532:
1475:
1287:
1270:
1174:
1084:
838:
778:
382:
Cooking with
Convection: Everything You Need to Know to Get the Most from Your Convection Oven
321:
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118:
32:
109:
The first convection oven in wide use was the Maxson
Whirlwind Oven, introduced in 1945.
1690:
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129:
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339:
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way they cook food, but air fryers are smaller and give off less heat to the room.
228:
141:
503:
1109:
559:
320:
consumer electronics fair. By 2018, the term "air fryer" was starting to be used
1628:
1591:
1581:
1522:
1423:
1309:
1250:
545:
216:
154:
560:"Heating cooker, cooking system, arithmetic device, and cooking support method"
1505:
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317:
306:
45:
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An air fryer is a small countertop convection oven that is said to simulate
170:
517:
124:
One effect of the fan is to reduce the thickness of the stationary thermal
611:
227:. Some product reviewers find that regular convection ovens or convection
1554:
1465:
1388:
1141:"Nestle, Tyson and other food giants bet on air fryer boom to grow sales"
49:
An industrial convection oven used in the aircraft manufacturing industry
17:
1601:
1527:
1440:
1265:
313:
1485:
984:"Everything You Need to Know about Convection Ovens & Air Fryers"
414:"Everything You Need to Know about Convection Ovens & Air Fryers"
328:
number of products and pre air-fried products also coming to market.
239:
1021:
lesechos.fr/2008/07/seb-defie-la-conjoncture-avec-linnovation-493611
803:
207:
137:
places; a fan distributes hot air evenly for a uniform temperature.
589:"Breville Combi Wave 3-in-1 takes versatility to a whole new level"
1195:
860:"What Is An Air Fryer? - Types Of Air Fryer - All Kitchen Reviews"
206:
199:
to cook foods even faster and retain more nutrients and moisture.
121:
around it. A small fan circulates the air in the cooking chamber.
44:
31:
36:
A tabletop convection oven cooking pork. For slower cooking, the
1537:
532:"The Science of Impingement: How it can speed up your cook time"
74:
1199:
833:
McGee, Harold (2004). "The
Maillard Reaction; Caramelization".
1050:"Philips debuts the Airfryer – crispy fries without the fat"
342:
are convection ovens used to sterilize medical equipment.
444:"What's the difference between fan and convection ovens?"
316:
introduced the Air fryer brand of convection oven at the
1167:"How the Air Fryer Crisped Its Way Into America's Heart"
1077:"How the Air Fryer Crisped Its Way Into America's Heart"
835:
On Food and
Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen
184:
to cook food with the speed of a microwave oven and the
195:
is an oven that combines convection functionality with
1647:
1233:
704:"The Best Air Fryer Is a Convection Toaster Oven",
302:Convection ovens have been in wide use since 1945.
1012:lsa-conso .fr/produits/friteuse-actifry-seb,133832
574:"Here, GE should stand for "General Excellence.""
268:preheats faster than other types of air fryers.
250:There are several types of household air fryer:
936:"Air fryer vs halogen oven — which is cheaper?"
336:Industrial convection ovens can be very large.
606:
604:
602:
1211:
676:"Wirecutter's Worst Things for Most People",
8:
962:"What Is an Air Fryer? - Types of Air Fryer"
1030:federactive.com/histoire-du-groupe-seb.html
798:
796:
1218:
1204:
1196:
1110:"Has airfryer become a generic trademark?"
243:thin layer of oil, causing the reaction.
639:
637:
169:Fully enclosed models can also use dual
140:Convection ovens may include additional
351:
180:which combine a convection oven with a
1165:Morales, Christina (25 January 2022).
1075:Morales, Christina (25 January 2022).
837:. Scribners. pp. 656–57, 778–79.
219:without submerging the food in oil. A
934:Cynthia Lawrence (26 November 2022).
814:from the original on 16 December 2019
132:to the food. By moving the cool air (
7:
658:from the original on 8 November 2020
396:"Adding Pressure to Heat in Cooking"
733:Sullivan, Michael (22 March 2022).
504:"US5934178A — Air impingement oven"
117:A convection oven has a fan with a
1120:from the original on 24 April 2021
622:from the original on 19 March 2019
25:
994:from the original on 15 July 2018
646:"6 Tips for Using Your Air Fryer"
587:Carrillo, Jaime (10 June 2021).
960:D'Costa, Roja (11 March 2021).
858:D’Costa, Roja (11 March 2021).
771:"What is Rapid Air Technology?"
644:Clark, Melissa (1 April 2019).
360:"Definition of CONVECTION OVEN"
1139:Lucas, Amelia (5 March 2023).
777:. 10 June 2016. Archived from
188:ability of a convection oven.
1:
1481:Instant hot water dispenser
720:September 26, 2020, at the
506:– via Google Patents.
332:Industrial convection ovens
1707:
804:"History of the Air Fryer"
745:The New York Times Company
692:November 26, 2020, at the
612:"Are air fryers worth it?"
272:Countertop convection oven
178:convection microwave ovens
27:Appliance that heats food
402:. May 1914. p. 403.
400:Technical World Magazine
1681:20th-century inventions
1501:Laundry-folding machine
910:"4 Types of Air Fryers"
885:"4 Types of Air Fryers"
364:www.merriam-webster.com
212:
93:Principle of operation
50:
42:
1369:Electric water boiler
964:. All Kitchen Reviews
864:allkitchenreviews.com
474:"Ovens Advice Centre"
290:Oil-less turkey fryer
210:
79:fans to circulate air
48:
35:
751:on 26 September 2020
735:"The Best Air Fryer"
546:"Speed cooking oven"
478:Hoover Advice Centre
1660:Appliance recycling
1384:Electric toothbrush
378:Ojakangas, Beatrice
130:heat is transferred
1516:Robotic lawn mower
1399:Evaporative cooler
1171:The New York Times
1081:The New York Times
1056:. 3 September 2010
715:September 27, 2019
711:The New York Times
683:The New York Times
651:The New York Times
518:"Commercial Ovens"
263:Cylindrical basket
213:
51:
43:
1668:
1667:
1288:Coffee percolator
1271:Immersion blender
687:November 24, 2020
225:Maillard reaction
197:superheated steam
59:fan-assisted oven
57:(also known as a
16:(Redirected from
1698:
1476:Induction cooker
1446:Garbage disposer
1394:Espresso machine
1349:Electric blanket
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914:Kitchen Infinity
906:
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899:
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889:Kitchen Infinity
881:
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874:
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855:
849:
848:
844:978-0-68480001-1
830:
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823:
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791:
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781:on 20 March 2022
767:
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747:. Archived from
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484:on 20 March 2013
480:. Archived from
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450:. Archived from
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420:. Archived from
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21:
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1671:
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1643:
1639:Washing machine
1634:Water dispenser
1560:Pressure cooker
1543:Convection oven
1471:Ice cream maker
1379:Electric shaver
1374:Electric heater
1359:Electric kettle
1241:Air conditioner
1229:
1227:Home appliances
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988:Air & Water
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722:Wayback Machine
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694:Wayback Machine
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618:. 10 May 2018.
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534:. Marlen. 2022.
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424:on 15 July 2018
418:Air & Water
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176:There are also
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119:heating element
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55:convection oven
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15:
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1655:Appliance plug
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1614:
1607:Vacuum cleaner
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1599:
1597:Television set
1594:
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1587:Sewing machine
1584:
1579:
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1577:
1572:
1570:Crisper drawer
1562:
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1548:Microwave oven
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1364:Electric knife
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1354:Electric drill
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1332:Domestic robot
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1325:drying cabinet
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706:The Wirecutter
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678:The Wirecutter
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366:. 7 July 2023.
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182:microwave oven
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1491:Kitchen hood
1315:Dehumidifier
1305:Clothes iron
1256:Air purifier
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1592:Slow cooker
1582:Rice cooker
1523:Leaf blower
1310:Coffeemaker
1251:Air ioniser
1124:17 February
940:Tom's Guide
322:generically
217:deep frying
155:baking tray
1686:Convection
1675:Categories
1506:Lawn mower
1461:Humidifier
1451:Hair dryer
1429:Fan heater
1344:Deep fryer
1337:comparison
1320:Dishwasher
1283:Bug zapper
968:8 February
945:8 February
919:8 February
894:8 February
869:8 February
818:26 January
740:Wirecutter
428:8 December
346:References
318:IFA Berlin
307:Groupe SEB
171:magnetrons
134:convecting
84:air fryers
1456:Hair iron
1419:bladeless
1246:Air fryer
1179:0362-4331
1089:0362-4331
1054:New Atlas
998:17 August
626:8 January
312:In 2010,
305:In 2006,
203:Air fryer
77:that has
1648:See also
1555:Pie iron
1466:Icemaker
1389:Epilator
1118:Archived
992:Archived
812:Archived
718:Archived
690:Archived
656:Archived
620:Archived
448:SMEG.com
380:(2009).
186:browning
161:Variants
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1622:robotic
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1528:Lighter
1441:Freezer
1424:ceiling
1266:Blender
1094:15 June
1060:15 June
755:2 April
662:10 July
488:20 July
458:20 July
314:Philips
298:History
281:Halogen
102:History
41:source.
1617:manual
1486:Juicer
1434:window
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254:Paddle
240:frying
113:Design
1691:Ovens
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1533:Mixer
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1298:combo
1234:Types
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1150:8 May
785:5 May
616:Wired
71:turbo
1538:Oven
1186:2024
1175:ISSN
1152:2024
1145:CNBC
1126:2021
1096:2023
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1000:2020
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839:ISBN
820:2019
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775:APDS
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